Parallel operation implementation method based on BMS (Battery Management System)

Abstract

The invention discloses a parallel operation implementation method based on a BMS (Battery Management System), which is characterized in that battery pack modules with the same structure and parameters are designed, and an independent BMS and a communication module are integrated, so that the battery pack modules can communicate with a central controller. The central controller serves as a center of the system and is connected with all the battery pack modules, centralized data management and control are achieved, and an energy management strategy is made according to battery state data. Meanwhile, a complete safety protection mechanism is set, safety parameters of the battery pack are monitored, and protection measures are taken immediately under abnormal conditions. In addition, remote monitoring and intelligent management are achieved through the Internet, and stability and high efficiency of system operation are ensured. By means of modular design, a reasonable communication protocol and an efficient central control system, management and maintenance of the battery system are simplified, flexibility and response speed of the system are enhanced, and therefore powerful technical support is provided for application of renewable energy sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a method for implementing parallel operation based on a BMS system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of battery energy storage technology, in order to improve the performance and reliability of the battery system, the battery management system (BMS) has become an indispensable part. Especially in application scenarios that require greater energy output or redundancy, it has become a common solution to increase the total capacity, power or redundancy of the system by connecting multiple battery packs or battery modules in parallel (parallel operation). This parallel operation can not only improve the availability and efficiency of the system, but also further enhance the safety and economy of the system through intelligent management methods.

[0003] The existing parallel connection methods based on BMS system mainly include modular design, communication connection, central controller, energy management strategy, safety protection mechanism and remote monitoring. Among them, modular design allows the battery pack to be designed into modular units with the same structure and parameters. Each module contains several battery cells and integrates an independent BMS system. Such a design not only improves the scalability of the system, but also facilitates maintenance.

[0004] In the existing technology, the modular design of battery packs needs to ensure that battery modules of different manufacturers and specifications can be interchanged and used in parallel, which requires the design of standard communication interfaces and connection methods to facilitate the connection and communication between modules. In addition, it is also necessary to ensure that each battery pack module has an independent battery management circuit and protection mechanism to prevent the failure of a single module from affecting the overall system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing parallel connection based on the BMS system, which not only simplifies the management and maintenance of the battery system, but also improves the flexibility and response speed of the system through real-time data acquisition, dynamic strategy adjustment and optimized scheduling, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] a. Design battery modules with the same structure and parameters. Each module contains several battery cells and integrates an independent BMS system. A communication module is installed for each battery module to enable it to communicate with the central controller, and a communication protocol is selected;

[0008] b. Install a central controller as the hub of the parallel system to connect all battery modules to achieve centralized data management and control. The central controller calculates the optimal energy allocation plan through the energy management algorithm based on the power SOC, voltage V, and temperature T data reported by each battery module. The energy management algorithm formula is: E opt =f(SOC i , V i , T i ), where E opt Represents the optimal energy allocation scheme, SOC i 、V i 、T i Respectively represent the power, voltage and temperature of the i-th battery module. According to the calculation results, the central controller determines the charging and discharging control and balancing adjustment methods;

[0009] c. Set up a complete safety protection mechanism, including but not limited to setting safety protection parameters and thresholds, and use algorithms to detect short circuits, overcharges, and over-discharges. Once an abnormality is detected, protective measures are taken immediately. The safety protection algorithm formula is:

[0010] Safety=g(Safety parameters ,Safety thresholds ), where Safety represents the safety state, Safety parameters Represents safety parameters, Safety thresholds Represents the preset safety threshold. If Safety is true, the system is safe, otherwise the protection action is triggered;

[0011] d. Realize remote monitoring and intelligent management, conduct real-time monitoring, control and data analysis of the system through Internet connection, and users conduct real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis of the system through terminal devices;

[0012] e. After the system is set up, perform system debugging and optimization to ensure stable system operation.

[0013] Preferably, the module in step (a) also includes ensuring that each battery pack module has a battery management circuit and protection mechanism that are independent of each other.

[0014] Preferably, the communication protocol selected in step (a) includes but is not limited to CAN bus and Modbus.

[0015] Preferably, the central controller in step (b) includes a control algorithm, which adopts a distributed control strategy to ensure effective communication and synchronization of data between modules, and the algorithm formula is:

[0016] Where C(t) represents the control output at time t, f is a nonlinear function used to process input data; W i is the data weight assigned to the i-th module; D i (t) represents the data input of the ii-th module at time t.

[0017] Preferably, the energy management strategy in step (b) includes formulating a charging and discharging strategy based on real-time data and prediction results, and remotely updating the strategy through the TCP protocol to quickly respond to changes in the power grid. The charging and discharging strategy formula is:

[0018] P charge*discharge (t) = g(E t , E pred , S t , P grid (t)) where P charge / discharge (t) represents the charge and discharge power at time t; E t is the current energy storage state; E pred is the predicted future energy storage state; S t is the battery status information at time t; P grid (t) is the grid power demand at time t; g is a function that determines the charging and discharging power based on the variables.

[0019] Preferably, the safety protection mechanism in step (c) includes setting safety protection parameters and thresholds to achieve multiple protections such as short circuit, overcharge, and over-discharge, and can cut off the power supply in time.

[0020] Preferably, the remote monitoring and intelligent management in step (d) includes establishing a connection through the TCP protocol and using the JSON format for data transmission.

[0021] Preferably, the system debugging and optimization in step (e) includes a comprehensive check of whether the connections of various parts are normal and whether the parameters are accurate, and adjusting and optimizing the system according to the actual operating conditions.

[0022] Preferably, the method further comprises backup, using dual backup communication modules or different types of communication protocols.

[0023] Preferably, the method further includes a fault diagnosis and isolation function, that is, each BMS has an independent fault diagnosis function, and the main control system can isolate the faulty BMS.

[0024] Technical Effects and Advantages of the Invention The method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system proposed by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] The present invention can effectively realize the parallel operation of battery packs and improve the system operation efficiency and safety by adopting modular design, reasonable communication protocol and efficient central control system. Specifically, this method not only simplifies the management and maintenance of the battery system, but also improves the flexibility and response speed of the system through real-time data collection, dynamic strategy adjustment and optimized scheduling, providing technical support for the widespread application of renewable energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method for implementing parallel operation of a BMS system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for implementing parallel operation based on a BMS system. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0029] a. Design battery modules with the same structure and parameters. Each module contains several battery cells and integrates an independent BMS system. Such a design can improve the scalability and maintainability of the system and ensure that each battery module has similar performance and characteristics. Install a communication module for each battery module so that it can communicate with the central controller and select the communication protocol;

[0030] Implement standardized design of battery pack modules to ensure that battery modules of different manufacturers and specifications can be interchanged and used in parallel. Design standard communication interfaces and connection methods to facilitate connection and communication between modules. Ensure that each battery pack module has independent battery management circuits and protection mechanisms to prevent the failure of a single module from affecting the overall system. Select appropriate communication protocols, such as CAN bus, Modbus, etc., to achieve data transmission and communication between battery pack modules. Consider the stability of the communication line and the reliability of signal transmission to ensure unimpeded communication between modules in the system.

[0031] Furthermore, the battery pack module also includes a battery management circuit and protection mechanism that ensures that each battery pack module has independent battery management circuits and protection mechanisms. The BMS system of each battery pack module establishes a communication connection with the central controller through the communication module to achieve data transmission. The communication module can use communication protocols such as CAN bus and Modbus to transmit the status data of the battery pack to the central controller.

[0032] b. Install a central controller as the hub of the parallel system to connect all battery modules to achieve centralized data management and control. The central controller calculates the optimal energy allocation plan through the energy management algorithm based on the power SOC, voltage V, and temperature T data reported by each battery module. The energy management algorithm formula is: E opt =f(SOC i , V i , T i ), where E opt Represents the optimal energy allocation scheme, SOC i 、V i 、T i They represent the charge, voltage and temperature of the i-th battery module respectively. According to the calculation results, the central controller determines the charge and discharge control and balancing adjustment methods. The central controller calculates the optimal energy allocation plan through the energy management algorithm based on the charge SOC, voltage V and temperature T data reported by each battery module. The energy management strategy can be adjusted according to user needs to achieve efficient energy utilization and stable operation of the system.

[0033] The central controller also has real-time monitoring, control, fault diagnosis and other functions, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the status of the battery pack. It adopts a distributed control strategy to ensure effective communication and synchronization of data between modules. In addition, the energy management strategy can be adjusted according to user needs to achieve efficient energy utilization and stable operation of the system.

[0034] The central controller collects SOC, voltage, temperature and other data from the battery pack module in real time through the TCP protocol, and uses data analysis algorithms to predict future electricity demand and price changes, providing a basis for formulating charging and discharging strategies.

[0035] Dynamic strategy adjustment: Based on the prediction results, the central controller can dynamically adjust the charging and discharging strategy. For example, charging when the electricity price is low and discharging when the electricity price is high to maximize economic benefits.

[0036] Furthermore, the central controller has functions such as real-time monitoring, control, and fault diagnosis, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the status of the battery pack. The central controller includes a control algorithm and adopts a distributed control strategy to ensure effective communication and synchronization of data between modules. The central controller continuously collects battery status data from each BMS module and performs real-time analysis based on this data. The central controller uses a nonlinear function f to process input data and dynamically adjusts the control strategy according to the status of the battery pack. The algorithm formula is:

[0037] Where C(t) represents the control output at time t, f is a nonlinear function used to process input data; W i is the data weight assigned to the i-th module; D i (t) represents the data input of the ii-th module at time t. This formula aims to quantify the impact of different module data on the overall control system and make corresponding control decisions accordingly.

[0038] Distributed control strategy: In order to ensure effective communication and data synchronization between modules, the central controller adopts a distributed control strategy. This strategy allows each module to operate independently while achieving the purpose of collaborative work through shared information. An important aspect of the distributed control strategy is data synchronization and consistency assurance. For example, a timestamp mechanism is used to ensure the latest data, and two-phase commit and other technologies are used to manage read and write operations between modules to prevent data conflicts.

[0039] Energy management strategies include developing charging and discharging strategies based on real-time data and prediction results, and remotely updating strategies through TCP protocol to quickly respond to grid changes. The charging and discharging strategy formula is: P charge*discharge (t).g(E t , E pred , S t , P grid (t)) where P charge / discharge (t) represents the charge and discharge power at time t; E t is the current energy storage state; E pred is the predicted future energy storage state; S t is the battery status information at time t; P grid (t) is the grid power demand at time t; g is a function that determines the charging and discharging power based on the variables.

[0040] By remotely updating policies via the TCP protocol, the system can adapt to grid changes more quickly and reduce mismatches caused by policy update delays. The charging and discharging strategies formulated based on real-time data and forecast results can better balance energy supply and demand, avoid waste, and extend battery life. The remote update strategy method increases the flexibility of the system, allowing strategies to be quickly adjusted to meet needs in different scenarios. Through real-time monitoring and prediction, preventive measures can be taken in advance to reduce the probability of system instability or failures caused by emergencies.

[0041] The central controller should have functions such as data collection, analysis, and control. The central controller is the energy management system (EMS) cloud platform. In the energy storage system, the energy management system (EMS) cloud platform adjusts the strategy of peak and valley cutting of electricity through the TCP protocol, aiming to achieve the maximum benefit of electricity. The following is an analysis and strategy logic description from the perspective of energy storage:

[0042] Peak shaving refers to releasing stored energy through the energy storage system to reduce the load on the power grid during peak electricity demand periods, while charging the energy storage system to store excess energy during low electricity demand periods. This strategy can effectively balance the load on the power grid, reduce electricity costs, and increase the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0043] As a central control system, the EMS cloud platform is responsible for monitoring and managing the operating status of energy storage equipment. Through real-time data analysis, EMS can predict power demand and electricity price fluctuations, and formulate corresponding charging and discharging strategies.

[0044] The TCP protocol provides a reliable communication mechanism to ensure stable data transmission between EMS and energy storage devices. Through the TCP protocol, EMS can receive grid load, price information and energy storage device status in real time, and then respond quickly.

[0045] Data collection and analysis: EMS collects data such as grid load, price, and weather in real time through the TCP protocol, and uses data analysis algorithms to predict future electricity demand and price changes.

[0046] Charging and discharging decision: Based on the prediction results, EMS formulates charging and discharging strategies. For example, charging when the electricity price is low and discharging when the electricity price is high to maximize economic benefits.

[0047] Optimized dispatch: EMS optimizes dispatch strategies based on the real-time status of the power grid and the charging and discharging capabilities of energy storage equipment to ensure efficient use of electricity.

[0048] Feedback mechanism: By monitoring the operating status of energy storage equipment, EMS can adjust strategies in a timely manner to ensure system flexibility and responsiveness.

[0049] Through the peak-to-valley strategy, the energy storage system can reduce the cost of electricity procurement, improve the efficiency of electricity use, and thus maximize economic benefits. In addition, participating in the regulation service of the electricity market can also bring additional benefits to the energy storage system.

[0050] Through the intelligent dispatch of the EMS cloud platform and the reliable communication of the TCP protocol, the energy storage system can effectively implement the peak-to-valley strategy to maximize the benefits of electric energy. This not only helps to reduce electricity costs, but also promotes the use of renewable energy and promotes sustainable development. Based on the battery module power, voltage, temperature and other data, an energy management strategy is formulated to determine how to control the charge and discharge and balance the battery pack to achieve efficient operation of the system.

[0051] In energy storage systems, energy management strategies are the key to ensuring efficient operation of the system and maximizing economic benefits. The following is a logical description of energy management strategies:

[0052] Maximize economic benefits: Reduce electricity procurement costs and increase profits by optimizing charging and discharging timing.

[0053] Grid stability: Balance grid load, reduce peak power demand, and improve grid reliability.

[0054] Utilization of renewable energy: Improve the absorption capacity of renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy, and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

[0055] Real-time monitoring: Through sensors and smart devices, real-time monitoring of grid load, energy storage equipment status, weather conditions and other data.

[0056] Data analysis: Use data analysis tools to identify electricity demand patterns and price fluctuations and predict future electricity demand.

[0057] Peak discharge: During peak electricity demand periods, the energy storage system releases stored energy to reduce grid load and avoid high electricity prices.

[0058] Off-peak charging: During the off-peak period of electricity demand, the energy storage system is charged to store electricity during the period of low electricity prices.

[0059] Dynamic adjustment: Dynamically adjust the charging and discharging strategies according to real-time electricity prices and grid load changes to cope with emergencies.

[0060] Prioritization: Prioritize based on electricity demand, price and the charging and discharging capacity of energy storage equipment to ensure efficient use of resources.

[0061] Multi-objective optimization: When formulating scheduling strategies, multiple objectives such as economic benefits, environmental impact and system stability are considered and comprehensive optimization is carried out.

[0062] Feedback and Adjustment

[0063] Real-time feedback: By monitoring the system operation status, feedback information can be obtained in real time to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy.

[0064] Strategy adjustment: According to the feedback results, the energy management strategy is adjusted in time to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0065] Reduce electricity costs: Reduce electricity procurement costs and improve economic benefits through efficient charging and discharging strategies.

[0066] Reduce carbon emissions: Increase the utilization rate of renewable energy, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce carbon emissions, and promote sustainable development.

[0067] Energy management strategies are at the core of efficient operation of energy storage systems. Through real-time data collection, dynamic charging and discharging strategies, optimized scheduling, and feedback adjustments, energy storage engineers can ensure that the economic and environmental benefits of the system are maximized. This not only helps improve the stability of the power grid, but also promotes the widespread use of renewable energy.

[0068] c. Set up a complete safety protection mechanism, including but not limited to setting safety protection parameters and thresholds, and use algorithms to detect short circuits, overcharges, and over-discharges. Once an abnormality is detected, protective measures are taken immediately. The safety protection algorithm formula is:

[0069] Safety=g(Safety parameters ,Safety thresholds ), where Safety represents the safety state, Safety parameters Represents safety parameters, Safety threshold Represents the preset safety threshold. If Safety is true, the system is safe, otherwise the protection action is triggered;

[0070] Furthermore, the safety protection mechanism includes setting safety protection parameters and thresholds to achieve multiple protections such as short circuit, overcharge, and over-discharge, and can cut off the power supply in time to ensure the safe operation of the system and equipment.

[0071] In energy storage systems, implementing safety protection measures is the key to ensuring safe and reliable operation of the system. The following is a description of the strategy logic for implementing safety protection measures:

[0072] Prevent accidents: Reduce the risk of equipment failure and accidents through effective safety measures.

[0073] Protect personnel safety: ensure the safety of operators and the surrounding environment to prevent personal injury.

[0074] Ensure equipment integrity: protect energy storage equipment and related facilities, and extend the service life of equipment.

[0075] Identify potential risks: Conduct a comprehensive risk assessment of the energy storage system to identify possible safety hazards, such as battery overheating, short circuit, leakage, etc.

[0076] Assess risk levels: Identify risks and prioritize them based on their likelihood and impact.

[0077] Redundant design: Redundant design is used in key systems, such as dual power supplies, backup equipment, etc., to ensure normal operation when the main system fails.

[0078] Protective measures: Design physical protective measures, such as firewalls, blast walls, and isolation facilities, to reduce the likelihood of accidents.

[0079] Real-time monitoring: Install temperature, pressure, current and other sensors to monitor the operating status of energy storage equipment in real time.

[0080] Alarm system: Set up an alarm system. When an abnormal situation (such as overheating, overpressure, etc.) is detected, the alarm will be issued in time and protective measures will be taken automatically.

[0081] Develop operating procedures: Develop detailed operating procedures and emergency plans to ensure that operators can respond correctly in various situations.

[0082] Regular training: Provide regular training to operators to improve their safety awareness and emergency response capabilities and ensure that they are familiar with operating procedures.

[0083] Regular inspections: Conduct regular safety inspections on energy storage equipment to ensure that the equipment is in good condition and to detect and address potential problems in a timely manner.

[0084] Maintenance: Develop equipment maintenance plans and perform regular maintenance to ensure the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0085] Emergency Plan: Develop a detailed emergency plan, including accident handling procedures, personnel evacuation plan and emergency resource allocation.

[0086] Drills and evaluation: Conduct emergency drills regularly to evaluate the effectiveness of emergency plans and ensure rapid response when actual accidents occur.

[0087] Implementing safety protection measures is the basis for the safe operation of energy storage systems. Through risk assessment, safety design, monitoring and alarm systems, operating procedures and training, as well as regular inspections and maintenance, energy storage engineers can effectively reduce accident risks and protect the safety of personnel and equipment. This not only helps to improve the reliability of the system, but also enhances the public's trust in energy storage technology and promotes its widespread application.

[0088] d. Realize remote monitoring and intelligent management, conduct real-time monitoring, control and data analysis of the system through Internet connection, and users conduct real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis of the system through terminal devices; in addition, remote monitoring and intelligent management include establishing a connection through TCP protocol and using JSON format for data transmission. Users can conduct real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis of the system through terminal devices such as PC and mobile phone App, improving the operating efficiency and convenience of the system.

[0089] In the energy management system (EMS) cloud platform, the remote monitoring system is configured through the TCP protocol to update the energy management strategy in real time to achieve the maximum benefit of electric energy. The following is a detailed description of the implementation strategy and communication protocol:

[0090] Sensor deployment: Deploy sensors at the interface between energy storage devices and the grid to collect current, voltage, power, temperature and other data in real time.

[0091] Data transmission: The collected data is transmitted to the EMS cloud platform through the TCP protocol to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data.

[0092] Load forecasting: Using historical data and machine learning algorithms to predict future electricity demand and price fluctuations.

[0093] Condition monitoring: Real-time monitoring of the status of energy storage equipment, and analysis of its charging and discharging efficiency and health status.

[0094] Strategy formulation: Develop charging and discharging strategies based on real-time data and forecast results, for example, charging when electricity prices are low and discharging when electricity prices are high.

[0095] Remote update: Remotely update the EMS strategy through the TCP protocol to ensure that the system can respond quickly to grid changes.

[0096] Priority management: Optimize charging and discharging scheduling based on power demand, price and energy storage equipment status to ensure efficient use of resources.

[0097] Multi-objective optimization: When formulating scheduling strategies, multiple objectives such as economic benefits, environmental impact and system stability are considered and comprehensive optimization is carried out.

[0098] Real-time feedback mechanism: By monitoring the system operation status, feedback information can be obtained in real time to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy.

[0099] Strategy iteration: Based on the feedback results, timely adjust and optimize the energy management strategy to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0100] Application of TCP protocol

[0101] Connection establishment: The EMS cloud platform and the remote monitoring system establish a persistent connection through the TCP protocol to ensure the reliability of data transmission.

[0102] Data format: JSON format is used for data transmission, which is easy to parse and process.

[0103] Heartbeat mechanism: Heartbeat packets are sent regularly to ensure the stability and real-time nature of the connection, and to detect and handle connection anomalies in a timely manner.

[0104] Error handling: Design an error handling mechanism that can automatically retry or record error logs when data transmission fails or is abnormal, ensuring system stability.

[0105] Through real-time data collection, dynamic strategy adjustment and optimized scheduling, combined with the reliable communication of TCP protocol, EMS cloud platform can effectively realize the maximum benefit of electric energy. This strategy not only improves the utilization efficiency of power resources, but also enhances the flexibility and responsiveness of the system, providing support for the widespread application of renewable energy.

[0106] e. After the system is built, perform system debugging and optimization to ensure stable system operation. In addition, system debugging and optimization include comprehensive inspection of whether the connections of each part are normal, whether the parameters are accurate, and adjust and optimize the system according to the actual operation conditions. Through the above steps, the battery parallel operation method based on the BMS system can effectively realize the parallel operation of the battery pack, improve the performance and stability of the system, and realize the intelligent management and remote monitoring of the battery parallel system.

[0107] In summary, the battery parallel implementation method based on the BMS system realizes the effective management and operation of the battery pack through modular design, communication connection, central controller, energy management strategy, safety protection mechanism and remote monitoring technologies, providing an effective solution for the intelligent and sustainable development of the energy storage system.

[0108] In another embodiment, the above-mentioned BMS system parallel implementation method further includes backup, using dual backup communication modules or different types of communication protocols. The dual backup communication modules are used to implement data backup and fault recovery mechanisms to prevent data loss and leakage.

[0109] In another embodiment, the above-mentioned BMS system parallel implementation method also includes fault diagnosis and isolation functions, that is, each BMS has an independent fault diagnosis function, and the main control system can isolate the faulty BMS. The intelligent battery pack module is used to monitor the battery status in real time, and the system is coordinated with real-time data collection and analysis to achieve fault diagnosis and prevention, detect and handle battery pack faults in advance, and ensure stable operation of the system.

[0110] The following are detailed definitions of key terms and abbreviations for parallel implementation:

[0111] BMS: Battery Management System, a system responsible for monitoring, protecting and managing batteries.

[0112] Parallel Connection: Connecting multiple battery packs, modules or batteries in series to increase capacity, power or redundancy.

[0113] SOC: The remaining power percentage of the battery (StateOfCharge), indicating the amount of electrical energy currently stored in the battery.

[0114] SOH: The state of health of the battery (StateOfHealth), which indicates the degree of degradation of the battery's performance and capacity.

[0115] Cell: The basic unit that makes up a battery pack / module, with a specific capacity and voltage.

[0116] Battery Pack / Module: A functional unit consisting of multiple single cells, usually with a management system.

[0117] Balancing: Ensure that the voltage or capacity of each single cell in the battery pack / module remains consistent to improve the performance and life of the battery pack.

[0118] Master-Slave Control (Master-SlaveContro1): In a parallel system, a master controller is responsible for coordinating and managing multiple slave controllers to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0119] Thermal Management: Monitor and control the temperature of the battery pack / module to prevent damage from overheating or overcooling.

[0120] Fault Diagnosis: Real-time monitoring of faults in the battery system, and ensuring safe operation of the system through alarms or automatic switching of protection measures.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a. Design battery modules with the same structure and parameters. Each module contains several battery cells and integrates an independent BMS system. A communication module is installed for each battery module to enable it to communicate with the central controller, and a communication protocol is selected; b. Install a central controller as the hub of the parallel system to connect all battery modules to achieve centralized data management and control. The central controller calculates the optimal energy allocation plan through the energy management algorithm based on the power SOC, voltage V, and temperature T data reported by each battery module. The energy management algorithm formula is: E opt = / (SOC i , V i , T i ), where E opt Represents the optimal energy allocation scheme, SOC i 、V i , T i Respectively represent the power, voltage and temperature of the i-th battery module. According to the calculation results, the central controller determines the charging and discharging control and balancing adjustment methods; c. Set up a complete safety protection mechanism, including but not limited to setting safety protection parameters and thresholds, and use algorithms to detect short circuits, overcharges, and over-discharges. Once an abnormality is detected, protective measures are taken immediately. The safety protection algorithm formula is: Safety=g(Safety parameters ,Safety thresholds ), where Safety represents the safety state, Safety parameters Represents safety parameters, Safety thresholds Represents the preset safety threshold. If Safety is true, the system is safe, otherwise the protection action is triggered; d. Realize remote monitoring and intelligent management, conduct real-time monitoring, control and data analysis of the system through Internet connection, and users conduct real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis of the system through terminal devices; e. After the system is set up, perform system debugging and optimization to ensure stable system operation.

2. A method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The module in step (a) also includes ensuring that each battery pack module has independent battery management circuits and protection mechanisms.

3. A method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication protocol selected in step (a) includes but is not limited to CAN bus and Modbus.

4. A method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller in step (b) includes a control algorithm, which adopts a distributed control strategy to ensure effective communication and synchronization of data between modules. The algorithm formula is: Where C(t) represents the control output at time t, f is a nonlinear function used to process input data; W i is the data weight assigned to the i-th module; D i (t) represents the data input of the ii-th module at time t.

5. The method for implementing parallel connection based on BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management strategy in step (b) includes formulating a charging and discharging strategy based on real-time data and prediction results, and remotely updating the strategy through the TCP protocol to quickly respond to grid changes. The charging and discharging strategy formula is: P charge*discharge (t) = g(E t , E pred , S t , P grid (t)) where P charge / discharge (t) represents the charge and discharge power at time t; E t is the current energy storage state; E pred is the predicted future energy storage state; S t is the battery status information at time t; P grid (t) is the grid power demand at time t; g is a function that determines the charging and discharging power based on the variables.

6. A method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety protection mechanism in step (c) includes setting safety protection parameters and thresholds to achieve short circuit, overcharge, over-discharge and other protections, and can cut off the power supply in time.

7. The method for implementing parallel connection based on a BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote monitoring and intelligent management in step (d) includes establishing a connection through the TCP protocol and using the JSON format for data transmission.

8. The method for implementing parallel connection based on BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system debugging and optimization in step (e) includes a comprehensive check of whether the connections of various parts are normal and whether the parameters are accurate, and adjusting and optimizing the system according to the actual operating conditions.

9. The method for implementing parallel connection based on BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes backup, using dual backup communication modules or different types of communication protocols.

10. The method for implementing parallel connection based on BMS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes a fault diagnosis and isolation function, that is, each BMS has an independent fault diagnosis function, and the main control system can isolate the faulty BMS.

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