Intelligent micro circuit breaker early warning control system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent micro circuit breaker early warning control system based on the Internet of Things in the field of circuit protection devices, and the system collects real-time current characteristics through a data collection module, compares the real-time current characteristics with stored current characteristics in a current characteristic database through a fault judgment module, facilitates the quick judgment of the fault type, and improves the fault detection accuracy. Fault type early warning information is sent to the remote monitoring end, so that maintenance decision making by remote monitoring end personnel is facilitated; meanwhile, the opening and closing state of the knife switch is judged by arranging a travel switch, the opening and closing state of the knife switch is controlled through an electric drive opening and closing mechanism, when normal current fluctuation occurs in a circuit and the knife switch trips, automatic closing operation of the knife switch is carried out, the situation that a dispatched person rushes to the site for operation is replaced, and the maintenance efficiency is improved; and the non-fault judgment unit is used for judging the fault and the fire of the electrical equipment and sending out more accurate early warning information, so that the personnel at the remote monitoring end can take more powerful treatment measures conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an Internet of Things early warning control system, and in particular to an Internet of Things-based intelligent micro-break early warning control system applied in the field of circuit protection devices. Background Art

[0002] The core of the existing micro circuit breaker control system is composed of the opening / closing drive mechanism and control components. The opening mechanism can quickly cut off the circuit in an emergency to protect equipment and personal safety; the closing mechanism is responsible for restoring circuit connectivity after the fault is cleared. The control component accurately senses the circuit status and intelligently commands the opening and closing to ensure the safe operation of the electrical system. The system not only supports remote opening and closing operations, but also retains manual control methods, enhancing flexibility and safety performance. Micro circuit breakers play a vital role in electrical systems with their high-speed power-off, precise protection and repeated reliable actions.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN114388314B discloses a circuit breaker control system, wherein the circuit breaker includes a bidirectional magnetic holding device and an instantaneous protection unit, wherein the bidirectional magnetic holding device is used to drive the circuit breaker to open or close and provide corresponding magnetic holding force when the opening or closing is completed, and the instantaneous protection unit is used to trip and open the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker fails. The circuit breaker control system can automatically detect the circuit breaker state and receive an external control signal, so as to trigger the bidirectional magnetic holding device to close or open the circuit breaker according to the circuit breaker state or the external control signal, or trigger the instantaneous protection unit to quickly trip the moving contact and the static contact for protection when the circuit breaker is overloaded or short-circuited.

[0004] The above patent realizes the automatic operation of opening and closing the gate, but its operation is based on the circuit breaker status and external signals. It is unable to issue early warnings and select operation strategies according to the fault type. When facing large-scale deployment in the Internet of Things environment, the existing micro circuit breaker control system is difficult to meet the intelligent needs in the maintenance and repair process and the urgent requirements for timely response. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing micro circuit breaker control system is unable to provide early warning and select an operation strategy according to the fault type.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intelligent micro-circuit breaker early warning control system based on the Internet of Things, including an electrical terminal and a remote monitoring terminal. The electrical terminal includes an electrical cabinet and a controller. A mounting plate for mounting a micro-circuit breaker is provided in the electrical cabinet. A current sensor connected to the micro-circuit breaker through a cable is also provided on the mounting plate. An electric drive opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the micro-circuit breaker is provided on the outer side of the micro-circuit breaker.

[0007] The electric drive opening and closing mechanism comprises an upper hinged part hinged with the knife switch, a traction rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper hinged part, a magnetic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the traction rod, a mounting cylinder slidably connected to the outer side of the magnetic rod is sleeved, a travel switch arranged opposite to the upper end of the magnetic rod is arranged on the top of the inner side of the mounting cylinder, an electromagnetic coil sleeved on the outer side of the magnetic rod is nested in the lower shell wall of the mounting cylinder, and the lower part of the mounting cylinder is hinged to the outer wall of the micro circuit breaker through a lower hinge seat;

[0008] The controller includes an end-side processing module, the input end of the end-side processing module is connected to a fault judgment module, the input end of the fault judgment module is respectively connected to a data collection module and a current characteristic database, the input end of the data collection module is connected to a current monitoring module and a closing state monitoring module, the input end of the current monitoring module is connected to a current sensor, the closing state monitoring module is connected to a travel switch, and the current characteristic database stores current characteristics corresponding to various circuit faults; the output end of the end-side processing module is respectively connected to an early warning module and an execution module, the early warning module is connected to a communication module, and the communication module is connected to a remote monitoring end through a communication network; the output end of the execution module is connected to an electric drive opening and closing mechanism.

[0009] In the above-mentioned intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things, the fault judgment module is used to judge the current characteristics and then determine the fault type, and the terminal processing module, warning module and execution module are used to send warning information and select the execution strategy.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the current characteristic database stores normal fluctuating current characteristics, short-circuit current characteristics, open-circuit current characteristics, overload current characteristics and open-circuit current characteristics. The early warning module includes an early warning information production unit, which generates early warning information according to the fault type.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fault judgment module includes a circuit fault judgment unit and a non-circuit fault judgment unit. The circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to current characteristics, and the non-circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to the operating status of the equipment.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the closing state monitoring module includes a state identification unit, a timing unit and a counting unit.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the input end of the data collection module is also connected to a smoke monitoring module, and the input end of the smoke monitoring module is connected to a smoke sensor, which monitors the smoke in the electrical cabinet.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the micro circuit breaker is a thermal magnetic trip micro circuit breaker.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic rod is a round rod with a disc-shaped structure on the upper part, and the travel switch is a mechanical press-type travel switch.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper hinge includes a connecting plate arranged on the outside of the gate knife and a group of rings fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The front section of the gate knife is provided with a rod-shaped portion, and the ring is rotatably sleeved on the rod-shaped portion of the front section of the gate knife.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper hinge, the traction rod and the installation tube are all made of insulating materials, and the magnetic rod is made of magnetic material.

[0018] In summary, the present invention collects real-time current characteristics through a data collection module, and compares the real-time current characteristics with the stored current characteristics in a current characteristic database through a fault judgment module, so as to quickly judge the fault type, and send fault type warning information to the remote monitoring end, so as to facilitate the remote monitoring end personnel to make maintenance decisions; at the same time, by setting a travel switch to judge the opening and closing state of the knife, and controlling the opening and closing state of the knife through an electric drive opening and closing mechanism, when normal current fluctuations occur in the circuit and the knife trips, the knife is automatically closed, instead of dispatching personnel to the site for operation, thereby improving maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system module diagram of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a processing flow chart when the micro circuit breaker trips;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the micro circuit breaker in the electrical cabinet in this application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the electric drive opening and closing mechanism in this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly of the electric drive opening and closing mechanism in this application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper hinge in this application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the electric drive opening and closing mechanism in this application pushes the knife to close the switch;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a module diagram of the fault judgment module in this application;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a module diagram of the closing status monitoring module in this application;

[0028] Fig.10 The flowchart is a processing flow chart of the sensor and micro circuit breaker failure when the current is not the rated current;

[0029] Fig.11 The flowchart is for processing the failure of the sensor and the micro circuit breaker when the current is the rated current.

[0030] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0031] 1. Electrical cabinet; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Micro circuit breaker; 4. Cable; 5. Current sensor; 6. Smoke sensor; 7. Electric drive opening and closing mechanism; 8. Switch; 9. Upper hinge; 901. Connecting plate; 902. Ring; 10. Drawbar; 11. Magnetic rod; 12. Mounting cylinder; 13. Electromagnetic coil; 14. Lower hinge seat; 15. Travel switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes two implementation modes of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The first implementation method:

[0034] Figure 1-7 The figure shows an intelligent micro-circuit breaker early warning control system based on the Internet of Things, including an electrical terminal and a remote monitoring terminal. The electrical terminal includes an electrical cabinet 1 and a controller. A mounting plate 2 for mounting a micro-circuit breaker 3 is provided in the electrical cabinet 1. A current sensor 5 connected to the micro-circuit breaker 3 through a cable 4 is also provided on the mounting plate 2. An electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 for opening and closing a switch 8 thereof is provided on the outer side of the micro-circuit breaker 3.

[0035] The electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 includes an upper hinged part 9 hinged to the knife switch 8, a traction rod 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper hinged part 9, a magnetic rod 11 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the traction rod 10, a mounting cylinder 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the magnetic rod 11 and is slidably connected to the magnetic rod 11, a travel switch 15 is arranged opposite to the upper end of the magnetic rod 11 on the inner top of the mounting cylinder 12, an electromagnetic coil 13 sleeved on the outer side of the magnetic rod 11 is nested in the lower shell wall of the mounting cylinder 12, and the lower part of the mounting cylinder 12 is hinged to the outer wall of the micro circuit breaker 3 through a lower hinge seat 14;

[0036] The controller includes an end-side processing module, the input end of the end-side processing module is connected to a fault judgment module, the input end of the fault judgment module is respectively connected to a data collection module and a current characteristic database, the input end of the data collection module is connected to a current monitoring module and a closing state monitoring module, the input end of the current monitoring module is connected to a current sensor 5, the closing state monitoring module is connected to a travel switch 15, and the current characteristic database stores current characteristics corresponding to various circuit faults; the output end of the end-side processing module is respectively connected to an early warning module and an execution module, the early warning module is connected to a communication module, and the communication module is connected to a remote monitoring end through a communication network; the output end of the execution module is connected to an electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7.

[0037] Specifically, when the micro circuit breaker 3 is closed, the current sensor 5 is used to monitor the current flowing through in real time to obtain the real-time current characteristics, and the obtained current characteristics are transmitted to the data collection module through the current monitoring module. The data collection module transmits the real-time current characteristics to the fault judgment module. The fault judgment module compares the real-time current characteristics with the stored current characteristics in the current characteristic database. When the real-time current characteristics match the stored current characteristics, the fault judgment module transmits the judgment information to the end-side processing module. The end-side processing module executes the early warning module and the execution module according to the judgment information. The early warning module sends an early warning to the remote monitoring end through the communication module, and executes the operation of opening and closing the knife 8 through the execution module, and monitors the opening and closing state of the knife 8 through the travel switch 15.

[0038] In order to further illustrate the above process, Figure 1 and 2 Let's take an example:

[0039] Example 1: When a normal current fluctuation occurs in the circuit flowing through the micro circuit breaker 3, and the fluctuation value exceeds the tripping current of the micro circuit breaker 3 but is less than the fluctuation value of the short-circuit current, the micro circuit breaker 3 trips, and the fault judgment module judges that the current is within the normal fluctuation range based on the real-time current characteristics. The terminal processing module starts the early warning module, sends an early warning message to the remote monitoring terminal through the communication module, and starts the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 through the execution module. The electromagnetic coil 13 of the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 is energized, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 13 pushes the magnetic rod 11 to move upward. The magnetic rod 11 drives the knife 8 to close again through the traction rod 10 and the upper hinge 9, without the need for manual work to go to the site to close the switch;

[0040] Example 2 shows that when the normal current flowing through the circuit of the micro circuit breaker 3 drops from the normal value to zero, and the switch 8 does not trip, it means that the circuit is broken. At this time, the early warning module sends the circuit breaker fault information to the remote monitoring end, and the remote monitoring end sends maintenance personnel to the site for maintenance. The electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 disconnects the switch 8 of the closed micro circuit breaker 3, reducing the danger of the operator suddenly conducting the circuit during line wiring, and improving the safety of operation; in addition, the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 uses the electromagnetic coil 13 as the power source, and cuts off the power after the closing is completed to avoid affecting the subsequent manual opening and closing of the switch 8;

[0041] Example 3: When the current flowing through is lower than the tripping current of the switch 8 and is greater than the rated current for a long time, and the duration exceeds the set time threshold, that is, the overload time exceeds the set time threshold, the early warning module issues an early warning message, and at the same time, the execution module starts the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 to realize the opening of the micro circuit breaker 3, so as to prevent the circuit from being overloaded for a long time in advance;

[0042] It should be noted that the current fluctuation characteristics are different when the circuit experiences normal current fluctuations (the current value increases instantaneously and is not sustained), short circuit (the current increase during short circuit is much higher than overload, generally up to dozens of times the rated current), overload (the current increase during overload is relatively small, generally between 1 and 10 times the rated current) and open circuit (the circuit is cut off and the current drops to zero instantaneously). This makes it easier to determine the type of fault, and then send different fault type warning information, and then decide whether to perform automatic closing operations (normal current fluctuations) or dispatch maintenance personnel to the site (other situations besides normal current fluctuations include but are not limited to overload, short circuit, open circuit, etc.), thereby improving decision-making efficiency.

[0043] Compared with the traditional electrical early warning control system, the present invention collects real-time current characteristics through the data collection module, and compares the real-time current characteristics with the stored current characteristics in the current characteristic database through the fault judgment module, so as to quickly judge the fault type and send fault type early warning information to the remote monitoring end, so as to facilitate the remote monitoring end personnel to make maintenance decisions; at the same time, by providing a travel switch 15 to judge the opening and closing state of the knife 8, and controlling the opening and closing state of the knife 8 through the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7, when the circuit has normal current fluctuations and the knife 8 trips, the knife 8 is automatically closed, instead of dispatching personnel to the site for operation, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, the micro circuit breaker 3 is a thermal magnetic trip micro circuit breaker.

[0045] Specifically, the thermal-magnetic tripping micro circuit breaker combines the advantages of thermal tripping and magnetic tripping, and can provide both overload protection and short-circuit protection.

[0046] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The magnetic rod 11 is a round rod with a disc-shaped structure on the upper part, and the travel switch 15 is a mechanical press-type travel switch.

[0047] Specifically, when the knife switch 8 is closed upward, the upper disc portion of the magnetic rod 11 presses the travel switch 15 , and when it is disengaged, the movable end of the mechanically pressed travel switch 15 pops out, thereby facilitating the monitoring of the state of the knife switch 8 .

[0048] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The upper hinge 9 includes a connecting plate 901 arranged on the outside of the gate knife 8 and a group of rings 902 fixedly connected to the connecting plate 901. The front section of the gate knife 8 is provided with a rod-shaped portion, and the ring 902 is rotatably sleeved on the rod-shaped portion of the front section of the gate knife 8.

[0049] Specifically, it is convenient to manually and electromagnetically drive the knife switch 8, and the two methods do not interfere with each other.

[0050] It should be noted that the upper hinge 9, the traction rod 10 and the installation tube 12 are all made of insulating materials, and the magnetic rod 11 is made of magnetic material.

[0051] Specifically, the insulating material is one of polyamide, polycarbonate, and polybutylene terephthalate, and the magnetic material is one of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet material, and ferrite permanent magnet material.

[0052] See also Figure 1 The current characteristic database stores normal fluctuating current characteristics, short-circuit current characteristics, open-circuit current characteristics, overload current characteristics and open-circuit current characteristics. The early warning module includes an early warning information production unit, and the early warning information generation unit generates early warning information according to the fault type.

[0053] Specifically, the warning information generation unit generates warning information according to the fault type to provide monitoring personnel with more decision-making basis, so as to facilitate the determination of the danger level of the fault and provide assistance in the selection of response strategies.

[0054] Second implementation method:

[0055] Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 8-11 An intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things is shown. On the basis of the first implementation mode, the fault judgment module includes a circuit fault judgment unit and a non-circuit fault judgment unit. The circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to current characteristics, and the non-circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to the operating status of the equipment.

[0056] For details, please refer to Figure 8 and Fig.10 When the current monitored by the current sensor 5 fluctuates and the current value is greater than the tripping trigger current of the knife 8 of the micro circuit breaker 3, the knife 8 of the micro circuit breaker 3 does not trip, or, when the current value of the current monitored by the current sensor 5 is less than the tripping trigger current of the knife 8 of the micro circuit breaker 3, the knife 8 of the micro circuit breaker 3 trips. The above two situations indicate that at least one of the micro circuit breaker 3 and the current sensor 5 is damaged. After the non-circuit fault judgment unit captures the above features, the terminal side processing module enables the early warning module to generate equipment damage early warning information to remind the remote monitoring end to dispatch personnel for maintenance.

[0057] See also Figure 1 and Fig. 9 The closing state monitoring module includes a state identification unit, a timing unit and a counting unit.

[0058] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Fig.11, use the state recognition unit, timing unit and counting unit to record the opening and closing state of the knife 8 and the number of times the knife 8 is opened and closed during the monitoring period. When the current flowing through is the rated current and there is no fluctuation, but the knife 8 trips multiple times within a period of time, and the current monitored is the rated current, the non-circuit fault judgment unit can conclude that the micro circuit breaker 3 itself has a fault and needs to be dispatched for maintenance.

[0059] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 The input end of the data collection module is also connected to a smoke monitoring module, and the input end of the smoke monitoring module is connected to a smoke sensor 6. The smoke sensor 6 monitors the smoke in the electrical cabinet 1, and the smoke sensor 6 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 2.

[0060] Specifically, when a fire occurs in the electrical cabinet 1, but the current sensor 5 does not detect a change in current, at this time, the non-circuit fault judgment unit can determine whether there is an external fire that affects the circuit safety. When the smoke concentration of the smoke sensor 6 reaches the alarm value, the non-circuit fault judgment unit determines that there is a fire situation caused by a non-circuit fault. The early warning module transmits the fire information to the remote monitoring end for early warning, and starts the electric drive opening and closing mechanism 7 through the execution module to open the switch 8 of the micro circuit breaker 3 of each line, thereby reducing the combustion intensity caused by the conduction of the line during the fire and improving safety.

[0061] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: The invention comprises an electrical terminal and a remote monitoring terminal. The electrical terminal comprises an electrical cabinet (1) and a controller. A mounting plate (2) for mounting a micro circuit breaker (3) is provided in the electrical cabinet (1). A current sensor (5) connected to the micro circuit breaker (3) via a cable (4) is also provided on the mounting plate (2). An electric drive opening and closing mechanism (7) for opening and closing a switch (8) thereof is provided on the outer side of the micro circuit breaker (3). The electric drive opening and closing mechanism (7) comprises an upper hinged member (9) hinged to the switch blade (8), the lower end of the upper hinged member (9) is fixedly connected to a traction rod (10), the lower end of the traction rod (10) is fixedly connected to a magnetic rod (11), the outer side of the magnetic rod (11) is sleeved with a mounting cylinder (12) slidably connected thereto, the inner top of the mounting cylinder (12) is provided with a travel switch (15) arranged opposite to the upper end of the magnetic rod (11), the lower shell wall of the mounting cylinder (12) is embedded with an electromagnetic coil (13) sleeved on the outer side of the magnetic rod (11), and the lower part of the mounting cylinder (12) is hinged to the outer wall of the micro circuit breaker (3) through a lower hinge seat (14); The controller comprises an end-side processing module, the input end of the end-side processing module is connected to a fault judgment module, the input end of the fault judgment module is respectively connected to a data collection module and a current characteristic database, the input end of the data collection module is connected to a current monitoring module and a closing state monitoring module, the input end of the current monitoring module is connected to a current sensor (5), the closing state monitoring module is connected to a travel switch (15), and the current characteristic database stores current characteristics corresponding to various circuit faults; the output end of the end-side processing module is respectively connected to an early warning module and an execution module, the early warning module is connected to a communication module, and the communication module is connected to a remote monitoring end via a communication network; the output end of the execution module is connected to an electric drive opening and closing mechanism (7).

2. According to the Internet of Things-based intelligent micro-break warning control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The current characteristic database stores normal fluctuating current characteristics, short-circuit current characteristics, open-circuit current characteristics, overload current characteristics and open-circuit current characteristics. The early warning module includes an early warning information production unit, which generates early warning information according to the fault type.

3. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fault judgment module includes a circuit fault judgment unit and a non-circuit fault judgment unit. The circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to current characteristics, and the non-circuit fault judgment unit performs fault judgment according to the operating status of the equipment.

4. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The closing state monitoring module comprises a state identification unit, a timing unit and a counting unit.

5. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The input end of the data collection module is also connected to a smoke monitoring module, and the input end of the smoke monitoring module is connected to a smoke sensor (6), which monitors the smoke in the electrical cabinet (1).

6. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The micro circuit breaker (3) is a thermal magnetic tripping micro circuit breaker.

7. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic rod (11) is a round rod with a disc-shaped structure at the upper part, and the travel switch (15) is a mechanical press-type travel switch.

8. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper hinge (9) comprises a connecting plate (901) arranged outside the gate blade (8) and a group of sleeves (902) fixedly connected to the connecting plate (901); a rod-shaped portion is provided at the front section of the gate blade (8); and the sleeve (902) is rotatably sleeved on the rod-shaped portion at the front section of the gate blade (8).

9. The intelligent micro-break warning control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The upper hinge (9), the traction rod (10) and the installation tube (12) are all made of insulating materials, and the magnetic rod (11) is made of magnetic material.

Images