Optical fiber positioning pressure measuring lumbar puncture injection gun

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lumbar puncture devices, in particular to an optical fiber lumbar puncture pressure measuring injection gun. The device is characterized in that (1) an optical fiber is used for replacing an original needle core, and a grating is arranged at the position, close to a needle head, of the optical fiber, so that the device can play a role of the original needle core and can accurately position a puncture position by measuring the tissue refractive index; and (2) a novel fiber bragg grating bourdon tube pressure sensor is added, so that accurate real-time pressure measurement in the puncture process is realized. (3) a cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging operation trigger and a piston injector operation trigger are arranged on an operation gun, a piston injector and a one-way valve injector are arranged at the muzzle end of the operation gun, and a push rod of the one-way valve injector is fixedly connected with the cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging operation trigger through a first connecting rod; a collection one-way valve I is arranged at the inlet end of the one-way valve injector, a discharge one-way valve II is arranged at the outlet end of the one-way valve injector, and the inlet end is in airtight communication with the puncture needle through a three-way structure. A push rod of the piston injector is fixedly connected with the piston injector operation trigger through the second connecting rod, a discharging one-way valve III is arranged at the inlet end of the piston injector, and the inlet end of the piston injector is in airtight communication with a puncture needle through a three-way structure. The cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging trigger is pressed down so that negative pressure can be formed in the one-way valve injector, the cerebrospinal fluid discharging trigger is released so that positive pressure can be formed in the one-way valve injector, and the puncture process of a needle core in the puncture needle and the puncture process of a pressure measuring device are optimized through fiber bragg gratings. The pressure of cerebrospinal fluid is dynamically monitored at a time, a cerebrospinal fluid sample is reserved, a contrast agent and medicine are injected, and the lumbar puncture pressure measuring and liquid discharging injection process is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lumbar puncture devices, and in particular to an optical fiber positioning and pressure measuring lumbar puncture injection gun. Background Art

[0002] Lumbar puncture is a common diagnostic and treatment operation in clinical practice. It is often used to collect and test cerebrospinal fluid and analyze the properties of cerebrospinal fluid. It is of great significance for the diagnosis of neurological diseases and is widely used in the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases, such as meningitis, encephalitis, hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, brain tumors, spinal cord lesions and other neurological diseases that cannot be diagnosed and treated by routine examinations. It can also indirectly measure intracranial pressure to guide clinical treatment. It is also used for dynamic examination of cerebrospinal fluid and myelography to determine the compression of nerve roots of intervertebral disc herniation. In terms of treatment, it can be used to drain bloody cerebrospinal fluid and reduce intracranial pressure. Or inject drugs into the spinal canal to achieve anesthesia or treat inflammation and tumors.

[0003] The current problems with lumbar puncture devices are as follows: (1) The selection and positioning of the lumbar puncture point are poor. (2) The depth of the needle cannot be accurately estimated. (3) Ordinary cerebrospinal fluid pressure gauges are not accurate enough in measuring cerebrospinal fluid pressure. (4) The operation is cumbersome and complicated, which increases the difficulty for doctors to operate alone. (5) The drainage tube has the risk of harming medical workers and causing iatrogenic contamination. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical one-time fiber optic lumbar puncture injection gun that can accurately locate and dynamically monitor cerebrospinal fluid pressure, collect cerebrospinal fluid samples, and inject contrast agents and drugs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel fiber optic positioning pressure measurement lumbar puncture and fluid discharge injection gun, characterized in that: (1) an optical fiber is used to replace the original needle core, and a grating is provided near the needle tip of the optical fiber, so that it can not only play the role of the original needle core, but also accurately locate the puncture position by measuring the tissue refractive index. (2) A novel fiber optic grating spring tube pressure sensor is added to achieve accurate real-time pressure measurement during the puncture process. (3) A cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge trigger and a contrast agent and drug injection trigger are provided on the operating pistol, a one-way valve syringe is provided at the muzzle end of the operating pistol, and the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge trigger is fixedly connected to the push rod of the one-way valve syringe through a connecting structure, a collection one-way valve is provided at the inlet end of the one-way valve syringe, and a discharge one-way valve is provided at the outlet end, and the inlet end is in airtight communication with the puncture needle; the contrast agent and drug injection trigger is connected to the piston syringe push rod through a connecting structure.

[0007] The first connecting rod is hinged to the contrast agent and drug injection trigger. Pressing the contrast agent and drug injection trigger causes the push rod of the piston syringe to move horizontally, which can form a positive pressure in the piston syringe, allowing the contrast agent or drug to enter the puncture needle through the one-way valve III.

[0008] The second connecting rod is hinged to the cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging trigger. Pressing the cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging trigger causes the push rod of the one-way valve syringe to move horizontally, which can form a negative pressure in the one-way valve syringe, allowing the cerebrospinal fluid to enter the one-way valve syringe through the one-way valve I; releasing the cerebrospinal fluid collecting and discharging trigger causes the spring to push the push rod of the one-way valve syringe to move horizontally, which can form a positive pressure in the one-way valve syringe, allowing the cerebrospinal fluid to enter the cerebrospinal fluid sample tube through the one-way valve II.

[0009] The fiber grating needle core used in the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0010] There is a Bragg grating in the needle core. In this invention, the Bragg grating reflects light of a special wavelength to indicate the position to which the puncture needle has traveled. The specific principle is as follows: at the Bragg grating, broadband light enters the optical fiber, most of the light is transmitted through, and a small amount of light is reflected back. There is a special wavelength in the reflected light, and light interference is formed at this wavelength, that is, many weak reflected lights are superimposed together to form this special wavelength of light. The wavelength of this light is determined by the distance between the two gratings and the refractive index of the optical fiber. When the needle core is inserted into different tissues at different depths in the human body, the refractive index of the grating in the needle core will be affected by the human tissue and change, and the special wavelength of the reflected light will also change accordingly.

[0011] The fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor used in the present invention has a structure as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0012] It contains a sensing grating. One end of the grating is glued to the metal block at the fixed end of the sensor using PY-51 epoxy resin AB glue, and the other end is glued to the metal patch with a hook using AB glue. The metal patch is connected to the movable end of the C-type spring tube through a spring. The C-type spring tube is a hollow copper curved tube with an approximately elliptical cross-section. When the cerebrospinal fluid pressure changes during the test, the cerebrospinal fluid will be pressed into the opening of the fixed end of the C-type spring tube. The change in the internal force will cause the curvature of the C-type tube to change. At the same time, the sealed movable end will be displaced, causing the spring and FBG to stretch, causing the grating distance of the fiber grating to change, and the special wavelength of the reflected light will also change accordingly. The pressure value can be obtained by demodulating the movement of the grating center wavelength.

[0013] The outstanding effects of the present invention are: (1) Optimizing the selection and positioning of the lumbar puncture point, making the positioning of the lumbar puncture point more accurate. (2) Accurately estimating the depth of needle insertion through the reflected light processor. (3) Real-time and accurate pressure measurement, understanding the pressure changes of the patient's cerebrospinal fluid at any time, better determining the changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure and observing whether the subarachnoid space is unobstructed. (4) Reducing operation time and operation difficulty, improving work efficiency, and enhancing patient comfort. (5) Avoiding the risk of drainage tubes injuring or infecting medical workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the puncture needle and syringe (Note: One-way valve I only allows liquid to enter the syringe; one-way valve II and one-way valve III only allow liquid to exit the syringe)

[0016] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart between the fiber optic needle core and the traditional needle core of the puncture needle.

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber Bragg grating spring tube pressure sensor

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the optical fiber needle core and pressure sensor of the lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun.

[0019] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the optical fiber core of the puncture needle of the lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun.

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the wavelength change of special waves caused by the change of optical fiber refractive index

[0021] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-puncture needle; 2-optical fiber needle core; 3-piston syringe; 4-one-way valve syringe; 5-fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor; 6-drainage tube; 7-drainage tube and sample tube protective cover; 8-cerebrospinal fluid sample tube; 9-operating pistol; 10-cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operating trigger; 11-first connecting rod; 12-piston syringe operating trigger; 13-second connecting rod; 14-spring; 15-optical fiber coupler; 16-broadband light source transmitter; 17-reflected light processor; 18-computer. Specific implementation plan

[0022] like Figures 1 to 7The optical fiber lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun is characterized in that: an optical fiber needle core 2 is arranged in the puncture needle 1, and the fixed end of the optical fiber Bragg grating spring tube pressure sensor 5 is connected to the puncture needle 3 through a threaded airtight connection. The optical fiber needle core 2 passes through the operating pistol 9 and is connected to the optical fiber coupler 15 together with the pigtail of the optical fiber Bragg grating spring tube pressure sensor 5. The operating pistol 9 is provided with a cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operating trigger 10 and a piston syringe operating trigger 12. The muzzle end of the operating pistol 9 is provided with a piston syringe 3 and a one-way valve syringe 4. The push rod of the one-way valve syringe 4 is fixedly connected to the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operating trigger 10 via a first connecting rod 11. The inlet end of the one-way valve syringe 4 is provided with a collection one-way valve I, and the outlet end is provided with a discharge one-way valve II. The inlet end is air-tightly connected to the puncture needle 1 via a three-way structure; the push rod of the piston syringe 3 is fixedly connected to the piston syringe operating trigger 12 via the second connecting rod 13, the inlet end of the piston syringe 3 is provided with a discharge one-way valve III, and the inlet end of the piston syringe 3 is air-tightly connected to the puncture needle 1 via a three-way structure.

[0023] The middle part of the second connecting rod 13 is hinged to the operating pistol 5, and the two ends of the second connecting rod 13 are respectively hinged to the push rod of the piston syringe 3 and the piston syringe operating trigger 12. One end of the second connecting rod is connected to the operating pistol 5 through a spring. When the medical worker presses the piston syringe operating trigger 12 to move the push rod of the piston syringe 3 horizontally, positive pressure can be formed in the piston syringe 3, and the spring can reset the piston syringe operating trigger 12; the first connecting rod 11 is hinged to the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10, and the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 is connected to the operating pistol 5 through a spring. When the medical worker presses the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 to move the push rod of the one-way valve syringe 4 horizontally, negative pressure can be formed in the one-way valve syringe 4, and the spring can reset the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 to move the push rod of the one-way valve syringe 4 horizontally, so that positive pressure can be formed in the one-way valve syringe 4.

[0024] The outlet end of the one-way valve syringe 4 is airtightly connected to the drainage tube 6 , and the drainage tube 6 is inserted into the cerebrospinal fluid sample tube 8 .

[0025] The inlet ends of the piston syringe and the one-way valve syringe 4 are airtightly connected to the puncture needle 1 through a three-way structure. A fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor 5 is arranged at the rear of the puncture needle 3. The fixed end of the fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor 5 is airtightly connected to the puncture needle 3 through a thread.

[0026] An optical fiber needle core 2 is arranged in the puncture needle 1 , and the optical fiber needle core 2 passes through the operating pistol 9 and is connected to the optical fiber coupler 15 together with the pigtail of the optical fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor 5 .

[0027] The reflected light processor 17 receives the reflected light of a specific wavelength, converts the wave signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the computer 18 .

[0028] The puncture needle 3 and the guide wire 2 are respectively provided with scales for observation and preliminary judgment of the insertion depth. The fiber grating in the guide wire 2 transmits the reflected light back to the reflected light processor 17, and the insertion depth is accurately judged by the data demodulated by the computer 18.

[0029] In the embodiment, the patient takes the left side lying position, holds the head and curls up the knees, takes the L3-L4 intercostal space as the puncture point, locates and marks it on the skin, and performs local anesthesia before puncturing. At this time, the insertion depth of the puncture needle 1 and the guide wire 2 into the patient's body can be preliminarily observed through the scale, and the insertion depth and position of the needle can be further accurately judged by observing the reflected light data received by the computer 18, and the subarachnoid space is successfully entered. Because the guide wire 2 passes through the operating pistol 9 and is inserted into the puncture needle 1, the needle core 2 can be pulled out after the needle is inserted. The fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor 5 can be used to intuitively and accurately observe the changes in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid pressure, and record the cerebrospinal fluid pressure at any time. At the same time, the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 of the operating pistol 9 is pressed down. The cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 is hinged with the push rod of the one-way valve syringe 4. The cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 and the push rod of the one-way valve syringe 4 move backward horizontally at the same time, which can make the one-way A negative pressure is formed in the valve syringe 4, and the patient's cerebrospinal fluid is sucked into the one-way valve syringe 4 through the collection one-way valve I. After the suction is completed, the cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge operation trigger 10 is released, and the spring pushes the cerebrospinal fluid discharge trigger 10 to move forward horizontally. At the same time, the push rod of the one-way valve syringe 5 is pulled to move forward horizontally, so that a positive pressure is formed in the one-way valve syringe 4, and the sucked cerebrospinal fluid is discharged from the one-way valve syringe 4 through the discharge one-way valve II, and the cerebrospinal fluid is drained into the cerebrospinal fluid sample tube 8 through the drainage tube 7 to collect the cerebrospinal fluid. The piston syringe 3 is hinged with the piston syringe operation trigger 12 through the second connecting rod 13. Pressing the piston syringe operation trigger 12 downward causes the piston syringe 3 push rod to move forward horizontally, so that a positive pressure is formed in the piston syringe 3 so that the drug and contrast agent enter the patient's body, thereby improving the accuracy, safety, real-time pressure measurement, time saving, operability, and sterility of the lumbar puncture and fluid release operation operated by a single person, and optimizing the lumbar puncture pressure measurement and fluid release injection process.

[0030] Outstanding advantages of the present invention

[0031] (1) The selection and positioning of the lumbar puncture point have been optimized, making the positioning of the lumbar puncture point more accurate.

[0032] (2) The reflected light processor can accurately estimate the depth of needle insertion and improve the accuracy and safety of lumbar puncture.

[0033] (3) Real-time and accurate pressure measurement to understand the changes in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid pressure at any time, to better determine the changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure and to observe whether the subarachnoid space is unobstructed.

[0034] (4) Reduce operation time and difficulty, improve work efficiency, and enhance patient comfort.

[0035] (5) The operation is performed under a closed device, which allows continuous collection of cerebrospinal fluid samples, reducing the chance of intracranial infection and avoiding iatrogenic contamination.

[0036] (6) The accuracy, safety, real-time pressure measurement, time saving and operability of lumbar puncture and fluid drainage performed by one person have been improved.

[0037] The above description is only illustrative rather than restrictive of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that many modifications, changes or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel optical fiber positioning pressure measurement lumbar puncture injection gun, characterized by: (1) An optical fiber is used to replace the original needle core. A grating is installed near the needle tip of the optical fiber, so that it can not only play the role of the original needle core, but also accurately locate the puncture position by measuring the refractive index of the tissue. (2) A new fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor is added to achieve accurate real-time pressure measurement during the puncture process. (3) A dual-control trigger is designed to simultaneously realize the collection and discharge of cerebrospinal fluid, contrast agent and drug injection, simplifying the operation process.

2. The optical fiber lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that An optical fiber is used to replace the original needle core, and a Bragg grating is set at the needle tip. In this invention, the Bragg grating reflects light of a special wavelength to indicate the position to which the puncture needle travels, thereby achieving precise positioning of the puncture.

3. The optical fiber lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The fiber grating spring tube pressure sensor contains a sensing grating. By demodulating the movement of the grating's central wavelength, the pressure value can be obtained, thus achieving accurate pressure measurement.

4. The optical fiber lumbar puncture pressure measurement injection gun as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The injection gun is provided with a cerebrospinal fluid collection and discharge trigger and a contrast agent and drug injection trigger, which reduces operation time and operation difficulty and improves work efficiency.

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