BGA SSD power failure protection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a BGA SSD power-down protection system and method, through monitoring a primary power supply of the system, the power-down monitoring time is earlier, and before the power supply of the system is not completely dropped to a voltage value at which the system cannot work, the power-down protection time is shorter than that of the primary power supply of the system. The central processing unit system is informed to complete data storage of the operating system in time, and the BGA SSD chip is informed to complete data write-back of the cache region in time, so that storage of system data is facilitated. The stored energy used for completing the related operation is the board-level inherent energy maintained by the time difference of the voltage drop, and through the architecture of the load switch and the energy storage capacitor module, the low-cost and low-complexity power-down protection design is realized, it is ensured that the BGA SSD chip has enough time to complete the DRAM cache data write-back work after receiving the power-down alarm signal, and the reliability of the BGA SSD chip is improved. And a data protection effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid state hard disks, and in particular relates to a BGA SSD power-off protection system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the computer and embedded fields, storage modules are essential functional components of equipment, and among many types of storage devices, SSDs have superior performance and wide application. Currently, the commonly used SSD storage on the market includes 2.5-inch SATA disks, standard mSATA modules, M.2SATA, M.2NVMe, BGA SSD and other storage products. These products are mainly divided into two types in terms of hardware architecture, one is the "controller + Nand storage particle" architecture, and the other is the single-chip BGA SSD architecture. BGA SSD is to seal the controller and Nand storage particles into one chip through the packaging and testing process. Relatively speaking, its application cost will be relatively high, but in some scenarios with strict reliability requirements, this architecture has greater technical advantages (such as simple peripheral circuits, no need to develop firmware, small size, and reliable application in structure).

[0003] In the field of solid-state drive technology, there is a big problem, that is, the problem of hard disk bricking (data loss) caused by unexpected power outages. The key to solving the problem is how to protect the key data in the DRAM cache of the SSD module and write it back in time in the event of abnormal power failure. In order to solve this problem, the solid-state drive has to introduce complex protection circuits (such as using special backup power chips such as SGM41664 and SYT664RGC to store large amounts of energy for the 5V power supply and switch the power supply in time after power failure) and design a set of complex firmware to implement the corresponding power failure protection function. However, the existing solution is relatively expensive and the circuit volume is also large (large-scale energy storage capacitors are required). In the context of the high cost of BGA SSD, if the power failure protection function is implemented only from the perspective of the independent local small system of the SSD module according to the same design method, it will not be so competitive. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art in a reliable application scenario and propose a BGA SSD power-off protection system and method based on board-level system application.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0006] A BGA SSD power-off protection system comprises a power supply module, a power-off monitoring module connected to the power supply module, a central processing unit system, a BGA SSD chip, a load switch and an energy storage capacitor module, wherein the power-off monitoring module is connected to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip, and the central processing unit system, the load switch and the energy storage capacitor module are connected to the BGA SSD chip;

[0007] The power-off monitoring module is used to monitor the power-off of the primary input power supply of the system. When the voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, the power-off interrupt information is sent to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip.

[0008] After receiving the power-off interruption information, the CPU system promptly initiates system-level data preservation, initiates BGASSD data protection action and triggers the software shutdown operation process;

[0009] After the BGA SSD chip receives the power-off interruption information, its internal firmware initiates a cache data write-back instruction operation to complete the cache data write-back work;

[0010] The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU system and BGA SSD chip;

[0011] The load switch and energy storage capacitor module are used to provide energy to maintain write-back protection of cached data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD after a system power failure occurs.

[0012] Preferably, the protection system further comprises: when there is no central processing unit system involved, the BAG SSD chip can also independently receive an external power-off interrupt signal and trigger the firmware program to write back the cache data of the BGA SSD chip in time.

[0013] Preferably, the power supply module comprises a plurality of DCDC power supply chips. The DCDC power supply chips are used to supply power to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip.

[0014] Preferably, the load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes a 470uF capacitor plus a 3A load switch, and the energy storage capacitor has a part of the inherent energy of the board-level BGA SSD chip that is maintained by the time difference of the voltage drop.

[0015] Preferably, the power monitoring module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, an ESD protection device and a voltage monitoring chip; the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in sequence, the voltage dividing point of the resistors is connected to the power pin of the voltage monitoring chip and the ESD device, and the output pin of the voltage monitoring chip is an open-drain output pin, which is connected to the alarm input terminal of the BGA SSD chip and the interrupt pin of the central processing unit system.

[0016] Preferably, the load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, a load switch chip, an enable resistor, a current limiting resistor and a key 470uF energy storage capacitor; the input filter capacitor and the power supply are connected to the input end of the load switch chip, the output filter capacitor is connected to the output end of the load switch chip and the key 470uF energy storage capacitor, the enable resistor is connected between the enable pin and the input pin of the load switch chip, and the current limiting resistor is connected between the current limiting pin of the load switch chip and the ground.

[0017] A BGA SSD power-off protection method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] S100: The system is in normal working state: the CPU system is operating normally, the BGA SSD chip is operating normally, the storage data is reading and writing normally, the device is powered on, the power-off monitoring module is turned on, and the primary power supply voltage is normal;

[0019] S200: The system is in a power-off trigger state: When the power-off monitoring module detects that the primary power supply voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, a power-off interrupt notification is sent, the central processing unit system receives the power-off interrupt notification, the BGA SDD chip receives the power-off interrupt notification, the storage data is read and written normally, and the power-off alarm is triggered;

[0020] S300: The system is in data protection state: the CPU system starts to save system data, the CPU system actively saves preset user data, the BGA SSD actively writes back cache data, the power failure alarm continues to be triggered, the external power continues to drop, and the load switch and energy storage capacitor module continue to provide energy to maintain the write-back protection of the cache data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD at the end of the system power failure;

[0021] S400: System shutdown state: The CPU system stops running and shuts down, all system data is completely saved, SSD DRAM cache data is completely written back, and the device is powered off.

[0022] The above-mentioned BGA SSD power-off protection system and method adopts the thinking of system application, considers the acquisition of power-off signal from the primary power supply, and monitors power-off earlier. Before the voltage drops to a voltage where the system cannot work at all, the processor system and BGA SSD chip are notified in time to start the protection action, which is more conducive to the preservation of system data, and uses the inherent energy storage characteristics of the board-level system to realize low-cost and low-complexity power-off protection design, ensuring that there is enough time to complete the DRAM cache data write-back work after receiving the power-off alarm signal, thereby playing a role in data protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a design scheme for a BGA SSD power-off protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A board-level power failure curve diagram of a BGA SSD power failure protection system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a voltage monitoring module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a load switch and an energy storage module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The figure is a working state diagram of a BGA SSD power-off protection method in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In one embodiment, a BGA SSD power-off protection system includes a power supply module, a power-off monitoring module connected to the power supply module, a central processing unit system, a BGA SSD chip, a load switch and an energy storage capacitor module, wherein the power-off monitoring module is connected to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip, and the central processing unit system, the load switch and the energy storage capacitor module are connected to the BGASSD chip;

[0030] The power-off monitoring module is used to monitor the power-off of the primary input power supply of the system. When the voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, the power-off interrupt information is sent to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip.

[0031] After receiving the power-off interruption information, the CPU system promptly initiates system-level data preservation, initiates BGASSD data protection action and triggers the software shutdown operation process;

[0032] After the BGA SSD chip receives the power-off interruption information, its internal firmware initiates a cache data write-back instruction operation to complete the cache data write-back work;

[0033] The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU system and BGA SSD chip;

[0034] The load switch and energy storage capacitor module are used to provide energy to maintain write-back protection of cached data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD after a system power failure occurs.

[0035] In one embodiment, the system further includes: when there is no central processing unit system involved, the BAG SSD chip can also independently receive an external power-off interrupt signal and trigger the firmware program to write back the cache data of the BGA SSD chip in time.

[0036] Specifically, when the BGA SSD chip itself does not have a power-off protection function, before power failure, the processor actively writes back the DRAM cache data of the BGA SSD to achieve a protection effect; another way is that the BGA SSD chip has a power-off protection function, through external triggering, combined with its firmware, it can trigger the write-back of the DRAM cache data of the BGA SSD to achieve a protection effect; or the two can be combined for more comprehensive power-off data protection.

[0037] In one embodiment, the power supply module includes a plurality of DCDC power supply chips. The DCDC power supply chips are used to supply power to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip.

[0038] In one embodiment, the load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes a 470uF capacitor and a 3A load switch. The energy storage capacitor has a portion of inherent energy that is maintained by the time difference of voltage drop to keep the board-level BGA SSD chip working.

[0039] Specifically, the design concept of the new BGA SSD power-off protection circuit mainly adopts the design concept of the board-level system, which is different from the previous BGA SSD chip manufacturers who only focused on the design concept of the chip itself. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, its working principle is to monitor the primary power supply of the system, and inform the processor system to save the operating system data in time and inform the BGA SSD chip to write back the data in the cache area in time before the system power supply completely drops to the voltage value that the system cannot work. The "storage energy" used to complete the relevant operations is the inherent energy of the board level maintained by the time difference of the voltage drop. The power supply of the BGASSD part is designed through a load switch and a 470uF energy storage capacitor, which can continuously provide energy to maintain the write-back protection of the cached data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD at the end stage after the system power failure occurs.

[0040] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, at T0: the external power supply starts to lose power; at T1: the power-off monitoring module triggers an action and sends an interrupt signal to the processor system and the BGA SSD chip. At this time, the corresponding receiving end starts to trigger data protection and cache write-back work; at T2: the processor system starts to stop working; at T3: the BGA SSD chip starts to stop working; at T4: the entire system loses power completely.

[0041] As can be seen from the figure, the time difference between T2 and T1 is the effective operation time zone for the processor system to perform data protection, and T3-T1 is the effective operation time zone for the BGA SSD chip to perform data protection. The latter is relatively long because of the design of the load switch and the 470uF energy storage capacitor. In this way, it can be ensured that the BGA SSD chip has enough time to complete the data write back, thereby ensuring the integrity of the data and achieving the effect of protecting the system data.

[0042] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the power monitoring module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, an ESD protection device and a voltage monitoring chip; the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in sequence, the voltage dividing point of the resistors is connected to the power pin of the voltage monitoring chip and the ESD device, and the output pin of the voltage monitoring chip is an open-drain output pin, which is connected to the alarm input terminal of the SSD chip and the interrupt pin of the central processor system. .

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, a load switch chip, an enable resistor, a current limiting resistor and a key 470uF energy storage capacitor; the input filter capacitor and the power supply are connected to the input end of the load switch chip, the output filter capacitor is connected to the output end of the load switch chip and the key 470uF energy storage capacitor, the enable resistor is connected between the enable pin and the input pin of the load switch chip, and the current limiting resistor is connected between the current limiting pin of the load switch chip and the ground.

[0044] in, Figure 4 Where C1 and C2 are input filter capacitors, C3, C4 and C5 are output filter capacitors, R1 is an enable resistor, and R2 is a current limiting resistor.

[0045] Specifically, the key circuit module of the new BGA SSD power-off protection system includes two parts, one is the voltage monitoring module of the system's primary power supply, and the other is the load switch and energy storage module.

[0046] Power-off monitoring module: mainly realizes the acquisition of power-off information of the primary (high-voltage) power supply, and promptly notifies the processor system and BGASSD chip to start protection action before the voltage drops to a voltage where the system cannot work at all.

[0047] Load switch and energy storage capacitor module: mainly to extend the working time of the BGA SSD chip after the system power is off, to ensure that there is enough time to complete the DRAM cache data write-back after receiving the power-off alarm signal, and to play a role in data protection.

[0048] In one embodiment, a BGA SSD power-off protection method is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0049] S100: The system is in normal working state: the CPU system is operating normally, the BGA SSD chip is operating normally, the storage data is reading and writing normally, the device is powered on, the power-off monitoring module is turned on, and the primary power supply voltage is normal;

[0050] S200: The system is in a power-off trigger state: When the power-off monitoring module detects that the primary power supply voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, a power-off interrupt notification is sent, the central processing unit system receives the power-off interrupt notification, the BGA SDD chip receives the power-off interrupt notification, the storage data is read and written normally, and the power-off alarm is triggered;

[0051] S300: The system is in data protection state: the CPU system starts to save system data, the CPU system actively saves preset user data, the BGA SSD actively writes back cache data, the power failure alarm continues to be triggered, the external power continues to drop, and the load switch and energy storage capacitor module continue to provide energy to maintain the write-back protection of the cache data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD at the end of the system power failure;

[0052] S400: System shutdown state: The CPU system stops running and shuts down, all system data is completely saved, SSD DRAM cache data is completely written back, and the device is powered off.

[0053] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, S100 is the normal working state of the system. If the external power supply fails abnormally (if the system power supply is 12V), a voltage drop occurs. If it drops to the voltage trigger point of the power failure monitoring module (such as 9.5V), the system will enter the S200 trigger state, and then immediately enter the S300 state. At this time, the processor system and BGA SSD chip will start to perform corresponding data protection and data write-back operations. In the meantime, the external power supply will continue to drop, and the power supply of the BGA SSD chip will last longer than the system power supply, but it will eventually disappear completely. Finally, it enters the S400 state, the system shuts down, and the BGA SSD data is completely saved.

[0054] The biggest feature of the above-mentioned BGA SSD power-off protection system and method is that it adopts the thinking of system application, considers the acquisition of power-off signal from the primary power supply, and uses the inherent energy storage characteristics of the board-level system to achieve low-cost and low-complexity power-off protection design. This solution has several advantages over the solution that only focuses on the BGA SSD chip and uses a dedicated backup power circuit:

[0055] The solution adopts the first-level power supply monitoring, which can detect power failures earlier and is more conducive to the preservation of system data. In addition to ensuring the integrity of BGA SSD data, it can also effectively protect the integrity of related business data at the processor system level.

[0056] This solution does not require too many energy storage capacitors. According to the actual system situation, a 470uF capacitor plus a 3A load switch can be implemented, which is small in size and low in cost.

[0057] For some BGA SSD chips that do not support the power-off protection trigger function, this solution can timely complete the data write-back of the DRAM cache area of ​​the relevant BGA SSD through instructions at the processor system level to achieve the effect of BGA SSD data protection. This design idea has a wider range of applications;

[0058] This solution can achieve 100% autonomous control and has great advantages in special application fields.

[0059] The above is a detailed introduction to a BGA SSD power-off protection system and method provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BGASSD power-off protection system, characterized in that: It includes a power supply module, a power failure monitoring module connected to the power supply module, a central processing unit system, a BGA SSD chip, a load switch and an energy storage capacitor module, wherein the power failure monitoring module is connected to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip, and the central processing unit system, the load switch and the energy storage capacitor module are connected to the BGA SSD chip; The power-off monitoring module is used to monitor the power-off of the primary input power supply of the system. When the voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, the power-off interrupt information is sent to the central processing unit system and the BGA SSD chip. After receiving the power-off interruption information, the CPU system promptly initiates system-level data preservation, initiates BGA SSD data protection action and triggers the software shutdown operation process; After the BGA SSD chip receives the power-off interruption information, its internal firmware initiates a cache data write-back instruction operation to complete the cache data write-back work; The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU system and BGA SSD chip; The load switch and energy storage capacitor module are used to provide energy to maintain write-back protection of cached data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD after a system power failure occurs.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: When there is no central processing unit system involved, the BAGSSD chip can also independently receive an external power-off interrupt signal and trigger the internal firmware program to write back the cache data of the BGA SSD chip in time.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The power supply module includes multiple DCDC power chips, which are used to power the central processing unit system and BGA SSD chip.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes a 470uF capacitor plus a 3A load switch. The energy storage capacitor has a part of the inherent energy of the board-level BGA SSD chip that is maintained by the time difference of voltage drop.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The power monitoring module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, an ESD protection device and a voltage monitoring chip; the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in sequence, and the voltage dividing point of the resistors is connected to the power pin of the voltage monitoring chip and the ESD device. The output pin of the voltage monitoring chip is an open-drain output pin, which is connected to the alarm input terminal of the BGASSD chip and the interrupt pin of the central processing unit system.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The load switch and energy storage capacitor module includes an input filter capacitor, an output filter capacitor, a load switch chip, an enable resistor, a current limiting resistor and a key 470uF energy storage capacitor; the input filter capacitor and the power supply are connected to the input end of the load switch chip, the output filter capacitor is connected to the output end of the load switch chip and the key 470uF energy storage capacitor, the enable resistor is connected between the enable pin and the input pin of the load switch chip, and the current limiting resistor is connected between the current limiting pin of the load switch chip and the ground.

7. A BGA SSD power-off protection method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S100: The system is in normal working state: the CPU system is operating normally, the BGA SSD chip is operating normally, the storage data is reading and writing normally, the device is powered on, the power-off monitoring module is turned on, and the primary power supply voltage is normal; S200: The system is in a power-off trigger state: When the power-off monitoring module detects that the primary power supply voltage drops to the voltage trigger point, a power-off interrupt notification is sent, the CPU system receives the power-off interrupt notification, the BGA SDD chip receives the power-off interrupt notification, the storage data is read and written normally, and the power-off alarm is triggered; S300: The system is in data protection state: the CPU system starts to save system data, the CPU system actively saves preset user data, the BGA SSD actively writes back cache data, the power failure alarm continues to be triggered, the external power continues to drop, and the load switch and energy storage capacitor module continue to provide energy to maintain the write-back protection of the cache data in the DRAM of the BGA SSD at the end stage after the system power failure occurs; S400: System shutdown state: The CPU system stops running and shuts down, all system data is completely saved, SSD DRAM cache data is completely written back, and the device is powered off.

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