Walking type saline-alkali soil hardening breaking, improving, fertilizing and soil preparation comprehensive all-in-one machine and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a walking type saline-alkali soil hardening breaking, improving, fertilizing and soil preparation comprehensive all-in-one machine and method, and the comprehensive all-in-one machine comprises a walking unit, a soil taking and conveying unit, a conveying unit, a soil breaking unit, a fertilizer and modifier sowing unit, a soil preparation plate and a power unit, the soil taking and conveying unit, the conveying unit and the soil preparation plate are sequentially installed on the walking unit from front to back. The ground breaking unit and the fertilizer and modifier sowing unit are sequentially mounted on the walking unit from front to back and are both positioned above the conveying unit; the power unit is installed on the walking unit and is in transmission connection with the ground breaking unit, and the ground breaking unit is in transmission connection with the conveying unit. The machine integrates the functions of hardening breaking, improvement, fertilization and soil preparation, achieves multiple purposes, reduces multiple times of operation of agricultural machinery equipment on saline-alkali soil, reduces disturbance and hardening influence on the saline-alkali soil, achieves homogenization of the saline-alkali soil, an improver and fertilizer distribution, and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the saline-alkali improver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement and management, and more particularly to a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement, fertilization and land preparation integrated all-in-one machine and method. Background Art

[0002] A layer of saline-alkali soil will form on the surface of saline-alkali soil. The saline-alkali soil will reduce the air permeability of the lower saline-alkali soil, making the living environment of microorganisms in the soil worse, and further deteriorating the quality of saline-alkali soil. In order to improve this situation, improvers are currently used to improve saline-alkali land.

[0003] However, currently, improvers are usually sprinkled directly onto the soil surface, which not only fails to evenly and completely distribute the improvers on the surface of soil particles, but also results in low utilization rates of fertilizers and improvers, and easily causes the improvers to fly away and pollute the environment. With development, some mechanized operations are also adopted, but currently the integration of agricultural machinery is low, and the implementation of multiple agronomic techniques is required, which will cause the saline-alkali soil to become compacted and affect the characteristics of the saline-alkali soil.

[0004] Therefore, providing a walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization land preparation integrated all-in-one machine and method is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improved fertilization and land preparation integrated all-in-one machine and method, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement and fertilization integrated land preparation machine comprises a walking unit, a soil taking and conveying unit, a conveying unit, a soil breaking unit, a fertilizer and improver spreading unit, a leveling floor and a power unit, wherein the soil taking and conveying unit, the conveying unit and the leveling floor are sequentially mounted on the walking unit from front to back; the soil breaking unit and the fertilizer and improver spreading unit are sequentially mounted on the walking unit from front to back and are both located above the conveying unit; the power unit is mounted on the walking unit and is transmission-connected to the soil breaking unit, and the soil breaking unit is transmission-connected to the conveying unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the conveying unit includes a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism, the soil-taking conveying unit, the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the floor leveling unit are sequentially installed on the walking unit from front to back, and the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are spaced apart up and down; the soil-breaking unit includes a first soil-breaking mechanism and a second soil-breaking mechanism, the first soil-breaking mechanism is installed on the walking unit and is located above the first conveying mechanism; the second soil-breaking mechanism is installed on the walking unit and is located between the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism; the fertilizer and improver spreading unit is installed on the walking unit and is located above the rear end of the second conveying mechanism; the power unit is installed on the walking unit and is transmission-connected to the first soil-breaking mechanism, and the first soil-breaking mechanism is transmission-connected to the second soil-breaking mechanism and the second conveying mechanism, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil-taking and conveying unit includes a bulldozer and two plowshares, which are both mounted on the walking unit, and the two plowshares are respectively located on both sides of the bulldozer; the front end of the first conveying mechanism extends to the internal space of the bulldozer.

[0010] Furthermore, the bulldozer plate has a plurality of screening holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the front end of the bulldozer blade is straight or serrated, or the bulldozer blade includes a bulldozer blade body and a plurality of pointed plates, and the plurality of pointed plates are respectively mounted on the front end of the bulldozer blade body through connecting pins.

[0012] Furthermore, the first conveying mechanism includes a first conveyor belt, a first drive roller and a second drive roller, the two ends of the first drive roller pass through the bulldozer blade and are rotatably connected to the walking unit; the two ends of the second drive roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit; the first conveyor belt is wound around the first drive roller and the second drive roller; the second conveying mechanism includes a second conveyor belt, a third drive roller and a fourth drive roller, the two ends of the third drive roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit and are located below the second drive roller; the two ends of the fourth drive roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the walking unit; the second conveyor belt is wound around the third drive roller and the fourth drive roller; the first earth-breaking mechanism is connected to the second drive roller through a first belt transmission; the second drive roller is respectively connected to the second earth-breaking mechanism and the third drive roller through a second belt transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, the first earth-breaking mechanism includes a roller and a plurality of chains, and both ends of the roller are respectively rotatably connected to the walking unit; the plurality of chains are respectively installed on the roller; the power unit is transmission-connected to one end of the roller; the second earth-breaking mechanism includes a first squeezing roller and a second squeezing roller, and both ends of the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller are rotatably connected to the walking unit, and a feed port is formed between the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller, and the feed port corresponds to the discharge position of the first conveyor belt; the second transmission roller is transmission-connected to the first squeezing roller via the second belt, and the first squeezing roller is transmission-connected to the second squeezing roller via the third belt.

[0014] Furthermore, the fertilizer and improver spreading unit includes a fertilizer box, a liquid improver box, a first pipe, multiple second pipes and multiple nozzles, the fertilizer box and the liquid improver box are installed on the walking unit in sequence from front to back, and the liquid improver box is located at the end of the second conveying mechanism; three augers distributed in a triangular shape are installed in the fertilizer box; the first pipe is horizontally installed on the walking unit and is located below the liquid improver box; a pressure pump is installed at one end of the first pipe; the liquid improver box is connected to the first pipe through multiple evenly distributed second pipes; multiple nozzles are respectively installed on the first pipe and are all inclined along the direction of the whole floor; or the fertilizer and improver spreading unit includes a granular improver box and a fertilizer box connected as one, the granular improver box and the fertilizer box are both installed on the walking unit and are located above the second conveying mechanism; three augers distributed in a triangular shape are installed at the bottom of the granular improver box and the fertilizer box.

[0015] Furthermore, the walking unit includes a bracket and multiple wheels, and the multiple wheels are installed at the bottom of the bracket; the bulldozer blade and the two plowshares are installed on the bracket; the two ends of the first transmission roller are rotatably connected to the bracket; the two ends of the second transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket; the two ends of the third transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket; the two ends of the fourth transmission roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the bracket; the two ends of the roller are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket; the two ends of the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller are both rotatably connected to the bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, the power unit includes a motor and a battery, the motor is mounted on the bracket and connected to one end of the roller; the battery is mounted on the bracket through a battery supporting plate and is located below the first conveyor belt.

[0017] Furthermore, the walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor and the three augers respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a scraper board, which is installed on the bracket and is located below the second conveyor belt and is in contact with the second conveyor belt.

[0019] Furthermore, the walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a protective cover, which is installed on the bracket and surrounded by the first soil breaking mechanism.

[0020] A walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation method is carried out using the walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated all-in-one machine as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, connecting the suspension frame at the front end of the bracket to the tractor, and setting the moving speeds of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the rotation speeds of the three augers through the controller;

[0022] S2. Put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box, put the granular saline-alkali improver into the granular improver box, or put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box, put the liquid saline-alkali improver into the liquid improver box, and set the pressure of the pressure pump;

[0023] S3. Under the traction of the tractor, the soil blocks, rhizomes and stones on the surface of the saline-alkali soil are moved to the surface of the bulldozer, and the fine soil particles, rhizomes and stones are screened out;

[0024] S4, medium and large saline-alkali soil blocks are conveyed to the first conveyor belt, and the rotation of the roller drives the chain to hit the saline-alkali soil blocks to form small-sized saline-alkali soil blocks;

[0025] S5, the beaten saline-alkali soil blocks pass through the first conveyor belt and fall between the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller, and are squeezed to form uniform fine soil particles;

[0026] S6. The soil particles are driven by the second conveyor belt, and the fertilizer and granular saline-alkali soil conditioner are dripped onto the surface of the soil particles under the action of three augers; or the soil particles are thrown onto the surface of the saline-alkali soil under the action of the second conveyor belt, and the liquid soil conditioner is sprayed onto the surface of the fine saline-alkali soil particles through the nozzle;

[0027] S7. The floor is leveled to level the scattered fine saline-alkali soil particles; the scraper removes the saline-alkali soil adhering to the surface of the second conveyor belt.

[0028] It can be seen that the present invention proposes a walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine and method. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1) The present invention integrates the functions of breaking compaction, improvement, fertilization and land preparation, realizes multiple uses of one machine, reduces the number of operations of agricultural machinery and equipment on saline-alkali soil, and reduces the disturbance and compaction effects on saline-alkali soil;

[0030] 2) Break up the saline-alkali soil and crush the saline-alkali soil clods, improve the air permeability of the saline-alkali soil and the soil microbial environment, spray the improver to improve the saline-alkali soil, achieve the homogenization of the saline-alkali soil and the distribution of improvers and fertilizers, better contact with fine saline-alkali soil particles, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and saline-alkali improvers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement, fertilization and land preparation integrated integrated machine according to Example 1;

[0033] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a cross-sectional view of a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to Example 1;

[0034] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the coordination of a liquid improver tank, a first pipeline, a plurality of second pipelines and a plurality of nozzles in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying unit provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a bulldozer provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of another form of the bulldozer provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2, a walking-type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement, fertilization and land preparation integrated all-in-one machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement and fertilization integrated land preparation machine, comprising a walking unit 1, a soil taking and conveying unit 2, a conveying unit 3, a soil breaking unit 4, a fertilizer and improver sowing unit 5, a leveling floor 6 and a power unit 7. The soil taking and conveying unit 2, the conveying unit 3 and the leveling floor 6 are sequentially installed on the walking unit 1 from front to back; the soil breaking unit 4 and the fertilizer and improver sowing unit 5 are sequentially installed on the walking unit 1 from front to back and are both located above the conveying unit 3; the power unit 7 is installed on the walking unit 1 and is transmission-connected to the soil breaking unit 4, and the soil breaking unit 4 is transmission-connected to the conveying unit 3. The present invention integrates the functions of breaking up compaction, improving, fertilizing and land preparation, realizes multiple uses of one machine, reduces the multiple operations of agricultural machinery on saline-alkali soil, reduces the disturbance and compaction effects on the saline-alkali soil, and realizes the uniformity of crushing soil clods on the saline-alkali soil and the miniaturization of soil particles, while allowing the saline-alkali improver and fertilizer to be fully distributed on the surface of fine soil particles, thereby realizing the improvement of the overall saline-alkali soil and the homogenization of the improver and nutrients, and improving the utilization rate of the saline-alkali improver and fertilizer.

[0042] Specifically, the conveying unit 3 includes a first conveying mechanism 31 and a second conveying mechanism 32. The soil conveying unit 2, the first conveying mechanism 31, the second conveying mechanism 32 and the floor leveling unit 6 are sequentially installed on the walking unit 1 from front to back, and the first conveying mechanism 31 and the second conveying mechanism 32 are spaced apart from each other; the soil breaking unit 4 includes a first soil breaking mechanism 41 and a second soil breaking mechanism 42. The first soil breaking mechanism 41 is installed on the walking unit 1 and is located above the first conveying mechanism 31; the second soil breaking mechanism 42 is installed on the walking unit 1 and is located between the first conveying mechanism 31 and the second conveying mechanism 32; the fertilizer and improver spreading unit 5 is installed on the walking unit 1 and is located above the rear end of the second conveying mechanism 32; the power unit 7 is installed on the walking unit 1 and is transmission-connected to the first soil breaking mechanism 41, and the first soil breaking mechanism 41 is transmission-connected to the second soil breaking mechanism 42 and the second conveying mechanism 32, respectively.

[0043] Specifically, the soil taking and conveying unit 2 includes a bulldozer 21 and two plowshares 22, which are both installed on the walking unit 1, and the two plowshares 22 are respectively located on both sides of the bulldozer 21 for scooping soil inwards; the front end of the first conveying mechanism 31 extends to the internal space of the bulldozer 21.

[0044] Specifically, the bulldozer plate 21 has a plurality of screening holes 211 for screening plant roots and stones.

[0045] Specifically, the bulldozer plate 21 is embedded in the soil to a depth of no more than 10 cm.

[0046] Specifically, the front end of the bulldozer blade 21 is straight or serrated, or the bulldozer blade 21 includes a bulldozer blade body 212 and a plurality of pointed plates 213, and the plurality of pointed plates 213 are respectively installed at the front end of the bulldozer blade body 212 through connecting pins 214, so as to improve the ground breaking performance of the bulldozer blade body 212 and reduce the ground breaking resistance.

[0047] Specifically, the first conveying mechanism 31 includes a first conveyor belt, a first transmission roller and a second transmission roller, both ends of the first transmission roller pass through the bulldozer blade 21 and are rotatably connected to the walking unit 1; both ends of the second transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit 1; the first conveyor belt is wound around the first transmission roller and the second transmission roller; the second conveying mechanism includes a second conveyor belt, a third transmission roller and a fourth transmission roller, both ends of the third transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit 1 and are located below the second transmission roller; both ends of the fourth transmission roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the walking unit 1; the second conveyor belt is wound around the third transmission roller and the fourth transmission roller; the first earth-breaking mechanism 41 is connected to the second transmission roller through the first belt 33; the second transmission roller is connected to the second earth-breaking mechanism 42 and the third transmission roller through the second belt 34.

[0048] Specifically, the first soil-breaking mechanism 41 includes a roller 411 and multiple chains 412, and both ends of the roller 411 are respectively connected to the walking unit 1 for rotation; multiple chains 412 are respectively installed on the roller 411 to crush medium and large compacted saline-alkali soil blocks; the power unit 7 is connected to one end of the roller 411 for transmission; the second soil-breaking mechanism 42 includes a first squeezing roller 421 and a second squeezing roller 422, and both ends of the first squeezing roller 421 and the second squeezing roller 422 are connected to the walking unit 1 for rotation, and a feed port is formed between the first squeezing roller 421 and the second squeezing roller 422, and the feed port corresponds to the discharge position of the first conveyor belt, so that the initially crushed saline-alkali soil blocks are evenly crushed into fine saline-alkali soil particles; the second transmission roller is connected to the first squeezing roller 421 for transmission via the second belt 34, and the first squeezing roller 421 and the second squeezing roller 422 are connected for transmission via the third belt 35.

[0049] Specifically, the fertilizer and improver spreading unit 5 includes a fertilizer box 51, a liquid improver box 52, a first pipe 53, multiple second pipes 54 and multiple nozzles 55. The fertilizer box 51 and the liquid improver box 52 are installed on the walking unit 1 from front to back, and the liquid improver box 52 is located at the end of the second conveying mechanism 32; three augers 511 distributed in a triangular shape are installed in the fertilizer box 51; the first pipe 53 is horizontally installed on the walking unit 1 and is located below the liquid improver box 52; a pressure pump 56 is installed at one end of the first pipe 53; the liquid improver box 52 is connected to the first pipe 53 through multiple evenly distributed second pipes 54; multiple nozzles 55 are respectively installed on the first pipe 53 and are all inclined along the direction of the floor 6.

[0050] Specifically, the walking unit 1 includes a bracket 11 and multiple wheels 12, and the multiple wheels 12 are installed at the bottom of the bracket 11; the bulldozer blade 21 and the two plowshares 22 are all installed on the bracket 11; the two ends of the first transmission roller are rotatably connected to the bracket 11; the two ends of the second transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket 11; the two ends of the third transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket 11; the two ends of the fourth transmission roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the bracket 11; the two ends of the roller 411 are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket 11; the two ends of the first squeezing roller 421 and the second squeezing roller 422 are both rotatably connected to the bracket 11.

[0051] Specifically, the power unit 7 includes a motor 71 and a battery 72. The motor 71 is mounted on the bracket 11 and connected to one end of the roller 411; the battery 72 is mounted on the bracket 11 through a battery supporting plate and is located below the first conveyor belt.

[0052] Specifically, a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a controller 8, and the controller 8 is electrically connected to the motor 71 and the three augers 511 respectively.

[0053] In order to further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a scraper board 9, which is installed on the bracket 11 and is located below the second conveyor belt and contacts therewith.

[0054] In order to further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, a walking saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a protective cover 10, which is installed on a bracket 11 and surrounded by a first soil breaking mechanism 41.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improving fertilization and land preparation method, which is performed by using the above walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improving fertilization and land preparation integrated integrated machine, and includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, connecting the suspension frame at the front end of the bracket 11 to the tractor, and setting the moving speeds of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the rotation speeds of the three augers 511 through the controller 8;

[0057] S2, putting fertilizer into fertilizer box 51, putting liquid saline-alkali improver into liquid improver box 52, and setting the pressure of pressure pump 56;

[0058] S3. Under the traction of the tractor, the soil blocks, rhizomes and stones on the surface of the saline-alkali soil are moved to the surface of the bulldozer 21, and the fine soil particles, rhizomes and stones are screened out;

[0059] S4, the medium and large saline-alkali soil blocks are conveyed to the first conveyor belt, and the roller 411 rotates to drive the chain 412 to hit the saline-alkali soil blocks to form small-sized saline-alkali soil blocks;

[0060] S5, the beaten saline-alkali soil blocks pass through the first conveyor belt and fall between the first squeezing roller 521 and the second squeezing roller 522, and are squeezed to form uniform fine soil particles;

[0061] S6, the second conveyor belt throws the fertilizer and the second finely crushed saline-alkali soil onto the field surface, and sprays the liquid soil conditioner onto the surface of the fine saline-alkali soil particles through the nozzle 55 to achieve fusion with the fine saline-alkali soil particles;

[0062] S7, the floor leveling 6 levels the scattered fine saline-alkali soil particles; the scraper 9 removes the saline-alkali soil adhering to the surface of the second conveyor belt.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] like Figure 4-7 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that:

[0065] The fertilizer and improver spreading unit 5 includes a granular improver box 52 and a fertilizer box 51 which are connected as one body. Both the granular improver box 52 and the fertilizer box 51 are installed on the walking unit 1 and are located above the second conveying mechanism 42. Three augers 511 distributed in a triangle are installed at the bottom of the granular improver box 52 and the fertilizer box 51.

[0066] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation method, which is performed by using the above walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated integrated machine, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that:

[0067] S2, putting fertilizer into fertilizer box 51, and putting granular saline-alkali improver into granular improver box 52;

[0068] S6. Fertilizers and granular saline-alkali conditioners are mixed and sprinkled onto the crushed saline-alkali soil on the surface of the second conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt transports the mixed fertilizers and saline-alkali conditioners to the surface of the field.

[0069] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A walking saline-alkali land breaking and compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine, characterized in that: It includes a walking unit, a soil taking and conveying unit, a conveying unit, a soil breaking unit, a fertilizer and improver spreading unit, a floor leveling unit and a power unit. The soil taking and conveying unit, the conveying unit and the floor leveling unit are sequentially installed on the walking unit from front to back; the soil breaking unit and the fertilizer and improver spreading unit are sequentially installed on the walking unit from front to back and are both located above the conveying unit; the power unit is installed on the walking unit and is transmission connected to the soil breaking unit, and the soil breaking unit is transmission connected to the conveying unit.

2. A walking saline-alkali land breaking and fertilizing integrated land preparation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying unit includes a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism, and the soil-taking conveying unit, the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the floor leveling unit are sequentially installed on the walking unit from front to back, and the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are spaced apart from each other up and down; the soil-breaking unit includes a first soil-breaking mechanism and a second soil-breaking mechanism, and the first soil-breaking mechanism is installed on the walking unit and located above the first conveying mechanism; the second soil-breaking mechanism is installed on the walking unit and located between the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism; the fertilizer and improver spreading unit is installed on the walking unit and located above the rear end of the second conveying mechanism; the power unit is installed on the walking unit and is transmission-connected to the first soil-breaking mechanism, and the first soil-breaking mechanism is transmission-connected to the second soil-breaking mechanism and the second conveying mechanism, respectively.

3. A walking saline-alkali land breaking and improving fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil taking and conveying unit comprises a bulldozer and two plowshares, the bulldozer and the two plowshares are both mounted on the walking unit, and the two plowshares are respectively located on both sides of the bulldozer; the front end of the first conveying mechanism extends to the inner space of the bulldozer.

4. A walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bulldozer blade has a plurality of screening holes.

5. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The front end of the bulldozer blade is in a straight line or a sawtooth shape, or the bulldozer blade comprises a bulldozer blade body and a plurality of pointed plates, and the plurality of pointed plates are respectively mounted on the front end of the bulldozer blade body through connecting pins.

6. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism includes a first conveyor belt, a first transmission roller and a second transmission roller. Both ends of the first transmission roller penetrate the bulldozer blade and are rotatably connected to the walking unit. Both ends of the second transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit. The first conveyor belt is wound around the first transmission roller and the second transmission roller; the second conveying mechanism includes a second conveyor belt, a third transmission roller and a fourth transmission roller, both ends of the third transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the walking unit and are located below the second transmission roller; both ends of the fourth transmission roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the walking unit; the second conveyor belt is wound around the third transmission roller and the fourth transmission roller; the first earth-breaking mechanism is connected to the second transmission roller through a first belt transmission; the second transmission roller is respectively connected to the second earth-breaking mechanism and the third transmission roller through a second belt transmission.

7. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The first earth-breaking mechanism includes a drum and a plurality of chains, and both ends of the drum are rotatably connected to the walking unit respectively; the plurality of chains are respectively installed on the drum; the power unit is transmission-connected to one end of the drum; the second earth-breaking mechanism includes a first squeezing roller and a second squeezing roller, and both ends of the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller are rotatably connected to the walking unit, and a feed port is formed between the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller, and the feed port corresponds to the discharge position of the first conveyor belt; the second transmission roller is transmission-connected to the first squeezing roller via the second belt, and the first squeezing roller is transmission-connected to the second squeezing roller via the third belt.

8. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fertilizer and improver spreading unit includes a fertilizer box, a liquid improver box, a first pipe, multiple second pipes and multiple nozzles, the fertilizer box and the liquid improver box are installed on the walking unit in sequence from front to back, and the liquid improver box is located at the end of the second conveying mechanism; three augers distributed in a triangular shape are installed in the fertilizer box; the first pipe is horizontally installed on the walking unit and is located below the liquid improver box; a pressure pump is installed at one end of the first pipe; the liquid improver box is connected to the first pipe through multiple evenly distributed second pipes; multiple nozzles are respectively installed on the first pipe and are all inclined along the direction of the floor; or the fertilizer and improver spreading unit includes a granular improver box and a fertilizer box connected as one, the granular improver box and the fertilizer box are both installed on the walking unit and are located above the second conveying mechanism; three augers distributed in a triangular shape are installed at the bottom of the granular improver box and the fertilizer box.

9. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The walking unit includes a bracket and multiple wheels, and the multiple wheels are installed at the bottom of the bracket; the bulldozer blade and the two plowshares are installed on the bracket; the two ends of the first transmission roller are rotatably connected to the bracket; the two ends of the second transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket; the two ends of the third transmission roller are rotatably connected to the middle of the bracket; the two ends of the fourth transmission roller are rotatably connected to the tail of the bracket; the two ends of the roller are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket; the two ends of the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller are both rotatably connected to the bracket.

10. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power unit includes a motor and a battery. The motor is mounted on the bracket and connected to one end of the roller. The battery is mounted on the bracket through a battery supporting plate and is located below the first conveyor belt.

11. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, improvement, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor and the three augers respectively.

12. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a scraper plate, which is installed on the bracket and is located below the second conveyor belt and in contact with the second conveyor belt.

13. The walking type saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The walking type saline-alkali land compaction breaking, fertilization and land preparation integrated machine also includes a protective cover, which is installed on the bracket and surrounds the first soil breaking mechanism.

14. A walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation method, which is carried out using a walking saline-alkali land breaking compaction improvement fertilization and land preparation integrated machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, connecting the suspension frame at the front end of the bracket to the tractor, and setting the moving speeds of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the rotation speeds of the three augers through the controller; S2. Put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box, put the granular saline-alkali improver into the granular improver box, or put the fertilizer into the fertilizer box, put the liquid saline-alkali improver into the liquid improver box, and set the pressure of the pressure pump; S3. Under the traction of the tractor, the soil blocks, rhizomes and stones on the surface of the saline-alkali soil are moved to the surface of the bulldozer, and the fine soil particles, rhizomes and stones are screened out; S4, medium and large saline-alkali soil blocks are conveyed to the first conveyor belt, and the rotation of the roller drives the chain to hit the saline-alkali soil blocks to form small-sized saline-alkali soil blocks; S5, the beaten saline-alkali soil blocks pass through the first conveyor belt and fall between the first squeezing roller and the second squeezing roller, and are squeezed to form uniform fine soil particles; S6. The soil particles are driven by the second conveyor belt, and the fertilizer and granular saline-alkali soil conditioner are dripped onto the surface of the soil particles under the action of three augers; or the soil particles are thrown onto the surface of the saline-alkali soil under the action of the second conveyor belt, and the liquid soil conditioner is sprayed onto the surface of the fine saline-alkali soil particles through the nozzle; S7. The floor is leveled to level the scattered fine saline-alkali soil particles; the scraper removes the saline-alkali soil adhering to the surface of the second conveyor belt.

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