Soil sampling device

Abstract

Handles are arranged on the two sides of the top of the machine bin, the bottom of the machine bin is open, a driving plate with a through hole is arranged in the machine bin, a sampling barrel is coaxially and rotatably connected to a plate body of the driving plate on the outer side of the bottom of the through hole, and plate bodies on the two sides of the top of the through hole are connected with the output end of a sampling electric push rod; a notch is formed in the top of the sampling barrel and blocked by a positioning plate in clearance fit with the interior of the sampling barrel, the output end of a positioning electric push rod sequentially penetrates through a through hole and the notch and then is connected with the top of the positioning plate, a positioning rod is arranged on the bottom face of the positioning plate, and a plurality of insertion plates extending in the radial direction are arranged on the outer wall of the positioning rod in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. The top of the inserting plate is connected with the bottom surface of the positioning plate; an existing soil sampler structure is improved, rapid sampling in the vertical direction can be effectively guaranteed, meanwhile, the same soil sample can be equally divided in an equivalent mode, batch isomorphic samples are provided for later parallel tests, and the accuracy of soil data obtained through the tests is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil measurement and analysis, and in particular to a soil sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Soil research mainly involves analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the target area, including the physical and chemical composition of the soil, the types and distribution characteristics of the bacterial flora, etc., to provide a corresponding theoretical basis for subsequent soil transformation or crop planting and management. One of the preliminary tasks of soil research is to collect soil samples at multiple points and at different depths. However, most of the soil samplers in the prior art are steel pipe structures with notches. When in use, they are pressed into the ground by manpower to allow soil to enter the steel pipe. After being pulled out, the soil embedded in the steel pipe is taken out through the notch. The overall structure is relatively simple, but the operation is very inconvenient: 1) Because the downward pressure by manpower can easily cause the steel pipe to deflect, it is impossible to sample according to the vertical depth, and it is difficult to insert the soil layer with low moisture content; 2) The soil entering the steel pipe will be squeezed and clump into blocks, and will be dispersed due to external force when taken out of the steel pipe. On the one hand, it will cause the soil of different depths to mix, and on the other hand, it is impossible to distinguish and preserve the soil of the same depth in equal amounts, and thus it is impossible to guarantee the quality requirements of the samples for subsequent parallel tests and affect the accuracy of data analysis; 3) The soil at the bottom of the steel pipe is subject to less constraint force, and it is easy to fall off from the inside of the steel pipe when the steel pipe is pulled out, causing the upper part of the soil to fall, resulting in inaccurate sampling depth. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil sampling device. The present invention improves on the existing soil sampling device structure and can effectively ensure rapid vertical sampling. At the same time, the same soil sample can be divided into equal amounts and provide batches of equal-quality samples for subsequent parallel tests, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the soil data obtained from the test.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A soil sampling device, comprising a machine chamber with handles on both sides of the top and an open bottom, wherein a sampling mechanism is arranged inside the machine chamber, wherein the sampling mechanism comprises a driving plate with a through hole, wherein a sampling tube is coaxially rotatably connected to the driving plate body outside the bottom of the through hole, and the plate bodies on both sides of the top of the through hole are connected to the output end of the sampling electric push rod; A notch is provided on the top of the sampling tube and the notch is blocked by a positioning plate that fits the internal clearance of the sampling tube. The output end of the positioning electric push rod passes through the through hole and the notch in sequence and is connected to the top of the positioning plate. A positioning rod is provided on the bottom surface of the positioning plate. Several radially extending plug plates are provided on the outer wall of the positioning rod at equal intervals. The top of the plug plate is connected to the bottom surface of the positioning plate and the bottom end is a wedge-shaped structure.

[0005] Preferably, convex ribs are also provided on the board surface of the plug board.

[0006] Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling tube is fixed with a spiral disk with a guide protrusion, the top of the sampling tube is connected to the bottom surface of the conical gear ring, and the top surface of the conical gear ring is assembled with the through hole of the driving plate through the bearing; The driving plate is also provided with a bracket for rotatably connecting the driving shaft, and the middle section of the driving shaft is provided with a bevel gear meshing with the bevel gear ring for transmission.

[0007] Preferably, driven gears are provided at both ends of the driving shaft, and racks meshing with the driven gears are provided on the inner wall of the machine chamber at positions corresponding to the driven gears.

[0008] Preferably, a slider is integrally extended from the outer side of the plate body of the driving plate, and a slideway is provided on the inner wall of the cabin at a position corresponding to the slider.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom surface of the sampling tube has a serrated structure.

[0010] Preferably, the device also includes a sealing mechanism, which includes an air source component fixed to the bottom surface of the driving plate and a sealing plate buried in a preset groove on the bottom wall of the sampling tube, one end of the sealing plate is hinged to the inner wall of the groove by a pin, and an airbag is provided between the free end of the sealing plate and the groove, and the airbag is connected to the air source component.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall at the top of the sampling tube is provided with an airtight cavity in the form of an annular countersunk hole structure, and the airtight cavity is sealed by a airtight ring rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube; The guide protrusion is a hollow structure and an air guide tube is arranged in the hollow part. The top end of the air guide tube passes through the wall of the sampling tube and is connected to the airtight cavity, and the bottom end passes through the groove and is connected to the air bag.

[0012] Preferably, the air source component comprises an air cylinder fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the driving plate, the bottom of the air cylinder is airtightly provided with a rubber plug, and the top of the push rod penetrates into the air cylinder and is connected to the bottom surface of the rubber plug; One end of the connecting pipe that passes through the airtight ring is connected to the air cylinder space above the rubber plug, and the other end is connected to the airtight cavity.

[0013] Preferably, a limit plate is provided at the bottom end of the push rod, and a return spring which is always in a compressed state is sleeved on the push rod, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the limit plate and the air cylinder; The inner wall of the open bottom of the cabin is provided with a flange for contacting the limit plate.

[0014] The working process of the present invention is as follows: First, the present invention is moved to the target point, and then the present invention is kept vertical to the ground and the positioning electric push rod is turned on. The output end of the positioning electric push rod drives the positioning plate and the plug plate to move out from the opening at the bottom of the cabin and quickly insert them into the ground. On the one hand, the soil outside the positioning rod can be self-extruded, and on the other hand, stable vertical support can be provided for the subsequent movement of the sampling tube.

[0015] Then turn on the sampling electric push rod, and the output end of the sampling electric push rod drives the drive plate and the components at the bottom of the drive plate to move downward synchronously. At the same time, through the meshing transmission effect of the driven gear and the rack, the driven gear drives the drive shaft and the bevel gear on the drive shaft to rotate. Through the meshing transmission effect of the bevel gear and the bevel gear ring, the bevel gear ring drives the sampling tube to rotate. At the same time, since the drive plate has no circumferential movement, the air cylinder, connecting pipe and airtight ring have no circumferential movement. In this way, the synchronous movement of the sampling tube moving vertically downward and rotating relative to the airtight ring is achieved.

[0016] When the sampling tube is exposed from the bottom opening of the cabin and contacts the soil, it will quickly cut into the ground through the serrated structure at the bottom, and at the same time, the guide protrusions on the outer wall will be used to reduce the resistance to entering the soil. As the sampling tube goes deeper into the soil, its internal space cooperates with the plug plate to further squeeze the soil entering the tube into strips and distribute it equally in the gap of the plug plate, so as to achieve equal distribution of soil samples at the same point. Finally, when the sampling tube moves to the limit plate contact flange, the push rod pushes the rubber plug and the air above the rubber plug enters the airbag through the connecting tube-airtight cavity-air guide tube, so that the airbag is filled and the blocking plate is ejected from the groove. At the same time, the blocking plate and the airbag in the filled state form a structure that can block the bottom of the gap of the plug plate, thereby preventing the soil from falling off when the present invention is subsequently pulled out. It should also be noted that the space below the groove of the sampling tube is an invalid sampling space, because the soil sample in this space will be pushed out by the blocking plate.

[0017] Then, the present invention is pulled out of the ground in the instant state, and the output end of the sampling electric push rod is reset. The reset spring drives the push rod and the rubber plug to reset and the air bag and the blocking plate to reset. Finally, the soil at the gap between the plug plates is exposed from the sampling tube and collected for sampling.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention improves on the existing soil sampler structure, can effectively ensure rapid vertical sampling, and at the same time the same soil sample can be equally divided and provide batches of equal-quality samples for subsequent parallel tests, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the soil data obtained from the test, and at the same time the sampling process can effectively prevent the soil sample at the bottom of the sampling tube from falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling device described in the specific implementation method; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cabin described in the specific implementation method; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling tube described in the specific implementation method; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the driving plate described in the specific implementation method; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plug board described in the specific implementation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a soil sampling device includes a machine chamber 1 with handles 13 on both sides of the top and an open bottom. The inner wall of the open bottom of the machine chamber 1 is provided with a flange 16. A driving plate 2 is provided in the machine chamber 1, and a slider 26 is integrally extended from the outer side of the plate body of the driving plate 2. A slideway 15 is opened on the inner wall of the machine chamber 1 corresponding to the slider 26.

[0022] A through hole 21 is provided on the plate body of the driving plate 2, and the plate bodies on both sides of the top of the through hole 21 are connected to the output end of the sampling electric push rod 11, and the through hole 21 is assembled with the bevel gear ring 32 below the driving plate 2 through a bearing. The driving plate 2 is also provided with a bracket 22 for rotatably connecting the driving shaft 23, and a bevel gear 24 meshing with the bevel gear ring 32 is provided at the middle section of the driving shaft 23. Driven gears 25 are also provided at both ends of the driving shaft 23, and a rack 14 meshing with the driven gear 25 is provided on the inner wall of the machine chamber 1.

[0023] The bottom of the bevel gear ring 32 is coaxially connected to the sampling tube 3, the top of the sampling tube 3 is provided with a notch and the notch is blocked by a positioning plate 4 with internal clearance of the sampling tube 3, the bottom surface of the sampling tube 3 is a sawtooth structure, and the outer wall of the sampling tube 3 is fixed with a spiral disk with a hollow guide protrusion 31; The output end of the positioning electric push rod 12 passes through the through hole 21 and the notch in sequence and is connected to the top of the positioning plate 4. A positioning rod 41 is provided on the bottom surface of the positioning plate 4. A plurality of radially extending plug plates 42 are provided at equal intervals on the outer wall of the positioning rod 41. The top of the plug plate 42 is connected to the bottom surface of the positioning plate 4 and the bottom end is a wedge-shaped structure. A convex rib 43 is also provided on the plate surface of the plug plate 42. An air cylinder 54 is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the driving plate 2 at the corresponding flange 16, and a rubber plug 55 is airtightly provided at the bottom of the air cylinder 54. The top of the push rod 56 penetrates into the air cylinder 54 and is connected to the bottom surface of the rubber plug 55. A limit plate 57 is provided at the bottom end of the push rod 56. A return spring 58 which is always in a compressed state is sleeved on the push rod 56, and both ends of the return spring 58 are respectively connected to the limit plate 57 and the air cylinder 54.

[0024] A groove is preset on the inner bottom wall of the sampling cylinder 3, one end of the sealing plate 51 is hinged to the inner wall of the groove by a pin, and an air bag 52 is arranged between the free end of the sealing plate 51 and the groove, an airtight cavity 33 with an annular countersunk structure is opened on the top outer wall of the sampling cylinder 3, and the airtight cavity 33 is sealed by a airtight ring 34 which is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 3, one end of the connecting tube 35 which passes through the airtight ring 34 is connected to the air cylinder 54 space above the rubber plug 55, and the other end is connected to the airtight cavity 33 An air guide tube 53 is disposed in the hollow portion of the guide protrusion 31 . The top end of the air guide tube 53 penetrates through the wall of the sampling tube 3 and communicates with the airtight cavity 33 , and the bottom end penetrates into the groove and communicates with the air bag 52 .

[0025] The working process of the present invention is as follows: First, move the present invention to the target point, then keep the present invention perpendicular to the ground and turn on the positioning electric push rod 12. The output end of the positioning electric push rod 12 drives the positioning plate 4 and the plug plate 42 to move out from the bottom opening of the cabin 1 and quickly insert them into the ground. On the one hand, the soil outside the positioning rod 41 can be self-extruded, and on the other hand, stable vertical support can be provided for the subsequent movement of the sampling tube 3.

[0026] Then, the sampling electric push rod 11 is turned on, and the output end of the sampling electric push rod 11 drives the driving plate 2 and the components at the bottom of the driving plate 2 to move downward synchronously. At the same time, through the meshing transmission effect of the driven gear 25 and the rack 14, the driven gear 25 drives the driving shaft 23 and the bevel gear 24 on the driving shaft 23 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission effect of the bevel gear 24 and the bevel gear ring 32, the bevel gear ring 32 drives the sampling cylinder 3 to rotate. At the same time, since the driving plate 2 has no circumferential movement, the air cylinder 54, the connecting pipe 35 and the airtight ring 34 have no circumferential movement. In this way, the synchronous movement of the sampling cylinder 3 moving vertically downward and rotating circumferentially relative to the airtight ring 34 is achieved.

[0027] When the sampling tube 3 is exposed from the bottom opening of the cabin 1 and contacts the soil, it will quickly cut into the ground through the serrated structure at the bottom, and at the same time, the guide protrusion 31 on the outer wall will be used to reduce the resistance to entering the soil. As the sampling tube 3 penetrates into the soil, its internal space cooperates with the plug plate 42 to further squeeze the soil entering the tube into strips and distribute it equally in the gap of the plug plate 42, so as to achieve equal distribution of soil samples at the same point. Finally, when the sampling tube 3 moves to the limit plate 57 and contacts the flange 16, the push rod 56 pushes the plug 55 and the air above the plug 55 enters the airbag 52 through the connecting pipe 35-airtight cavity 33-air guide pipe 53, so that the airbag 52 is filled and the blocking plate 51 is ejected from the groove. At the same time, the blocking plate 51 and the airbag 52 in the filled state form a structure that can block the bottom end of the gap of the plug plate 42, thereby preventing the soil from falling off when the present invention is subsequently pulled out. It should also be noted that the space below the groove of the sampling tube 3 is an invalid sampling space because the soil sample in the space will be pushed away by the blocking plate 51 .

[0028] Then, the present invention is pulled out of the ground in the instant state, and the output end of the sampling electric push rod 11 is reset. The reset spring 58 drives the push rod 56 and the rubber plug 55 to reset and the air bag 52 and the blocking plate 51 to reset. Finally, the soil in the gap of the plug plate 42 is exposed from the sampling tube 3 and collected and sampled respectively.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, comprising a machine chamber (1) with handles (13) on both sides of the top and an open bottom, wherein a sampling mechanism is provided inside the machine chamber (1), characterized in that: The sampling mechanism comprises a driving plate (2) having a through hole (21), a sampling tube (3) being coaxially rotatably connected to the driving plate body outside the bottom of the through hole (21), and the plate bodies on both sides of the top of the through hole (21) being connected to the output end of the sampling electric push rod (11); A notch is provided at the top of the sampling tube (3) and the notch is blocked by a positioning plate (4) with a clearance fit inside the sampling tube (3). The output end of the positioning electric push rod (12) passes through the through hole (21) and the notch in sequence and is connected to the top of the positioning plate (4). A positioning rod (41) is provided on the bottom surface of the positioning plate (4). A plurality of radially extending plug plates (42) are provided on the outer wall of the positioning rod (41) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The top of the plug plate (42) is connected to the bottom surface of the positioning plate (4) and the bottom end is in a wedge-shaped structure.

2. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inserting plate (42) is also provided with convex ribs (43) on its surface.

3. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed spiral disk on the outer wall of the sampling tube (3) is provided with a guide protrusion (31), the top of the sampling tube (3) is connected to the bottom surface of the conical gear ring (32), and the top surface of the conical gear ring (32) is assembled with the through hole (21) of the driving plate (2) through a bearing; The drive plate (2) is also provided with a bracket (22) for rotatably connecting to a drive shaft (23), and a bevel gear (24) meshing with a bevel gear ring (32) is provided at the middle section of the drive shaft (23).

4. The soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Driven gears (25) are also provided at both ends of the drive shaft (23), and racks (14) meshing with the driven gears (25) are provided on the inner wall of the machine chamber (1) at locations corresponding to the driven gears (25).

5. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the plate body of the driving plate (2) is also integrally provided with a sliding block (26), and the inner wall of the machine chamber (1) is provided with a slideway (15) at a position corresponding to the sliding block (26).

6. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the sampling tube (3) has a sawtooth structure.

7. The soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device further comprises a blocking mechanism, the blocking mechanism comprising an air source component fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the driving plate (2) and a blocking plate (51) embedded in a preset groove on the inner bottom wall of the sampling tube (3), one end of the blocking plate (51) being hinged to the inner wall of the groove via a pin, and an air bag (52) being arranged between the free end of the blocking plate (51) and the groove, the air bag (52) being in communication with the air source component.

8. The soil sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top outer wall of the sampling tube (3) is provided with an airtight cavity (33) in the form of an annular countersunk hole structure, and the airtight cavity (33) is sealed by a airtight ring (34) rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube (3); The guide protrusion (31) is of a hollow structure and an air guide tube (53) is arranged in the hollow portion. The top end of the air guide tube (53) penetrates through the wall of the sampling tube (3) and communicates with the airtight cavity (33), while the bottom end penetrates into the groove and communicates with the air bag (52).

9. The soil sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air source component comprises an air cylinder (54) fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the driving plate (2), a rubber plug (55) being airtightly arranged at the bottom of the air cylinder (54), and a top of a push rod (56) passing through the air cylinder (54) and connected to the bottom surface of the rubber plug (55); One end of a connecting pipe (35) passing through the airtight ring (34) is connected to the air cylinder (54) space above the rubber plug (55), and the other end is connected to the airtight cavity (33).

10. The soil sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A limit plate (57) is provided at the bottom end of the push rod (56), a return spring (58) which is always in a compressed state is sleeved on the push rod (56), and two ends of the return spring (58) are respectively connected to the limit plate (57) and the air cylinder (54); The open inner wall at the bottom of the machine compartment (1) is provided with a flange (16) for contacting the limit plate (57).

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