FRP-photovoltaic solar composite board

Abstract

The invention discloses an FRP-photovoltaic solar composite board which is composed of a base material, fibers and a flexible solar cell film. Wherein the lower surface layer and the upper surface layer are formed by compounding fibers and a base material, and the flexible solar cell film is located between the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer; the lower surface layer and the upper surface layer are formed by laminating single-layer or multi-layer fiber composite layers with multiple fiber angles and multiple fiber contents; the cellosilk is made of a glass fiber material; the base material is a transparent base material. According to the invention, the solar cell film is embedded in the transparent fiber reinforced composite material, so that the cell film is protected from being influenced by the external environment, and the service life is prolonged; a straight surface or any curved surface shape can be manufactured, different building structures and design requirements are met, and the solar energy utilization rate and the attractiveness are improved; the strength and rigidity of the composite board can be enhanced and the weight and the cost can be reduced by utilizing the mechanical properties of the cellosilk and the matrix material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is a clean, renewable, pollution-free energy source with broad application prospects. Solar cells are devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy and are usually made of silicon-based or non-silicon-based semiconductor materials. Solar cells can be divided into rigid solar cells and flexible solar cells. Rigid solar cells usually need to be installed on a sturdy bracket, with a fixed shape, and are not easy to adapt to different building structures and design requirements. Flexible solar cells can be bent or curled, with variable shapes, and are easier to install and use. However, flexible solar cells also have some problems, such as being easily affected by the external environment (such as temperature, humidity, ultraviolet rays, oxygen, etc.) to reduce efficiency and life; being easily damaged or broken by mechanical stress (such as stretching, compression, bending, etc.); lacking sufficient strength and rigidity and requiring additional support structures, etc.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art solutions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0006] A FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel is composed of a matrix material, fiber filaments, and a flexible solar cell film; wherein the lower layer and the upper layer are formed by the fiber filaments and the matrix material, and the flexible solar cell film is located between the upper layer and the lower layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower layer and the upper layer are formed by stacking single or multiple fiber composite layers with multiple fiber angles and multiple fiber contents.

[0008] Furthermore, the fiber filaments are made of glass fiber material.

[0009] Furthermore, the base material is a transparent base material.

[0010] Preferably, the processing method of the FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel includes the following steps: the first step: processing the mold shape into the required curved surface shape, and laying the multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with the matrix material on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction, and layer according to the mechanical property design requirements to form the lower layer of the composite panel; laying the flexible solar cell film on the surface of the lower layer, and then repeating the first step, laying the multi-directional fiber bundles on the upper surface of the flexible solar cell film, and forming a composite panel after curing.

[0011] Preferably, the upper layer is an upper transparent FRP layer, that is, an upper transparent fiber reinforced composite material layer, which is composed of multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with a transparent matrix material.

[0012] Furthermore, the multi-directional fiber bundle refers to a bundle composed of multiple parallel or staggered fiber filaments, which can be laid in different directions and angles to improve the anisotropy and isotropy of the composite material; impregnation refers to immersing the multi-directional fiber bundle in the matrix material so that the matrix material fully penetrates and wraps the fiber filaments to form a uniform and tight composite structure; the laying of the surface layer is to lay the multi-directional fiber bundle on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction and order to form a layer structure of the composite board.

[0013] Preferably, the lower layer is a lower transparent FRP layer, which is composed of multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with a transparent matrix material.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible solar cell film is embedded between the upper transparent FRP layer and the lower transparent FRP layer, and includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a photosensitive layer.

[0015] Preferably, the positive electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located above the flexible solar cell film, which is used to collect holes generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to an external circuit; the negative electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located below the flexible solar cell film, which is used to collect electrons generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to an external circuit; the photosensitive layer refers to a layer of photosensitive material located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which is used to absorb sunlight and generate electron-hole pairs, and transmit them to the negative electrode and the positive electrode, respectively.

[0016] The above-mentioned FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel is composed of a transparent fiber-reinforced composite material layer and a flexible solar cell film, and is prepared by a thermal curing or vacuum introduction process; the composite panel has certain advantages such as light transmittance, weather resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance. At the same time, the shape can be made into any curved shape, and it is suitable for structural and functional integrated products with various standard requirements.

[0017] Beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The present invention embeds the solar cell film into a transparent fiber-reinforced composite material to protect the cell film from the influence of the external environment and extend the service life; it can be made into a straight surface or an arbitrary curved surface shape to adapt to different building structures and design requirements, improve the utilization rate of solar energy and aesthetics; the mechanical properties of fiber filaments and matrix materials can be used to enhance the strength and rigidity of the composite board and reduce weight and cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] A FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel is composed of a matrix material, fiber filaments, and a flexible solar cell film; wherein the lower layer and the upper layer are formed by the fiber filaments and the matrix material, and the flexible solar cell film is located between the upper layer and the lower layer.

[0020] The lower layer and the upper layer can be a single layer or a multi-layer fiber composite layer with multiple fiber angles and multiple fiber contents.

[0021] The shape of the composite plate can be a straight surface shape or an arbitrary curved surface shape.

[0022] The fiber filaments are generally made of glass fiber material.

[0023] The base material is a transparent base material, such as unsaturated polyester or acrylic ester.

[0024] The flexible solar cell film embedded in the composite panel is a flexible panel that can be bent into any shape and can be of the following types: polycrystalline silicon thin film solar panel, amorphous silicon thin film solar panel, organic polymer solar panel, dye-sensitized solar panel, etc.

[0025] The processing method of FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel: the first step: processing the mold shape into the required curved surface shape, and laying the multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with the matrix material on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction and layer according to the mechanical performance design requirements to form the lower layer of the composite panel; the second step: laying the flexible solar cell film on the surface of the lower layer, repeating the first step, laying the multi-directional fiber bundles on the upper surface of the flexible solar cell film, and forming a composite panel after curing.

[0026] The upper layer is an upper transparent FRP layer, i.e., an upper transparent fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) layer, which is composed of multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with a transparent matrix material. The upper transparent FRP layer refers to a layer of FRP layer located above the flexible solar cell film, which protects the cell film from the influence of the external environment and provides a certain degree of light transmittance.

[0027] Among them, transparent fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) is a composite material composed of fiber filaments and matrix material, which has the characteristics of high strength, high stiffness, high weather resistance, high light transmittance, etc.; the fiber filaments can be selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and the fiber filaments are long and thin threads made of these materials, which have the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, low density, etc.; the matrix material can be selected from transparent resins made of unsaturated polyester or acrylic ester and other materials, which have the characteristics of high light transmittance, high adhesion, low shrinkage, etc.

[0028] Multi-directional fiber tows refer to bundles composed of multiple parallel or staggered fiber filaments, which can be laid in different directions and angles to improve the anisotropy and isotropy of the composite material; impregnation refers to immersing the multi-directional fiber tows into the matrix material so that the matrix material fully penetrates and wraps the fiber filaments to form a uniform and tight composite structure; the laying of the surface layer is to lay the multi-directional fiber tows on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction and sequence to form a layer of composite board structure. The specific implementation method can be selected from: tape laying machine, wire laying machine, hand lay-up or vacuum introduction and other laying technologies.

[0029] The lower layer is a lower transparent FRP layer, which is composed of a multi-directional fiber bundle impregnated with a transparent matrix material, and the specific construction method is similar to that of the upper layer. The lower transparent FRP layer refers to a FRP layer located below the flexible solar cell film, and its function is to support the flexible solar cell film and provide a certain degree of light transmittance. During the manufacturing process, the fiber arrangement and fiber quantity of the lower layer may be different from those of the upper layer. During the manufacturing process, the difference between the lower transparent FRP layer and the upper transparent FRP layer is that the lower transparent FRP layer is first laid on the mold surface, and then the flexible solar cell film is laid on it, and then the upper transparent FRP layer is laid. The present invention adopts a simple processing method to achieve rapid manufacturing and installation of composite panels.

[0030] The flexible solar cell film is embedded between the upper transparent FRP layer and the lower transparent FRP layer, and includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a photosensitive layer. The flexible solar cell film is a solar cell that can be bent or curled. It is made of flexible materials and can be prepared using low-temperature processes such as printing or coating. It has the characteristics of being light, portable and flexible.

[0031] The positive electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located above the flexible solar cell film. Its function is to collect holes generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to the external circuit. Commonly used positive electrode materials include metal mesh, conductive polymers, transparent oxides, etc.

[0032] The negative electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located under the flexible solar cell film. Its function is to collect electrons generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to the external circuit. Commonly used negative electrode materials include metal mesh, conductive polymers, transparent oxides, etc.

[0033] The photosensitive layer refers to a layer of photosensitive material located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Its function is to absorb sunlight and generate electron-hole pairs, and transfer them to the negative electrode and the positive electrode respectively. Commonly used photosensitive materials include inorganic semiconductors, organic semiconductors, perovskite structures, etc.

[0034] Before laying the upper transparent FRP layer, the flexible solar cell film is laid on the surface of the lower transparent FRP layer, so that it is bonded with the upper and lower transparent FRP layers, and after curing, an integral composite board is formed. The curing methods can be selected from the following: thermal curing, ultraviolet curing, and natural curing.

[0035] The finished composite panels can be directly installed and used as structural parts, such as roof top panels, exterior wall panels, carport top panels, bridge exterior decorative panels, and sewage treatment plant top covers, without the need to additionally install supporting back panels, supporting frames and other components as supporting structures for photovoltaic panels.

[0036] Compared with traditional transparent glass solar panels and quartz solar panels, the transparent FRP composite solar panels proposed in the present invention have higher durability, better structural performance, lighter weight and more flexible product shape; wherein the durability includes waterproofing, corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, ultraviolet rays, salt spray, etc. Therefore, the composite panel can play a role in some scenes with more extreme environmental conditions and higher durability requirements, such as deserts, offshore, chemical plants, power plants, coal mines and other scenes, reducing maintenance costs; better structural performance, including: stronger structural strength, tensile strength, and impact resistance. It is no longer just an additional structure, but can assume the role of part of the structural components. Therefore, the composite panel can be easily laid in various scenes without worrying about its cracking due to impact, breaking under strong wind conditions, and failure under large deformation. Its strength can reach 2-5 times that of steel; lighter weight: greatly reducing additional support structures, reducing material usage, and reducing transportation and construction costs; more designable: the number of fiber materials, the number of layers, and the direction of the layers can be designed according to the mechanical properties to achieve the corresponding mechanical behavior; in addition, the product shape is flexible, and the composite solar panel can be made into the required curved shape according to needs, instead of only being made into a straight plate shape, to meet more and more flexible scene requirements and aesthetic needs.

[0037] The above are only implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. On the other hand, any equivalent structure made using the description and content of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel, characterized in that: It is composed of a base material, fiber filaments, and a flexible solar cell film; wherein the lower layer and the upper layer are composited with the fiber filaments and the base material, and the flexible solar cell film is located between the upper layer and the lower layer.

2. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower layer and the upper layer are formed by stacking single or multi-layer fiber composite layers with multiple fiber angles and multiple fiber contents.

3. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber filaments are made of glass fiber material.

4. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material is a transparent base material.

5. A FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Processing method of the FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel The following steps are involved: The first step: the mold shape is processed into the required curved surface shape, and the multi-directional fiber bundles that are impregnated with the matrix material are laid on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction, and layer according to the mechanical performance design requirements to form the lower layer of the composite board; The flexible solar cell film is laid on the lower surface, and then the first step is repeated to lay the multi-directional fiber bundle on the upper surface of the flexible solar cell film, and then solidified to form a composite board.

6. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper layer is an upper transparent FRP layer, that is, an upper transparent fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) layer, which is composed of multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with a transparent matrix material.

7. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-directional fiber bundle refers to a bundle composed of multiple parallel or staggered fiber filaments, which can be laid in different directions and angles to improve the anisotropy and isotropy of the composite material; impregnation refers to immersing the multi-directional fiber bundle in the matrix material so that the matrix material fully penetrates and wraps the fiber filaments to form a uniform and tight composite structure; the laying of the surface layer is to lay the multi-directional fiber bundle on the mold surface in a certain quantity, direction and order to form a layer structure of the composite board.

8. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower layer is a lower transparent FRP layer, which is composed of multi-directional fiber bundles impregnated with a transparent matrix material.

9. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible solar cell film is embedded between an upper transparent FRP layer and a lower transparent FRP layer, and comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a photosensitive layer.

10. The FRP-photovoltaic solar composite panel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positive electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located above the flexible solar cell film, which is used to collect holes generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to the external circuit; the negative electrode refers to a layer of conductive material located below the flexible solar cell film, which is used to collect electrons generated in the photosensitive layer and transmit them to the external circuit; the photosensitive layer refers to a layer of photosensitive material located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, whose function is to absorb sunlight and generate electron-hole pairs, and transmit them to the negative electrode and the positive electrode respectively.