Corn disease and pest control agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn disease and pest control agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of walnut peel extract, 30 to 40 parts of melia azedarach extract, 30 to 40 parts of pyrethrum extract, 20 to 30 parts of carbendazim, 10 to 20 parts of fludioxonil, 10 to 20 parts of thiram and 2 to 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials; and (2) uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the product. The pesticide is reasonable in component matching and complementary in pesticide effect, the pesticide effects of the components are fully exerted, the pesticide has a remarkable synergistic effect, has a remarkable prevention and treatment effect on common corn diseases and insect pests, can greatly reduce the occurrence rate of the corn diseases and insect pests, so that the yield and quality of corn are greatly improved, and the pesticide is broad in spectrum, efficient, low in toxicity, free of chemical pollution and worthy of popularization. And the corn plants cannot generate drug resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting, and more particularly to a corn disease and insect pest control agent, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Corn is native to Central and South America and is now widely grown in tropical and temperate regions around the world. It is cultivated in various parts of China, with the main production areas being the Northeast, North China, and the mountainous areas of the Southwest. Corn has high nutritional value and is an excellent food crop. It is also one of the indispensable raw materials for food, medical and health care, light industry, and chemical industry.

[0003] During the growth of corn, the main diseases include brown spot, large and small spot, rust and stem rot, and the main insect pests include corn borer, scarab beetle and aphid. If these diseases and insect pests are not prevented and controlled in time, they will cause serious harm to the growth of corn, resulting in a significant reduction in corn production.

[0004] Chemical pesticides are a common method for controlling corn diseases and pests, but long-term application of a single chemical pesticide can easily cause it to develop resistance, resulting in reduced control effectiveness of the chemical pesticide.

[0005] Therefore, how to prevent and control corn diseases and insect pests in an environmentally friendly and efficient manner is an urgent problem that needs to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a corn disease and insect pest control agent and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A corn pest control agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of walnut peel extract, 30-40 parts of chinaberry extract, 30-40 parts of pyrethrum extract, 20-30 parts of carbendazim, 10-20 parts of fluoxetine, 10-20 parts of thiram and 2-5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

[0009] Preferably, the ingredients include: 40 parts of walnut peel extract, 40 parts of chinaberry extract, 40 parts of pyrethrum extract, 20 parts of carbendazim, 20 parts of fludioxonil, 20 parts of thiram and 2 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

[0010] Or, preferably: 50 parts of walnut peel extract, 38 parts of chinaberry extract, 35 parts of pyrethrum extract, 25 parts of carbendazim, 16 parts of fludioxonil, 12 parts of thiram and 4 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

[0011] Or, preferably: 60 parts of walnut peel extract, 30 parts of chinaberry extract, 30 parts of pyrethrum extract, 30 parts of carbendazim, 10 parts of fludioxonil, 10 parts of thiram and 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

[0012] In the present invention, carbendazim is a broad-spectrum fungicide, which has a preventive effect on diseases of various crops caused by fungi (such as Ascomycetes and Polyascomycetes), and can effectively prevent and control various crop diseases caused by fungi.

[0013] Fluoxonil inhibits the transfer related to glucose phosphorylation and the growth of fungal mycelium, ultimately leading to the death of the pathogen. It has a unique mechanism of action and no cross-resistance with existing fungicides. It can effectively prevent and control corn wilt, stem base rot, sudden wilting disease, etc.

[0014] Thiram is mainly used as a fungicide and can effectively prevent and control corn smut.

[0015] Astragalus polysaccharide is a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide extracted, concentrated and purified from the dried roots of Astragalus mongolica or Astragalus membranaceus, a leguminous plant. It is light yellow, fine powder, uniform and free of impurities, and has hygroscopic properties. Astragalus polysaccharide is composed of hexuronic acid, glucose, fructose, rhamnose, arabinose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid, and can be used as an immune promoter or regulator. It also has antiviral, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-radiation, anti-stress, and antioxidant effects.

[0016] Furthermore, the walnut peel extract is an extract of immature outer peel of walnut or Juglans mandshurica.

[0017] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the walnut peel extract selected by the present invention contains a variety of secondary substances, such as terpenes, phenols, etc., which have a control effect on harmful insects such as corn borers, beetles and aphids.

[0018] Furthermore, the above-mentioned chinaberry extract is an extract of chinaberry fruit.

[0019] The above further beneficial effect is that the neem extract selected by the present invention contains azadirachtin, and the azadirachtin crystals are yellow-green and have a strong garlic flavor. In addition to azadirachtin, the neem extract also has 125 compounds with growth regulator properties, such as terpenoid dienes, neem acid, proterpenoid dienes and transesters, phenyl diterpenes, flavonoids and glycosides, condensed proteins and heterocyclic polysaccharides. The main pests controlled by the neem extract are desert locusts, brown planthoppers, cockroaches, storage pests, armyworms, leaf miners, corn borers, aphids, fruit flies, antennae flies, green flies, gypsy moths, mosquitoes and nematodes, etc., and can also inhibit or interfere with the production of extremely harmful aflatoxins by certain fungi, and have a strong inhibitory effect on bacteria and viruses.

[0020] Furthermore, the pyrethrum extract is an extract of pyrethrum flowers.

[0021] The above further beneficial effect is that the pyrethrum extract selected by the present invention contains four insecticidal components of 0.4-2%, namely pyrethrin I, II and cinerin I, II. The pharmacological action of pyrethrum extract in killing insects is to paralyze the nerves of insects; after the insects are poisoned, they will initially vomit and have diarrhea, and their bodies will wriggle back and forth, followed by paralysis, which may lead to death. The length of the lethal time varies depending on the dosage and the type of insect.

[0022] A method for preparing a corn pest control agent comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent;

[0024] (2) The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain a corn pest control agent.

[0025] The present invention also seeks to protect the use of the above-mentioned corn disease and insect pest control agent or the corn disease and insect pest control agent prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in crop planting.

[0026] Furthermore, the above-mentioned crop is corn.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] The invention adopts carbendazim, fludioxonil and thiram as fungicides for preventing and controlling corn diseases; adds walnut peel extract, chinaberry extract and pyrethrum extract as insecticides, wherein the active ingredients can interfere with the growth and development of pests, destroy their physiological functions or make them lose their reproductive capacity, thereby achieving the effect of repelling insects; and adds astragalus polysaccharide to promote the growth of corn and improve the immunity of corn, thereby enhancing the defense ability of corn against pathogens and reducing the degree of disease.

[0029] The ingredients of the agent of the present invention are reasonably matched and have complementary medicinal effects, so that the medicinal effects of each ingredient can be fully exerted and have a significant synergistic effect. It has a significant prevention and control effect on common corn diseases and insect pests, can greatly reduce the incidence of corn diseases and insect pests, thereby greatly improving corn yield and quality, and is broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low-toxic, has no chemical pollution, and will not cause corn plants to develop drug resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A corn pest control agent, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 40 g of walnut peel extract, 40 g of chinaberry extract, 40 g of pyrethrum extract, 20 g of carbendazim, 20 g of fludioxonil, 20 g of thiram and 2 g of astragalus polysaccharide;

[0033] Among them, the walnut peel extract is an extract of the immature outer peel of walnut; the neem extract is an extract of the fruit of the neem tree; the pyrethrum extract is an extract of the flower of pyrethrum;

[0034] The preparation method of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent specifically comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent;

[0036] (2) The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain a corn pest control agent.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A corn pest control agent, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 50 g of walnut peel extract, 38 g of chinaberry extract, 35 g of pyrethrum extract, 25 g of carbendazim, 16 g of fludioxonil, 12 g of thiram and 4 g of astragalus polysaccharide;

[0039] Among them, the walnut peel extract is an extract of the immature outer peel of walnut; the neem extract is an extract of the fruit of the neem tree; the pyrethrum extract is an extract of the flower of pyrethrum;

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent specifically comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent;

[0042] (2) The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain a corn pest control agent.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A corn pest control agent, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 60 g of walnut peel extract, 30 g of chinaberry extract, 30 g of pyrethrum extract, 30 g of carbendazim, 10 g of fludioxonil, 10 g of thiram and 5 g of astragalus polysaccharide;

[0045] Among them, the walnut peel extract is an extract of the immature outer peel of Juglans mandshurica; the neem extract is an extract of the fruit of the neem tree; the pyrethrum extract is an extract of the flower of pyrethrum;

[0046] The preparation method of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent specifically comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned corn pest control agent;

[0048] (2) The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain a corn pest control agent.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The corn pest control agent is different from that of Example 2 in that it only includes walnut peel extract, chinaberry extract and pyrethrum extract.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] The corn pest control agent is different from that of Example 2 in that it only includes carbendazim, fludioxonil and thiram.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] The corn pest control agent is different from that of Example 2 in that it only includes walnut peel extract, chinaberry extract, pyrethrum extract, carbendazim, fludioxonil and thiram.

[0055] Comparative Example 4

[0056] The corn pest control agent is different from that of Example 2 in that it only includes walnut peel extract, chinaberry extract, pyrethrum extract and astragalus polysaccharide.

[0057] Comparative Example 5

[0058] The corn pest control agent is different from that of Example 2 in that it only includes carbendazim, fludioxonil, thiram and astragalus polysaccharide.

[0059] Performance Testing

[0060] A corn test field at a certain location was divided into 9 parts, and corn pest control tests were conducted using the corn pest control agents prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, respectively, and a blank control (no agent was used) was set. Except for the different test agents, other conditions were kept the same for each group.

[0061] 1. Effect of pest control and yield of corn

[0062] After the corn is harvested, the number of plants with diseases, the number of plants with insect pests and the yield are counted respectively, and the disease incidence rate and insect pest incidence rate are calculated respectively.

[0063] Among them, disease incidence = (number of plants with disease / total number of plants) × 100%;

[0064] Insect pest incidence rate = (number of plants infested with insect pests / total number of plants) × 100%.

[0065] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1 Control effect and yield of corn pest control agents of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0067] Group Disease incidence (%) Pest incidence rate (%) Yield (kg / ha) Example 1 0.5 0.6 11275 Example 2 0.2 0.3 12280 Example 3 0.4 0.5 11935 Comparative Example 1 7.8 4.2 8380 Comparative Example 2 3.6 7.5 8515 Comparative Example 3 1.8 1.4 9850 Comparative Example 4 6.5 3.2 9040 Comparative Example 5 2.2 6.7 9175 Blank control 8.2 6.3 7750

[0068] As shown in Table 1, compared with the blank control, the incidence of pests and diseases in Comparative Examples 1-5 was reduced, and the yield was increased. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the incidence of pests and diseases in Example 1-3 was greatly reduced, and the yield was greatly increased.

[0069] 2. Nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in corn kernels and straw

[0070] At harvest, corn plants were harvested by hand (cutting about 10 cm above the ground), and the remaining stubble was negligible. The harvested samples were divided into two parts: grains and straws, which were sterilized at 80°C for 30 minutes and dried at 60°C for 3 days (72 hours). The dried samples were crushed by a stainless steel crusher and sieved through a 1mm sieve to obtain the mixed and ground plant dry samples, and then the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the grains and straws was determined.

[0071] Take 0.5 g of the ground plant powder sample and use H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O 2 Methods: Cook (Thomas et al., 1967), adjust the volume, and transfer. The total nitrogen content of straw and grain was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer, the total phosphorus content was determined by vanadium molybdenum yellow colorimetry, and the total potassium content was determined by flame photometry (Bao Shidan, 2000).

[0072] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2 Nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in corn kernels and straw of Examples 1-3 and blank control

[0074]

[0075] As shown in Table 2, compared with the blank control, the nutrient contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the corn kernels and straws of Examples 1-3 were significantly increased.

[0076] The above experiments show that the ingredients of the agent of the present invention are reasonably matched and have complementary medicinal effects, so that the ingredients can fully exert their medicinal effects and have a significant synergistic effect. It has a significant prevention and control effect on common corn diseases and insect pests, can greatly reduce the incidence of corn diseases and insect pests, thereby greatly improving corn yield and quality, and is broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low-toxic, has no chemical pollution, and will not cause corn plants to develop drug resistance.

[0077] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A corn pest control agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of walnut peel extract, 30-40 parts of chinaberry extract, 30-40 parts of pyrethrum extract, 20-30 parts of carbendazim, 10-20 parts of fludioxonil, 10-20 parts of thiram and 2-5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

2. A corn pest control agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of walnut peel extract, 40 parts of chinaberry extract, 40 parts of pyrethrum extract, 20 parts of carbendazim, 20 parts of fludioxonil, 20 parts of thiram and 2 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

3. The corn pest control agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of walnut peel extract, 38 parts of chinaberry extract, 35 parts of pyrethrum extract, 25 parts of carbendazim, 16 parts of fludioxonil, 12 parts of thiram and 4 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

4. The corn pest control agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of walnut peel extract, 30 parts of chinaberry extract, 30 parts of pyrethrum extract, 30 parts of carbendazim, 10 parts of fludioxonil, 10 parts of thiram and 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.

5. A corn pest control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The walnut peel extract is an extract of the immature outer peel of walnut or Juglans mandshurica.

6. A corn pest control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The neem extract is an extract of the fruit of the neem tree.

7. A corn pest control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pyrethrum extract is an extract of pyrethrum flowers.

8. A method for preparing a corn pest control agent, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion of the corn pest control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7; (2) The raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the corn pest control agent.

9. Use of the corn pest control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the corn pest control agent prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 in crop planting.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The crop is corn.

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