Composition for preventing and treating anemia of aquatic animals and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating anemia of aquatic animals and application of the composition, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and aquatic product nutrition and health care. The composition for preventing and treating anemia of aquatic animals, provided by the invention, comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of mixed organic iron and 50-70 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product, the mixed organic iron is composed of lotus root polysaccharide complex iron and any one or more of ferrous citrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate, a methionine iron complex, a glycine iron complex, yeast iron, an amino acid iron complex and protein iron. The composition can maintain the balance of intestinal flora of aquatic animals, recover the physiological function of the intestinal tract, promote iron absorption and rapidly increase the content of hemoglobin in the aquatic animals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals and application thereof, and specifically belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and aquatic nutrition and health care. Background Art

[0002] Anemia is a common disease in aquatic animals, which directly affects the physiological functions of the body. Anemia can lead to decreased oxygen transport capacity, impaired metabolic function, decreased immunity, weakened stress response ability, slowed growth rate, abnormal development, low survival rate and other problems in aquatic animals. Insufficient or unbalanced nutrition is an important cause of anemia in aquatic animals. It is necessary to ensure that the feed contains sufficient protein, vitamins and minerals, especially iron, copper, cobalt and other elements closely related to hematopoietic function, and adjust the feed formula according to different growth stages and physiological needs to avoid nutritional monotony. Due to the outbreak of various diseases in recent years, it has brought serious harm to the breeding of aquatic animals. Hemorrhagic diseases caused by bacterial, viral and parasitic infections can also lead to a decrease in red blood cells in aquatic animals. If antibiotics are used in large quantities for a long time to treat infectious diseases, it will cause liver and kidney damage, affect hematopoietic function, and eventually lead to the death of aquatic animals due to lack of oxygen, which seriously affects the healthy breeding of aquatic animals. Therefore, in recent years, many researchers have been committed to the development of blood-enriching substances.

[0003] Patent CN 105859902 A discloses a method for preparing a water-soluble tuckahoe polysaccharide metal complex. The preparation method in the invention is: dissolve tuckahoe polysaccharide in NaOH solution, adjust the pH to 3.5-5.5, add composite plant hydrolase solution, keep warm in water bath, separate and purify to obtain tuckahoe polysaccharide; then dissolve tuckahoe polysaccharide in deionized water, add metal ion solution, adjust the pH to 6-8, react at 50-80°C for 2-4h, separate and purify to obtain water-soluble tuckahoe polysaccharide metal complex, which can be used in the development of food, medicine, health care products, etc. However, the cost of the metal complex in this patent is relatively high and is not suitable for the breeding industry. At present, the iron added to domestic feed is still mainly ferrous sulfate, and iron ions are prone to antagonism and competition with other mineral ions, resulting in a decrease in iron ion utilization and an increase in feed consumption.

[0004] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the development of a natural composition that can improve the blood oxygen concentration and immunity of aquatic organisms is of great significance to the development of the aquaculture industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention discloses a composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals and an application thereof. Organic iron is compounded with a fermented traditional Chinese medicine, and the obtained composition is applied in the feeding process of aquatic animals. The composition can maintain the balance of intestinal flora of aquatic animals, restore intestinal physiological functions, promote iron absorption, quickly increase the hemoglobin content in aquatic animals, and increase blood oxygen concentration, thereby having the effect of preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals, which comprises the following components by weight: 30-50 parts of mixed organic iron and 50-70 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation products.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mixed organic iron is composed of lotus root polysaccharide complex iron and any one or more of ferrous citrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate, methionine iron complex, glycine iron complex, yeast iron, amino acid iron complex, and protein iron.

[0009] In some embodiments, the preparation steps of the lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron are:

[0010] (1) Mix lotus root powder with pure water, heat in a water bath at 80-85° C. for 2-3 hours after ultrasonic treatment, separate, add anhydrous ethanol to the obtained supernatant, let stand, centrifuge, remove the precipitate, add anhydrous ethanol to the supernatant, let stand for 10-20 hours, centrifuge, add pure water to the obtained precipitate, vacuum concentrate, and dry to obtain lotus root polysaccharide;

[0011] (2) dispersing the lotus root polysaccharide and arabinonic acid prepared in step (1) in pure water, adjusting the pH to 5-6, stirring and reacting at 0-4° C. for 30-50 min, and drying to obtain modified lotus root polysaccharide;

[0012] (3) Dispersing the modified lotus root polysaccharide and sodium citrate in step (2) in deionized water, adding iron salt, adjusting the pH to 7-9, heating in a water bath at 60-70° C. with stirring for 3-5 h, centrifuging, precipitating the obtained supernatant with alcohol, separating, washing, and drying to obtain lotus root polysaccharide complexed with iron.

[0013] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of lotus root polysaccharide to arabinonic acid in step (2) is (2-2.5):1.

[0014] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of lotus root polysaccharide to arabinonic acid is 2.25:1.

[0015] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of modified lotus root polysaccharide to iron salt in step (3) is (10-20):1.

[0016] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the modified lotus root polysaccharide to the iron salt is 15:1.

[0017] In some embodiments, the preparation steps of the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product are:

[0018] Ginseng, astragalus, angelica and poria are dried and crushed, placed in a solid fermentation tank, and purified water, glucose, corn steep liquor and composite bacteria are added thereto, mixed evenly, fermented at 25-40°C in an aerobic environment for 24-60 hours, and then fermented in an anaerobic environment for 36-60 hours, and then dried to constant weight to obtain a Chinese medicine fermentation product.

[0019] In some embodiments, the amount of each raw material of the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product by weight is: 15-30 parts of ginseng, 15-30 parts of astragalus, 5-15 parts of angelica, 5-15 parts of poria, 15-20 parts of purified water, 2-4 parts of glucose, 2-4 parts of corn steep liquor, and 0.1-0.2 parts of composite bacteria.

[0020] In some embodiments, the composite strains contain an activity of (1-9)×10 9 CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus reuteri.

[0021] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus reuteri is (1.5-2):(1.4-1.8):(1.2-1.4):(1-1.2):1.

[0022] Preferably, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri is 1.75:1.6:1.3:1.1:1.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention provides an application of the composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals in the above scheme in the field of breeding. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals is mixed with feed in an amount of 0.1-1wt% to feed aquatic animals.

[0024] The invention contains various forms of organic iron sources for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals, which can enable the aquatic animals to absorb iron to a higher degree. The polysaccharides in ginseng and astragalus in the composition can also promote the expression of cytokine EPO and significantly improve the proliferation rate of hematopoietic stem cells. Angelica polysaccharide can change the levels of hemoglobin, blood cells and erythropoietin in the liver and can resolve anemia symptoms caused by various reasons. Poria polysaccharide can inhibit the body's oxidative stress and reduce the release of inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing liver and kidney damage. The fermentation of probiotics can promote the release of more effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, improve the effect of traditional Chinese medicine, and the microorganisms and their fermented products can also maintain the balance of intestinal flora, restore intestinal physiological functions, and promote the body's absorption of iron.

[0025] The present invention chemically modifies lotus root polysaccharide by using arabinonic acid, and then complexes with iron salt, and successfully prepares lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron by controlling reaction raw materials, reaction temperature, system pH, and reaction time. As a polyhydroxy organic acid, arabinonic acid may react with hydroxyl groups in lotus root polysaccharide molecules to form new chemical bonds, or form hydrogen bonds, and change the molecular structure and aggregation state of lotus root polysaccharide. And the modified lotus root polysaccharide has better water solubility, biological activity and stability, is easily absorbed by the body, and can efficiently form a stable complex with iron ions, thereby improving the body's absorption rate of iron.

[0026] The present invention also uses a specific mixed strain to adjust the fermentation mode, exert the metabolic effect of microorganisms in the fermentation process, and significantly improve the bioavailability of medicinal ingredients in Chinese medicinal materials such as ginseng, astragalus, angelica and Poria. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis may produce specific enzymes during the fermentation process, which can decompose macromolecular compounds in medicinal materials, such as polysaccharides and proteins, and convert them into small molecules that are more easily absorbed by the body; while Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri may also increase the solubility and stability of active ingredients in medicinal materials by producing organic acids and other metabolites. In addition, the fermentation of mixed strains can also enhance the host's immune function by regulating the balance of intestinal flora. Clostridium butyricum can produce butyric acid, which has the function of regulating the intestinal environment, promoting the growth of beneficial flora, and enhancing the intestinal barrier function, thereby improving the body's resistance to pathogens; Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri, as probiotics, can improve the defense ability of the intestine by competitively excluding pathogens and enhancing the tight connection of intestinal epithelial cells in the body.

[0027] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The present invention discloses a composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals and its application. The obtained composition is applied in the breeding process of aquatic animals, which can maintain the balance of intestinal flora of aquatic animals, restore intestinal physiological functions, promote iron absorption, quickly increase the hemoglobin content in aquatic animals, and increase blood oxygen concentration, thereby preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals.

[0029] 2. The present invention chemically modifies lotus root polysaccharides with arabinonic acid, and then complexes them with iron salts. By controlling the reaction raw materials, reaction temperature, system pH, and reaction time, lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron with better water solubility and biological activity is successfully prepared. The lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron is easily absorbed by the body and can efficiently form a stable complex with iron ions, thereby improving the body's absorption rate of iron.

[0030] 3. The present invention also uses a specific mixed strain to significantly improve the bioavailability of medicinal ingredients in Chinese medicinal materials such as ginseng, astragalus, angelica and Poria through the metabolism of microorganisms in the fermentation process, so that the composition can enhance the body's immune function by regulating the balance of intestinal flora. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Now describe in detail various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, this detailed description should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment, and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the range.

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. Various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the present invention specification will be apparent to the technician. The present application specification and examples are exemplary only.

[0033] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” or “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0034] The mass fractions described in the following embodiments may be grams, kilograms, tons or other mass units.

[0035] The activities of Bacillus subtilis CICC 10071, Bacillus licheniformis CICC 10092, Clostridium butyricum ATCC19398, Lactobacillus plantarum CICC 20270, and Lactobacillus reuteri CICC 6119 contained in the composite strains used in Preparation Examples 3-5 of the present invention are all 1×10 9 CFU / g, all of which can be obtained through commercial channels; the lotus root powder used was sieved through a 40-mesh sieve; the corn syrup used was corn syrup dry powder purchased from Jining Tongsheng Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd.

[0036] Preparation Example 1

[0037] The preparation steps of lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron are as follows:

[0038] (1) Mix lotus root powder and pure water in a mass ratio of 1:10, ultrasonically treat at 40 kHz for 15 minutes, heat in a hot water bath at 85°C for 2 hours, centrifuge, add 40% by volume of anhydrous ethanol to the obtained supernatant, let stand at 4°C for 2 hours, centrifuge, remove the precipitate, add 75% by volume of anhydrous ethanol to the supernatant, let stand for 15 hours, centrifuge, add 50% by mass of pure water to the obtained precipitate, vacuum concentrate at 50°C to remove the anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum freeze-dry to obtain lotus root polysaccharide;

[0039] (2) 22.5 g of the lotus root polysaccharide prepared in step (1) and 10 g of arabinonic acid were dispersed in 1 L of pure water, the pH was adjusted to 5.5, and the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 40 min, and then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried in vacuum to obtain modified lotus root polysaccharide;

[0040] (3) Take 15g of the modified lotus root polysaccharide of step (2) and 2g of sodium citrate and dissolve them in 225mL of deionized water, add 1g of ferric chloride, adjust the pH to 8, heat in a water bath at 65°C and 100r / min with stirring for 4h, centrifuge, add 2 times the volume of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution to the obtained supernatant, perform alcohol precipitation, centrifuge, wash twice with anhydrous ethanol, and dry at 45°C to constant weight to obtain lotus root polysaccharide complexed with iron.

[0041] Preparation Example 2

[0042] The preparation steps of lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron are as follows:

[0043] (1) Mix lotus root powder and pure water in a mass ratio of 1:10, ultrasonically treat at 40 kHz for 15 minutes, heat in a hot water bath at 85°C for 2 hours, centrifuge, add 40% by volume of anhydrous ethanol to the obtained supernatant, let stand at 4°C for 2 hours, centrifuge, remove the precipitate, add 75% by volume of anhydrous ethanol to the supernatant, let stand for 15 hours, centrifuge, add 50% by mass of pure water to the obtained precipitate, vacuum concentrate at 50°C to remove the anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum freeze-dry to obtain lotus root polysaccharide;

[0044] (3) Take 15g of the lotus root polysaccharide of step (1) and 2g of sodium citrate and dissolve them in 225mL of deionized water, add 1g of ferric chloride, adjust the pH to 8, heat in a water bath at 65°C and 100r / min for 4h, centrifuge, add 2 times the volume of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution to the obtained supernatant, precipitate with alcohol, centrifuge, wash twice with anhydrous ethanol, and dry at 45°C to constant weight to obtain lotus root polysaccharide complexed with iron.

[0045] Preparation Example 3

[0046] The preparation steps of Chinese medicine fermentation are as follows:

[0047] According to the mass proportion, 20 parts of ginseng, 20 parts of astragalus, 10 parts of angelica, and 10 parts of poria were dried to constant weight, crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and placed in a solid fermentation tank. Then, 15 parts of purified water, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.15 parts of composite bacteria were added thereto, and the mixture was mixed evenly. The mixture was first fermented in an aerobic environment at 30°C for 40 hours, then fermented in an anaerobic environment for 40 hours, and then dried at 45°C to constant weight, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and a Chinese medicine fermentation product was obtained.

[0048] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri in the composite bacteria used is 1.75:1.6:1.3:1.1:1.

[0049] Preparation Example 4

[0050] The preparation steps of Chinese medicine fermentation are as follows:

[0051] According to the mass proportion, 20 parts of ginseng, 20 parts of astragalus, 10 parts of angelica, and 10 parts of poria were dried to constant weight, crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and placed in a solid fermentation tank. Then, 15 parts of purified water, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.15 parts of composite bacteria were added thereto, and the mixture was mixed evenly. The mixture was first fermented in an aerobic environment at 30°C for 40 hours, then fermented in an anaerobic environment for 40 hours, and then dried at 45°C to constant weight, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and a Chinese medicine fermentation product was obtained.

[0052] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri in the composite bacteria is 1.75:1.6:1.1:1.

[0053] Preparation Example 5

[0054] The preparation steps of Chinese medicine fermentation are as follows:

[0055] According to the mass proportion, 20 parts of ginseng, 20 parts of astragalus, 10 parts of angelica, and 10 parts of poria were dried to constant weight, crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and placed in a solid fermentation tank. Then, 15 parts of purified water, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.15 parts of composite bacteria were added thereto, and the mixture was mixed evenly. The mixture was first fermented in an aerobic environment at 30°C for 40 hours, then fermented in an anaerobic environment for 40 hours, and then dried at 45°C to constant weight, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and a Chinese medicine fermentation product was obtained.

[0056] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri in the composite bacteria used is 1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0057] Preparation Example 6

[0058] The preparation steps of Chinese medicine fermentation are as follows:

[0059] According to the mass proportion, 20 parts of ginseng, 20 parts of astragalus, 10 parts of angelica, and 10 parts of poria were dried to constant weight, crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and placed in a solid fermentation tank. Then, 15 parts of purified water, 3 parts of glucose, 3 parts of corn steep liquor and 0.15 parts of composite bacteria were added thereto, mixed evenly, fermented at 30°C in an aerobic environment for 80 hours, dried at 45°C to constant weight, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and obtained a Chinese medicine fermentation product.

[0060] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri in the composite bacteria used is 1.75:1.6:1.3:1.1:1.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts of mixed organic iron and 50 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation products.

[0063] The mixed organic iron used is composed of the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron obtained in Preparation Example 1 and ferrous lactate in a mass ratio of 1:1; the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product used is obtained in Preparation Example 3.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals comprises the following components by weight: 50 parts of mixed organic iron and 70 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation products.

[0066] The mixed organic iron used is composed of the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron obtained in Preparation Example 1 and ferrous fumarate in a mass ratio of 1:1; the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product used is obtained in Preparation Example 3.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts of mixed organic iron and 60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation products.

[0069] The mixed organic iron used is composed of the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron obtained in Preparation Example 1 and ferrous citrate in a mass ratio of 1:1; the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product used is obtained in Preparation Example 3.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals. The specific embodiment is the same as that of Example 3, except that the Chinese medicinal fermentation product used is obtained from Preparation Example 4.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals. The specific embodiment is the same as that of Example 3, except that the Chinese medicinal fermentation product used is obtained from Preparation Example 5.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals. The specific embodiment is the same as that of Example 3, except that the lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron used is from Preparation Example 2.

[0076] Example 7

[0077] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts of mixed organic iron and 60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation products.

[0078] The mixed organic iron used is composed of sucrose iron complex and ferrous citrate in a mass ratio of 1:1. The sucrose iron complex used is prepared with reference to Example 2 in patent CN 106243162 A; the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product used is obtained from Preparation Example 3.

[0079] Example 8

[0080] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals. The specific embodiment is the same as that of Example 3, except that an equal mass of ferrous chloride is used instead of lotus root polysaccharide complex iron.

[0081] Example 9

[0082] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals. The specific embodiment is the same as that of Example 3, except that the Chinese medicinal fermentation product used is obtained from Preparation Example 6.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts of mixed organic iron and 60 parts of a traditional Chinese medicine mixture.

[0085] The mixed organic iron used is composed of the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron obtained in Preparation Example 1 and ferrous citrate in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0086] Preparation of the Chinese medicine mixture used: According to the mass parts, 20 parts of ginseng, 20 parts of astragalus, 10 parts of angelica, and 10 parts of poria were dried to constant weight, crushed, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly to obtain a Chinese medicine mixture.

[0087] Performance Testing

[0088] Experiments on treating anemia of grass carp using the compositions obtained in various embodiments and comparative examples:

[0089] Test subjects: 110 grass carps (from a breeding base in Changsha) were randomly divided into groups 1-11, with 10 grass carps in each group. After the test started, 0.5 wt% of the composition prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Example 1 was added to the basic feed for feeding, and a blank control group (only the basic feed was fed);

[0090] Test tools: simple portable blood analysis diagnostic instrument, disposable sterile syringe (5mL with needle);

[0091] Test method: Before the test, the hemoglobin content of each group of grass carp was tested on May 27, and the average value was 46.6g / L; then, each group of grass carp was fed for 7 days from May 29, and the hemoglobin content of the fish was tested again on June 1 and June 5, and the average value was taken. The normal reference range of grass carp hemoglobin is 75-145g / L.

[0092] Specific test data are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095] It can be seen from Table 1 that the compositions for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals prepared in Examples 1-3 can significantly increase the hemoglobin content in grass carp and make the hemoglobin content of grass carp approach normal. Compared with Example 3, the mixed strains used in Examples 4 and 5 have changed, resulting in different fermentation effects and component compositions of the Chinese medicine fermentation products, thereby affecting the effect of the composition in treating anemia in animals; the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron used in Example 6 has not been modified with arabinonic acid, which may affect its water solubility and bioavailability, affecting the effect of the composition in treating anemia in animals; sucrose iron complex is used instead of lotus root polysaccharide complex iron in the mixed organic iron of Example 7, and the bioavailability of the sucrose iron complex may be worse than that of the lotus root polysaccharide complex iron in the present invention, resulting in the composition The effect of treating anemia in animals is worse; the mixed organic iron in Example 8 is significantly affected by the presence of ferrous chloride, which causes the body's absorption rate of iron to be significantly reduced, and the effect of the composition in treating anemia in animals is worse; the fermentation method of the Chinese medicine fermentation used in Example 9 has changed, affecting its effective components, which is not conducive to the absorption of fish; the Chinese medicine in Comparative Example 1 has not undergone biological fermentation, and the efficacy is weakened, which makes the effect of the composition in treating anemia in animals worse.

[0096] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, the composition includes: 30-50 parts of mixed organic iron and 50-70 parts of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product.

2. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed organic iron is composed of any one or more of lotus root polysaccharide complex iron and ferrous citrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate, methionine iron complex, glycine iron complex, yeast iron, amino acid iron complex and protein iron.

3. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the lotus root polysaccharide complexed iron are as follows: (1) Mix lotus root powder with pure water, heat in a water bath at 80-85° C. for 2-3 hours after ultrasonic treatment, separate, add anhydrous ethanol to the obtained supernatant, let stand, centrifuge, remove the precipitate, add anhydrous ethanol to the supernatant, let stand for 10-20 hours, centrifuge, add pure water to the obtained precipitate, vacuum concentrate, and dry to obtain lotus root polysaccharide; (2) dispersing the lotus root polysaccharide and arabinonic acid prepared in step (1) in pure water, adjusting the pH to 5-6, reacting at 0-4° C. with stirring for 30-50 min, and drying to obtain modified lotus root polysaccharide; (3) Dissolve the modified lotus root polysaccharide and sodium citrate in deionized water, add iron salt, adjust the pH to 7-9, heat in a water bath at 60-70° C. with stirring for 3-5 hours, centrifuge, precipitate the supernatant with alcohol, separate, wash and dry to obtain lotus root polysaccharide complexed with iron.

4. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (2), the mass ratio of lotus root polysaccharide to arabinonic acid is (2-2.5):

1.

5. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (3), the mass ratio of modified lotus root polysaccharide to iron salt is (10-20):

1.

6. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the Chinese medicine fermentation product are as follows: Ginseng, astragalus, angelica and poria are dried and crushed, placed in a solid fermentation tank, and purified water, glucose, corn steep liquor and composite bacteria are added thereto, mixed evenly, fermented at 25-40°C in an aerobic environment for 24-60 hours, and then fermented in an anaerobic environment for 36-60 hours, and then dried to constant weight to obtain a Chinese medicine fermentation product.

7. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product are used in the following amounts by mass: 15-30 parts of ginseng, 15-30 parts of astragalus, 5-15 parts of angelica, 5-15 parts of poria, 15-20 parts of purified water, 2-4 parts of glucose, 2-4 parts of corn steep liquor, and 0.1-0.2 parts of composite bacteria.

8. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite strains contain an activity of (1-9)×10 9 CFU / g of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus reuteri.

9. The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri is (1.5-2):(1.4-1.8):(1.2-1.4):(1-1.2):

1.

10. Use of the composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of breeding, characterized in that: The composition for preventing and treating anemia in aquatic animals is mixed with feed in an amount of 0.1-1 wt % to feed the aquatic animals.

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