Impact type drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact type drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, a plurality of mounting bottom plates are uniformly and fixedly arranged on a circle of the bottom of an annular containing seat, two ground nails penetrate through each mounting bottom plate, and a plurality of placing boxes are uniformly and fixedly arranged on a circle of the side wall of the annular containing seat; and a plurality of U-shaped clamping seats are uniformly and fixedly arranged on a circle of the top of the annular accommodating seat. According to the impact type drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, through cooperation of the impact drill bit, the impact drill rod, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism, in the process that the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod are impacted downwards through an external impact hammer, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism are matched with each other, and the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod are guided; the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod can penetrate through a rock-soil layer below all the time in the preset direction which is vertically downward, drilling operation is conducted, deflection is avoided, and drilling quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil drilling, and in particular to an impact drilling device and method based on rock and soil engineering. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the field of geotechnical engineering, the increasing number of projects such as tunnel construction, mining and geological exploration has increased the requirements for drilling technology. The impact drilling device has shown excellent performance in hard rock and complex formations with its powerful crushing ability and good adaptability, becoming an indispensable tool in the field of geotechnical engineering.

[0003] The vibration impact drilling device disclosed in the patent application with reference publication number CN208749284U is characterized by providing a buffer that can be extended and retracted left and right between the left fixed pulley and the right fixed pulley, and the wire rope is connected to the vibration impact drill bit by passing through the buffer pulley connected to the buffer. In this way, when the vibration impact drill bit is working, the excessive impact force generated will be partially absorbed by the buffer without causing a large impact on the motor, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire equipment. It can be seen that the operation is reliable, the operation is simple, light, and the sampling is fast, which solves the actual production difficulties of field sampling work.

[0004] Comprehensive analysis of the above reference patents shows the following defects: Existing impact drilling devices and methods based on geotechnical engineering are usually composed of a power mechanism, a traction mechanism, an impact hammer, an impact drill bit and an impact drill rod, wherein the power mechanism and the traction mechanism cooperate to pull the impact hammer downward intermittently, and impact the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod downward to perform drilling operations. During the drilling process, it is difficult to stably and effectively guide impact drill bits and impact drill rods of various outer diameters, resulting in the drill bit and the drill rod being easily deviated from the preset vertical direction when being impacted downward, thereby affecting the drilling quality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, which solves the problem that during the drilling process, it is difficult to stably and effectively guide impact drill bits and impact drill rods of various outer diameters, resulting in the drill bits and drill rods being easily deviated from the preset vertical direction when being impacted downward, thereby affecting the drilling quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, comprising: An impact drill bit is used to penetrate rock and soil layers for drilling operations. The top of the impact drill bit is threadedly connected to an impact drill rod, and the impact drill rod is used to transmit power to the impact drill bit; A guide mechanism is placed on the rock ground and is used to guide the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, wherein the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod run through the middle of the guide mechanism; The calibration mechanism is used to calibrate the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod during drilling, and the calibration mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the guide mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the guiding mechanism comprises an annular accommodating seat, a plurality of mounting base plates are evenly and fixedly arranged on the bottom of the annular accommodating seat, two ground nails are penetrated inside each of the mounting base plates, a plurality of placement boxes are evenly and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the annular accommodating seat, a plurality of U-shaped sockets are evenly and fixedly arranged on the top of the annular accommodating seat, a circle of positioning holes is evenly opened on the top front end of the annular accommodating seat, an adjustment assembly is arranged inside the annular accommodating seat, and a plurality of guide frame assemblies are evenly arranged on the inside of the annular accommodating seat.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a plurality of racks, each of which slides through the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat and the interior of the corresponding placement box, a gear ring is rotatably arranged between the lower side walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat, and a plurality of first gears are rotatably arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat, the lower parts of the plurality of first gears are meshed with the gear ring, and the upper part of each of the first gears is meshed with the corresponding rack.

[0009] Preferably, a second gear is rotatably provided between the upper and lower walls of the front inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat, the second gear is meshed with the gear ring, a shaft is fixedly provided on the top of the second gear, the top of the shaft rotates and passes through the top of the annular accommodating seat and a handwheel is fixedly provided, the external fixed sleeve of the shaft is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is located between the annular accommodating seat and the handwheel, a pin is slidably passed through one side of the top of the connecting plate, and the bottom of the pin passes through one of the positioning holes.

[0010] Preferably, each of the guide frame assemblies comprises an L-shaped plate, wherein the side of the L-shaped plate close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rack, and a limiting plate is fixedly provided on the side of the L-shaped plate close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat, and the limiting plate slides through the corresponding U-shaped socket, and a plurality of first scale lines are evenly arranged on the top of the limiting plate.

[0011] Preferably, arc-shaped guide plates are fixedly provided on the upper and lower parts of the side of the L-shaped plate away from the limiting plate, a plurality of ball bearings are evenly rotated on the side of the arc-shaped guide plate away from the L-shaped plate, a first U-shaped guide rail is fixedly provided on the top of the L-shaped plate, and a second U-shaped guide rail is provided on the top of the first U-shaped guide rail via two locking bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the calibration mechanism includes a calibration cover body, a side wall of the calibration cover body is uniformly threaded with multiple locking screws, a side wall of the calibration cover body is uniformly fixed with multiple connecting sleeves, the multiple connecting sleeves and the multiple locking screws are alternately distributed, and a square rod is slidably penetrated in each connecting sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a calibration block is fixedly provided at one end of each square rod away from the calibration cover body, and each calibration block slides through the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail and the second U-shaped guide rail. A number of through holes are evenly opened in the square rod, and a positioning bolt is threaded through one side of each connecting sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the positioning bolt is threadedly inserted into the corresponding through hole, the top of the calibration cover is detachably provided with an anti-impact block, a plurality of second scale lines are provided on the side wall of each of the square rods, and a plurality of marking lines are evenly provided on the surface of the locking screw, which are used to mark the position of the locking screw.

[0015] The present invention also provides an impact drilling method based on geotechnical engineering, using an impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, and the specific method includes the following steps: Step 1, install the guide mechanism to the designated position on the rock ground, and then manually operate the adjustment component to adjust the spacing between the multiple guide frame components, so that the multiple guide frame components are close to each other or far away from each other at the same time, until the multiple guide frame components are adjusted to the designated position, so that they are suitable for the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod of the corresponding outer diameter, and then put the calibration mechanism on the top of the impact drill bit, adjust the calibration mechanism, and lock the impact drill bit in the middle of the inner cavity of the calibration mechanism, and then adjust the calibration mechanism again, so that after the impact drill bit is inserted between the multiple guide frame components, the calibration mechanism can slide through the tops of the multiple guide frame components, wherein the outer wall of the impact drill bit contacts the lower inner wall of the multiple guide frame components; Step 2: Then, use an external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism downward, thereby impacting the impact drill bit downward. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies and the calibration mechanism cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit, so that the impact drill bit vertically penetrates the rock and soil layer below to perform drilling operations. After impacting downward for a certain distance, the calibration mechanism is removed from the top of the impact drill bit; Step three, then screw the impact drill rod onto the top of the impact drill bit, and then reinstall the calibration mechanism on the top of the impact drill rod, while sliding the calibration mechanism through the tops of multiple guide frame assemblies, and then continue to use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism downward, and impacts the impact drill rod and the impact drill bit downward together. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies and the calibration mechanism cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill rod, so that the impact drill rod and the impact drill bit vertically penetrate the rock and soil layer below to continue the drilling operation. Beneficial Effects

[0016] The present invention provides an impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, through the cooperation between the impact drill bit, the impact drill rod, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism, in the process of using an external impact hammer to impact the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod downward, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, so that the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod can always penetrate the rock and soil layer below in a preset vertical downward direction to perform drilling operations, avoid deflection, and improve the quality of drilling. 2. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, through the mutual cooperation between the annular accommodating seat, the positioning hole, the adjustment assembly and the guide frame assembly, only the pin is pulled upward to release the lock on the second gear, and then the hand wheel is turned to drive the second gear to rotate, thereby rotating the gear ring, and at the same time driving multiple first gears to rotate, thereby driving multiple racks to approach each other or move away from each other at the same time, realizing rapid adjustment of the spacing between multiple guide frame assemblies, so that it can be suitable for impact drill bits and impact drill rods with various outer diameters, and can guide impact drill bits and impact drill rods with various outer diameters. The operation is convenient and efficient, and the application range is wide.

[0017] 3. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering. Through the cooperation among an arc guide plate, a ball, a first U-shaped guide rail, a second U-shaped guide rail and a calibration block, during the process of impacting the drill bit and the drill rod downward, the calibration block always slides downward along the first U-shaped guide rail and the second U-shaped guide rail, and then cooperates with multiple arc guide plates to calibrate and guide the drill bit and the drill rod, so that the drill bit and the drill rod can move downward stably along a preset path. During the downward movement of the drill bit and the drill rod, the friction between the drill bit and the drill rod and the arc guide plate is greatly reduced under the action of the ball, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0018] 4. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, through the mutual cooperation between the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail and the locking bolt, can increase or decrease the number of the second U-shaped guide rails in a targeted manner according to the length change of the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, so as to cooperate with the impact drill bits and impact drill rods of different lengths, and realize the normal calibration and guidance of impact drill bits and impact drill rods of various lengths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of the present invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is a cutaway perspective view of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of the annular receiving seat of the present invention; Figure 8 A perspective view of the adjustment assembly of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of a guide frame assembly of the present invention; Fig.10 is an exploded view of the guide frame assembly of the present invention; Fig.11 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second U-shaped guide rail of the present invention; Fig.12 is a three-dimensional diagram of the calibration mechanism of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a sectional stereoscopic diagram of the calibration mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, impact drill bit; 2, impact drill rod; 3, guide mechanism; 31, annular receiving seat; 32, mounting base; 33, ground nail; 34, placement box; 35, U-shaped card seat; 36, positioning hole; 37, adjustment assembly; 371, rack; 372, gear ring; 373, first gear; 374, second gear; 375, shaft; 376, hand wheel; 377, connecting plate; 378, latch; 38, guide frame assembly; 3 81. L-shaped plate; 382. limit plate; 383. first scale line; 384. arc-shaped guide plate; 385. ball bearing; 386. first U-shaped guide rail; 387. second U-shaped guide rail; 388. locking bolt; 4. calibration mechanism; 41. calibration cover; 42. locking screw; 43. connecting sleeve; 44. square rod; 45. calibration block; 46. through hole; 47. positioning bolt; 48. impact-resistant block; 49. second scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides two technical solutions: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A first embodiment is shown: an impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, comprising: The impact drill bit 1 is used to penetrate the rock and soil layer for drilling operations. The top of the impact drill bit 1 is threadedly connected with an impact drill rod 2, and the impact drill rod 2 is used to transmit power to the impact drill bit 1; A guide mechanism 3 is placed on the rock ground and is used to guide the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2. The impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 run through the middle of the guide mechanism 3. The calibration mechanism 4 is used to calibrate the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 during drilling. The calibration mechanism 4 is arranged on the upper part of the guide mechanism 3.

[0023] Through the mutual cooperation among the impact drill bit 1, the impact drill rod 2, the guide mechanism 3 and the calibration mechanism 4, when the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 are impacted downward by an external impact hammer, the guide mechanism 3 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 can always follow the preset vertical downward direction, penetrate the rock and soil layer below, perform drilling operations, avoid deflection, and improve the quality of drilling.

[0024] like Figures 3 to 13A second embodiment is shown, which mainly differs from the first embodiment in that: an impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, the guide mechanism 3 includes an annular accommodating seat 31, a plurality of mounting base plates 32 are evenly fixedly arranged on the bottom of the annular accommodating seat 31, and two ground nails 33 are penetrated inside each mounting base plate 32, a plurality of placement boxes 34 are evenly fixedly arranged on the side wall of the annular accommodating seat 31, a plurality of U-shaped card seats 35 are evenly fixedly arranged on the top of the annular accommodating seat 31, a circle of positioning holes 36 are evenly opened on the top front end of the annular accommodating seat 31, an adjustment component 37 is arranged inside the annular accommodating seat 31, and a plurality of guide frame components 38 are evenly arranged inside the annular accommodating seat 31, and the adjustment component 37 includes a plurality of Rack 371, each rack 371 slides through the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat 31 and the inside of the corresponding placement box 34, a gear ring 372 is rotatably arranged between the side walls of the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat 31, a plurality of first gears 373 are rotatably arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat 31, the lower parts of the plurality of first gears 373 are meshed with the gear ring 372, the upper part of each first gear 373 is meshed with the corresponding rack 371, a second gear 374 is rotatably arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity front of the annular accommodating seat 31, the second gear 374 is meshed with the gear ring 372, a shaft rod 375 is fixedly arranged on the top of the second gear 374, the top of the shaft rod 375 rotates through the top of the annular accommodating seat 31 and a hand wheel is fixedly arranged 376, the outer fixed sleeve of the shaft 375 is provided with a connecting plate 377, the connecting plate 377 is located between the annular receiving seat 31 and the hand wheel 376, and a latch 378 is slidably penetrated on one side of the top of the connecting plate 377, and the bottom of the latch 378 penetrates one of the positioning holes 36. Each guide frame assembly 38 includes an L-shaped plate 381, and the side of the L-shaped plate 381 close to the inner wall of the annular receiving seat 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rack 371, and the side of the L-shaped plate 381 close to the inner wall of the annular receiving seat 31 is fixedly provided with a limiting plate 382, ​​and the limiting plate 382 slides through the corresponding U-shaped card seat 35, and the top of the limiting plate 382 is evenly provided with a plurality of first scale lines 383, and the upper and lower parts of the side of the L-shaped plate 381 away from the limiting plate 382 are An arc-shaped guide plate 384 is fixedly provided, and a plurality of balls 385 are evenly rotated on one side of the arc-shaped guide plate 384 away from the L-shaped plate 381. A first U-shaped guide rail 386 is fixedly provided on the top of the L-shaped plate 381, and a second U-shaped guide rail 387 is provided on the top of the first U-shaped guide rail 386 through two locking bolts 388. The calibration mechanism 4 includes a calibration cover 41, and a plurality of locking screws 42 are uniformly threaded through a circle of the side wall of the calibration cover 41, and a plurality of connecting sleeves 43 are evenly fixedly provided on a circle of the side wall of the calibration cover 41, and the plurality of connecting sleeves 43 and the plurality of locking screws 42 are alternately distributed, and a square rod 44 is slidably penetrated in each connecting sleeve 43, and a calibration block 45 is fixedly provided on one end of each square rod 44 away from the calibration cover 41.Each calibration block 45 slides through the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail 386 and the second U-shaped guide rail 387. A plurality of through holes 46 are evenly provided in the square rod 44. A positioning bolt 47 is threaded through one side of each connection sleeve 43. One end of the positioning bolt 47 is threaded through the corresponding through hole 46. An anti-impact block 48 is detachably provided on the top of the calibration cover 41. A plurality of second scale lines 49 are provided on the side wall of each square rod 44. A plurality of marking lines are evenly provided on the surface of the locking screw 42, and the marking lines are used to mark the position of the locking screw 42.

[0025] Through the cooperation among the annular receiving seat 31, the positioning hole 36, the adjustment assembly 37 and the guide frame assembly 38, it is only necessary to pull the pin 378 upwards to release the lock on the second gear 374, and then turn the hand wheel 376 to drive the second gear 374 to rotate, thereby causing the gear ring 372 to rotate, and at the same time driving the plurality of first gears 373 to rotate, thereby driving the plurality of racks 371 to approach each other or move away from each other at the same time, thereby realizing rapid adjustment of the spacing between the plurality of guide frame assemblies 38, so that it can be suitable for impact drill bits 1 and impact drill rods 2 of various outer diameters, and can guide impact drill bits 1 and impact drill rods 2 of various outer diameters. The operation is convenient and efficient, and the application range is wide. Through the cooperation among the arc guide plate 384, the ball 385, the first U-shaped guide rail 386, the second U-shaped guide rail 387 and the calibration block 45, the process of impacting the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 downward is In the embodiment, the calibration block 45 always slides downward along the first U-shaped guide rail 386 and the second U-shaped guide rail 387, and then cooperates with multiple arc-shaped guide plates 384 to calibrate and guide the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 can move downward stably along the preset path. During the downward movement of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, under the action of the ball 385, the friction between the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 and the arc-shaped guide plate 384 is greatly reduced, thereby extending the service life of the device. Through the mutual cooperation between the first U-shaped guide rail 386, the second U-shaped guide rail 387 and the locking bolt 388, the number of the second U-shaped guide rails 387 can be targetedly increased or decreased according to the length change of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so as to cooperate with the impact drill bits 1 and the impact drill rod 2 of different lengths, and realize the normal calibration and guidance of the impact drill bits 1 and the impact drill rod 2 of various lengths.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a geotechnical engineering-based impact drilling method, which uses a geotechnical engineering-based impact drilling device. The specific method includes the following steps: Step 1: Use multiple ground nails 33 to install the annular receiving seat 31 to the specified position on the rock ground, and then manually operate the adjustment assembly 37 to adjust the spacing between the multiple guide frame assemblies 38. During the adjustment process, first pull the pin 378 upward to release the lock on the second gear 374, and then turn the hand wheel 376 to drive the second gear 374 to rotate, thereby causing the gear ring 372 to rotate, and at the same time drive the multiple first gears 373 to rotate, thereby driving the multiple racks 371 to approach each other or move away from each other at the same time, that is, pull the multiple guide frame assemblies 38 to approach each other or move away from each other at the same time, until the multiple guide frame assemblies 38 are adjusted to the specified position so that they are suitable for the impact drill bit 1 with the corresponding outer diameter. Then, the calibration cover 41 is put on the top of the impact drill bit 1, and each locking screw 42 is screwed in turn, while observing the marking line on the locking screw 42, and the upper part of the impact drill bit 1 is pressed against the calibration cover 41 by using multiple locking screws 42, so that the top of the impact drill bit 1 is located in the middle position of the inner cavity of the calibration cover 41, and then each positioning bolt 47 is screwed off in turn, and the second scale line 49 is observed, and the calibration block 45 is adjusted to the desired position, and then the positioning bolt 47 is used to re-lock the position of the calibration block 45, and then the impact drill bit 1 is inserted between the multiple arc guide plates 384, and then each calibration block 45 on the calibration mechanism 4 slides through the corresponding second U-shaped guide rail 387 respectively; Step 2: Then, use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism 4 downward, thereby impacting the impact drill bit 1 downward. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies 38 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit 1, so that the impact drill bit 1 vertically penetrates the rock and soil layer below to perform drilling operations. After impacting downward for a distance, the calibration block 45 slides to the lower part of the inner cavity of the first U-shaped guide rail 386, and then the calibration mechanism 4 is removed from the top of the impact drill bit 1; Step three, then screw the impact drill rod 2 onto the top of the impact drill bit 1, wherein the outer diameters of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 are the same, and then reinstall the calibration mechanism 4 on the top of the impact drill rod 2, so that the top of the impact drill rod 2 is located in the middle position of the inner cavity of the calibration cover 41, and at the same time, the calibration blocks 45 on the calibration mechanism 4 are respectively located at the upper part of the inner cavity corresponding to the second U-shaped guide rail 387, and then start the external power mechanism again, pull the external impact hammer, and use the impact hammer to intermittently impact the top of the calibration mechanism 4 downward, so that the impact drill rod 2 and the impact drill bit 1 are impacted downward together. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies 38 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill rod 2 and the impact drill bit 1 vertically penetrate the rock and soil layer below, and continue the drilling operation.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, characterized in that: include: An impact drill bit (1) is used to penetrate rock and soil layers for drilling operations, the top of the impact drill bit (1) is threadedly connected to an impact drill rod (2), and the impact drill rod (2) is used to transmit power to the impact drill bit (1); A guide mechanism (3) is placed on the rock ground and is used to guide the impact drill bit (1) and the impact drill rod (2), wherein the impact drill bit (1) and the impact drill rod (2) pass through the middle of the guide mechanism (3); The calibration mechanism (4) is used to calibrate the impact drill bit (1) and the impact drill rod (2) during drilling, and the calibration mechanism (4) is arranged on the upper part of the guide mechanism (3).

2. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism (3) comprises an annular accommodating seat (31), a plurality of mounting base plates (32) are evenly fixedly arranged around the bottom of the annular accommodating seat (31), two ground nails (33) are penetrated inside each of the mounting base plates (32), a plurality of placement boxes (34) are evenly fixedly arranged around the side wall of the annular accommodating seat (31), a plurality of U-shaped card seats (35) are evenly fixedly arranged around the top of the annular accommodating seat (31), a circle of positioning holes (36) are evenly opened at the top front end of the annular accommodating seat (31), an adjustment assembly (37) is arranged inside the annular accommodating seat (31), and a plurality of guide frame assemblies (38) are evenly arranged around the inside of the annular accommodating seat (31).

3. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (37) includes a plurality of racks (371), each of which slides through the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat (31) and the interior of the corresponding placement box (34), a gear ring (372) is rotatably arranged between the lower side walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat (31), and a plurality of first gears (373) are rotatably arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat (31), the lower parts of the plurality of first gears (373) are meshed with the gear ring (372), and the upper part of each first gear (373) is meshed with the corresponding rack (371).

4. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second gear (374) is rotatably arranged between the upper and lower walls of the front inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat (31); the second gear (374) is meshed with the gear ring (372); a shaft (375) is fixedly arranged on the top of the second gear (374); the top of the shaft (375) rotatably passes through the top of the annular accommodating seat (31) and is fixedly provided with a hand wheel (376); an external fixed sleeve of the shaft (375) is provided with a connecting plate (377); the connecting plate (377) is located between the annular accommodating seat (31) and the hand wheel (376); a latch (378) is slidably penetrated on one side of the top of the connecting plate (377); the bottom of the latch (378) passes through one of the positioning holes (36).

5. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the guide frame assemblies (38) comprises an L-shaped plate (381), wherein a side of the L-shaped plate (381) close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rack (371), and a limiting plate (382) is fixedly provided on a side of the L-shaped plate (381) close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat (31), wherein the limiting plate (382) slides through the corresponding U-shaped holder (35), and a plurality of first scale lines (383) are evenly arranged on the top of the limiting plate (382).

6. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the side of the L-shaped plate (381) away from the limiting plate (382) are fixedly provided with arc-shaped guide plates (384); the side of the arc-shaped guide plate (384) away from the L-shaped plate (381) is evenly rotatably provided with a plurality of balls (385); a first U-shaped guide rail (386) is fixedly provided at the top of the L-shaped plate (381); a second U-shaped guide rail (387) is provided at the top of the first U-shaped guide rail (386) via two locking bolts (388).

7. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calibration mechanism (4) comprises a calibration cover (41), a side wall of the calibration cover (41) having a circle of uniform threads through which a plurality of locking screws (42) are inserted, a side wall of the calibration cover (41) having a circle of uniformly fixedly provided with a plurality of connection sleeves (43), the plurality of connection sleeves (43) and the plurality of locking screws (42) being alternately distributed, and a square rod (44) slidably inserted into each connection sleeve (43).

8. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: A calibration block (45) is fixedly provided at one end of each square rod (44) away from the calibration cover (41), and each calibration block (45) is slidably inserted between the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail (386) and the second U-shaped guide rail (387). A plurality of through holes (46) are evenly provided in the square rod (44), and a positioning bolt (47) is threadedly inserted through one side of each connection sleeve (43).

9. The impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the positioning bolt (47) is threadedly inserted into the corresponding through hole (46); a removable impact-resistant block (48) is provided on the top of the calibration cover (41); a plurality of second scale lines (49) are provided on the side wall of each square rod (44); and a plurality of marking lines are evenly provided on the surface of the locking screw (42), and the marking lines are used to mark the position of the locking screw (42).

10. An impact drilling method based on geotechnical engineering, characterized in that: Using the geotechnical engineering-based impact drilling device as claimed in claim 2, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, installing the guide mechanism (3) at a designated position on the rock ground, and then manually operating the adjustment component (37) to adjust the spacing between the plurality of guide frame components (38) so that the plurality of guide frame components (38) are simultaneously close to each other or simultaneously away from each other, until the plurality of guide frame components (38) are adjusted to the designated position so that they are suitable for the impact drill bit (1) and the impact drill rod (2) of corresponding outer diameter, and then the calibration mechanism (4) is sleeved on the top of the impact drill bit (1), and the calibration mechanism (4) is adjusted to lock the impact drill bit (1) in the middle of the inner cavity of the calibration mechanism (4), and then the calibration mechanism (4) is adjusted again so that after the impact drill bit (1) is inserted between the plurality of guide frame components (38), the calibration mechanism (4) can slide through between the tops of the plurality of guide frame components (38), wherein the outer wall of the impact drill bit (1) contacts the lower inner wall of the plurality of guide frame components (38); Step 2: Then, an external power mechanism is used to pull an external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism (4) downward, thereby impacting the impact drill bit (1) downward. During the process, the plurality of guide frame assemblies (38) and the calibration mechanism (4) cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit (1), so that the impact drill bit (1) vertically penetrates the rock and soil layer below to perform drilling operations. After impacting downward for a certain distance, the calibration mechanism (4) is removed from the top of the impact drill bit (1); Step 3: Then screw the impact drill rod (2) onto the top of the impact drill bit (1), and then reinstall the calibration mechanism (4) on the top of the impact drill rod (2), while making the calibration mechanism (4) slide through the tops of the multiple guide frame assemblies (38), and then continue to use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism (4) downward, and impacts the impact drill rod (2) and the impact drill bit (1) together. During the process, the multiple guide frame assemblies (38) and the calibration mechanism (4) cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill rod (2), so that the impact drill rod (2) and the impact drill bit (1) vertically penetrate the rock and soil layer below, and continue the drilling operation.

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