Intelligent motor overload overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and a control method thereof, and the circuit comprises a control module, a preset protection voltage adjustment module, a voltage sampling module, a voltage comparison module, an overtime and overvoltage judgment module, and a power absorption module. A comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with a comparison signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module, a judgment signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module is connected with a controlled end of the power absorption module, and a sampling signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module is connected with a sampling signal input end of the control module. The overtime control signal output end of the control module is connected with the overtime control signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module, and the overtime overvoltage judgment module not only can monitor the occurrence of an overload overvoltage signal, but also can judge the duration of the signal, thereby avoiding the long-time conduction of a resistor, and improving the reliability of the circuit. The problem of overheating or burnout caused by continuous conduction of a resistor in traditional hardware protection is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, and in particular to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, traditional motor overload and overvoltage protection circuits usually use two processing methods: software and hardware. The software method relies on complex algorithms to identify feedback voltage or abnormal signals, and stops the motor from running to avoid the generation of feedback voltage. However, this method has problems such as complex implementation and delayed response, and cannot effectively eliminate the feedback voltage in a timely manner. The hardware method uses a voltage comparator and a fixed overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to trigger a power absorption resistor to bridge between the positive and negative poles of the motor power supply to absorb the feedback voltage. Although this method can respond quickly, its preset protection voltage is usually not adjustable, and when the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly, the power absorption resistor may be turned on for a long time, resulting in the risk of overheating or even burning. Therefore, this hardware processing method lacks intelligence and has limited protection effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of delayed software processing response, inability to eliminate feedback voltage in time, and overheating or burning of power absorption resistors due to fixed protection voltage in traditional motor overload and overvoltage protection circuits, the present application provides an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and a control method thereof.

[0004] An intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, the intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection comprises a control module, a preset protection voltage regulation module, a voltage sampling module, a voltage comparison module, a timeout overvoltage judgment module and a power absorption module, the signal input end of the voltage sampling module is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor, the signal output end of the voltage sampling module is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module, the power input end of the preset protection voltage regulation module is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply, the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage regulation module is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module, and the voltage regulation controlled end of the preset protection voltage regulation module is connected to the voltage regulation signal output end of the control module, so as to realize the regulation of the preset protection voltage through the control module; The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module to output the corresponding comparison signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module. The judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module. The sampling signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module. The timeout control signal output end of the control module is connected to the timeout control signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module. The timeout overvoltage judgment module outputs a first judgment signal to the power absorption module according to the comparison signal on the one hand, and outputs a corresponding acquisition signal to the control module according to the comparison signal on the other hand, so that the control module outputs a corresponding timeout control signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module according to the acquisition signal, and then the timeout overvoltage judgment module outputs a second judgment signal to the power absorption module according to the timeout control signal. The power absorption module controls whether the power absorption resistor absorbs energy according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application combines the preset protection voltage adjustment module with the control module, so that the system can dynamically adjust the preset protection voltage for overload and overvoltage, instead of relying on a fixed voltage value. This adjustment method can more flexibly adapt to different power supply conditions and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by fixed voltage values. This design solves the problem at the software level; and the power absorption module solves the problem of power absorption of the feedback voltage during overload and overvoltage, and through the linkage of the control module, the timeout overvoltage judgment module and the power absorption module, the power absorption resistor can be started or closed in time when the overload and overvoltage situation is detected. The timeout overvoltage judgment module can not only monitor the occurrence of the overload and overvoltage signal, but also judge the duration of the signal. If the overload and overvoltage signal lasts too long, the timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module through the control module to avoid the power absorption resistor from being turned on for a long time. This intelligent control avoids the situation where the resistor is turned on for a long time, which not only improves the protection efficiency, but also reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by the continuous conduction of the resistor in traditional hardware protection.

[0006] Preferably, the voltage sampling module includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the capacitor C4 is connected between a common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 and the ground, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the resistors and capacitors in the voltage sampling module can be used to accurately divide and filter the voltage, so as to accurately collect the power supply voltage signal of the motor, avoid errors caused by voltage fluctuations or noise, ensure the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of motor overload and overvoltage protection, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0008] Preferably, the preset protection voltage regulating module includes a preset protection voltage generating unit and a voltage regulating unit, the preset protection voltage generating unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a three-terminal regulator D1 and a capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input end of the three-terminal regulator D1, the output end of the three-terminal regulator D1 is grounded, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R3, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the regulating signal output end of the voltage regulating unit, the capacitor C1 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 and the ground, the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the feedback end of the three-terminal regulator D1.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a stable overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage can be generated through the resistor, three-terminal regulator and capacitor in the preset protection voltage adjustment module, and the voltage can be dynamically adjusted through the voltage adjustment unit to adapt to different power supply environments and motor load conditions, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the system in coping with changeable power supply environments and avoiding false triggering caused by fixed protection voltage.

[0010] Preferably, the voltage regulating unit includes a transport amplifier U1 and a resistor R4, the first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage regulating signal output end of the control module, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input end of the transport amplifier U1, the output end of the transport amplifier is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, and the negative input end of the transport amplifier and the output end of the transport amplifier are directly connected through feedback to form a common-phase amplifier circuit.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the voltage regulation signal of the control module can be adjusted in real time through the transport amplifier and resistor in the voltage regulation unit to ensure the accuracy and stability of the preset protection voltage and prevent the protection voltage from failing due to voltage drift or external voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the reliability and response speed of the motor overload and overvoltage protection.

[0012] Preferably, the voltage comparison module includes an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7, the first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the power supply, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output end of the voltage sampling module, the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage regulation module, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the voltage comparison function can be realized through the combination of operational amplifiers and resistors, ensuring the accurate comparison between the motor supply voltage and the preset protection voltage, quickly generating an overload or overvoltage comparison signal, and judging the duration of the signal through the timeout overvoltage judgment module, effectively preventing false operations caused by short-term voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the stability and anti-interference ability of the motor protection system.

[0014] Preferably, the timeout overvoltage judgment module includes a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11, the first end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module, the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module, the signal acquisition unit includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6, the first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R8 is grounded, the common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10, the capacitor C6 is connected between the second end of the resistor R10 and the ground, and the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the signal acquisition unit and the switch control unit in the timeout overvoltage judgment module can accurately collect and analyze the duration of the overload overvoltage signal to prevent short-term voltage anomalies from causing unnecessary protection actions. At the same time, the working state of the power absorption module can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal duration, thereby improving the intelligence level of the motor protection system and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0016] Preferably, the switch control unit includes a MOS tube Q1 and a resistor R12, the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R11, the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the controlled end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output end of the control module, and the resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module and the ground.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the power absorption module can be accurately controlled through the MOS tube and resistor in the switch control unit. When the overload and overvoltage signal continues to exceed the set time, the power absorption resistor is automatically turned off to avoid long-term energy absorption and causing resistor overheating or damage, thereby improving the safety and service life of the motor protection system.

[0018] Preferably, the power absorption module includes a MOS tube Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13, a first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to a VCC power supply, a second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to a first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2, a second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and a controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to a judgment signal output end of a timeout overvoltage judgment module, so as to control whether the power absorption resistor R13 absorbs feedback voltage generated by motor overload and overvoltage according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the MOS tube and power absorption resistor in the power absorption module can quickly absorb excess voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, preventing the motor controller and the power supply system from being damaged by overvoltage. The conduction time of the power absorption resistor can be dynamically adjusted through the timeout overvoltage judgment module to ensure effective protection of the motor under different power supply environments and avoid system damage caused by motor overload or overvoltage, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0020] A control method for an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection is applied to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection. Obtain the power supply voltage and overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage; Compare the supply voltage with the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to generate a corresponding comparison result, and generate a corresponding comparison signal according to the comparison result, wherein the comparison signal at least includes an overload and overvoltage signal of a high level and a normal signal of a low level, wherein when the supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is a normal signal, and when the supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal; When the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal, monitor and record the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal in real time, and compare the duration with the determined preset duration; If the duration does not exceed the determined preset duration, a first judgment signal is generated, wherein the first judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to absorb and consume energy; If the duration exceeds the determined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated, and the second judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to stop absorbing energy.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to obtain the power supply voltage and the preset protection voltage in real time and compare the generated overload and overvoltage signals to accurately determine whether the motor is in an abnormal state, and adjust the working state of the power absorption module according to the duration of the abnormality to ensure that the motor is protected in time during short-term overvoltage. At the same time, it avoids system damage caused by long-term overvoltage, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0022] Preferably, before the step of obtaining the power supply voltage and the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage, the method further includes: Determine a target source for powering the motor, the target source comprising at least a user interaction terminal and a motor internal parameter database; Obtaining the priority of each of the target sources, and selecting a corresponding priority source according to the priority; Obtain demand information of the priority source, and determine a corresponding overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to the demand information.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to determine the priority according to the target source of motor power supply, dynamically obtain the demand information of the priority source, and adjust the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to this information, ensuring that the system can be personalized for different application scenarios, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the motor protection system and providing more accurate and efficient protection in various power supply environments.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application combines the preset protection voltage adjustment module with the control module, so that the system can dynamically adjust the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage instead of relying on a fixed voltage value. This adjustment method can more flexibly adapt to different power supply conditions and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by fixed voltage values. This design solves the problem at the software level; 2. This application solves the problem of power absorption of feedback voltage during overload and overvoltage through the power absorption module, and through the linkage of the control module, the timeout overvoltage judgment module and the power absorption module, it can start or shut down the power absorption resistor in time when the overload and overvoltage situation is detected. The timeout overvoltage judgment module can not only monitor the occurrence of overload and overvoltage signals, but also judge the duration of the signal. If the overload and overvoltage signal lasts too long, the timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module through the control module to avoid the power absorption resistor from being turned on for a long time. This intelligent control avoids the situation where the resistor is turned on for a long time, which not only improves the protection efficiency, but also reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by continuous conduction of the resistor in traditional hardware protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a specific structural diagram of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a control method of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in one embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is another implementation flow chart of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in one embodiment of the present application; Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 10. Voltage sampling module; 11. Preset protection voltage adjustment module; 12. Voltage comparison module; 13. Timeout overvoltage judgment module; 14. Power absorption module; 15. Control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the present application discloses an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, which specifically includes the following steps: An intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, the intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection comprises a control module 15, a preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, a voltage sampling module 10, a voltage comparison module 12, a timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 and a power absorption module 14, the signal input end of the voltage sampling module 10 is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor, the signal output end of the voltage sampling module 10 is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12, the power input end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply, the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12, and the voltage adjustment controlled end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 is connected to the voltage adjustment signal output end of the control module 15, so as to adjust the preset protection voltage through the control module 15; The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12 is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to output the corresponding comparison signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module 14, the sampling signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module 15, the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15 is connected to the timeout control signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, and the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module 15. On the one hand, a first judgment signal is output to the power absorption module 14 according to the comparison signal, and on the other hand, a corresponding acquisition signal is output to the control module 15 according to the comparison signal, so that the control module 15 outputs a corresponding timeout control signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 according to the acquisition signal, and then the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 outputs a second judgment signal to the power absorption module 14 according to the timeout control signal, and the power absorption module 14 controls whether the power absorption resistor absorbs energy according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0031] In this embodiment, in this intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, the connection relationship and control logic of each module are very close. First, the voltage sampling module 10 collects the power supply voltage of the motor through the signal input end, and divides the voltage through the voltage dividing resistor, and the generated voltage signal is transmitted to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through the signal output end. At the same time, the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 generates an overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal, which is transmitted to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through its output end. The preset protection voltage signal realizes a dynamically adjustable function by adding the digital-to-analog signal (DAC) output by the control module 15. In the voltage comparison module 12, the two input signals (motor power supply voltage and adjustable preset protection voltage) are compared, and the compared signal is transmitted to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 through the output end of the voltage comparison module 12 to determine whether the power supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage. The overtime overvoltage judgment module 13 judges whether the overload overvoltage state exists for a long time by comparing the duration of the signal. If it is judged that the overload overvoltage signal exists for a long time, the judgment signal output by the overtime overvoltage judgment module 13 controls the controlled end of the power absorption module 14, starts or shuts down the conduction state of the power absorption resistor, so as to prevent the power absorption resistor from burning due to overheating caused by long-term conduction. At the same time, the overtime overvoltage judgment module 13 also transmits the collected signal to the control module 15 through the sampling signal output end. The control module 15 judges the duration of the overload overvoltage state according to the collected signal, generates a corresponding timeout control signal, and feeds back the control signal to the overtime overvoltage judgment module 13 through the timeout control signal output end, so as to further control the working state of the power absorption module 14. In this process, if it is detected that the overload overvoltage voltage exists for a long time, the control module 15 will control the on state of the field effect tube through the IO signal, pull down the output signal of the voltage comparison module 12, and ensure that the field effect tube is closed in time after the overload overvoltage is released, so as to prevent the power absorption resistor from continuing to conduct. This logic design enables the system to monitor and adjust in real time according to the overload and overvoltage status of the motor, thereby ensuring circuit safety while avoiding circuit damage caused by prolonged overload and overvoltage signals. Through intelligent control logic, the stability and reliability of the motor under various complex working conditions are guaranteed.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, in the present invention, one of the two input terminals of the voltage comparison module 12 is a voltage signal after the input motor controller power supply voltage is divided by two resistors, that is, the motor power supply voltage, and the other is a fixed motor overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal in the input fixed motor overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal, wherein the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal is added with a digital-to-analog signal (DAC) output by the control module 15 and a voltage adjustment unit to realize adjustable preset protection voltage; Two series voltage-dividing resistors are connected in parallel between the output end of the voltage comparison module 12 and the system ground, and the voltage-dividing signals are given to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface of the control module 15 to determine whether the overload and overvoltage voltage always exists. If the overload and overvoltage voltage always exists (the software detects how many seconds it exists for, generally the overload voltage caused by motor stalling or rapid acceleration and deceleration can be absorbed by the power absorption resistor within a few seconds or even a shorter time to restore the normal voltage, and the overload voltage caused by high power supply voltage will always exist), the control module 15 outputs an IO signal to control the field effect tube that can make the output signal of the voltage comparison module 12 zero (if it is zero, the field effect tube that controls the high power absorption resistor to be turned on is in the off state) to turn on the power absorption resistor so that the power absorption resistor is not turned on to avoid overheating or even burning. After the field effect tube is turned on for a few seconds, the microcontroller (MCU) continues to detect whether there is an overload and overvoltage voltage. If there is, it is kept on, and if not, it is turned off to deal with normal motor overload and overvoltage, thereby realizing power absorption resistor protection; The present invention can flexibly adjust the preset protection voltage of motor overload and overvoltage in the form of software to achieve motor overload and overvoltage protection for motors with different supply voltages. At the same time, when the supply voltage of the motor controller is too high or fluctuates for a long time, it can prevent the high-power absorption resistor from being falsely triggered to turn on, thereby avoiding overheating or even burning of the power absorption resistor due to long-term conduction; In summary, the present application combines the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 with the control module 15, so that the system can dynamically adjust the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage, instead of relying on a fixed voltage value. This adjustment method can more flexibly adapt to different power supply conditions and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by fixed voltage values. This design solves the problem at the software level; and the power absorption module 14 solves the problem of power absorption of the feedback voltage during overload and overvoltage, and through the linkage of the control module 15, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 and the power absorption module 14, the power absorption resistor can be started or shut down in time when an overload and overvoltage condition is detected. The timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 can not only monitor the occurrence of overload and overvoltage signals, but also determine the duration of the signal. If the overload and overvoltage signal lasts too long, the timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module 14 through the control module 15 to prevent the power absorption resistor from being turned on for a long time. This intelligent control avoids the situation where the resistor is turned on for a long time, which not only improves the protection efficiency, but also reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by continuous conduction of the resistor in traditional hardware protection.

[0033] Further, such as Figure 2As shown, the voltage sampling module 10 includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the capacitor C4 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 and the ground, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, in the voltage sampling module 10, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply to provide a power supply voltage for the motor. The resistor R5 and the resistor R6 jointly generate a divided motor power supply sampling voltage V+ through a voltage divider circuit. The voltage is filtered by the capacitor C4 to eliminate high-frequency noise and transient interference in the power supply and ensure the stability of the voltage signal. The second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 form a common node, which is not only connected to the ground to ensure the stability of the circuit, but also connected to the first signal input terminal of the voltage comparison module 12 as a comparison input signal. According to Kirchhoff's first law, the current distribution of the common node is determined by the resistance values ​​of the resistors R5 and R6. Since the pins of the voltage comparison module 12 have high impedance, the current flowing into the voltage comparison module 12 is very small and can be ignored. The main current flows between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6. In order to ensure that the power supply sampling voltage of the motor can work within a safe range, the resistance value selection of the resistors R5 and R6 needs to ensure that the voltage V+ after the voltage division is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage V- connected to the second input terminal of the voltage comparison module 12. V- is a higher reference voltage generated by the preset protection voltage regulation module 11, which is usually several volts higher than the VCC voltage and is used to trigger the protection mechanism when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage. In the control logic, when the motor supply voltage VCC is higher than V-, the voltage comparison module 12 will output a signal to notify the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to enter the protection state and start the power absorption module 14 to absorb the excess voltage, thereby protecting the motor and circuit from damage caused by overload and overvoltage.

[0035] Furthermore, Figure 2As shown, VCC is the motor power supply voltage, which is divided by resistors R5 and R6 and then filtered by capacitor C4 to obtain the motor power supply sampling voltage V+. The pin of the voltage comparison module 12 connected to point f has high impedance, so the current flowing from point f to U2 is very small and can be ignored. The current at point f flows on resistors R5 and R6. According to Kirchhoff's first law: the sum of all currents entering a node is equal to the sum of all currents leaving the node, so =→Vf==V+, the resistance values ​​of resistors R5 and R6 should be selected to satisfy ﹤V- and at the same time =V-, V- is the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, and VCC(over) is the motor overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, which is at least several volts higher than the VCC voltage; To sum up, the resistors and capacitors in the voltage sampling module 10 can be used to accurately divide the voltage and filter, so as to accurately collect the power supply voltage signal of the motor, avoid errors caused by voltage fluctuations or noise, ensure the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of motor overload and overvoltage protection, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0036] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the preset protection voltage regulating module 11 includes a preset protection voltage generating unit and a voltage regulating unit. The preset protection voltage generating unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a three-terminal regulator D1 and a capacitor C1. The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input end of the three-terminal regulator D1, the output end of the three-terminal regulator D1 is grounded, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R3, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the regulating signal output end of the voltage regulating unit, the capacitor C1 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 and the ground, the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the feedback end of the three-terminal regulator D1.

[0037] In this embodiment, in the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, each element of the preset protection voltage generation unit forms a stable overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage through the connection logic of the circuit. First, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC voltage-stabilized power supply to provide an input voltage, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 through a series connection, and the output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is grounded to form the basis of the voltage stabilization circuit. A common node is formed between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, which is not only grounded through the capacitor C1 to ensure the stability and filtering function of the circuit, but also transmits the voltage signal after voltage division to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through this common node as the input signal of the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage. The resistor R2 continues to be connected in series with the resistor R3, and is connected to the feedback end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 at the common node between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, which is used to adjust the feedback voltage to ensure the stability and accuracy of the output voltage. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the adjustment signal output end of the voltage adjustment unit. The output signal of the adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage according to the adjustment requirements of the control module 15, so as to flexibly adjust the voltage under different motor working conditions. The entire circuit ensures that the voltage comparison module 12 can obtain a stable and accurate preset protection voltage through the voltage division effect of the resistors R1, R2 and R3 and the feedback adjustment of the three-terminal regulator D1. The voltage adjustment unit further provides dynamic adjustment capabilities to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the system under complex working conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the motor overload and overvoltage protection. When the motor supply voltage exceeds this preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 can respond quickly and trigger the protection action to prevent the motor from being damaged due to overload or overvoltage.

[0038] To sum up, a stable overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage can be generated through the resistor, three-terminal regulator and capacitor in the preset protection voltage regulation module 11, and the voltage can be dynamically adjusted through the voltage regulation unit to adapt to different power supply environments and motor load conditions, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the system in coping with changeable power supply environments and avoiding false triggering caused by fixed protection voltage.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulating unit includes a transport amplifier U1 and a resistor R4, the first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage regulating signal output end of the control module 15, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input end of the transport amplifier U1, the output end of the transport amplifier is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, and the negative input end of the transport amplifier is directly connected to the output end of the transport amplifier through feedback to form a common-phase amplifier circuit.

[0040] Furthermore, Figure 2As shown, the DC regulated power supply outputs a 12V power supply voltage, the resistor R1 is a current limiting voltage divider resistor, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are voltage divider resistors for adjusting the output voltage V- of the three-terminal regulator D1, the capacitor C1 is a voltage stabilizing capacitor for stabilizing the output voltage V- of the three-terminal regulator D1, the capacitor C2 is a power supply filter capacitor for the transport amplifier U1, the resistor R4 and the capacitor C3 form a low-pass filter to filter the signal DAC to obtain a stable voltage Vdac, and Vout1 is the output voltage of Vdac that follows the transport amplifier U1, and the two voltages are consistent in size; According to Kirchhoff's first law, the current at point A only flows through resistors R2 and R3, and the current flowing to the three-terminal regulator D1 is very small and can be ignored because the pin of the three-terminal regulator D1 connected to point A is the voltage feedback pin with very high impedance, so =→V-=, resistors R2 and R3 have certain resistance values ​​and satisfy V-=<12V because the input voltage of the comparison chip U2 cannot exceed the U2 power supply voltage 12V, Va is the feedback voltage of the three-terminal regulator D1 and is also a certain value, so the V- voltage value changes with the change of Vout1 and Vout1 is equal to the DAC signal value. The DAC signal value is set by the software to control the analog signal output by the control module 15 (0~maximum does not exceed the control module 15 power supply voltage). Generally, the commonly used control module 15 includes several digital-to-analog converters DAC, which realizes the adjustable overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage; In this embodiment, in the voltage regulation unit, the transport amplifier U1 and the resistor R4 form a common-phase amplifier circuit for amplifying and regulating the input signal. The first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage regulation signal output end of the control module 15 to receive the regulation signal of the control module 15, which is generated by the DAC (digital-to-analog converter). The second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input end of the transport amplifier U1, and the output end of the transport amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 for further transmitting the amplified signal. The negative input end of the transport amplifier U1 is connected to its output end through feedback to form a common-phase amplifier circuit to ensure that the output signal Vout1 is consistent with the input signal Vdac, thereby achieving a stable voltage output. The entire circuit provides a 12V power supply voltage through a DC regulated power supply, the resistor R1 plays the role of current limiting and voltage dividing, and the resistors R2 and R3 are used to adjust the output voltage V- of the three-terminal regulator D1. Capacitor C1 is connected to the three-terminal regulator D1 to stabilize the voltage and ensure the stability of V-, while capacitor C2 is used to provide a stable power supply filter voltage for U1. Resistor R4 and capacitor C3 form a low-pass filter to further filter the high-frequency noise in the DAC signal and ensure the stability of Vdac. According to Kirchhoff's law, the current at point A only flows through resistors R2 and R3, while the current flowing to the three-terminal regulator D1 is very small and can be ignored because the pins of the three-terminal regulator D1 are high-impedance feedback terminals. Therefore, V- is determined by the resistance values ​​of resistors R2 and R3, and at the same time, it is ensured that the voltage value of V- is less than 12V, because the input voltage of the voltage comparison module 12 cannot exceed the supply voltage of 12V. Va is the feedback voltage of the three-terminal regulator D1, which is a fixed value. The change of V- depends on the change of Vout1, and Vout1 is equal to the DAC signal value, which is generated by the analog signal (0 to the supply voltage range of the control module 15) set and output by the control module 15 through software. This design realizes the dynamic adjustment function of the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage, enabling the system to intelligently adjust the protection voltage according to different working conditions, avoiding false operation caused by excessively high or low power supply voltage, thereby improving the reliability and adaptability of the motor protection system.

[0041] To sum up, the transport amplifier and resistor in the voltage regulation unit can be used to make real-time adjustments according to the voltage regulation signal of the control module 15 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the preset protection voltage and prevent the protection voltage from failing due to voltage drift or external voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the reliability and response speed of the motor overload and overvoltage protection.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 2As shown, the voltage comparison module 12 includes an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7, the first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the power supply, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output end of the voltage sampling module 10, the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13.

[0043] In this embodiment, in the voltage comparison module 12, the connection relationship between the operational amplifier U2 and the resistor R7 constitutes a real-time comparison function of the motor power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the power supply to provide a pull-up voltage, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2, so that the operational amplifier U2 is kept suspended under normal circumstances, thereby setting the output voltage through the pull-up resistor. The positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output end of the voltage sampling module 10, which is used to receive the collected motor power supply voltage signal, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, and receives the dynamically adjusted preset protection voltage. When the power supply voltage V+ of the motor is greater than the preset protection voltage V-, that is, the motor is in an overload or overvoltage state, the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the 12V power supply through the resistor R7, and the high level signal Vout2 is output, which will be transmitted to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, which is used to judge the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal and start the corresponding protection measures. On the contrary, when the motor supply voltage is lower than the preset protection voltage, that is, V->V+, the output of the operational amplifier U2 maintains a low level (0V), indicating that the motor is in a normal state. At this time, the output of the operational amplifier U2 is suspended, and the suspended voltage is output through the resistor R7. Capacitor C5 serves as a power supply filter for the operational amplifier U2 to ensure that the power input of the operational amplifier U2 is stable and avoid noise interference. Through this connection relationship, the voltage comparison module 12 can monitor the power supply voltage status of the motor in real time, and output the corresponding signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 in time according to the overload and overvoltage conditions to prevent the motor from being damaged due to overload or overvoltage.

[0044] Furthermore, Figure 2As shown, the voltage comparison module 12 includes a comparison chip U2. The comparison chip U2 is an open-drain output. The voltage comparison module 12 can output a low level (ground signal) and a suspended output (let the output be suspended and output through a pull-up resistor, so that the output voltage can be flexibly set). The capacitor C5 is a power supply filter for the comparison chip U2. The resistor R7 is a 12V pull-up resistor for the comparison chip U2 output. When the motor is not overloaded or overvoltaged, V->V+. The voltage at the output end Vout of the comparison chip U2 is 0V. When the motor is overloaded or overvoltaged, V-<V+. The output end Vout2 of the comparison chip U2 is connected to a 12V DC regulated power supply through the resistor R7. In this way, whether the motor is overloaded or overvoltaged is monitored in real time, and the corresponding Vout2 signal is output in real time. In summary, the voltage comparison function can be realized through the combination of the operational amplifier and the resistor, ensuring the accurate comparison between the motor supply voltage and the preset protection voltage, quickly generating an overload or overvoltage comparison signal, and judging the duration of the signal through the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, effectively preventing false operations caused by short-term voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the stability and anti-interference ability of the motor protection system.

[0045] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 includes a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11. The first end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, and the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module 14. The signal acquisition unit includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6. The first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, and the second end of the resistor R8 is grounded. The common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10, the capacitor C6 is connected between the second end of the resistor R10 and the ground, and the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module 15.

[0046] In this embodiment, in the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, the signal acquisition unit and the switch control unit form real-time monitoring and control of the motor overload and overvoltage state through the interconnection of various components. One end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, which is responsible for receiving the output signal when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module 14 to control the working state of the power absorption module 14. The resistors R8 and R9 in the signal acquisition unit are used as voltage-dividing resistors to divide the signal Vout2 output from the voltage comparison module 12 to ensure that the signal voltage after voltage division is within the working voltage range of the control module 15. The signal after voltage division passes through a low-pass filter composed of a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6 to further stabilize the signal voltage Vadc, eliminate high-frequency noise interference, and finally input the stable Vadc signal into the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the control module 15. The control module 15 identifies the voltage value of the Vadc signal through the ADC to determine whether the motor power supply voltage is continuously in an overvoltage state. The resistance values ​​of resistors R8 and R9 need to ensure that the voltage signal after voltage division is less than the power supply voltage of the control module 15 to prevent damage to the control module 15. MOS tube Q1 is an N-channel field effect tube, and its opening or closing is controlled by the IO signal output by the control module 15. When the IO signal is at a high level, MOS tube Q1 is turned on, point c is short-circuited to the ground, and the MOS tube Q2 in the power absorption module 14 remains closed to prevent the power absorption resistor from turning on. When the IO signal is at a low level, MOS tube Q1 is turned off, MOS tube Q2 is normally turned on and off, and the power absorption module 14 can work normally. Resistor R12 acts as a pull-down resistor for the IO signal to prevent malfunction when the IO signal is suspended, ensuring stable operation of the system. Resistor R11 plays an isolation role to prevent the Vadc signal from being always 0V when point c is short-circuited to the ground. The entire control logic monitors the overload and overvoltage status of the motor in real time through voltage division, filtering, sampling and feedback of the Vout2 signal, and realizes precise control of the power absorption module 14 through the control of the MOS tube, ensuring that the excess voltage can be effectively absorbed in the case of overload and overvoltage, while avoiding overheating or damage caused by long-term conduction of the power absorption resistor.

[0047] Furthermore, Figure 2As shown, resistors R8 and R9 are voltage divider resistors that sample the Vout2 voltage and then pass through a low-pass filter composed of resistor R10 and capacitor C6 to obtain a stable sampling voltage Vadc. The ADC voltage signal is given to the analog-to-digital converter ADC of the control module 15 to identify the voltage value to determine whether the motor power supply voltage is always overvoltage. The resistors R8 and R9 must meet the requirement that the voltage signal after voltage division sampling is less than the power supply voltage of the control module 15. Generally, the commonly used control module 15 includes multiple analog-to-digital converters ADC. The MOS tube Q1 is an N-channel field effect tube, and the high and low levels of the IO signal control the MOS The tube Q1 is turned on (point c is short-circuited to the ground) and turned off (point c is not short-circuited to the ground). Generally, the commonly used control module 15 includes multiple input and output interfaces IO. The resistor R12 is a pull-down resistor for the IO control signal to prevent the MOS tube Q1 from malfunctioning when the IO control signal is suspended. When the motor is not overloaded or overvoltaged, the IO signal is at a low level. At this time, the MOS tube Q2 field effect tube can be turned on and off normally. When the MOS tube Q1 field effect tube is turned on, point c is always short-circuited to the ground, and the MOS tube Q2 field effect tube is always turned off. The resistor R11 isolates the voltage at points b and c to prevent Vadc from being 0V when point c is short-circuited to the ground. To sum up, the signal acquisition unit and the switch control unit in the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 can accurately collect and analyze the duration of the overload overvoltage signal to prevent short-term voltage anomalies from causing unnecessary protection actions. At the same time, the working state of the power absorption module 14 can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal duration, thereby improving the intelligence level of the motor protection system and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0048] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the switch control unit includes a MOS tube Q1 and a resistor R12, the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R11, the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the controlled end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15, and the resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15 and the ground.

[0049] In this embodiment, in the switch control unit, the connection between the MOS tube Q1 and the resistor R12 forms a precise control of the current conduction state. The first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R11, and the resistor R11 plays an isolation role here, which is used to isolate the voltage of the comparison signal output end. The second conduction end of Q1 is grounded, which means that when Q1 is turned on, the current can be directly grounded through it. The controlled end of Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15. When the control module 15 determines that the overload and overvoltage duration is too long according to the collected signal, it will output a control signal to control the conduction state of Q1. The conduction of Q1 determines whether point c is short-circuited to the ground, thereby controlling whether the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 stops working. The resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15 and the ground, as a pull-down resistor, to ensure that when the control module 15 does not output a signal, the MOS tube Q1 will not malfunction due to the suspended state, thereby stabilizing the overall operation of the system. By controlling the on and off of the MOS tube Q1 through the timeout signal of the control module 15, the entire circuit can flexibly determine the duration of overload and overvoltage and take corresponding measures to avoid overheating or damage of the power absorption resistor due to long-term conduction, while ensuring that the system can effectively absorb the overload voltage when necessary to maintain the safe operation of the motor and power supply.

[0050] To sum up, the power absorption module 14 can be precisely controlled through the MOS tube and resistor in the switch control unit. When the overload and overvoltage signal continues for more than the set time, the power absorption resistor is automatically turned off to avoid long-term absorption of energy and causing resistor overheating or damage, thereby improving the safety and service life of the motor protection system.

[0051] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power absorption module 14 includes a MOS tube Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13, a first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the VCC power supply, a second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2, the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to control the power absorption resistor R13 to absorb the feedback voltage generated by the motor overload overvoltage according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0052] In this embodiment, in the power absorption module 14, the MOS tube Q2 and the power absorption resistor R13 constitute a feedback voltage absorption device when the motor is overloaded and overvoltaged. One end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the VCC power supply, and the other end is connected to the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2. When the MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the resistor R13 is connected across the positive and negative poles of the motor power supply to form a large current loop, which protects the motor and the circuit by consuming the excess voltage generated by the overload and overvoltage; the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, so when the MOS tube Q2 is in the on state, the resistor R13 is turned on, so that the voltage generated by the overload and overvoltage is quickly absorbed and converted into heat. The controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the judgment signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module 13. The overtime overvoltage judgment module 13 generates a first judgment signal or a second judgment signal to control the switch state of the MOS tube Q2 by comparing the motor power supply voltage with the preset protection voltage. If the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds the preset protection voltage and the duration exceeds the set threshold, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will output a control signal to turn on the MOS tube Q2, and the resistor R13 will start working to absorb the excess feedback voltage. The resistance of the resistor R13 is usually between tens of ohms and hundreds of ohms, and the power absorption capacity depends on its resistance value and rated power. When the power supply voltage of the motor returns to normal, or the motor voltage continues to be overvoltage but the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 determines that the absorption needs to be turned off, the MOS tube Q2 is turned off and the resistor R13 stops working to avoid overheating or even burning of the resistor due to long-term conduction. This design can quickly consume the feedback voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage occurs, protect the motor and its power supply system, and at the same time, through the intelligent control of the MOS tube, avoid the power absorption resistor from being turned on for a long time, improve the stability and reliability of the system, and ensure that the normal operation of the motor is not affected after the motor voltage returns to normal.

[0053] Furthermore, Figure 2 As shown, MOS tube Q2 is an N-channel field effect tube, and the voltage at point c controls the on and off of MOS tube Q2. Resistor R13 is a power absorption resistor, and the resistance value of resistor R13 ranges from tens of ohms to hundreds of ohms, with a wide power selection range. When MOS tube Q2 is turned on, resistor R13 is turned on and connected across VCC and GND, that is, a large current is generated between the positive and negative poles of the motor power supply, and the feedback voltage generated by the motor overload and overvoltage can be quickly consumed in a few seconds or even shorter time (depending on the resistance value of resistor R13) in the form of heat (consumption in a short time requires the support of a high-power resistor), until the motor power supply voltage returns to normal or the motor power supply voltage is always overvoltage, then MOS tube Q2 is turned off and resistor R13 is not connected across the positive and negative poles of the motor power supply, which does not affect the normal operation of the motor or prevents resistor R13 from being constantly conducting and overheating or even burning; To sum up, the MOS tube and the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 can quickly absorb excess voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, preventing the motor controller and the power supply system from being damaged by overvoltage, and dynamically adjust the conduction time of the power absorption resistor through the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to ensure effective protection of the motor under different power supply environments, avoiding system damage caused by motor overload or overvoltage, thereby improving system reliability.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, a control method of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection is applied to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection. S10, obtaining the power supply voltage and the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage; In this embodiment, the steps of obtaining the power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage are completed by the voltage sampling module 10 and the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11. The voltage sampling module 10 is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor in real time, and the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 generates an overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage based on the motor power supply voltage. The voltage value is generally several volts higher than the power supply voltage and is used as a reference value for motor overload or overvoltage. After receiving these voltage signals, the control module 15 transmits them to the voltage comparison module 12 to provide a basis for subsequent voltage comparison.

[0055] S20, comparing the supply voltage with the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to generate a corresponding comparison result, and generating a corresponding comparison signal according to the comparison result, wherein the comparison signal at least includes an overload and overvoltage signal of a high level and a normal signal of a low level, wherein when the supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is a normal signal, and when the supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal; In this embodiment, the process of comparing the power supply voltage and the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage is implemented by the voltage comparison module 12. One input end of the voltage comparison module 12 is connected to the voltage sampling module 10 to receive the current motor power supply voltage, and the other input end is connected to the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 to receive the adjusted overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage. When the power supply voltage of the motor is less than the preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 outputs a low-level normal signal, indicating that the motor is operating in a normal state; when the power supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 outputs a high-level overload and overvoltage signal, indicating that the motor is in an overload or overvoltage state, and further protection mechanisms will be triggered next.

[0056] S30, when the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal, monitor and record the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal in real time, and compare the duration with a determined preset duration; In this embodiment, when the signal output by the voltage comparison module 12 is an overload and overvoltage signal, the system will monitor and record the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal in real time. This is achieved through the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, which is responsible for judging whether the overload and overvoltage is a short-term fluctuation or a long-term continuous state according to the duration of the comparison signal. After receiving the comparison signal, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will start timing and compare the duration of the signal with the preset threshold time to determine whether further protection measures need to be initiated.

[0057] S40, if the duration does not exceed the determined preset duration, generating a first judgment signal, wherein the first judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 to absorb energy; In this embodiment, if the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal does not exceed the preset threshold time, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will generate a first judgment signal to instruct the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 to start working. The power absorption resistor absorbs the excess feedback voltage by bridging between the positive and negative poles of the motor power supply, converts it into heat and consumes it quickly, ensuring that the motor power supply voltage returns to the normal range. In this process, the power absorption module 14 decides whether to continue to absorb the feedback voltage based on the duration of the judgment signal, thereby preventing the motor and its control system from being damaged due to short-term overload or overvoltage.

[0058] S50: If the duration exceeds the determined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated, and the second judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 to stop absorbing energy.

[0059] In this embodiment, if the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal exceeds the preset threshold time, the system will generate a second judgment signal to stop the operation of the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14. At this time, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 determines that the overload or overvoltage situation lasts too long. In order to prevent the power absorption resistor from overheating or burning due to long-term conduction, the system will shut down the absorption resistor and stop absorbing the overload voltage. This process ensures that the motor will not be further damaged due to the continuous operation of the power absorption module 14 under long-term overload or overvoltage conditions, and ensures that the normal operation of the motor will not be affected after the motor voltage returns to normal.

[0060] Specifically, the control module 15 determines whether the motor power supply voltage is always overvoltage through Vadc: 1. When the motor is not overloaded or overvoltage occurs, V->V+, Vout2 is 0V, Vadc=Vd=0V; 2. When the motor is overloaded and over-voltage occurs, V-<V+, Vout2 is connected to 12V through resistor R7, the IO signal is low level, point c is not short-circuited to the ground, the MOS tube Q2 field effect tube is connected to the 12V power supply through resistor R7 and resistor R11, and the short-term large current drives the MOS tube Q2. After the MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the pin connected to point c has high impedance. The current between points b and c is very small and can be ignored. Point e is connected to the ADC interface of the control module 15 and has high impedance. Therefore, according to Kirchhoff's first law: =→Vd==Vadc; The control module 15 detects that Vadc=0, which indicates that the motor power supply voltage is not over-voltage. The IO control signal is kept at a low level until Vadc= is detected and exists for more than a certain number of seconds, and it is determined that the motor power supply voltage is over-voltage. At this time, the control module 15 allows the IO control signal to output a high level to turn on the MOS tube Q1 field effect tube, so that the voltage at point c is always short-circuited to the ground, so that the MOS tube Q2 field effect tube is always in a closed state, and the power absorption resistor R13 is in a non-conducting state. After this action lasts for a few seconds, the control module 15 detects whether Vadc is zero again. If it is zero, it indicates that the motor power supply voltage overvoltage disappears. At this time, the IO control signal pulls down the power absorption resistor R13 to work normally. If it is not zero, it indicates that the motor power supply voltage overvoltage has always existed. At this time, the IO control signal continues to be pulled high, and the above actions are repeated in a cycle, thereby avoiding the power absorption resistor R13 from being heated or even burned due to the long-term overvoltage of the motor power supply voltage. To sum up, by obtaining the power supply voltage and the preset protection voltage in real time and comparing the generated overload and overvoltage signal, it is possible to accurately determine whether the motor is in an abnormal state, and adjust the working state of the power absorption module 14 according to the duration of the abnormality to ensure that the motor is protected in time during short-term overvoltage, while avoiding system damage caused by long-term overvoltage, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0061] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, before the step of obtaining the power supply voltage and the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage, it also includes: S01, determining a target source of a power supply motor, wherein the target source includes at least a user interaction terminal and a motor internal parameter database; In this embodiment, the target source of the power supply motor is determined by the system identifying multiple information sources in the current motor operating environment. These target sources include at least a user interaction terminal and a motor internal parameter database. The user interaction terminal can be the operating instructions and parameters input to the motor by the operator through an interface or a remote control system, and the motor internal parameter database stores the motor's historical operating data and equipment parameters, such as the motor's rated power, speed, power supply voltage range, etc. These target sources can provide important information related to the motor's operating status, helping the system make correct voltage regulation and protection decisions under different working conditions.

[0062] S02, obtaining the priority of each of the target sources, and selecting a corresponding priority source according to the priority; In this embodiment, obtaining the priority of each target source is achieved by the system sorting the importance of different information sources. Since different information from multiple target sources may be received when the motor is running, the system needs to determine the priority of each target source according to its importance. The basis for setting the priority usually includes the reliability of the information source, the real-time nature of the data, and the direct impact on the operation of the motor. For example, the historical data in the internal parameter database of the motor is more important than the temporary input of the user interaction terminal in most cases, so it can be assigned a higher priority. When the system determines the priority of the target source, it will select the highest priority target source as a reference to ensure that the operation protection of the motor is based on the most reliable data information.

[0063] S03. Obtain demand information of the priority source, and determine a corresponding overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to the demand information.

[0064] In this embodiment, obtaining the demand information of the priority source is achieved by reading the parameters or instructions stored in the selected priority target source. For example, if the priority source is the internal parameter database of the motor, the system will obtain key parameters related to motor overload and overvoltage, such as the maximum operating voltage and rated current of the motor. If the priority source is a user interaction terminal, the system will obtain demand information related to the operating status of the motor based on the specific working conditions or requirements input by the user. Based on this demand information, the system will dynamically adjust the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage to ensure that the motor can be properly protected under different operating conditions, and adjust the protection voltage in time according to the working status and load changes of the motor to avoid damage to the motor due to fluctuations in the supply voltage or sudden changes in the load.

[0065] In summary, it is possible to determine the priority according to the target source of motor power supply, dynamically obtain the demand information of the priority source, and adjust the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to this information, ensuring that the system can be personalized for different application scenarios, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the motor protection system and providing more accurate and efficient protection in various power supply environments.

[0066] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0067] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, characterized in that: The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection comprises a control module (15), a preset protection voltage adjustment module (11), a voltage sampling module (10), a voltage comparison module (12), a timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) and a power absorption module (14); the signal input end of the voltage sampling module (10) is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor; the signal output end of the voltage sampling module (10) is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module (12); the power input end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply; the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module (12); the voltage adjustment controlled end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the voltage adjustment signal output end of the control module (15), so as to adjust the preset protection voltage through the control module (15); The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module (12) is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) to output a corresponding comparison signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13); the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module (14); the sampling signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module (15); the timeout control signal output end of the control module (15) is connected to the timeout control signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13); and the timeout overvoltage judgment module (15) is connected to the timeout control signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13). 13) On the one hand, a first judgment signal is output to the power absorption module (14) according to the comparison signal, and on the other hand, a corresponding acquisition signal is output to the control module (15) according to the comparison signal, so that the control module (15) outputs a corresponding timeout control signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) according to the acquisition signal, and then the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) outputs a second judgment signal to the power absorption module (14) according to the timeout control signal, and the power absorption module (14) controls whether the power absorption resistor absorbs energy according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

2. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The voltage sampling module (10) comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, wherein the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to a VCC power supply, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the capacitor C4 is connected between a common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 and the ground, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 is connected to a first signal input end of the voltage comparison module (12).

3. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The preset protection voltage regulating module (11) comprises a preset protection voltage generating unit and a voltage regulating unit. The preset protection voltage generating unit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a three-terminal regulator D1 and a capacitor C1. The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC regulated power supply, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input end of the three-terminal regulator D1, the output end of the three-terminal regulator D1 is grounded, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R3, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the regulating signal output end of the voltage regulating unit, the capacitor C1 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 and the ground, the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module (12), and the common node between the second end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the feedback end of the three-terminal regulator D1.

4. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The voltage regulation unit comprises a transport amplifier U1 and a resistor R4, wherein a first end of the resistor R4 is connected to a voltage regulation signal output end of the control module (15), a second end of the resistor R4 is connected to a positive input end of the transport amplifier U1, an output end of the transport amplifier is connected to a second end of the resistor R3, and a negative input end of the transport amplifier is directly connected to an output end of the transport amplifier through feedback to form a common-mode amplifier circuit.

5. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The voltage comparison module (12) comprises an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7, wherein a first end of the resistor R7 is connected to a power supply, a second end of the resistor R7 is connected to an output end of the operational amplifier U2, a positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to a signal output end of a voltage sampling module (10), a negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to an overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11), and an output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to a comparison signal input end of a timeout overvoltage judgment module (13).

6. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) comprises a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11, wherein the first end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module (12), and the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module (14); the signal acquisition unit comprises a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6, wherein the first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module (12), the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R8 is grounded, the common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10, the capacitor C6 is connected between the second end of the resistor R10 and the ground, and the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the sampling signal input end of the control module (15).

7. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The switch control unit comprises a MOS tube Q1 and a resistor R12, wherein a first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to a second end of the resistor R11, a second conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, a controlled end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to a timeout control signal output end of the control module (15), and the resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module (15) and the ground.

8. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power absorption module (14) comprises a MOS tube Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13, wherein a first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to a VCC power supply, a second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to a first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2, a second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and a controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to a judgment signal output end of a timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) so as to control the power absorption resistor R13 to absorb feedback voltage generated by motor overload and overvoltage according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

9. A control method for an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, applied to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Obtain the power supply voltage and overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage; Compare the supply voltage with the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to generate a corresponding comparison result, and generate a corresponding comparison signal according to the comparison result, wherein the comparison signal at least includes an overload and overvoltage signal of a high level and a normal signal of a low level, wherein when the supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is a normal signal, and when the supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal; When the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal, monitor and record the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal in real time, and compare the duration with the determined preset duration; If the duration does not exceed the determined preset duration, a first judgment signal is generated, wherein the first judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to absorb and consume energy; If the duration exceeds the determined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated, and the second judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to stop absorbing energy.

10. The control method of the intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Before the step of obtaining the power supply voltage and the preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage, the method further includes: Determine a target source for powering the motor, the target source comprising at least a user interaction terminal and a motor internal parameter database; Obtaining the priority of each of the target sources, and selecting a corresponding priority source according to the priority; Obtain demand information of the priority source, and determine a corresponding overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to the demand information.

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