High-efficiency optical transmission line protection system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical transmission, in particular to a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system and method.A standby transmission line is used for switching to a main transmission line for data transmission when the main transmission line breaks down and has a regular self-checking function; the real-time fault detection module is used for continuously monitoring the optical signal strength and quality of a main transmission line, and automatically triggering a protection mechanism when abnormality is detected; the fault positioning module is used for positioning a fault position of a main transmission line based on a GIS platform to obtain position information; and the alarm module is used for notifying maintenance personnel of the position information. Therefore, all-around protection of the optical fiber network is realized, the stability and the operation and maintenance efficiency of the network are greatly improved, and high quality and high reliability of data transmission service are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical transmission technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system and method. Background Art

[0002] Optical transmission line protection is one of the key technologies to ensure the stability and reliability of optical communication networks. Its purpose is to quickly and automatically switch to a backup link when the optical fiber link is damaged or the performance is degraded to maintain the continuity of communication services. This protection mechanism is essential for building a highly reliable communication infrastructure, especially in those application scenarios that are sensitive to interruptions, such as the backbone network of telecom operators, data center interconnection, and enterprise-level data transmission.

[0003] The existing optical transmission line protection system is not convenient for judging the faulty line, which will prolong the repair time and increase communication instability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system and method, which aims to diagnose the fault while switching the line when the fault is detected, thereby improving maintenance efficiency, realizing all-round protection of the optical fiber network, greatly improving the stability and operation and maintenance efficiency of the network, and ensuring the high quality and high reliability of data transmission services.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system, comprising a main transmission line, a backup transmission line, a real-time fault detection module, a fault location module and an alarm module;

[0006] The backup transmission line is used to switch to this line for data transmission when the main transmission line fails, and has a regular self-check function;

[0007] The real-time fault detection module is used to continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected;

[0008] The fault location module is used to locate the fault position of the main transmission line based on the GIS platform to obtain location information;

[0009] The alarm module is used to notify maintenance personnel of the location information.

[0010] Wherein, the backup transmission line comprises a transmission line body and a self-checking unit;

[0011] The transmission line body is used for signal transmission;

[0012] The self-check unit is used to periodically send test data packets to verify the connectivity, delay and data integrity of the line through a preset loop.

[0013] Wherein, the real-time fault detection module includes a data acquisition unit, an optical signal evaluation unit, a bit error rate detection unit, a threshold setting unit and a switching unit;

[0014] The data acquisition unit is used to deploy optical power monitors at key nodes to continuously sample data;

[0015] The optical signal evaluation unit is used to measure the ratio of signal light to noise light through a spectrum analyzer to obtain optical power;

[0016] The bit error rate detection unit is used to obtain transmission quality data through a periodic test signal of the bit error detector;

[0017] The threshold setting unit is used to set the upper and lower thresholds of the normal working range for the optical power and the bit error rate according to the historical data;

[0018] The switching unit is used to enable the standby line when it is detected that the optical power or the bit error rate exceeds the upper and lower limit thresholds.

[0019] The key nodes include optical amplifiers and relay sites.

[0020] The specific steps of setting the upper and lower thresholds of the normal working range for the optical power and the bit error rate according to the historical data include:

[0021] Export optical power and bit error rate data within a preset time period;

[0022] Identify and eliminate outliers that significantly deviate from the normal range;

[0023] Classify data by time period, line type, weather conditions, equipment status, and mark fault events;

[0024] Calculate statistical indicators of optical power and bit error rate;

[0025] Set upper and lower thresholds for optical power and bit error rate based on statistical indicators.

[0026] The fault location module includes a GIS data uploading unit, a distance calculation unit, a coordinate calculation unit, a verification unit and a display unit:

[0027] The GIS data uploading unit is used to enter the actual laying path of the optical fiber line into the GIS system;

[0028] The distance calculation unit is used for when a fault occurs in the optical fiber network, the OTDR device is activated, sends an optical pulse to the optical fiber and receives the reflected optical signal, and calculates the fault distance according to the time delay and intensity change of the return signal;

[0029] The verification unit is used to use multiple OTDRs to cross-verify accurate fault location and obtain a calibrated distance;

[0030] The coordinate calculation unit is used to calculate the geographic coordinates of the fault point by using the calibration distance combined with the actual paving path in the GIS system;

[0031] The calculated geographic coordinates are graphically displayed on the GIS platform.

[0032] The specific steps of calculating the fault distance according to the time delay and strength change of the return signal include:

[0033] Set the test parameters of OTDR;

[0034] The OTDR sends a high-intensity pulse of light into the optical fiber;

[0035] The OTDR’s receiver captures the returning optical signal;

[0036] The time delay and intensity of the returned optical signal are analyzed, and the position of the reflection point relative to the OTDR is calculated using the known propagation speed of light in the optical fiber.

[0037] The test parameters include pulse width, measurement range and averaging time.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection method, comprising: when a main transmission line fails, switching to this line for data transmission, and having a periodic self-check function;

[0039] Continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line, and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected;

[0040] Based on the GIS platform, the fault location of the main transmission line is located to obtain the location information;

[0041] Notify maintenance personnel of the location information.

[0042] The present invention discloses a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system and method, comprising a main transmission line, a backup transmission line, a real-time fault detection module, a fault location module and an alarm module; the backup transmission line is used to switch to this line for data transmission when a fault occurs in the main transmission line, and has a periodic self-check function; the real-time fault detection module is used to continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line, and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected; the fault location module is used to locate the fault position of the main transmission line based on the GIS platform to obtain the position information; the alarm module is used to notify the maintenance personnel of the position information. The main transmission line, as the main trunk of data transmission, adopts the most advanced optical fiber technology and dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology to ensure high-speed and large-capacity data transmission capabilities. The backup transmission line is deployed in parallel with the main line, has the same transmission capacity and bandwidth as the main line, and adopts advanced self-healing ring technology and periodic self-check function. The self-check includes sending test signals, evaluating the return time and signal quality, ensuring seamless switching at any time, and ensuring business continuity. The real-time fault detection module integrates high-precision optical power detectors, spectrum analyzers and bit error rate test units to monitor the optical signal strength, spectrum purity and bit error rate of the main transmission line in real time. Once a signal abnormality is detected (such as a sudden drop in optical power, a decrease in OSNR or a bit error rate exceeding the threshold), the preset algorithm is used to immediately evaluate and trigger the protection mechanism, such as route redirection or power adjustment. The fault location module is based on advanced GIS (geographic information system) technology, combined with OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) analysis, to accurately calculate the distance to the fault point, and combined with the geographical data of the fiber optic laying, quickly locate the specific geographical location of the fault. The module can generate an intuitive fault point map to provide accurate navigation for the on-site maintenance team. The alarm module adopts a multi-channel and multi-level alarm strategy, including instant messaging, email, SMS notifications and customizable APP push, to ensure that maintenance personnel receive detailed alarm information as soon as possible after the fault occurs. The alarm content includes the fault location, fault type and recommended response measures to ensure rapid response and efficient scheduling. This achieves all-round protection of the optical fiber network, greatly improves the stability and operation and maintenance efficiency of the network, and ensures the high quality and reliability of data transmission services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1It is a structural diagram of a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a backup transmission line according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a real-time fault detection module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a fault location module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Main transmission line 101, backup transmission line 102, real-time fault detection module 103, fault location module 104, alarm module 105, transmission line body 106, self-test unit 107, data acquisition unit 108, optical signal evaluation unit 109, bit error rate detection unit 110, threshold setting unit 111, switching unit 112, GIS data upload unit 113, distance calculation unit 114, coordinate calculation unit 115, verification unit 116, display unit 117. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] First embodiment

[0052] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 The present invention provides a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system, including a main transmission line 101, a backup transmission line 102, a real-time fault detection module 103, a fault location module 104 and an alarm module 105; the backup transmission line 102 is used to switch to this line for data transmission when a fault occurs in the main transmission line 101, and has a regular self-check function; the real-time fault detection module 103 is used to continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line 101, and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected; the fault location module 104 is used to locate the fault position of the main transmission line 101 based on the GIS platform to obtain the position information; the alarm module 105 is used to notify the maintenance personnel of the position information.

[0053] In this embodiment, the main transmission line 101 is the main road for data transmission. It uses high-quality optical fiber and advanced optical transmission technology and is designed to carry high-bandwidth and low-latency communication requirements. The line is carefully planned to ensure the stability and integrity of data in long-distance transmission. The backup transmission line 102 has the same transmission capacity as the main line. It not only seamlessly takes over the data transmission task when the main line fails to ensure uninterrupted service, but also has a regular self-checking mechanism. This self-checking function ensures that the backup line is always in the optimal state of standby at any time by simulating data transmission, checking line status and performance parameters, greatly enhancing the overall resilience of the system. The real-time fault detection module 103 uses high-precision optical power meters, OSNR monitors, bit error rate analyzers and other equipment to continuously monitor the optical signal strength, signal quality and transmission performance of the main transmission line 101. The module integrates intelligent algorithms and can quickly identify any indicator changes that deviate from the normal range. Once an abnormal situation is detected, it immediately triggers a pre-set protection mechanism, such as automatic route switching or dynamic power adjustment, to effectively prevent the spread of faults and reduce the risk of service interruption. The fault location module 104 relies on the GIS (geographic information system) platform and combines OTDR technology to accurately locate the geographical coordinates of the fault point at the first time of the fault. By analyzing the time delay and attenuation mode of the reflected light signal and combining the optical fiber network layout map pre-entered in the system, the fault location module 104 can generate an intuitive fault map, provide accurate navigation for on-site maintenance personnel, and accelerate the troubleshooting and repair process. The alarm module 105 ensures that once the fault location is completed, the fault location information, fault type and recommended action plan are immediately notified to the relevant maintenance personnel through multiple communication channels (including SMS, e-mail, instant message push and dedicated APP alarm). The module also integrates a notification confirmation mechanism and a status tracking function to ensure the timely transmission and receipt of information, and supports flexible adjustment of notification strategies according to the response of maintenance personnel to ensure the most effective resource scheduling and fault handling. Thus, the full chain of automated processing from fault detection, precise positioning to rapid response is realized, which greatly improves the stability and operation and maintenance efficiency of the network and provides a solid guarantee for the reliable operation of modern communication networks.

[0054] The backup transmission line 102 includes a transmission line body 106 and a self-test unit 107; the transmission line body 106 is used for signal transmission; the self-test unit 107 is used for periodically sending test data packets to verify the connectivity, delay and data integrity of the line through a preset loop.

[0055] As a physical path for data circulation, it uses high-performance optical fiber materials and optimized optical waveguide design to ensure that it can relay the data transmission task of the main line without loss in an emergency. It covers a geographical range equivalent to the main line and avoids potential environmental risk areas to enhance its reliability as an emergency line. The line is designed with sufficient bandwidth margin to seamlessly carry all data traffic during the switching period and maintain the same service quality.

[0056] The self-check unit 107 integrates a series of advanced diagnostic tools and algorithms, designed to perform comprehensive line health checks on a regular basis. The self-check process includes but is not limited to the following key steps:

[0057] The self-test unit 107 generates test data packets of a specific pattern according to a preset schedule or dynamically triggered by the system status. These data packets contain various parameters used to evaluate network performance, such as signal characteristics, timestamps, etc., to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the test.

[0058] In order to conduct the test without affecting the actual data transmission, the self-test unit 107 sends these data packets through a pre-configured loop path. This loop design cleverly bypasses normal business traffic and creates an independent test environment, so that the connectivity, latency and data integrity of the line can be accurately measured under real network conditions.

[0059] After the test data packet completes the loop, the self-test unit 107 collects and analyzes the feedback information to evaluate whether the transmission delay is within an acceptable range, whether the data packet is intact, and whether there is potential signal attenuation problem on the line. By comparing with historical records and preset thresholds, the system can immediately identify any signs of performance degradation.

[0060] Based on the analysis results, the self-check unit 107 can automatically generate a detailed line health report and immediately send an early warning to the network management system when any abnormality is found. This not only provides the maintenance team with an opportunity for early intervention, but also makes preventive maintenance possible, greatly reducing the risk of service interruption caused by line problems that are not discovered in time.

[0061] The real-time fault detection module 103 includes a data acquisition unit 108, an optical signal evaluation unit 109, a bit error rate detection unit 110, a threshold setting unit 111 and a switching unit 112; the data acquisition unit 108 is used to deploy an optical power monitor at a key node to continuously sample data; the optical signal evaluation unit 109 is used to measure the ratio of signal light to noise light through an optical spectrum analyzer to obtain optical power; the bit error rate detection unit 110 is used to obtain transmission quality data through a periodic test signal of the error detector; the threshold setting unit 111 is used to set upper and lower limit thresholds of the normal working range for the optical power and the bit error rate according to historical data; the switching unit 112 is used to enable the backup line when it is detected that the optical power or the bit error rate exceeds the upper and lower limit thresholds.

[0062] The key nodes include optical amplifiers and relay sites.

[0063] The data acquisition unit 108 is deployed at key nodes in the network architecture, such as optical amplifiers and relay stations, which are important links in the signal transmission process. The high-sensitivity optical power monitor deployed here continuously samples the optical signal intensity to provide real-time basic data for subsequent analysis. These data not only reflect the current transmission status, but also lay the foundation for long-term performance trend analysis. The optical signal evaluation unit 109 uses advanced spectrum analysis technology to deeply analyze the information collected from the data acquisition unit 108. It quantifies the optical power index by accurately measuring the ratio of signal light to background noise light. This step is crucial for judging the purity and strength of the signal and is the direct basis for evaluating the transmission quality. The bit error rate detection unit 110 periodically samples the transmission signal through an integrated error detector to calculate the bit error rate (BER). BER is a key indicator for measuring the accuracy of data transmission. Any bit error rate beyond the acceptable range means potential data loss or damage. The existence of this unit ensures real-time monitoring of data integrity. The threshold setting unit 111 intelligently sets reasonable upper and lower thresholds for optical power and bit error rate based on historical data analysis. These thresholds represent the operating boundaries of the network under normal conditions. Once the actual monitoring value deviates from this range, it is regarded as a possible fault signal. The dynamic adjustment capability of the threshold allows the system to adapt to changes in the network environment and improve the accuracy and adaptability of fault detection. As the core executor of fault response, the switching unit 112 continuously monitors the feedback information from the optical signal evaluation unit 109 and the bit error rate detection unit 110. Once it detects that any parameter exceeds the set threshold range, it will immediately trigger the activation of the backup line to achieve seamless switching. This automated process is completed within a few milliseconds, effectively preventing service interruptions caused by main line failures and ensuring the continuity and reliability of data transmission.

[0064] Among them, the specific steps of setting the upper and lower limit thresholds of the normal working range for optical power and bit error rate according to historical data include: exporting optical power and bit error rate data within a preset time period; identifying and eliminating abnormal values ​​that obviously deviate from the normal range; classifying data by time period, line type, weather conditions, and equipment status, and marking fault events; calculating statistical indicators of optical power and bit error rate; and setting upper and lower limit thresholds for optical power and bit error rate based on the statistical indicators.

[0065] First, export the historical data records of optical power and bit error rate within a specified time period from the network management system. This time period should be long enough to cover various operating conditions and environmental changes, such as a week, a month, or a quarter. After the data is exported, it is initially screened through data analysis tools to identify and remove extreme values ​​or abnormal data points, which may be caused by external interference, temporary equipment failures, or data recording errors, to ensure the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0066] The filtered data is classified according to different dimensions, including time periods (such as daytime and nighttime, weekdays and weekends), line types (such as long-distance backbone networks and urban access networks), weather conditions (sunny days, rainy days, extreme climates), and equipment status (newly installed equipment, equipment after maintenance). Through classification, the performance differences of the network under different conditions can be analyzed in more detail. Based on the classification, known fault events are marked, including information such as the time of occurrence, nature, and scope of impact, which is crucial to understanding abnormal fluctuations in the data.

[0067] Statistical analysis is performed on the data in each category, and statistical indicators such as the mean, median, standard deviation, maximum, minimum, and percentile of optical power and BER are calculated. These indicators help to depict the distribution of data and identify the central tendency and dispersion of data.

[0068] Based on the statistical results, combined with business requirements and equipment performance specifications, upper and lower thresholds are set for optical power and BER. Usually, the lower threshold of optical power is set below the historical lowest effective received power, taking into account a certain safety margin; the upper threshold is set below the equipment overload point. For BER, the target threshold is usually much lower than the actual observed average value, such as 10^-9 or lower, while the alarm threshold is slightly higher than this target value to provide early warning.

[0069] When setting the threshold, you also need to consider the safety margin to avoid frequent false positive alarms. At the same time, as the network environment and device performance change, the threshold should not remain unchanged, but should be regularly re-evaluated and adjusted based on the latest historical data to ensure that it always meets the current operating conditions of the network.

[0070] Among them, the fault location module 104 includes a GISGIS data uploading unit 113, a distance calculation unit 114, a coordinate calculation unit 115, a verification unit 116 and a display unit 117: the GISGIS data uploading unit 113 is used to enter the actual laying path of the optical fiber line into the GIS system; the distance calculation unit 114 is used when a fault occurs in the optical fiber network, the OTDR device is activated, sends light pulses to the optical fiber and receives the reflected light signal, and calculates the fault distance according to the time delay and intensity change of the return signal; the verification unit 116 is used to use multiple OTDRs to cross-validate the accurate fault location and obtain the calibrated distance; the coordinate calculation unit 115 is used to calculate the geographic coordinates of the fault point by combining the calibrated distance with the actual laying path in the GIS system; the calculated geographic coordinates are graphically marked on the GIS platform.

[0071] GISGIS data upload unit 113 is responsible for entering the actual laying information of the optical fiber line into the geographic information system (GIS). This covers all path details from design drawings to on-site laying, including but not limited to line direction, burial depth, terrain and geomorphic feature points, etc. The data is entered by digital means to ensure the high accuracy and traceability of the information, and provide a basic geographical framework for subsequent fault location. The distance calculation unit 114 relies on the optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) equipment, which is a technical tool that can emit light pulses into optical fibers and analyze the return signals. By analyzing the round-trip time delay of the optical pulse and the attenuation pattern of the reflected signal, the distance calculation unit 114 can accurately quantify the physical distance between the fault point and the test port, laying a quantitative foundation for subsequent positioning work.

[0072] To ensure the accuracy of fault location, the module is designed with a verification unit 116, which adopts a multi-point or multi-device cross-verification strategy. This means that the same fault is measured from different locations or using multiple OTDR devices, and by comparing and analyzing these independently obtained distance data, the single-point measurement error is eliminated, and the actual location of the fault is further accurately determined, thereby obtaining a more reliable "calibration distance".

[0073] Combined with the fiber optic laying path data and calibration distance pre-entered in the GIS system, the coordinate calculation unit 115 calculates the exact geographic coordinates (longitude and latitude) of the fault point through complex algorithm processing. This process requires precise geospatial analysis capabilities to ensure that the calculation results are highly consistent with the actual geographical location.

[0074] Finally, the calculated geographic coordinates of the fault point will be displayed in an intuitive graphical form on the GIS platform. This includes not only marking the location of the fault point on the electronic map, but also highlighting the network structure around the fault area, the affected service range, and feasible maintenance path planning. This visual presentation method greatly enhances the response speed and efficiency of the maintenance team, making fault detection and repair work faster and more accurate.

[0075] The specific steps of calculating the fault distance based on the time delay and intensity change of the return signal include: setting the test parameters of the OTDR; the OTDR sends a high-intensity light pulse to the optical fiber; the OTDR receiver captures the returned light signal; analyzing the time delay and intensity of the returned light signal, and calculating the position of the reflection point relative to the OTDR using the known propagation speed of light in the optical fiber.

[0076] First, the technician will carefully set a series of key test parameters on the OTDR device based on the fiber type, network length, expected fault type, and required positioning accuracy. These parameters mainly include:

[0077] Pulse width: determines the duration of the light pulse. A narrower pulse width provides better resolution and is suitable for short-distance, high-density fiber optic network detection; while a wider pulse width is suitable for long-distance transmission, sacrificing some resolution to enhance signal strength.

[0078] Measuring range: Set the maximum fiber length that the OTDR can detect. It needs to be selected according to the actual network layout to ensure that the entire fiber segment under test is covered without missing the reflection information at the far end.

[0079] Averaging time: refers to the number of times pulses are sent and superimposed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Increasing the averaging time can reduce the impact of random noise and improve measurement accuracy, but it will also extend the test time.

[0080] After setting the parameters, the OTDR device injects a high-intensity light pulse into the optical fiber. This light pulse propagates along the optical fiber until it encounters a discontinuity (such as a break, connector, or severe loss area) or an end point in the optical fiber, and then part of the light is reflected back to the OTDR. The OTDR's highly sensitive receiver waits for and captures these reflected light signals. The reflected signal carries information about the characteristics of the optical fiber and the location of the fault point, and its time and intensity changes are the key to fault location. According to the speed of light propagating in the optical fiber (approximately 200,000 kilometers per second), the time delay from the emission of the light pulse to the receipt of the reflected signal is calculated. This time difference directly corresponds to the round-trip distance of the light pulse from the OTDR to the fault point. The intensity change of the reflected signal reflects the loss of the optical fiber line and the characteristics of the fault point. Stronger reflections often mean that an obvious physical break or a large loss point has been encountered, while weaker reflections may indicate connector loss or optical fiber microcracks. Combining the speed of light with the time delay, as well as the correction of the propagation speed of the light pulse in the optical fiber (taking into account the influence of factors such as optical fiber material and temperature), the precise distance of the reflection point relative to the OTDR is calculated. This calculation process is usually completed automatically by the OTDR's built-in algorithm, providing an intuitive reading of the distance to the fault point.

[0081] Second embodiment

[0082] See also Figure 5 The present invention also provides a high-efficiency optical transmission line protection method, comprising:

[0083] S101 switches to this line for data transmission when the main transmission line 101 fails, and has a regular self-check function;

[0084] In the system design, a backup transmission line 102 is integrated with performance comparable to that of the main transmission line 101. When the monitoring system detects any type of failure on the main transmission line 101, such as signal loss, severe attenuation or physical damage, the automatic switching procedure is immediately initiated, and the backup line is seamlessly switched to continue data transmission to ensure that business continuity is not affected. In addition, the backup line is equipped with advanced self-checking functions, which are executed dynamically according to a preset schedule or based on network activity patterns. By sending specific test data packets and monitoring their return conditions, the line's connectivity, delay and data integrity are regularly self-diagnosed, thereby discovering and resolving potential problems in advance, further enhancing system availability.

[0085] S102 continuously monitors the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line 101, and automatically triggers a protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected;

[0086] The system uses high-precision optical power monitors and bit error rate testers to continuously monitor the optical signal strength, spectrum quality and bit error rate (BER) of the main transmission line 101. Once any abnormality exceeding the preset threshold is detected, such as a significant drop in signal strength, spectrum pollution or a significant increase in BER, the protection mechanism is immediately activated, including but not limited to route redirection, power regulation or fault isolation measures to prevent the spread of faults and maintain the stability and security of data transmission.

[0087] S103 locates the fault position of the main transmission line 101 based on the GIS platform to obtain position information;

[0088] By leveraging the powerful functions of the Geographic Information System (GIS), the precise laying information of the optical fiber line and OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) technology are integrated to quickly locate the fault point of the main transmission line 101. When a fault is detected, the system automatically triggers the OTDR to send an optical pulse to the optical fiber, analyzes the returned reflected signal, and calculates and locks the specific geographical location of the fault based on the round-trip time delay and intensity change of the optical pulse, combined with the precise map data of the GIS platform. This process is not only fast, but also has high positioning accuracy, providing direct navigation for the on-site maintenance team and shortening the fault response time.

[0089] S104 notifies the maintenance personnel of the location information.

[0090] Once the fault location is completed, the intelligent alarm module 105 is immediately triggered, and the detailed location information, fault type and preliminary analysis results of the fault are immediately pushed to the maintenance personnel responsible for the corresponding area through the integrated communication platform, including but not limited to SMS, email, mobile APP push notification and configurable voice call. The notification system supports priority sorting to ensure that emergency faults are responded to as quickly as possible. At the same time, the system can also track the response status of the maintenance personnel and automatically escalate the notification to higher management or backup maintenance teams when necessary to ensure that the problem is handled promptly and effectively.

[0091] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance optical transmission line protection system, characterized in that: It includes a main transmission line, a backup transmission line, a real-time fault detection module, a fault location module and an alarm module; The backup transmission line is used to switch to this line for data transmission when the main transmission line fails, and has a regular self-check function; The real-time fault detection module is used to continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected; The fault location module is used to locate the fault position of the main transmission line based on the GIS platform to obtain location information; The alarm module is used to notify maintenance personnel of the location information.

2. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The standby transmission line includes a transmission line body and a self-checking unit; The transmission line body is used for signal transmission; The self-check unit is used to periodically send test data packets to verify the connectivity, delay and data integrity of the line through a preset loop.

3. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time fault detection module includes a data acquisition unit, an optical signal evaluation unit, a bit error rate detection unit, a threshold setting unit and a switching unit; The data acquisition unit is used to deploy optical power monitors at key nodes to continuously sample data; The optical signal evaluation unit is used to measure the ratio of signal light to noise light through a spectrum analyzer to obtain optical power; The bit error rate detection unit is used to obtain transmission quality data through a periodic test signal of the bit error detector; The threshold setting unit is used to set the upper and lower thresholds of the normal working range for the optical power and the bit error rate according to the historical data; The switching unit is used to enable the standby line when it is detected that the optical power or the bit error rate exceeds the upper and lower limit thresholds.

4. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The key nodes include optical amplifiers and relay sites.

5. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps of setting the upper and lower thresholds of the normal working range for the optical power and the bit error rate according to the historical data include: Export optical power and bit error rate data within a preset time period; Identify and eliminate outliers that significantly deviate from the normal range; Classify data by time period, line type, weather conditions, equipment status, and mark fault events; Calculate statistical indicators of optical power and bit error rate; Set upper and lower thresholds for optical power and bit error rate based on statistical indicators.

6. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The fault location module includes a GIS data uploading unit, a distance calculation unit, a coordinate calculation unit, a verification unit and a display unit: The GIS data uploading unit is used to enter the actual laying path of the optical fiber line into the GIS system; The distance calculation unit is used for when a fault occurs in the optical fiber network, the OTDR device is activated, sends an optical pulse to the optical fiber and receives the reflected optical signal, and calculates the fault distance according to the time delay and intensity change of the return signal; The verification unit is used to use multiple OTDRs to cross-verify accurate fault location and obtain a calibrated distance; The coordinate calculation unit is used to calculate the geographic coordinates of the fault point by using the calibration distance combined with the actual paving path in the GIS system; The calculated geographic coordinates are graphically displayed on the GIS platform.

7. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of calculating the fault distance according to the time delay and intensity change of the return signal include: Set the test parameters of OTDR; The OTDR sends a high-intensity pulse of light into the optical fiber; The OTDR’s receiver captures the returning optical signal; The time delay and intensity of the returned optical signal are analyzed, and the position of the reflection point relative to the OTDR is calculated using the known propagation speed of light in the optical fiber.

8. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The test parameters include pulse width, measurement range and averaging time.

9. A high-efficiency optical transmission line protection method, It is characterized in that Including: when the main transmission line fails, it switches to this line for data transmission and has a regular self-check function; Continuously monitor the optical signal strength and quality of the main transmission line, and automatically trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected; Based on the GIS platform, the fault location of the main transmission line is located to obtain the location information; Notify maintenance personnel of the location information.

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