Information sending method, information receiving method, information sending device, information receiving device and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an information sending method and device, an information receiving method and device and communication equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the information sending method comprises the steps that first equipment obtains a modulation symbol to be sent; sending the modulation symbol according to a space-time block code; wherein the space-time block code satisfies the following content: the product of elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; the space-time block code satisfies an orthogonal property or a single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies a quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an information sending method, receiving method, device and communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, space-time block codes are widely used in cellular communications and wireless local area networks, and obtain diversity gain and antenna gain without increasing bandwidth by introducing signal redundancy in the space and time domains and reasonably constructing a block coding transmission matrix. However, most of these space-time block codes are designed for active communication systems, without considering the energy collection efficiency requirements of passive devices or semi-passive devices such as backscatter communication devices, so these space-time block codes result in low energy collection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an information sending method, a receiving method, an apparatus and a communication device, which can solve the problem of low energy collection efficiency caused by space-time block codes in related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for sending information is provided, which is performed by a first device, and the method includes:

[0005] The first device obtains a modulation symbol to be sent;

[0006] The first device sends the modulation symbol according to a space-time block code;

[0007] The space-time block code satisfies the following conditions:

[0008] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0009] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0010] In a second aspect, a method for receiving information is provided, which is performed by a second device, and the method includes:

[0011] The second device receives a modulation symbol sent by the first device, wherein the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following content:

[0012] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0013] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0014] In a third aspect, an information sending apparatus is provided, which is applied to a first device and includes:

[0015] An acquisition module, used for acquiring modulation symbols to be sent;

[0016] A sending module, used for sending the modulation symbol according to the space-time block code;

[0017] The space-time block code satisfies the following conditions:

[0018] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0019] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, an information receiving apparatus is provided, which is applied to a second device and includes:

[0021] A receiving module, configured to receive a modulation symbol sent by a first device, wherein the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following contents:

[0022] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0023] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0025] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, for example, when the communication device is a first device, the processor is used to obtain a modulation symbol to be sent, and the communication interface is used to send the modulation symbol according to a space-time block code; or, when the communication device is a second device, the communication interface is used to receive a modulation symbol sent by the first device, and the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code; the space-time block code satisfies the following contents: the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0026] In the seventh aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0027] In an eighth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising a first device and a second device, wherein the first device can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the second device can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0028] In the ninth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0029] In the tenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, wherein the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the modulation symbol to be sent, the modulation symbol can be sent according to the space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following content: the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or single property of the orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code. Thus, by virtue of the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code being 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code being 0, some antennas can be made not to send modulation symbols in some symbol periods but only to collect energy, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency; and by virtue of the space-time block code satisfying the orthogonal property or single property of the orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfying the quasi-orthogonal property of the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, diversity gain and antenna gain can be obtained without increasing the bandwidth, thereby achieving higher energy collection efficiency while ensuring diversity gain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backscatter communication device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication modulation process in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of an energy harvesting circuit in a backscatter communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a flow chart of an information sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a flow chart of an information receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D This is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting in Example 1 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an information sending device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of an information receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms "first", "second", etc. of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three schemes, namely, Scheme 1: including A but not including B; Scheme 2: including B but not including A; Scheme 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following descriptions, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as the 6th generation (6 th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0043] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following contents are first described.

[0044] Backscatter Communication (BSC) refers to the use of radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to modulate the signal to transmit its own information. It is a typical passive IoT device. Figure 1A As shown in the figure, the basic building blocks and main functions of the backscatter communication transmitter include:

[0045] -Antenna unit: used to receive RF signals, control commands, and also to send modulated backscattered signals.

[0046] -Energy harvesting module or power supply module: This module is used for backscatter communication equipment to harvest radio frequency energy or other energy, including but not limited to solar energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, etc. In addition to the energy harvesting module, it may also include a battery power supply module. In this case, the backscatter communication device is a semi-passive device. The energy harvesting module or power supply module supplies power to all other modules in the device.

[0047] -Microcontroller: including control of baseband signal processing, energy storage or data scheduling status, switch switching, system synchronization, etc.

[0048] -Signal receiving module: used to demodulate control commands or data sent by the backscatter communication receiving end or other network nodes.

[0049] - Channel coding and modulation module: performs channel coding and signal modulation under the control of the controller, and realizes modulation by selecting different load impedances under the control of the controller through a selection switch.

[0050] -Memory or sensor module: used to store device identification information, location information or sensor data, etc.

[0051] In addition to the typical components mentioned above, the future backscatter communication transmitter can also integrate tunnel diode amplifier modules, low noise amplifier modules, etc. to improve the receiving sensitivity and transmission power of the transmitter.

[0052] Optionally, the basic building blocks and main functions of the backscatter communication receiving end include:

[0053] -Antenna unit: used to receive the modulated backscattered signal.

[0054] -Backscatter signal detection module: used to detect the backscatter signal sent by the backscatter communication transmitter, including but not limited to ASK detection, PSK detection, FSK detection or QAM detection, etc.

[0055] -Demodulation and decoding module: demodulates and decodes the detected signal to restore the original information stream.

[0056] The backscatter communication device controls the reflection coefficient Γ of the modulation circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation. The modulation circuit can be as follows Figure 1B As shown, the reflection coefficient Γ can be characterized as:

[0057]

[0058] Where Z0 is the antenna characteristic impedance; Z1 is the load impedance; j represents a complex number, θ T Indicates the phase. Assume that the incident signal is S in (t), the output signal is Therefore, corresponding amplitude modulation, frequency modulation or phase modulation can be achieved by reasonably controlling the reflection coefficient. Based on this, the backscatter communication device can be a tag in the traditional radio frequency identification (RFID) or a passive or semi-passive Internet of Things (IoT). Here, the backscatter communication device can be collectively referred to as a BSC device.

[0059] Optionally, the backscatter communication device in the embodiment of the present application may be a single-base backscatter communication system or a dual-base backscatter communication system or a BSC sending device therein.

[0060] Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, backscatter communication equipment mainly collects electromagnetic wave energy in the environment through energy collection circuits. Figure 1C As shown in the figure, the energy harvesting circuit mainly includes a rectifying antenna, a boost and voltage stabilization module, wherein the rectifying antenna includes a receiving antenna, a matching network and a rectifier circuit. First, the receiving antenna receives electromagnetic wave energy from the environment and converts it into an AC signal; the matching network is used to match the antenna impedance with the load impedance to ensure that energy harvesting does not produce reflection and improve the energy harvesting efficiency; the rectifier circuit includes a rectifier, which is used to receive high-frequency AC signals from the antenna and convert the AC signals into DC; since the rectifier only outputs a weak forward voltage, which is far from the starting voltage of the controller, a boost module is required to increase the input voltage by a certain order of magnitude to reach the starting voltage of the backscatter communication device; the voltage stabilization module is mainly to solve the problem of affecting the working state of the backscatter communication device controller due to the instability of the input signal. The receiving antenna, matching network and rectifier circuit contained in the rectifying antenna are the core of the energy harvesting circuit, which determines the efficiency of the backscatter communication device in collecting energy.

[0061] When harvesting energy, the load impedance is required to match the impedance value of the receiving antenna to ensure maximum energy absorption. If a matching network is used in power distribution, the error of current amplitude and phase can be reduced. When the ambient RF signal passes through the rectifier, a large number of harmonic signals will be generated, resulting in energy loss in the rectifier circuit and affecting the energy conversion efficiency. When setting up the rectifier circuit, the indicators that need to be considered include conversion efficiency, stabilization time, bandwidth and sensitivity. The conversion efficiency determines the ability of the rectifier circuit to convert the electromagnetic wave energy of the ambient RF signal into a DC level, and the stabilization time refers to the duration for which the output voltage of the rectifier circuit remains at a relatively stable level.

[0062] Since the transmission phase of the backscatter communication device is divided into an energy storage phase and a data transmission phase, the duty cycle D of these two phases can be defined as cycle for:

[0063] Among them, T A Indicates the time of data transmission phase, T M It represents the time of energy storage stage. Assume that the energy collection rate in energy storage stage is defined as P M , and there is no energy consumption in the energy storage phase, and the energy collection rate in the data transmission phase is defined as P A , while the energy consumption rate in the data transmission phase is P C , then the actual energy collection efficiency in the data transmission stage is (P A -P C ).

[0064] Optionally, the solution in the present application can be applied to LTE systems, 5G NR systems and NR evolution systems, such as 6G systems and 6G evolution systems, as well as IEEE 802.11 systems (such as WiFi systems), Bluetooth systems, LoRa systems, Zigbee systems, passive communication systems, low-power communication systems, backscatter communication systems, etc.

[0065] The following, in combination with the accompanying drawings, describes in detail the information sending method, apparatus, communication device and readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application through some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0066] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is a flowchart of an information sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the method is executed by a first device, the first device is a passive device or a semi-passive device such as a BSC sending device. Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step 21: Obtain modulation symbols to be sent;

[0068] Step 22: Send the modulation symbols according to the space-time block code.

[0069] In this embodiment, the space-time block code is suitable for backscatter communication and can be set according to the load impedance modulation characteristics of the backscatter communication device and the characteristics of the radio frequency power supply. The dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, and both M and N are integers greater than 1; the space-time block code S can be expressed as:

[0070]

[0071] The element s in the space-time block code S i,j represents the modulation symbol sent / transmitted on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N. The i-th row element in S represents the modulation symbol transmitted on N antennas and at the i-th time, and the j-th column element in S represents the modulation symbol transmitted in M ​​symbol periods and on the j-th antenna.

[0072] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies the following:

[0073] 1) The product of the elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0074] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0.

[0075] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0076] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0077] 2) The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0078] For example, when the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, the space-time block code S satisfies the following condition (1):

[0079]

[0080] In the above condition (1), s idenotes the diagonal elements in the space-time block code S. I denotes the identity matrix of dimension M. Each column in the space-time block code S that satisfies the above condition (1) is mutually orthogonal, which means that the transmitted symbol sequences on different antennas are also orthogonal, thereby ensuring that the space-time block code S can obtain full diversity gain at the same time.

[0081] For another example, when the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, the space-time block code S satisfies the following condition (2):

[0082]

[0083] In the above condition (2), s i represents the diagonal elements in the space-time block code S. Q is a sparse matrix whose diagonal elements are 1 and has at least N 2 / 2 zero elements are located on the non-diagonal lines. The columns in the space-time block code S that meets the above condition (2) can be divided into groups. The column elements in each group are not orthogonal, but the orthogonality between different groups is still maintained. Therefore, for the space-time block code S that meets the above condition (2), although full diversity gain and full rate cannot be obtained at the same time, a diversity gain slightly worse than the full diversity gain can be obtained and the full rate can be obtained.

[0084] Therefore, by virtue of the product of the elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code being 0, or the product of the elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code being 0, some antennas do not send modulation symbols in some symbol periods but only collect energy, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency; by virtue of the space-time block code satisfying the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfying the quasi-orthogonal property of the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, diversity gain and antenna gain can be obtained without increasing the bandwidth, thereby achieving higher energy collection efficiency while ensuring diversity gain.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the space-time block code S can be constructed according to whether M and N are the same.

[0086] Optionally, when M=N, that is, when the space-time block code S is a full-rate space-time block code, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code S is 0, that is, for any i, and i∈{1,2,…,M}, the following formula is satisfied: Alternatively, the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0, that is, for any j, and j∈{1,2,…,N}, the following formula is satisfied: Among them, ∏ represents the multiplication symbol.

[0087] For example, when M=N, the space-time block code satisfies any of the following: ① the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0; ② the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0; ③ the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0. Optionally,

[0088] Optionally, when M≠N, that is, when the space-time block code S is a non-full-rate space-time block code, the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0. For example, when M≠N, the space-time block code satisfies any of the following: ① the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0; ② the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; ③ the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0089] Optionally, when M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, for example, satisfies the above condition (1).

[0090] Optionally, when M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (2).

[0091] Optionally, when M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (1); or, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (2).

[0092] Optionally, the space-time block code may be obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix; or, the space-time block code may be obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code.

[0093] Optionally, the space-time block code is a complex domain space-time block code.

[0094] Optionally, the modulation symbol is a symbol modulated by Phase Shift Keying (PSK) to ensure transmission performance.

[0095] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of an information receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method is executed by a second device, the second device is, for example, a BSC receiving device. Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0096] Step 31: The second device receives modulation symbols sent by the first device, where the modulation symbols are sent according to space-time block codes.

[0097] In this embodiment, the space-time block code is suitable for backscatter communication. The dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, where both M and N are integers greater than 1; the space-time block code S can be expressed as:

[0098]

[0099] The element s in the space-time block code S i,j represents the modulation symbol sent / transmitted on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N. The i-th row element in S represents the modulation symbol transmitted on N antennas and at the i-th time, and the j-th column element in S represents the modulation symbol transmitted in M ​​symbol periods and on the j-th antenna.

[0100] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies the following:

[0101] 1) The product of the elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0102] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0.

[0103] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0104] Optionally, the space-time block code satisfies: the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0105] 2) The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0106] For example, when the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, the space-time block code S satisfies the following condition (1):

[0107]

[0108] In the above condition (1), s idenotes the diagonal elements in the space-time block code S. I denotes the identity matrix of dimension M. Each column in the space-time block code S that satisfies the above condition (1) is mutually orthogonal, which means that the transmitted symbol sequences on different antennas are also orthogonal, thereby ensuring that the space-time block code S can obtain full diversity gain at the same time.

[0109] For another example, when the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, the space-time block code S satisfies the following condition (2):

[0110]

[0111] In the above condition (2), s i represents the diagonal elements in the space-time block code S. Q is a sparse matrix whose diagonal elements are 1 and has at least N 2 / 2 zero elements are located on the non-diagonal lines. The columns in the space-time block code S that meets the above condition (2) can be divided into groups. The column elements in each group are not orthogonal, but the orthogonality between different groups is still maintained. Therefore, for the space-time block code S that meets the above condition (2), although full diversity gain and full rate cannot be obtained at the same time, a diversity gain slightly worse than the full diversity gain can be obtained and the full rate can be obtained.

[0112] Therefore, by virtue of the product of the elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code being 0, or the product of the elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code being 0, some antennas do not send modulation symbols in some symbol periods but only collect energy, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency; by virtue of the space-time block code satisfying the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfying the quasi-orthogonal property of the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, diversity gain and antenna gain can be obtained without increasing the bandwidth, thereby achieving higher energy collection efficiency while ensuring diversity gain.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, the space-time block code S can be constructed according to whether M and N are the same.

[0114] Optionally, when M=N, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0. For example, when M=N, the space-time block code satisfies any of the following: ① the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0; ② the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0; ③ the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0. Optionally,

[0115] Optionally, when M≠N, the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0. For example, when M≠N, the space-time block code satisfies any of the following: ① the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0; ② the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; ③ the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, and the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0116] Optionally, when M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, for example, satisfies the above condition (1).

[0117] Optionally, when M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (2).

[0118] Optionally, when M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (1); or, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, such as satisfying the above condition (2).

[0119] Optionally, the space-time block code may be obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix; or, the space-time block code may be obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code. In this way, the transformed space-time block code can maintain the full diversity and full rate characteristics of the pre-determined space-time block code and can also achieve higher energy collection efficiency.

[0120] Optionally, the space-time block code is a complex domain space-time block code.

[0121] Optionally, the modulation symbol is a symbol modulated by Phase Shift Keying (PSK) to ensure transmission performance.

[0122] The space-time block code in this application is explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0123] Example 1

[0124] In this embodiment 1, a space-time block code that can provide higher energy efficiency is obtained by performing an orthogonal / linear transformation on a pre-determined orthogonal space-time block code, and the transformed space-time block code maintains the full diversity and full rate characteristics of the orthogonal space-time block code. A pre-determined 2×2 orthogonal space-time block code is expressed as:

[0125]

[0126] The transformed space-time block code, that is, the orthogonal space-time block code after orthogonal / linear transformation of the pre-orthogonal space-time block code, can be expressed as:

[0127]

[0128] From the above, we can see that the transformed space-time block code It also satisfies the orthogonal space-time block code characteristics.

[0129] Assume that the duty cycle D of the energy storage phase and the data transmission phase is defined as cycle for:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, T A Indicates the time of data transmission phase, T M Represents the time of the energy storage phase. If the energy collection rate in the energy storage phase is defined as P M , and there is no energy consumption in the energy storage phase, and the energy collection rate in the data transmission phase is defined as P A , while the energy consumption rate in the data transmission phase is P C , then the actual energy collection efficiency in the data transmission stage is (P A -P C ).

[0132] According to the pre-defined 2×2 orthogonal space-time block code For the BPSK-modulated symbol (s1, s2), at time t1, antennas 1 and 2 need to send the symbol simultaneously. At time t2, antennas 1 and 2 need to send symbol (-s2, s1) simultaneously. At time t1, the symbol transmitted on antennas 1 and 2 is There is always a symbol that is 0; at time t2, there is also a symbol that is 0 in the symbols (s1-s2, s1+s2) sent by antennas 1 and 2.

[0133] FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D is the modulation structure corresponding to the original orthogonal space-time block code and the transformed orthogonal space-time block code. Taking (s1, s2) = (1, 1) as an example, for the original orthogonal space-time block code, at time t1, antennas 1 and 2 need to send symbols simultaneously That is, both antennas 1 and 2 are in the data transmission stage; at time t2, antennas 1 and 2 need to send symbols (-s2, s1) = (-1, 1) at the same time, that is, both antennas 1 and 2 are in the data transmission stage. However, for the transformed orthogonal space-time block code, at time t1, the symbols sent by antennas 1 and 2 are That is, antenna 1 is in the data transmission stage, and antenna 2 is always in the energy storage stage; at time t2, the symbol sent by antennas 1 and 2 is (s1-s2, s1+s2) = (0, 2), that is, antenna 1 is always in the energy storage stage, and antenna 2 is in the data transmission stage. Based on this, the energy collection rates under the original orthogonal space-time block code and the transformed orthogonal space-time block code can be calculated as follows:

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] because:

[0137] 2(P A -P c ) <P M +P A -P C

[0138] Therefore, it can be concluded that:

[0139]

[0140] Based on the above content, it can be concluded that the transformed orthogonal space-time block code can achieve higher energy collection efficiency while maintaining its own full diversity gain, full rate and orthogonality, and is therefore suitable for equipment that requires energy supply, such as backscatter communication equipment.

[0141] Example 2

[0142] In this embodiment 2, a space-time block code with a higher dimension is used. When the number of transmitting antennas is greater than 2, the pre-prepared quasi-orthogonal space-time block code can be orthogonalized / linearly transformed to obtain a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code that can provide higher energy collection efficiency. A pre-prepared 4×4 quasi-orthogonal space-time block code is expressed as:

[0143]

[0144] The transformed space-time block code, that is, the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code after orthogonal / linear transformation of the pre-quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, can be expressed as:

[0145]

[0146] From the above, we can see that the transformed space-time block code It also satisfies the quasi-orthogonal space-time block code characteristics.

[0147] According to the pre-defined 4×4 quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, for the symbols (s1, s2, s 3,,s4), at time t1, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 need to send symbols (s1, s2, s4, s3) at the same time; at time t2, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 need to send symbols at the same time At time t3, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 need to send symbols simultaneously At time t4, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 simultaneously send symbols (s3, -s4, -s2, s1). However, for the transformed space-time block code, at time t1, there is always a symbol 0 among the symbols (s1+s2+s4+s3, -s1+s2-s4+s3, -s1-s2+s4+s3, s1-s2-s4+s3) sent by antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 simultaneously; at time t2, there is always a symbol 0 among the symbols (s1+s2+s4+s3, -s1+s2-s4+s3, s1-s2-s4+s3) sent by antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 simultaneously. There is always one symbol in the , at time t3, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 send symbols simultaneously There is always one symbol that is 0; at time t4, there is always one symbol that is 0 among the symbols sent simultaneously by antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 (s3-s4-s2+s1, -s3-s4+s2+s1, -s3+s4-s2+s1, s3+s4+s2+s1).

[0148] The BPSK modulation symbol (s1, s2, s 3, ,s4)=(1,-1,1,-1) as an example, according to the original 4×4 quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, at time t1, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 need to send symbols (s1,s2,s4,s3)=(1,-1,-1,1) at the same time, that is, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 are all in the data transmission stage; at time t2, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 send symbols at the same time That is, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all in the data transmission phase; at time t3, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 need to send symbols simultaneously That is, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all in the data transmission stage; at time t4, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 simultaneously send symbols (s3, -s4, -s2, s1) = (1, 1, 1, 1), that is, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all in the data transmission stage. However, for the transformed space-time block code, at time t1, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 need to simultaneously send symbols (s1+s2+s4+s3, -s1+s2-s4+s3, -s1-s2+s4+s3, s1-s2-s4+s3) = (0, 0, 0, 4), that is, antennas 1, 2, and 3 are always in the energy storage stage, and antenna 4 is in the data transmission stage; at time t2, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 simultaneously send symbols That is, antennas 1, 2, and 4 are always in the energy storage stage, and antenna 3 is in the data transmission stage; at time t3, antennas 1, 2, 3, and 4 need to send symbols at the same time That is, antennas 1, 3 and 4 are always in the energy storage stage, and antenna 2 is in the data transmission stage; at time t4, antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4 simultaneously send symbols (s3-s4-s2+s1, -s3-s4+s2+s1, -s3+s4-s2+s1, s3+s4+s2+s1) = (4, 0, 0, 0), that is, antennas 2, 3 and 4 are always in the energy storage stage, and antenna 1 is in the data transmission stage.

[0149] Based on this, the energy collection rates under the original orthogonal space-time block code and the transformed orthogonal space-time block code can be calculated as follows:

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] because:

[0153] 4(P A -P c )<3×P M +P A -P C

[0154] Therefore, it can be concluded that:

[0155]

[0156] Based on the above content, it can be concluded that the transformed orthogonal space-time block code can achieve higher energy collection efficiency while maintaining its own full diversity gain, full rate and quasi-orthogonality, and is therefore suitable for equipment that requires energy supply, such as backscatter communication equipment.

[0157] Example 3

[0158] In this embodiment 3, the expansion is extended to a non-full rate space-time block code with a rate Take the complex domain space-time block code as an example:

[0159]

[0160] By performing an orthogonal / linear transformation on the space-time block code, the transformed space-time block code is obtained:

[0161]

[0162] The BPSK modulation symbol (s1, s2, s 3，,s4)=(1,-1,1,-1) as an example, the original space-time block code and the transformed space-time block code are:

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] Based on this, the energy collection rates under the source codebook and the optimized codebook can be calculated as follows:

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] because:

[0169] 4(P A -P c )<3×P M +P A -P C

[0170] Therefore, it can be concluded that:

[0171]

[0172] Based on the above content, it can be seen that the transformed space-time block code can achieve higher energy collection efficiency while maintaining its own rate and quasi-orthogonality, and is therefore suitable for equipment that requires energy supply, such as backscatter communication equipment.

[0173] The information sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by an information sending device. In the embodiment of the present application, the information sending device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the information sending method executed by the information sending device as an example.

[0174] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an information sending device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the device is applied to a first device, and the first device is, for example, a BSC sending device. Figure 5 As shown, the information sending device 50 includes:

[0175] An acquisition module 51 is used to acquire a modulation symbol to be sent;

[0176] A sending module 52, configured to send the modulation symbol according to a space-time block code;

[0177] The space-time block code satisfies the following conditions:

[0178] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0179] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0180] Optionally, the dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, where M and N are both integers greater than 1, and the element s in the space-time block code is i,j represents the modulation symbol sent on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.

[0181] Optionally, when M=N, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0182] Alternatively, when M≠N, the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0183] Optionally, when M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code;

[0184] Alternatively, when M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0185] Optionally, when M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0186] Optionally, the space-time block code is obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix, or the space-time block code is obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code.

[0187] Optionally, the space-time block code is a complex domain space-time block code.

[0188] Optionally, the modulation symbol is a symbol modulated by phase shift keying (PSK).

[0189] The information sending device 50 provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Figure 2 The various processes implemented by the method embodiment and achieving the same technical effect are not described here to avoid repetition.

[0190] See also Figure 6 , Figure 61 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an information receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the device is applied to a second device, and the second device is, for example, a BSC receiving device. Figure 6 As shown, the information receiving device 60 includes:

[0191] The receiving module 61 is configured to receive a modulation symbol sent by the first device, wherein the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following:

[0192] The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0193] The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0194] Optionally, the dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, where M and N are both integers greater than 1, and the element s in the space-time block code is i,j represents the modulation symbol sent on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.

[0195] Optionally, when M=N, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0;

[0196] Alternatively, when M≠N, the product of elements in each row of at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of elements in each column of at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

[0197] Optionally, when M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code;

[0198] Alternatively, when M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0199] Optionally, when M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

[0200] Optionally, the space-time block code is obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix, or the space-time block code is obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code.

[0201] Optionally, the space-time block code is a complex domain space-time block code.

[0202] Optionally, the modulation symbol is a symbol modulated by phase shift keying (PSK).

[0203] The information receiving device 60 provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve Figure 3 The various processes implemented by the method embodiment and achieving the same technical effect are not described here to avoid repetition.

[0204] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 70, including a processor 71 and a memory 72, and the memory 72 stores a program or instruction that can be executed on the processor 71. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor 71, it implements the various steps of the above-mentioned information sending method embodiment, or implements the various steps of the above-mentioned information receiving method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0205] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned information sending method embodiment are implemented, or the various steps of the above-mentioned information receiving method embodiment are implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0206] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0207] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned information sending method embodiment, or to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned information receiving method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0208] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0209] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium, and is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned information sending method embodiment, or to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned information receiving method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0210] An embodiment of the present application also provides a ... system, including: a terminal and a network side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the ... method described above, and the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the ... method described above.

[0211] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0212] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, disk, CD, etc.), including several instructions to enable a terminal or a network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0213] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, and these implementation methods are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for sending information, characterized in that: include: The first device obtains a modulation symbol to be sent; The first device sends the modulation symbol according to a space-time block code; The space-time block code satisfies the following conditions: The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, where M and N are both integers greater than 1, and the element s in the space-time block code i,j represents the modulation symbol sent on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that When M=N, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0; or, When M≠N, the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code; or, When M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

5. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The space-time block code is obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix, or the space-time block code is obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The space-time block code is a complex domain space-time block code.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The modulation symbol is a symbol modulated by phase shift keying (PSK).

9. A method for receiving information, characterized in that: include: The second device receives a modulation symbol sent by the first device, wherein the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following content: The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The dimension of the space-time block code is M×N, where M and N are both integers greater than 1, and the element s in the space-time block code i,j represents the modulation symbol sent on the jth antenna in the i-th symbol period, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that When M=N, the product of the elements in each row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements in each column of the space-time block code is 0; or, When M≠N, the product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: When M=N=2, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of the orthogonal space-time block code; or, When M=N>2, the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

13. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: When M≠N, and M>2, N>2, and M and N are both even numbers, the space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The space-time block code is obtained by multiplying a pre-determined space-time block code with an orthogonal matrix, or the space-time block code is obtained by performing an orthogonal transformation on a pre-determined space-time block code.

15. An information sending device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used for acquiring modulation symbols to be sent; A sending module, used for sending the modulation symbol according to the space-time block code; The space-time block code satisfies the following conditions: The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

16. An information receiving device, characterized in that: include: A receiving module, configured to receive a modulation symbol sent by a first device, wherein the modulation symbol is sent according to a space-time block code, and the space-time block code satisfies the following contents: The product of the elements of each row in at least one row of the space-time block code is 0, or the product of the elements of each column in at least one column of the space-time block code is 0; The space-time block code satisfies the orthogonal property or the single property of an orthogonal space-time block code, or the space-time block code satisfies the quasi-orthogonal property of a quasi-orthogonal space-time block code.

17. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the information sending method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or implements the steps of the information receiving method as described in any one of claims 9 to 14.

18. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the information sending method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or implements the steps of the information receiving method as described in any one of claims 9 to 14.

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