Measurement device for monitoring soil erosion in field runoff plot and measurement method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for field runoff plot soil erosion monitoring, the device comprises a sediment measuring device, a water measuring device and a protective cover, the sediment measuring device realizes sediment filtration and weight measurement through a filter funnel and a scale, and the water measuring device accurately calculates the water amount by using a double-tipping-bucket container and a sensor. The protection cover ensures that runoff accurately enters the device. The device is also provided with a horizontal test system to ensure the measurement accuracy. The measuring method comprises two steps of preparation before work and a working process, specifically, firstly, a proper position is selected to place the device and leveled, then silt and water generated in a runoff plot are monitored, the silt is separated through the filtering funnel, the weight is measured, meanwhile, the water amount is calculated through the double-tipping-bucket container and the sensor, and finally flowing water is guided out through the drainage system, so that monitoring is completed. The device is compact in structure and simple and convenient to operate, can accurately monitor the soil erosion condition of the field runoff plot in real time, and provides powerful support for water and soil conservation and ecological environment research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection measurement, and specifically discloses a measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil erosion is a common environmental problem worldwide, especially in arid, semi-arid and mountainous areas with complex terrain. Due to the limitations of natural conditions and the interference of human activities, the soil quality in these areas continues to decline, and the problem of soil and water loss is becoming increasingly serious. Soil erosion not only leads to the loss of soil fertility and affects the growth of crops, but also further aggravates the shortage of water resources, destroys the ecological balance, causes the land to gradually degrade, and even triggers natural disasters such as mudslides and landslides, posing a serious threat to human life and property safety.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of global ecological environmental protection awareness, soil erosion monitoring and assessment has gradually become a key area of ​​scientific research. In order to more effectively prevent and control soil erosion and formulate scientific and reasonable soil protection measures, it is necessary to first accurately monitor and assess the extent and status of soil erosion. At present, soil erosion monitoring methods are mainly divided into two categories: one is based on laboratory soil sample analysis, which indirectly assesses the extent of soil erosion by conducting detailed physical and chemical property analysis of the collected soil samples; the other is to use on-site monitoring equipment to collect real-time data to directly reflect the actual situation of soil erosion.

[0004] However, existing soil erosion monitoring equipment often has many shortcomings in practical applications. On the one hand, these devices can often only monitor water flow or sediment flow alone, and cannot accurately capture the dynamic change relationship between the two at the same time, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate monitoring results. On the other hand, the low degree of integration of the equipment and the lack of effective integration and collaboration between the various monitoring components make the monitoring process cumbersome and complicated, making it difficult to achieve efficient and continuous monitoring of the entire soil erosion process. In addition, most of the existing sand and water measuring equipment focuses on one aspect of the function, such as flow meters specifically measuring water flow and samplers measuring sediment concentration. Although these devices can meet the monitoring needs to a certain extent, they lack comprehensive and real-time data collection capabilities and cannot provide comprehensive and accurate data support for the monitoring and evaluation of soil erosion.

[0005] Therefore, the development of a composite device that can simultaneously monitor water flow and sediment flow, integrate sand and water measurement functions, and can accurately measure soil erosion in real time has become an urgent need in the field of soil erosion monitoring. By integrating advanced sand and water composite measurement technology, this device will be able to greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil erosion monitoring, and provide more powerful data support and decision-making basis for preventing and controlling soil erosion and formulating scientific soil protection measures. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a measuring device and a measuring method for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, aiming to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an integrated, precise and real-time soil erosion monitoring solution.

[0007] The present invention includes the following technical solutions: A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, comprising a sand measuring device, a water measuring device, and a protective cover; the characteristics are: The sand measuring device is provided with a sand measuring system on the top and a sand measuring system bracket on the bottom. The sand measuring system includes a filter funnel and a weighing device, and the weighing device is fitted to the outside of the filter funnel. The water measuring device has a water receiving funnel on the top and is located at the upper end of the double-bucket container flip bracket and passes through the double-bucket container flip bracket. The double-bucket container is connected to the double-bucket container flip bracket through a rotating shaft. The bottom of the double-bucket container flip bracket is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform. The double-bucket container adjustment knob is located under the double-bucket container and placed on the upper part of the device placement platform. Sensors are respectively located on the device placement platform and the outer surface of the double-bucket container flip bracket; the drainage system is installed on the composite equipment base, and is provided with a funnel and a drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe is passed through the inside of the composite equipment base; The bottom of the sand measuring device is connected to the water measuring device through the composite equipment base. The top of the protective cover is provided with a water inlet, which is directly above the filter funnel in the sand measuring system. The lower part of the protective cover is a circular opening and fits the composite equipment base. The protective cover covers the entire device to prevent the influence of water and water other than erosion on the test results, ensuring the accuracy and scientificity of the test results. It is also easy to remove and maintain the device.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, the filter funnel includes an upper filter screen and a lower filter screen, the upper filter screen is attached to the conical inner wall of the filter funnel, and the lower filter screen is placed at the bottom of the filter funnel, and the weighing device includes a sensor for real-time weight monitoring and an L-shaped gasket below. When working, the upper filter screen performs a primary filtration to remove coarse sediment, and the lower filter screen performs a secondary filtration to improve the filtration purity and prevent clogging.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, the double-tipping bucket container flipping bracket has a rotating shaft located between its left and right walls. When working, the rotating shaft ensures that the double-tipping bucket container operates normally and prevents water volume measurement errors.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff area, the double-tipping bucket container includes two fixed-capacity containers and counterweights for the left and right weighing devices, a gasket for connecting the rotating shaft is provided directly below the fixed-capacity container, and the counterweights are located above the axes of the left and right weighing devices of the double-tipping bucket container.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff area, the drainage system includes two funnels on the left and right sides of the weighing device and a drainage pipe converging to the same outlet, the two funnels on the left and right sides of the weighing device are placed on the upper surface of the composite equipment base, and the bottom of the funnel is connected to two drainage pipes converging to one outlet, and the drainage pipe runs from the upper surface of the composite equipment base to the lower surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot also includes a horizontal test system, which includes a height adjustment support and a horizontal observation bubble. The height adjustment support is located at the bottom of the composite equipment base and has three. The horizontal observation bubble in the horizontal test system is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform. During operation, observe whether the horizontal observation bubble is placed in the center to ensure that the device is in a horizontal state, and at the same time ensure that the water storage capacity of the fixed capacity containers on the left and right sides of the double dump container is the same. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, the sensor has two upper and lower sensors, the upper one is attached to the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container flip bracket, and the lower one is placed above the device placement platform.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a measuring method of the above-mentioned field runoff plot soil erosion monitoring measuring device, comprising the following steps: S1 Preparation before work 1) First, select a stable and open location and place the measuring device below the runoff area to be monitored to ensure that the sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area can completely pass through the entrance of the protective cover; 2) Level the measuring device by adjusting the height adjustment support of the horizontal test system, and observe the horizontal observation bubble during the adjustment process until the horizontal observation bubble is located in the center; S2 Workflow 3) The sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area enter the device through the entrance of the protective cover (3), first pass through the filter funnel, and the upper filter net of the filter funnel performs preliminary filtration on the sediment mixture. After being filtered by the upper filter net, the lower filter net with a finer layer completely filters the sediment to achieve complete separation of sand and water. After complete separation, the sand measuring device measures the weight of the filtered sediment, transmits it to the sensor monitoring platform through the sensor and records it; 4) After the water and sediment are completely separated by the filter funnel, the water enters the water measuring device through the water receiving funnel, and then flows into the double-tipping bucket container through the water receiving funnel. When one of the fixed-capacity containers in the double-tipping bucket container is full, the double-tipping bucket container is turned over, and the water continues to flow into the other fixed-capacity container until it is full, and the cycle repeats. During this process, the counterweight and the double-tipping bucket container adjustment knob enable the two fixed-capacity containers to turn over normally and ensure that the water storage volume of the two fixed-capacity containers is consistent. During the entire operation of the double-tipping bucket container, the sensor installed on the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container turning bracket and the upper part of the device placement platform will detect the number of times the double-tipping bucket container is turned over in real time, and calculate the weight of the water in real time through the water volume calculation formula: water volume = fixed-capacity container × number of times the double-tipping bucket container is turned over; 5) The water with measured weight flows into two funnels in the drainage system and is discharged through the drainage pipe. At this time, the measuring device completes the detection of sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Comprehensive monitoring capability: The present invention realizes the simultaneous monitoring of water flow and sediment flow by integrating the sand measuring device and the water measuring device. This comprehensive monitoring capability greatly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of soil erosion monitoring, filling the gap that the existing equipment can only monitor a single one.

[0015] 2 High-precision measurement: The sand measuring device adopts a double-layer filter design, which can finely filter the sediment and ensure the complete separation of sediment and water, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the sediment weight. The water measuring device uses a double-tipping bucket container and sensor to accurately calculate the weight of water, achieving high-precision measurement of water flow.

[0016] 3 High integration and real-time performance: The present invention integrates sand and water measurement functions and protective covers into a composite device, which simplifies the monitoring process and improves monitoring efficiency. At the same time, the real-time monitoring and data transmission of sensors can realize real-time understanding of soil erosion.

[0017] 4. Convenient operation and maintenance: The device is reasonably designed, compact in structure, and easy to carry and install. At the same time, the introduction of the level test system allows the device to be easily leveled before use, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring. In addition, each component of the device is easy to maintain and replace, reducing the cost of use.

[0018] 5 Scientific data support: Through the measurement method of the present invention, detailed data on the sediment and water produced by erosion in the runoff area can be obtained, providing strong data support and decision-making basis for preventing and controlling soil erosion and formulating scientific soil protection measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the measuring device excluding the protective cover; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sand measuring device; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water measuring device; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal test system; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a filter funnel; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a double-tipping bucket container and a drainage system; Figure 7 The front and cross-sectional views of the protective cover are shown; Wherein: 1 sand measuring device; 111 filter funnel; 1111 upper filter screen; 1112 lower filter screen; 1121 L-shaped gasket; 1122 sensor for real-time weight monitoring; 112 weighing device; 2 Water measuring device; 21 Water collecting funnel; 22 Double-tip bucket container turning bracket; 221 Rotating axis; 23 Double-tip bucket container; 231 Fixed capacity container; 232 Counterweight; 233 Gasket; 24 Double-tip bucket container adjustment knob; 25 Real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor; 26 Drainage system; 261 Funnel; 262 Drain pipe; 27 Level test system; 271 Height adjustment support; 272 Horizontal bubble observation; 28 Device placement platform; 29 Composite equipment base; 3 Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-7 A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot is shown, comprising a sand measuring device 1, a water measuring device 2, and a protective cover 3; The sand measuring device 1 is provided with a sand measuring system 11 on the top and a sand measuring system bracket 12 at the bottom. The sand measuring system 11 includes a filter funnel 111 and a weighing device 112, and the weighing device 112 is attached to the outside of the filter funnel 111. The water measuring device 2 has a water receiving funnel 21 on the top and is located at the upper end of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 and passes through the double-bucket container flip bracket 22. The double-bucket container 23 is connected to the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 through a rotating shaft 221. The bottom of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform 28. The double-bucket container adjustment knob 24 is located under the double-bucket container 23 and placed on the upper part of the device placement platform 28. The real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 is respectively located on the device placement platform 28 and the outer surface of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22; the drainage system 26 is installed on the composite equipment base 29, and is provided with a funnel 261 and a drainage pipe 262, and the drainage pipe 262 is passed through the composite equipment base 29; The bottom of the sand measuring device 1 is connected to the water measuring device 2 through a composite equipment base 29. A water inlet is provided at the top of the protective cover 3, directly opposite to the top of the filter funnel 111 in the sand measuring system 11. The lower part of the protective cover 3 is a circular opening and fits with the composite equipment base 29.

[0022] Example 2 like Figure 1-7 A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot is shown, comprising a sand measuring device 1, a water measuring device 2, and a protective cover 3; The sand measuring device 1 is provided with a sand measuring system 11 on the top and a sand measuring system bracket 12 at the bottom. The sand measuring system 11 includes a filter funnel 111 and a weighing device 112, and the weighing device 112 is attached to the outside of the filter funnel 111. The water measuring device 2 has a water receiving funnel 21 on the top and is located at the upper end of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 and passes through the double-bucket container flip bracket 22. The double-bucket container 23 is connected to the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 through a rotating shaft 221. The bottom of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22 is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform 28. The double-bucket container adjustment knob 24 is located under the double-bucket container 23 and placed on the upper part of the device placement platform 28. The real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 is respectively located on the device placement platform 28 and the outer surface of the double-bucket container flip bracket 22; the drainage system 26 is installed on the composite equipment base 29, and is provided with a funnel 261 and a drainage pipe 262, and the drainage pipe 262 is passed through the composite equipment base 29; The bottom of the sand measuring device 1 is connected to the water measuring device 2 through the composite equipment base 29. The top of the protective cover 3 is provided with a water inlet, which is directly opposite to the top of the filter funnel 111 in the sand measuring system 11. The lower part of the protective cover 3 is a circular opening and fits with the composite equipment base 29; preferably, the filter funnel 111 includes an upper filter screen 1111 and a lower filter screen 1112, the upper filter screen 1111 is fitted on the conical inner wall of the filter funnel 111, and the lower filter screen 1112 is placed at the bottom of the filter funnel 111, and the weighing device 112 includes a sensor 1122 for real-time weight monitoring and an L-shaped gasket 1121 below. Furthermore, the double-tipping bucket container flipping bracket 22 has a rotating shaft 221 located between its left and right walls; in particular, the double-tipping bucket container 23 includes two fixed capacity containers 231 and counterweights 232 for the left and right weighing devices, and a gasket 233 for connecting the rotating shaft 221 is provided directly below the fixed capacity container 231, and the counterweights 232 are located above the left and right axes of the weighing devices of the double-tipping bucket container 23; further, the drainage system 26 includes two funnels 261 for the left and right weighing devices and a drainage pipe 262 converging to the same outlet, and the two funnels 261 for the left and right weighing devices are placed on the upper surface of the composite equipment base 29, and the bottom of the funnel 261 is connected to two drainage pipes 262 converging to one outlet, and the drainage pipe 262 runs from the upper surface of the composite equipment base 29 to the lower surface. Furthermore, the measuring device also includes a horizontal testing system 27, which includes a height adjustment support 271 and a horizontal observation bubble 272. The height adjustment support 271 is located at the bottom of the composite equipment base 29 and has three of them. The horizontal observation bubble 272 in the horizontal testing system 27 is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform 28; in particular, the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 has two upper and lower ones, the upper one is attached to the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container flipping bracket 22, and the lower one is placed above the device placement platform 28; preferably, the specific model of the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 is: CR3000 (American TRANSCELL force sensor).

[0023] The measuring method of the measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1 Preparation before work 1) First, select a stable and open location and place the measuring device below the runoff area to be monitored, ensuring that the sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area can completely pass through the entrance of the protective cover 3; 2) Leveling the measuring device by adjusting the height adjustment support 271 of the level test system 27, and observing the horizontal observation bubble 272 during the adjustment process until the horizontal observation bubble 272 is located at the center; S2 Workflow 3) The sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area enter the device through the entrance of the protective cover 3, and first pass through the filter funnel 111. The upper filter screen 1111 of the filter funnel 111 performs preliminary filtration on the sediment mixture. After being filtered by the upper filter screen 1111, the lower filter screen 1112, which is more refined, completely filters the sediment to achieve complete separation of sand and water. After complete separation, the sand measuring device 1 measures the weight of the filtered sediment, and transmits it to the sensor monitoring platform through the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 and records it; 4) After the water and sediment are completely separated by the filtering funnel 111, the water enters the water measuring device 2 through the water receiving funnel 21, and the water flows into the double-tipping bucket container 23 through the water receiving funnel 21. When one of the fixed-capacity containers 231 of the double-tipping bucket container 23 is full, the double-tipping bucket container 23 is turned over, and the water continues to flow into the other fixed-capacity container 231 until it is full, and the cycle is repeated. In this process, the counterweight 232 and the double-tipping bucket container 23 adjustment knob make the two fixed-capacity containers 231 turn over normally and ensure that the water storage volume of the two fixed-capacity containers 231 is consistent; during the entire operation of the double-tipping bucket container 23, the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor 25 arranged on the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container turning bracket 22 and the upper part of the device placement platform 28 will detect the number of times the double-tipping bucket container 23 is turned over in real time, and the weight of the water is calculated in real time through the water volume calculation formula: water volume = fixed-capacity container 231 × number of times the double-tipping bucket container 23 is turned over; 5) The water with measured weight flows into two funnels 261 in the drainage system 26 respectively, and is discharged through the drainage pipe 262. At this time, the measuring device completes the detection of the sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area.

[0024] The above are limited to several preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot, comprising a sand measuring device (1), a water measuring device (2), and a protective cover (3); characterized in that: The sand measuring device (1) has a sand measuring system (11) installed on the top and a sand measuring system bracket (12) at the bottom. The sand measuring system (11) comprises a filter funnel (111) and a weighing device (112), and the weighing device (112) is attached to the outside of the filter funnel (111); The water measuring device (2) has a water receiving funnel (21) on the top thereof and is located at the upper end of the double-bucket container flip bracket (22) and passes through the double-bucket container flip bracket (22); the double-bucket container (23) is connected to the double-bucket container flip bracket (22) via a rotating shaft (221); the bottom of the double-bucket container flip bracket (22) is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform (28); the double-bucket container adjustment knob (24) is located under the double-bucket container (23) and is placed on the upper part of the device placement platform (28); and the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor (25) is respectively located on the outer surface of the device placement platform (28) and the double-bucket container flip bracket (22); the drainage system (26) is installed on the composite equipment base (29) and is provided with a funnel (261) and a drainage pipe (262); the drainage pipe (262) is passed through the inside of the composite equipment base (29); The bottom of the sand measuring device (1) is connected to the water measuring device (2) via a composite device base (29); a water inlet is provided at the top of the protective cover (3), facing directly above the filter funnel (111) in the sand measuring system (11); the bottom of the protective cover (3) is a circular opening and fits the composite device base (29).

2. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter funnel (111) comprises an upper filter screen (1111) and a lower filter screen (1112); the upper filter screen (1111) is attached to the conical inner wall of the filter funnel (111), and the lower filter screen (1112) is placed at the bottom of the filter funnel (111); the weighing device (112) comprises a sensor (1122) for real-time weight monitoring and an L-shaped gasket (1121) below.

3. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-tip container turning bracket (22) has a rotating shaft (221) located between its left and right walls.

4. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 3, characterized in that: The double-tipping bucket container (23) comprises two fixed-capacity containers (231) and counterweights (232) for the weighing device on the left and right. A gasket (233) for connecting the rotating shaft (221) is provided directly below the fixed-capacity container (231). The counterweights (232) are located above the axes of the weighing devices on the left and right sides of the double-tipping bucket container (23).

5. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drainage system (26) comprises two funnels (261) for the left and right weighing devices and a drainage pipe (262) that converges to the same outlet. The two funnels (261) for the left and right weighing devices are placed on the upper surface of the composite equipment base (29), and the bottoms of the funnels (261) are connected to two drainage pipes (262) that converge to one outlet. The drainage pipe (262) runs from the upper surface of the composite equipment base (29) to the lower surface.

6. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring device further comprises a horizontal testing system (27), wherein the horizontal testing system (27) comprises a height adjustment support (271) and a horizontal observation bubble (272), wherein the height adjustment support (271) is located at the bottom of the composite device base (29) and has three horizontal observation bubbles (272), and the horizontal observation bubbles (272) in the horizontal testing system (27) are placed on the upper part of the device placement platform (28).

7. A measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 6, characterized in that: The real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor (25) comprises two upper and lower sensors, the upper one being attached to the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container turning bracket (22) and the lower one being placed above the device placement platform (28).

8. The measuring method of the measuring device for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 Preparation before work 1) First, select a stable and open location and place the measuring device below the runoff area to be monitored, ensuring that the sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area can completely pass through the entrance of the protective cover (3); 2) Leveling the measuring device by adjusting the height adjustment support (271) of the level test system (27), and observing the level observation bubble (272) during the adjustment process until the level observation bubble (272) is located at the center; S2 Workflow 3) The sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area enter the device through the entrance of the protective cover (3), and first pass through the filter funnel (111). The upper filter net (1111) of the filter funnel (111) performs preliminary filtration on the sediment mixture. After being filtered by the upper filter net (1111), the lower filter net (1112) with a finer surface at the lower layer completely filters the sediment, thereby achieving complete separation of the sand and water. After complete separation, the sediment measuring device (1) measures the weight of the filtered sediment, and transmits the weight to the sensor monitoring platform through the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor (25) and records the weight; 4) After the water and the sediment are completely separated by the filtering funnel (111), the water enters the water measuring device (2) through the water receiving funnel (21), and the water flows into the double tipping bucket container (23) through the water receiving funnel (21). When one of the fixed capacity containers (231) of the double tipping bucket container (23) is filled, the double tipping bucket container (23) is turned over, and the water continues to flow into the other fixed capacity container (231) until it is full. The cycle is repeated, and during this process, the counterweight (232) and the adjustment knob of the double tipping bucket container (23) are adjusted. The two fixed-capacity containers (231) are turned over normally and the water storage amounts of the two fixed-capacity containers (231) are ensured to be the same; during the entire operation of the double-tipping bucket container (23), the real-time water volume monitoring intelligent sensor (25) arranged on the outer wall of the double-tipping bucket container turning bracket (22) and the upper part of the device placement platform (28) will detect the number of times the double-tipping bucket container (23) is turned over in real time, and the weight of the water is calculated in real time through the water volume calculation formula: water volume = fixed-capacity container (231) × number of times the double-tipping bucket container (23) is turned over; 5) The water with the measured weight flows into two funnels (261) in the drainage system (26) and is discharged through the drainage pipe (262). At this time, the measuring device completes the detection of the sediment and water generated by erosion in the runoff area.

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