Steelmaking flue gas recovery waste heat utilization equipment and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses steelmaking flue gas recovery and waste heat utilization equipment and a use method, and relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery. Dust in the steelmaking flue gas can be filtered through the filter cartridge before the flue gas enters the heat exchange mechanism, and then the clean flue gas is conveyed into the heat exchange mechanism, so that the inner wall of the heat exchange barrel can be kept in a clean state all the time, the dust in the steelmaking flue gas is prevented from being attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange barrel, heat transfer is prevented from being hindered, and the service life of the steelmaking flue gas is prolonged. The smoke dust scraping assembly can scrape off smoke dust attached to the inner wall of the filter cartridge, the self-cleaning effect can be achieved while the heat of the steelmaking smoke gas is recycled, and therefore the good filtering effect of the filter cartridge is always kept, and the scraped-off smoke dust can be collected in a centralized mode under pushing of an auger. When high-temperature flue gas passes through the heat exchange assemblies, the heat exchange assemblies can rotate around the axes of the heat exchange assemblies, so that surrounding clear water is disturbed, clear water at different positions is stirred and mixed, and water temperature areas at different positions are consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery, and in particular to a steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of melting and refining steel using a converter, air is blown into the molten pool inside the converter, producing an oxidation reaction that oxidizes impurities such as carbon in the furnace into waste gas, thereby forging purer steel; Among them, the flue gas generated in the steelmaking process contains a large amount of heat, and direct emission will cause waste of heat energy. Therefore, the flue gas waste heat recovery equipment is used to convert the heat carried by the flue gas into usable heat through heat exchange, effectively recovering and utilizing the waste heat in the flue gas, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing production costs. It plays a vital role in the steelmaking industry.

[0003] A heat treatment device for a synthesis furnace that can recover waste heat is disclosed in a patent application with reference to the publication number CN217483270U. The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the synthesis furnace enters into a plurality of heat exchange tubes through an air inlet, and the heat exchange tubes transfer heat to the water in the waste heat recovery box. The output shaft of the motor drives the screw to rotate. The rotation of the screw can drive the movable body to reciprocate. The bristles can clean the surface of the heat exchange tube and remove the scale on the surface of the heat exchange tube, thereby avoiding the problem of poor thermal conductivity of the heat exchange tube due to the presence of scale.

[0004] A comprehensive analysis of the above patents reveals the following defects: There is often a lot of dust mixed in the high-temperature flue gas. When the high-temperature flue gas passes through the heat exchange tube, the dust mixed in the flue gas is easy to adhere to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, gradually forming a layer of dust shell structure, which hinders the effective transfer of heat, resulting in the heat in the high-temperature flue gas being unable to pass through the heat exchange tube wall and the clean water for heat exchange, thus making it impossible to effectively recycle the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas; Secondly, based on the principle of heat conduction, the closer to the heat exchange tube, the higher the temperature, so that the water temperature near the heat exchange tube is higher than the water temperature at other locations, and it is impossible to stir and mix the clean water at different locations to make the water temperature areas at different locations consistent. Moreover, when the water temperature near the heat exchange tube is close to the high-temperature flue gas temperature, the heat in the flue gas and the heat exchange rate of the clean water in this area will gradually decrease, making it difficult to achieve sufficient heat exchange between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water in a short time, so that the flue gas still carrying a large amount of heat is directly discharged, and the heat in the flue gas cannot be fully recycled, resulting in a waste of heat energy. Therefore, the present invention proposes a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device and a method for using the device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device and a method for using the device, which solves the problem that a large amount of dust is currently mixed in the high-temperature flue gas. When the high-temperature flue gas passes through the heat exchange tube, the smoke mixed in the flue gas is easily attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, gradually forming a layer of smoke shell structure, which hinders the effective transfer of heat, resulting in the heat in the high-temperature flue gas being unable to pass through the heat exchange tube wall and exchange heat with clean water, thereby resulting in the inability to effectively recover and utilize the high-temperature flue gas waste heat; the water temperature near the heat exchange tube is higher than the water temperature at other locations, making it difficult to stir and mix the clean water at different locations to make the water temperature areas consistent; when the water temperature near the heat exchange tube is close to the high-temperature flue gas temperature, the heat in the flue gas and the heat exchange rate of the clean water in this area will gradually decrease, making it difficult to achieve sufficient heat exchange between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water in a short time, so that the flue gas still carrying a large amount of heat is directly discharged, thereby failing to fully recover and utilize the heat in the flue gas, resulting in a waste of heat energy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device, comprising: The water storage mechanism is filled with clean water, through which the clean water exchanges heat with the steelmaking flue gas to complete the conversion from cold water to hot water; The flue gas dust removal mechanism is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism, and is used to be connected to the exhaust port of the steelmaking converter, and to perform dust removal treatment on the input steelmaking flue gas, and to input the purified steelmaking flue gas into the interior of the water storage mechanism; The exhaust mechanism is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism away from the flue gas dust removal mechanism, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into kinetic energy of axial rotation, so as to provide energy support for the operation of the steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment; The heat exchange mechanism is arranged inside the water storage mechanism. The two ends of the heat exchange mechanism are respectively connected to the flue gas dust removal mechanism and the exhaust mechanism. It is used to receive the clean steelmaking flue gas input by the flue gas dust removal mechanism. The steelmaking flue gas completes heat exchange with clean water inside the heat exchange mechanism, and then the cooled steelmaking flue gas is transported to the exhaust mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the water storage mechanism includes an insulated water tank and installation port one and installation port two respectively opened at both ends of the insulated water tank, a partition is fixedly arranged on one side of the interior of the insulated water tank, the partition divides the internal space of the insulated water tank into a heat exchange chamber and a preheating chamber respectively, a fixed gap is arranged between the top of the partition and the top of the inner cavity of the insulated water tank, the fixed gap forms an overflow port, and clean water flows from the preheating chamber to the heat exchange chamber through the overflow port, and a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe connected to the preheating chamber and the heat exchange chamber are respectively fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the insulated water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the flue gas dust removal mechanism includes a protective cover one and a steelmaking fume inlet and a steelmaking fume outlet respectively opened at both ends of the protective cover one. A dust filter unit for filtering dust in the steelmaking fume is arranged on the outer wall of the protective cover one and at a position opposite to the steelmaking fume outlet. A dust collecting unit for centrally collecting the steelmaking fume dust filtered by the dust filter unit is arranged inside the protective cover one.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust collecting unit includes a smoke conveying pipe fixedly arranged inside a protective cover, a conical bucket for preventing smoke from moving upward is fixedly arranged inside the smoke conveying pipe, an auger is rotatably arranged on the side of the smoke conveying pipe away from the conical bucket through a bracket, a gear is fixedly arranged on the end of the auger away from the steelmaking fume inlet, and a collection box for collecting steelmaking fume dust is detachably arranged at the bottom of the protective cover and directly below the conical bucket.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust filter unit includes a cylinder body detachably mounted on an outer wall of the protective cover by bolts, a filter cartridge is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder body by a bracket, and a smoke scraping assembly for scraping smoke on the inner wall of the filter cartridge is arranged inside the filter cartridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the smoke scraping assembly includes a smoke collecting barrel rotatably arranged inside the filter barrel, and an elongated through hole is opened on one side of the outer wall of the smoke collecting barrel, and a guide hopper for facilitating the entry of steelmaking smoke dust is fixedly arranged inside the elongated through hole, and a scraper for scraping steelmaking smoke dust on the inner wall of the filter barrel is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the smoke collecting barrel and located on one side of the elongated through hole, and a hexagonal shaft 1 is fixedly penetrated inside the smoke collecting barrel, and a gear 2 meshingly connected to gear 1 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the hexagonal shaft 1 and located inside the smoke collecting barrel.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat exchange mechanism includes a plurality of heat exchange components arranged in a circular array, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged at the center position of the plurality of heat exchange components, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged inside the thermal insulation water tank through a bracket, a connecting sleeve 1 and a connecting sleeve 2 are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft, and a gear disk for driving the plurality of heat exchange components to rotate synchronously is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft and near the connecting sleeve 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange component includes a heat exchange tube, an outer wall of which is fixedly sleeved with a gear three meshing with a gear plate, and the interior of the heat exchange tube is fixedly provided with sealing plates one, two and three from left to right, respectively, and the sealing plates one, two and three divide the internal cavity of the heat exchange tube into four relatively independent spaces, namely, air cavity one, air cavity two, air cavity three and air cavity four, and the air cavity one and air cavity two, the air cavity two and air cavity three, and the air cavity three and air cavity four are all connected by a plurality of arc-shaped heat conduction pipes.

[0014] Furthermore, the exhaust mechanism includes a protective cover 2 and a clean steelmaking fume inlet and a clean steelmaking fume outlet respectively arranged at both ends of the protective cover 2, a Laval tube for accelerating the gas flow rate at the clean steelmaking fume outlet is fixedly arranged inside the protective cover 2, a transmission is fixedly arranged at a position near the clean steelmaking fume inlet inside the Laval tube through a mounting bracket, a long shaft is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission, the long shaft extends to the position of the clean steelmaking fume outlet and is fixedly arranged with fan blades, and a hexagonal shaft 2 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the transmission.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for using a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, connect the water inlet port of the water storage mechanism to an external clean water source, connect the drainage port to a water storage tank with a heat-insulating structure, and output the flue gas generated during steelmaking in the steelmaking converter through the exhaust port. Since the exhaust port is connected to the fan through a pipeline, the fan extracts the steelmaking flue gas and transports it to the flue gas dust removal mechanism. The flue gas dust removal mechanism filters the mixed dust in the steelmaking flue gas and collects the filtered dust in a centralized manner. Step 2: The clean steelmaking flue gas after dust removal enters the heat exchange mechanism located inside the water storage mechanism. The steelmaking flue gas with a large amount of heat exchanges heat with the clean water located inside the water storage mechanism through the outer wall of the heat exchange mechanism. The temperature of the steelmaking flue gas drops rapidly, and the clean water inside the water storage mechanism is heated. Step 3: The cooled steelmaking flue gas flows into the exhaust mechanism, which converts the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into energy to drive the heat exchange mechanism to rotate. While the heat exchange mechanism rotates, it stirs the clean water inside the water storage mechanism to keep the water temperature at various positions inside the water storage mechanism consistent.

[0016] The present invention provides a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device and a method of use. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. A steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device and a method for using the same. By setting a fume exhaust mechanism, the fume can use a filter cartridge to filter dust in the steelmaking fume before the fume enters the heat exchange mechanism, and then the clean fume is transported to the heat exchange mechanism, so that the inner wall of the heat exchange cartridge can be kept clean all the time, and the dust in the steelmaking fume can be prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchange cartridge to hinder the heat transfer, and then the heat in the steelmaking fume can be ensured to be quickly transferred to the water through the inner wall of the heat exchange cartridge, so as to achieve the effect of establishing a good heat transfer channel between the clean water and the high-temperature fume, and always maintain the high heat transfer efficiency between the high-temperature fume and the clean water; secondly, by setting a fume scraping component, the fume dust attached to the inner wall of the filter cartridge can be scraped off, so as to achieve the effect of self-cleaning while recovering the heat of the steelmaking fume, and avoid the fume dust from clogging the filter hole, so as to always maintain the good filtering effect of the filter cartridge, and the scraped fume dust can be collected in a centralized manner under the push of the auger, which reduces the difficulty of collecting the fume dust.

[0017] 2. A steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device and a method for using the device. By setting a heat exchange mechanism, when the high-temperature flue gas passes through a plurality of heat exchange cylinders immersed in water, the heat in the flue gas can be transferred to the water through the wall of the heat exchange cylinder, thereby achieving the purpose of transferring the heat in the high-temperature flue gas to the clean water, thereby completing the process of heating the clean water. This process saves the energy required for heating the clean water and achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction; Secondly, when the high-temperature flue gas passes through, the multiple heat exchange components can rotate around their own axes, thereby disturbing the surrounding clean water and stirring and mixing the clean water at different positions, so that the water temperature areas at different positions are consistent. After the water temperature near the heat exchange tube is reduced, based on the principle of heat conduction, the heat transfer rate from the high-temperature flue gas to the clean water is increased, so that the heat value transferred from the high-temperature flue gas to the clean water through the heat exchange tube per unit time is greatly increased, realizing the full recovery and utilization of the heat in the high-temperature flue gas; Furthermore, multiple sealing plates are used in the heat exchange tube to divide the heat exchange tube into multiple air cavities, and each air cavity area is connected by an arc-shaped heat pipe, so that the high-temperature flue gas is constantly obstructed by the sealing plates during the flow, thereby slowing down the flow speed of the high-temperature flue gas and extending the heat exchange time between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water, and the high-temperature flue gas must pass through the arc-shaped heat pipe when flowing between two adjacent air cavities, thereby extending the flow path of the high-temperature flue gas, which not only further increases the heat exchange time between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water, but also increases the heat exchange area between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water, thereby achieving the effect of sufficient heat exchange between the high-temperature flue gas and the clean water, and the multiple arc-shaped heat pipes can act as stirring blades when the heat exchange tube rotates, thereby increasing the disturbance effect on the clean water, so that the clean water temperature in different positions in the insulated water tank is consistent.

[0018] A steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device and a use method thereof, wherein an exhaust mechanism is provided, and a linkage is formed between the exhaust mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, and a fume dust removal mechanism, so that the dust removal operation of the steelmaking fume and the effect of driving the heat exchange mechanism to stir the clean water in the insulation water tank can be synchronously realized while the steelmaking fume flows, so that the steelmaking fume dust removal, fume dust recovery, and heat recovery and utilization of the steelmaking fume are automated; secondly, when the fume is discharged through the exhaust mechanism, a Laval tube is used to accelerate the flow speed of the fume, and the kinetic energy of the fume flow is further converted into kinetic energy for driving the fan blades to rotate, and the kinetic energy output by the exhaust mechanism provides power for the rotation of the heat exchange mechanism and the fume dust removal mechanism to scrape and collect the fume, so there is no need to separately provide a driving device for the operation of the heat exchange mechanism and the fume dust removal mechanism, thereby saving the cost of providing the driving device and making the structure simpler, which is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0019] A steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device and a use method thereof. By arranging a water storage mechanism, clean water injected from the outside can enter the preheating chamber in advance before entering the heat exchange chamber, so that the clean water with a lower temperature first exchanges heat with the steelmaking fume to be discharged from the heat exchange cylinder in the preheating chamber. Since the steelmaking fume to be discharged has exchanged heat with the clean water, the temperature of the steelmaking fume at this time is relatively low and tends to be consistent with the water temperature in the heat exchange chamber, and heat exchange can hardly be achieved. The temperature of the water just injected into the preheating chamber can form a temperature difference with the temperature of the steelmaking fume to be discharged, so that the heat in this part of the steelmaking fume can still be transferred to the clean water just injected and with a relatively low temperature, so that the residual heat in the steelmaking fume can be further recovered. Secondly, although the temperature of the water after preliminary heating in the preheating chamber increases to a certain extent, it still has a large temperature difference with the high-temperature fume just input into the heat exchange cylinder. Therefore, the clean water entering the heat exchange chamber from the preheating chamber can still exchange heat with the high-temperature fume efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in FIG. Figure 5 It is a second cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly state of the Laval tube, the heat exchange mechanism and the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first decomposed state of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second decomposition state of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water storage mechanism of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the flue gas dust removal mechanism of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C in FIG10 of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flue gas dust removal mechanism in a decomposed state of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke scraping assembly of the present invention in the first state; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke scraping assembly of the present invention in the second state; Fig.15 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the heat exchange mechanism of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat exchange mechanism of the present invention; Fig.17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange component of the present invention; Fig.18 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the exhaust mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. water storage mechanism; 11. heat preservation water tank; 12. installation port 1; 13. installation port 2; 14. partition; 15. heat exchange chamber; 16. preheating chamber; 17. water inlet pipe; 18. drainage pipe; 2. flue gas dust removal mechanism; 21. protective cover 1; 22. smoke conveying pipe; 23. conical bucket; 24. auger; 25. gear 1; 26. cylinder; 27. filter cylinder; 28. smoke scraping assembly; 281. smoke collecting cylinder; 282. guide hopper; 283. scraper; 284. hexagonal shaft 1; 285. gear 2; 29. ​​Collection box; 3. Heat exchange mechanism; 31. Heat exchange component; 311. Heat exchange cylinder; 312. Gear three; 313. Sealing plate one; 314. Sealing plate two; 315. Sealing plate three; 316. Air cavity one; 317. Air cavity two; 318. Air cavity three; 319. Air cavity four; 3110. Arc heat pipe; 32. Transmission shaft; 33. Connecting sleeve one; 34. Connecting sleeve two; 35. Toothed disc; 4. Exhaust mechanism; 41. Protective cover two; 42. Laval tube; 43. Transmission; 44. Fan blades; 45. Hexagonal shaft two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 18 The present invention provides four technical solutions: a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device, specifically including the following embodiments: Embodiment 1: A steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device, comprising: The water storage mechanism 1 is filled with clean water, through which the clean water exchanges heat with the steelmaking fume to complete the conversion from cold water to hot water; The flue gas dust removal mechanism 2 is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism 1, and is used to be connected to the exhaust port of the steelmaking converter, and to perform dust removal treatment on the input steelmaking flue gas, and to input the purified steelmaking flue gas into the water storage mechanism 1; a fan is also arranged between the flue gas dust removal mechanism 2 and the exhaust port of the steelmaking converter, and is used to accelerate the flow speed of the steelmaking flue gas to the flue gas dust removal mechanism 2; The exhaust mechanism 4 is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism 1 away from the flue gas dust removal mechanism 2, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into kinetic energy of axial rotation, so as to provide energy support for the operation of the steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment; The heat exchange mechanism 3 is arranged inside the water storage mechanism 1. The two ends of the heat exchange mechanism 3 are respectively connected to the flue gas dust removal mechanism 2 and the exhaust mechanism 4. It is used to receive the clean steelmaking flue gas input by the flue gas dust removal mechanism 2. The steelmaking flue gas completes heat exchange with clean water inside the heat exchange mechanism 3, and then the cooled steelmaking flue gas is transported to the exhaust mechanism 4.

[0024] The water storage mechanism 1 includes an insulated water tank 11 and an installation port 12 and an installation port 2 13 respectively opened at both ends of the insulated water tank 11. A partition 14 is fixedly arranged on one side of the interior of the insulated water tank 11. The partition 14 divides the internal space of the insulated water tank 11 into a heat exchange chamber 15 and a preheating chamber 16 respectively. A fixed gap is arranged between the top of the partition 14 and the top of the inner cavity of the insulated water tank 11. The fixed gap forms an overflow port. Clean water flows from the preheating chamber 16 to the heat exchange chamber 15 through the overflow port. An inlet pipe 17 and a drain pipe 18 connected to the preheating chamber 16 and the heat exchange chamber 15 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the insulated water tank 11. A circular through hole is formed on the partition 14 and the side wall of the insulated water tank 11 near the partition 14. One end of the heat exchange tube 311 is sealed and rotated to pass through the circular through holes on the partition 14 and the side wall of the insulated water tank 11 and extend to the outside; the top of the insulated water tank 11 is a detachable top cover, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the position where the top cover and the insulated water tank 11 are connected.

[0025] Embodiment 2: The main difference between this embodiment and the first technical solution is: a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment, the fume dust removal mechanism 2 includes a protective cover 21 and a steelmaking fume inlet and a steelmaking fume outlet respectively opened at both ends of the protective cover 21, a dust filter unit for filtering dust in the steelmaking fume is arranged on the outer wall of the protective cover 21 and at a position opposite to the steelmaking fume outlet, and a dust collecting unit for centrally collecting the steelmaking fume dust filtered by the dust filter unit is arranged inside the protective cover 21; the protective cover 21 is detachably arranged on the outer wall of the insulated water tank 11 by bolts, the cylinder 26 extends to the inside of the insulated water tank 11 through the installation port 12, the outer diameters of the installation port 12 and the cylinder 26 are matched, and a sealing sleeve is arranged between the cylinder 26 and the installation port 12 to achieve a sealed connection. The dust collecting unit comprises a smoke conveying pipe 22 fixedly arranged inside the protective cover 21, a conical bucket 23 for preventing smoke from moving upward is fixedly arranged inside the smoke conveying pipe 22, an auger 24 is rotatably arranged on the side of the smoke conveying pipe 22 away from the conical bucket 23 through a bracket, a gear 25 is fixedly arranged on the end of the auger 24 away from the steelmaking smoke inlet, and a collecting box 29 for collecting steelmaking smoke dust is detachably arranged at the bottom of the protective cover 21 and directly below the conical bucket 23. The top of the collecting box 29 is an open structure, and the bottom end of the smoke conveying pipe 22 penetrates the protective cover 21 and is connected to the inside of the collecting box 29 through the open structure at the top of the collecting box 29. The dust filtering unit comprises a barrel 26 detachably arranged on the outer wall of the protective cover 21 by bolts, a filter cartridge 27 is fixedly arranged inside the barrel 26 through a bracket, and a smoke scraping assembly 28 for scraping smoke on the inner wall of the filter cartridge 27 is arranged inside the filter cartridge 27. The smoke and dust scraping assembly 28 includes a smoke and dust collecting barrel 281 rotatably arranged inside the filter barrel 27, and an elongated through hole is provided on one side of the outer wall of the smoke and dust collecting barrel 281. A guide hopper 282 is fixedly arranged inside the elongated through hole for facilitating the entry of steelmaking smoke and dust. A scraper 283 for scraping steelmaking smoke and dust on the inner wall of the filter barrel 27 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the smoke and dust collecting barrel 281 and located on one side of the elongated through hole. A hexagonal shaft 1 284 is fixedly penetrated inside the smoke and dust collecting barrel 281, and a gear 2 285 meshingly connected to the gear 1 25 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the hexagonal shaft 1 284 and located inside the smoke and dust collecting barrel 281.The smoke collecting cylinder 281 and the filter cylinder 27 have a common axis; a dust cover is installed on the outside of the gear 285 and the gear 1 25 to prevent the steelmaking smoke and dust from affecting the operation of the two; the filter cylinder 27 is evenly provided with a plurality of air inlets on the side wall close to the smoke conveying pipe 22, so that the steelmaking smoke can enter smoothly, and a sealing plate is fixedly provided at a position relative to the filter cylinder 27 and the air inlet, and a plurality of filter holes are evenly provided on the annular outer wall of the filter cylinder 27, and the inner diameter of the filter hole is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the steelmaking smoke; a plurality of circular through holes 2 are evenly provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 26 away from the protective cover 1 21, and the circular through hole 2 is used to install the exchange Heat cylinder 311; a gap is formed between the filter cylinder 27 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 26, and the gap is used to temporarily store the clean steelmaking flue gas filtered by the filter cylinder 27, and then the clean air is input into the heat exchange cylinder 311 through the circular through hole 2; one end of the auger 24 extends to the interior of the smoke collecting cylinder 281, and the spiral blades on the outer wall of the auger 24 are arranged close to the bottom of the inner cavity of the smoke collecting cylinder 281, which can transport the steelmaking flue gas dust located inside the smoke collecting cylinder 281 to the interior of the smoke conveying pipe 22; the scraper 283 slides against the inner wall of the filter cylinder 27 at one end away from the smoke collecting cylinder 281, and can scrape off the smoke attached to the inner wall of the filter cylinder 27.

[0026] Embodiment 3: The main difference between this embodiment and the second technical solution is: a steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment, the heat exchange mechanism 3 includes a plurality of heat exchange components 31 arranged in a ring array, a transmission shaft 32 is rotatably arranged at the center position of the plurality of heat exchange components 31, the transmission shaft 32 is rotatably arranged inside the insulated water tank 11 through a bracket, and a connecting sleeve 1 33 and a connecting sleeve 2 34 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft 32, and a gear disc 35 for driving the plurality of heat exchange components 31 to rotate synchronously is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 32 and near the connecting sleeve 2 34. The heat exchange component 31 includes a heat exchange tube 311, on the outer wall of which a gear 312 meshing with the gear disc 35 is fixedly sleeved, and inside the heat exchange tube 311, a sealing plate 1 313, a sealing plate 2 314 and a sealing plate 315 are fixedly arranged from left to right, respectively. The sealing plates 1 313, 2 314 and 315 divide the internal cavity of the heat exchange tube 311 into four relatively independent spaces, namely, air cavity 1 316, air cavity 2 317, air cavity 318 and air cavity 4 319, and the air cavity 1 316 and air cavity 2 317, the air cavity 2 317 and air cavity 318, and the air cavity 318 and air cavity 4 319 are all connected by a plurality of arc-shaped heat conducting pipes 3110. One end of the heat exchange tube 311 away from the gear three 312 is sealed and rotatably arranged in one of the circular through holes two, while the other end of the heat exchange tube 311 is sealed and rotatably penetrates the circular through hole located on the partition 14 and the outer wall of the insulation water tank 11 and opposite to the circular through hole two, and extends to the outside. The gear three 312 and the toothed disc 35 are both located outside the preheating chamber 16.

[0027] Embodiment 4: The main difference between this embodiment and the third technical solution is: a steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment, the exhaust mechanism 4 includes a protective cover 41 and a clean steelmaking flue gas inlet and a clean steelmaking flue gas outlet respectively opened at both ends of the protective cover 41, a Laval tube 42 for accelerating the gas flow rate of the clean steelmaking flue gas outlet is fixedly arranged inside the protective cover 41, a transmission 43 is fixedly arranged at a position near the clean steelmaking flue gas inlet inside the Laval tube 42 through a mounting bracket, a long shaft is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission 43, the long shaft extends to the position of the clean steelmaking flue gas outlet and is fixedly arranged with fan blades 44, and a hexagonal shaft 45 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the transmission 43. The long axis is rotatably arranged inside the Laval tube 42 through a bracket, and steelmaking fume can only enter through the clean steelmaking fume inlet of the Laval tube 42 and then be discharged through the clean steelmaking fume outlet; the output speed of the output shaft of the transmission 43 is less than the output shaft speed; the protective cover 2 41 is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the insulating water tank 11 near the installation port 2 13 by bolts; the structure of the hexagonal shaft 1 284 is compatible with the structure of the connecting sleeve 1 33, and the hexagonal shaft 1 284 is detachably inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve 1 33; the structure of the connecting sleeve 2 34 is compatible with the structure of the hexagonal shaft 2 45, and the hexagonal shaft 2 45 is detachably inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve 2 34.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for using a steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization device, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1, first connect the water inlet port of the water storage mechanism 1 to an external clean water source, connect the drainage port to a water storage tank with a heat preservation structure, and the smoke generated during steelmaking in the steelmaking converter is output through the smoke exhaust port. Since the smoke exhaust port is connected to the fan through a pipeline, the fan extracts the steelmaking smoke and transports it to the smoke dust removal mechanism 2. The smoke dust removal mechanism 2 filters the dust mixed in the steelmaking smoke and collects the filtered dust in a centralized manner; the specific process is: first connect the water inlet pipe 17 to an external clean water source through a pipeline, and a flow meter is provided on the external clean water source to measure the amount of water input into the water storage mechanism 1. The water source first flows into the preheating chamber 16 through the water inlet pipe 17, and then The amount of water gradually increases. When the water level is higher than the top of the partition 14, the clean water flows into the area of ​​the heat exchange chamber 15 through the overflow port, and the drain pipe 18 is connected to the water storage tank with heat preservation function through a pipeline; it should be noted here that the water flow rate flowing into the heat exchange chamber 15 through the overflow port per unit time is the same as the water volume discharged through the drain pipe 18, and the water volume input per unit time from the external water source is equal to the water volume discharged per unit time from the drain pipe 18, and the capacity of the heat exchange chamber 15 and the preheating chamber 16 is a known fixed value. The drain pipe 18 needs to be closed during the initial water injection, and the valve switch on the drain pipe 18 is opened when the clean water input volume inside the water storage mechanism 1 is the same as its own capacity; Since the input port of the fan is connected to the exhaust port of the converter, and the output port of the fan is connected to the steelmaking fume inlet at one end of the protective cover 21 through a pipeline, the steelmaking fume is sucked into the protective cover 21 by the fan after entering the exhaust port of the steelmaking converter, and the steelmaking fume enters the filter cartridge 27 through multiple air inlets on one side of the filter cartridge 27 close to the protective cover 21, and the steelmaking fume enters the gap between the filter cartridge 27 and the cylinder body 26 through multiple filter holes on the arc-shaped outer wall of the filter cartridge 27, and the dust mixed in the steelmaking fume is filtered inside the filter cartridge 27; Step 2: The clean steelmaking flue gas after dust removal enters the heat exchange mechanism 3 located inside the water storage mechanism 1. The steelmaking flue gas with a large amount of heat exchanges heat with the clean water located inside the water storage mechanism 1 through the outer wall of the heat exchange mechanism 3. The temperature of the steelmaking flue gas drops rapidly, and the clean water inside the water storage mechanism 1 is heated. The specific process is as follows: the clean flue gas filtered by the filter cartridge 27 enters the gap between the filter cartridge 27 and the cylinder body 26. This part of the flue gas continues to pass through the circular through hole 2 on the outer wall of the cylinder body 26 and enters the heat exchange cylinder 311 at the corresponding position. The steelmaking flue gas first enters the heat exchange cylinder 311. In the air cavity 1 316 section inside the heat exchange tube 311, since the interior of the heat exchange tube 311 is divided into four relatively independent spaces, namely, air cavity 1 316, air cavity 2 317, air cavity 318, and air cavity 4 319 by sealing plate 1 313, sealing plate 2 314, and sealing plate 315, the steelmaking flue gas entering the air cavity 1 316 enters the air cavity 2 317 through the multiple arc-shaped heat conducting pipes 3110 connecting the air cavity 1 316 and the air cavity 2 317. At the same time, the steelmaking flue gas with a large amount of heat passes through the outer wall of the air cavity 1 316 section and the outer walls of the multiple arc-shaped heat conducting pipes 3110 and the heat conducting pipes located at the heat exchange tube 319. The clean water with a lower temperature in the warm water tank 11 is heat exchanged, and the temperature of the clean water gradually increases; the steelmaking flue gas continues to enter the second air cavity 317 through the arc heat conducting pipe 3110, and then enters the third air cavity 318 through the multiple arc heat conducting pipes 3110 connecting the second air cavity 317 and the third air cavity 318. The steelmaking flue gas that has undergone the first heat exchange continues to pass through the second air cavity 317 section and the arc heat conducting pipe 3110 and the clean water in the insulation water tank 11 to continue the second heat exchange during the flow process; then, the steelmaking flue gas that has undergone the second heat exchange passes through the multiple arc heat conducting pipes 3110 again. Entering the air cavity 4 319 section, during which time, heat is exchanged three times with the clean water inside the heat preservation water tank 11. Then, the steelmaking fume is input into the Laval tube 42 through the air cavity 4 319. The cooled steelmaking fume gradually flows toward the relatively narrow throat in the middle through the tapered section of the Laval tube 42, and then is discharged through the gradually expanding section. During the steelmaking fume flowing out through the throat, the air flow velocity increases significantly. The high-speed flowing steelmaking fume pushes the fan blades 44 to rotate rapidly. The power is input into the interior of the transmission 43 through the long shaft, and is output through the hexagonal shaft 2 45 after the deceleration effect of the transmission 43. Step 3: The cooled steelmaking flue gas flows into the exhaust mechanism 4, and the exhaust mechanism 4 converts the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into energy to drive the heat exchange mechanism 3 to rotate. While the heat exchange mechanism 3 rotates, the clean water inside the water storage mechanism 1 is stirred to keep the water temperature at various positions inside the water storage mechanism 1 consistent. The specific process is as follows: since the hexagonal shaft 2 45 is connected to the connecting sleeve 2 34, and the connecting sleeve 1 33 is connected to the hexagonal shaft 1 284, the toothed disc 35 is simultaneously meshed with multiple gears 3 312. Therefore, when the connecting sleeve 2 34 rotates, the transmission shaft 32 is synchronously driven to rotate. During the synchronous rotation of the toothed disc 35 with the transmission shaft 32, multiple gears 3 312 are simultaneously driven to rotate. When the heat exchange components 31 at multiple positions rotate, the clean water inside the insulated water tank 11 is disturbed, so that the clean water at multiple positions continuously exchanges positions to keep the water temperature areas at multiple positions consistent. At the same time, the transmission shaft 32 drives the smoke collecting barrel 281 to rotate, that is, when the scraper 283 rotates in the direction of the guide hopper 282, the top of the scraper 283 slides along the inner wall of the filter barrel 27, and the smoke attached to the inner wall of the smoke collecting barrel 281 is scraped off and slides down along the outer wall of the scraper 283. Under the action of its own gravity, the smoke slides through the guide hopper 282 to the inside of the smoke collecting barrel 281; Since the gear 285 is meshed with the gear 1 25, the hexagonal shaft 1 284 rotates and simultaneously drives the auger 24 to rotate, so that the smoke entering the smoke collecting tube 281 gradually enters the smoke conveying pipe 22 under the push of the auger 24, and finally falls into the collecting box 29 through the bottom outlet of the smoke conveying pipe 22; After working for a period of time, the lock between the collecting box 29 and the protective cover 21 is released, the collecting box 29 is removed and the smoke and dust inside thereof is cleaned, and the collecting box 29 is reinstalled and can be used again.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization device, characterized in that: include: The water storage mechanism (1) is filled with clean water, and heat is exchanged between the clean water and the steelmaking fume to complete the conversion from cold water to hot water; A flue gas dust removal mechanism (2) is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism (1) and is used to be connected to the exhaust port of the steelmaking converter and to perform dust removal treatment on the input steelmaking flue gas, and to input the purified steelmaking flue gas into the interior of the water storage mechanism (1); An exhaust mechanism (4) is arranged at one end of the water storage mechanism (1) away from the flue gas dust removal mechanism (2), and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into kinetic energy of axial rotation, thereby providing energy support for the operation of the steelmaking flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization equipment; The heat exchange mechanism (3) is arranged inside the water storage mechanism (1). The two ends of the heat exchange mechanism (3) are respectively connected to the flue gas dust removal mechanism (2) and the exhaust mechanism (4). The heat exchange mechanism (3) is used to receive the clean steelmaking flue gas input by the flue gas dust removal mechanism (2). The steelmaking flue gas completes heat exchange with clean water inside the heat exchange mechanism (3), and then the cooled steelmaking flue gas is transported to the exhaust mechanism (4).

2. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water storage mechanism (1) comprises a heat preservation water tank (11) and a first installation opening (12) and a second installation opening (13) respectively provided at two ends of the heat preservation water tank (11); a partition (14) is fixedly provided on one side of the interior of the heat preservation water tank (11); the partition (14) divides the interior space of the heat preservation water tank (11) into a heat exchange chamber (15) and a preheating chamber (16); a fixed gap is provided between the top of the partition (14) and the top of the inner cavity of the heat preservation water tank (11); the fixed gap forms an overflow port; clean water flows from the preheating chamber (16) to the heat exchange chamber (15) through the overflow port; and a water inlet pipe (17) and a drain pipe (18) are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the heat preservation water tank (11) and are connected to the preheating chamber (16) and the heat exchange chamber (15).

3. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fume dust removal mechanism (2) comprises a protective cover (21) and a steelmaking fume inlet and a steelmaking fume outlet respectively provided at two ends of the protective cover (21); a dust filter unit for filtering dust in the steelmaking fume is provided on the outer wall of the protective cover (21) and at a position opposite to the steelmaking fume outlet; a dust collecting unit for centrally collecting the steelmaking fume dust filtered by the dust filter unit is provided inside the protective cover (21).

4. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The dust collecting unit comprises a smoke conveying pipe (22) fixedly arranged inside a protective cover (21); a conical bucket (23) for preventing smoke from moving upward is fixedly arranged inside the smoke conveying pipe (22); an auger (24) is rotatably arranged on a side of the smoke conveying pipe (22) away from the conical bucket (23) through a bracket; a gear (25) is fixedly arranged on the end of the auger (24) away from the steelmaking smoke inlet; and a collection box (29) for collecting steelmaking smoke dust is detachably arranged at the bottom of the protective cover (21) and directly below the conical bucket (23).

5. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The dust filter unit comprises a barrel (26) detachably mounted on the outer wall of a protective cover (21) by means of bolts, a filter barrel (27) being fixedly mounted inside the barrel (26) by means of a bracket, and a smoke scraping assembly (28) for scraping smoke on the inner wall of the filter barrel (27) being mounted inside the filter barrel (27).

6. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The smoke scraping assembly (28) comprises a smoke collecting tube (281) rotatably arranged inside the filter tube (27); a long strip through hole is provided on one side of the outer wall of the smoke collecting tube (281); a guide hopper (282) is fixedly arranged inside the long strip through hole for facilitating the entry of steelmaking smoke dust; a scraper (283) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the smoke collecting tube (281) and located on one side of the long strip through hole for scraping steelmaking smoke dust on the inner wall of the filter tube (27); a hexagonal shaft 1 (284) is fixedly passed through the interior of the smoke collecting tube (281); a gear 2 (285) meshingly connected to the gear 1 (25) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the hexagonal shaft 1 (284) and located inside the smoke collecting tube (281).

7. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of heat exchange components (31) arranged in a ring array, a transmission shaft (32) being rotatably arranged at the center of the plurality of heat exchange components (31), the transmission shaft (32) being rotatably arranged inside the thermal insulation water tank (11) via a bracket, a first connection sleeve (33) and a second connection sleeve (34) being fixedly arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft (32), and a toothed disc (35) for driving the plurality of heat exchange components (31) to rotate synchronously is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (32) and at a position close to the second connection sleeve (34).

8. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (31) comprises a heat exchange cylinder (311), a gear 3 (312) meshingly connected to a gear plate (35) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the heat exchange cylinder (311), and a sealing plate 1 (313), a sealing plate 2 (314) and a sealing plate 3 (315) are fixedly arranged in sequence from left to right inside the heat exchange cylinder (311), wherein the sealing plate 1 (313), the sealing plate 2 (314) and the sealing plate 3 (315) connect the heat exchange cylinder The internal cavity of (311) is divided in sequence to form four relatively independent spaces, namely, air cavity one (316), air cavity two (317), air cavity three (318) and air cavity four (319); the air cavity one (316) and air cavity two (317), the air cavity two (317) and air cavity three (318), and the air cavity three (318) and air cavity four (319) are all connected via a plurality of arc-shaped heat conduction pipes (3110).

9. The steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism (4) comprises a second protective cover (41) and a clean steelmaking fume inlet and a clean steelmaking fume outlet respectively provided at two ends of the second protective cover (41). A Laval tube (42) for accelerating the gas flow rate at the clean steelmaking fume outlet is fixedly arranged inside the second protective cover (41). A transmission (43) is fixedly arranged at a position near the clean steelmaking fume inlet inside the Laval tube (42) via a mounting bracket. A long shaft is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission (43), and the long shaft extends to the position of the clean steelmaking fume outlet and is fixedly arranged with a fan blade (44). A hexagonal shaft (45) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the transmission (43).

10. A method for using the steelmaking fume waste heat recovery and utilization equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: first, the water inlet port of the water storage mechanism (1) is connected to an external clean water source, and the water outlet port is connected to a water storage tank with a heat-insulating structure. The smoke generated during steelmaking in the steelmaking converter is discharged through the smoke exhaust port. Since the smoke exhaust port is connected to the fan through a pipeline, the fan extracts the steelmaking smoke and transports it to the smoke dust removal mechanism (2). The smoke dust removal mechanism (2) filters the dust mixed in the steelmaking smoke and collects the filtered dust in a centralized manner. Step 2: The clean steelmaking flue gas after dust removal enters the heat exchange mechanism (3) located inside the water storage mechanism (1). The steelmaking flue gas with a large amount of heat exchanges heat with the clean water located inside the water storage mechanism (1) through the outer wall of the heat exchange mechanism (3). The temperature of the steelmaking flue gas decreases rapidly, and the clean water inside the water storage mechanism (1) is heated. Step 3: The cooled steelmaking flue gas flows into the exhaust mechanism (4). The exhaust mechanism (4) converts the kinetic energy of the steelmaking flue gas into energy for driving the heat exchange mechanism (3) to rotate. While the heat exchange mechanism (3) rotates, the clean water inside the water storage mechanism (1) is stirred to keep the water temperature at various positions inside the water storage mechanism (1) consistent.

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