Control device and method for low-pressure casting mold filling process of aluminum wheel

Abstract

An aluminum wheel low-pressure casting mold filling process control device belongs to the technical field of automobile hub low-pressure casting and is provided with a bottom mold, a top mold and a side mold, the top mold and the bottom mold are used in cooperation to form the upper contour of a casting, and a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged in the upper contour. The side die is used in cooperation with the bottom die and the top die, a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged on the side wall of the side die, and the temperature monitoring points, the pressure monitoring points and the cooling system are all electrically connected with a control system of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting mold filling process control device. The temperature monitoring points and the pressure monitoring points are arranged, temperature distribution, pressure changes and metal flowing behaviors in the mold filling process are monitored in real time in combination with the data acquisition and analysis system, the mold active exhaust technology is further combined, the mold filling stability and consistency are ensured, and therefore the casting quality is remarkably improved, and the defect rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting of automobile wheel hubs, and in particular to a low-pressure casting filling process control device and method for aluminum wheels. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy materials, especially in the field of automobile manufacturing, are widely used in wheel manufacturing. Aluminum wheels have become a standard configuration of modern cars due to their advantages such as light weight, good heat dissipation and strong corrosion resistance. Among many aluminum alloy materials, A356 aluminum alloy is often used in the manufacture of aluminum wheels due to its excellent casting performance, mechanical properties and good processability.

[0003] At present, the production process of aluminum wheels is mainly based on low-pressure casting technology. Low-pressure casting has become the mainstream process in wheel manufacturing because it can smoothly inject molten metal into the mold at a relatively low pressure, and produce high-quality, complex-shaped castings by controlling the filling speed and pressure. However, in the low-pressure casting process, the monitoring and control of aluminum liquid filling is still a technical problem. Parameters such as filling pressure, filling speed and temperature distribution directly affect the internal quality and appearance accuracy of the casting. It is difficult for traditional low-pressure casting devices to monitor and feedback control the temperature field, pressure field and flow behavior during the filling process in real time, resulting in the current casting filling process mainly relying on experience settings, and unable to adjust the various parameters in the filling process in real time and accurately, which leads to poor consistency in casting quality and even the generation of scrap, which is mainly manifested in the following points:

[0004] (1) Unstable filling process control: In the existing low-pressure casting technology, the control of the aluminum liquid filling process often depends on the operator's experience. Since the fluidity and filling speed of the aluminum liquid respond differently to different mold structures and production conditions, it is difficult to achieve stable filling control. This instability makes it easy for castings to have problems such as insufficient filling, cold shut, and surface defects during the production process, thus affecting the consistency of product quality.

[0005] (2) Lack of accuracy in monitoring the filling process: Existing low-pressure casting devices are usually not equipped with sufficiently accurate real-time monitoring systems, and are unable to accurately capture the temperature distribution, pressure changes, and flow behavior during the filling process. Due to the lack of real-time data feedback, it is difficult for operators to adjust process parameters in a timely manner according to abnormal conditions that occur during the filling process, resulting in large fluctuations in casting quality and difficulty in meeting the production needs of high-precision castings.

[0006] (3) Lack of dynamic feedback adjustment mechanism: In the traditional low-pressure casting process, there is a lack of a feedback control mechanism that can automatically adjust the filling parameters according to real-time data. The fluctuations in the temperature field and pressure field during the filling process often affect the internal structure and performance of the casting, but the existing technology cannot achieve dynamic parameter optimization during the filling process, resulting in difficulty in further improving the internal quality and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0007] (4) Delayed defect identification during casting process: In traditional casting process, defects such as pores and shrinkage holes can only be detected after the casting is formed. This post-detection method not only fails to correct problems in the production process in a timely manner, but also increases the scrap rate and wastes materials and production time. The lack of real-time defect monitoring and prevention measures makes casting quality control subject to greater risks.

[0008] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the prior art, the designers of this case, relying on their many years of experience in this industry, actively researched and improved, and thus came up with the present invention, a device and method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of aluminum wheels. Summary of the invention

[0009] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device to address the defects in the prior art, such as it is difficult for low-pressure casting devices to monitor and feedback control the temperature field, pressure field and flow behavior during the filling process in real time, resulting in the current casting filling process mainly relying on empirical settings and being unable to adjust various parameters in the filling process in real time and accurately.

[0010] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of aluminum wheels in view of the defects in the prior art, such as it is difficult for the low-pressure casting device to monitor and feedback control the temperature field, pressure field and flow behavior during the filling process in real time, resulting in the current casting filling process mainly relying on empirical settings and being unable to adjust the various parameters of the filling process in real time and accurately.

[0011] In order to achieve the first purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides an aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device, the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device, comprising a bottom mold, a top mold and a side mold, wherein the top mold is used in conjunction with the bottom mold to form an upper contour of the casting, and a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged in the upper contour, the side mold is used in conjunction with the bottom mold and the top mold, and a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged on the side wall of the side mold, and the temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and the cooling system are all electrically connected to the control system of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature monitoring point and the pressure monitoring point are respectively a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0013] Optionally, the temperature monitoring point is a K-type thermocouple.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature monitoring point, the pressure monitoring point and the cooling system are arranged at at least one of the aluminum liquid flow path of the mold, the mold contact surface, and the rim and the spoke.

[0015] To achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for controlling a low-pressure casting filling process of an aluminum wheel, the method comprising:

[0016] Execute step S1: install temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points at key positions of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device, and calibrate the system;

[0017] Execute step S2: define the test parameters during the filling process and adjust the casting conditions;

[0018] Execute step S3: record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time, and perform analysis and evaluation;

[0019] Execute step S4: verify the casting quality and perform mechanical property test;

[0020] Execute step S5: Feedback to production based on the test results to optimize the production process in real time.

[0021] Optionally, in step S1, further comprising:

[0022] Execute step S11: use a low-pressure casting mold, set temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points in the mold, and the sensors of the temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points are distributed at key positions of the mold to monitor changes in temperature and pressure during the casting process;

[0023] Execute step S12: calibrate the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor in the mold to ensure the accuracy of data collection and the reliability of the system.

[0024] Optionally, in step S2, further comprising:

[0025] Execute step S21: set test parameters during the filling process;

[0026] Execute step S22: adjust the cooling system of the mold to control the temperature field distribution of the mold during the casting process.

[0027] Optionally, the test parameters during the filling process are casting temperature, filling pressure, cooling rate, and active exhaust flow rate.

[0028] The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel as described in claim 9 is characterized in that adjusting the cooling system of the mold is to adjust the flow rate and cooling time of the cooling water.

[0029] Optionally, in step S3, further comprising:

[0030] Execute step S31: during the low-pressure casting process, record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time to analyze the filling process under different conditions and the influence of temperature and pressure on the casting quality;

[0031] Execute step S32: analyze the collected temperature and pressure data, determine the changes in the mold temperature field and pressure field under different filling conditions, and evaluate the impact of the changes on the filling quality, internal structure and surface accuracy of the casting.

[0032] Optionally, in step S4, further comprising:

[0033] Executing step S41: cutting standard specimens from wheels cast under different test conditions and performing mechanical property tests to evaluate the influence of the filling process on the mechanical properties of the castings;

[0034] Execute step S42: use an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to analyze the microstructure of the sample and evaluate the influence of different filling conditions on the internal quality of the casting.

[0035] Optionally, in step S5, further comprising:

[0036] Execute step S51: adjust and optimize the low-pressure casting process parameters according to the test results to improve the mechanical properties and microstructure quality of the casting;

[0037] Execute step S52: prepare a detailed test report, analyze and summarize the specific effects of different filling conditions on casting performance and quality, and feed back to the production process to improve and optimize the casting process, thereby improving the overall quality and production efficiency of the aluminum wheel.

[0038] In summary, the low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels of the present invention sets temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points, and combines a data acquisition and analysis system to monitor the temperature distribution, pressure changes and metal flow behavior in the filling process in real time, and further combines the mold active exhaust technology to ensure the stability and consistency of the filling, thereby significantly improving the quality of castings and reducing the defect rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The figure shows the mold assembly diagram of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 The figure shows a top view of the mold of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 The figure shows a front view of a side mold of a low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 The figure shows a front view of the arrangement of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 The figure shows a top view of the arrangement of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 Shown is a flow chart of the filling process control method for low-pressure casting of aluminum wheels according to the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0045] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] See also Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 1 Shown is a mold assembly diagram of the low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel of the present invention. Figure 2 Shown is a top view of the mold of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention. Figure 3 Shown is a front view of a side mold of a low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel according to the present invention. Figure 4 Shown is a front view of the arrangement of temperature sensors and pressure sensors in the low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel according to the present invention. Figure 5The figure shows a top view of the arrangement of temperature sensors and pressure sensors of the low-pressure casting filling process control device of the aluminum wheel of the present invention. The aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device has a bottom mold 1, a top mold 2 and a side mold 3, wherein the top mold 2 is used in conjunction with the bottom mold 1 to form the upper contour of the casting, and a number of temperature monitoring points 50, pressure monitoring points 60 and a cooling system are arranged in the upper contour, the side mold 3 is used in conjunction with the bottom mold 1 and the top mold 2, and a number of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged on the side wall of the side mold 3, and the temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and cooling systems are all electrically connected to the control system of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device. For non-restrictive enumeration, the temperature monitoring point and the pressure monitoring point are temperature sensors and pressure sensors, respectively. More specifically, the temperature monitoring point is a K-type thermocouple, the pressure monitoring point is a pressure sensor, and the cooling system is ventilation cooling or water cooling. The temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and cooling system are arranged in key areas of the mold, including but not limited to the aluminum liquid flow path, the mold contact surface, and the rim and spokes.

[0047] As a specific implementation method, in order to more intuitively disclose the technical features of the present invention and highlight the beneficial effects of the present invention, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The mold of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device has a bottom mold 1, a top mold 2 and a side mold 3, and is provided with a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system, aiming to ensure the high quality and precise molding of the casting.

[0048] The bottom mold 1 is the basic part of the mold, carrying all the components and aluminum liquid in the casting process. The bottom mold 1 is designed with structural stability and heat conduction efficiency. The top mold 2 is used in conjunction with the bottom mold 1 to form the upper contour of the casting. It has several temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and cooling systems built in to ensure the precise molding of the casting. The side mold 3 is used to define the side contour of the casting. It has a high-precision temperature acquisition and control system to ensure the quality of the edge of the casting. The diverter cone 4 is located in the center of the aluminum liquid flow channel, responsible for guiding the aluminum liquid to flow evenly into the cavity, reducing eddy currents and temperature fluctuations. The support plate 5 is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the mold and ensure the stability of each part of the mold during the casting process. The pouring cup 6 is designed to receive the aluminum liquid and guide it into the diverter cone 4 to prevent the aluminum liquid from temperature loss during the pouring process. The filter screen 7 is placed before the aluminum liquid enters the mold to remove impurities in the aluminum liquid and ensure the purity of the casting. The sprue sleeve 8 is used in conjunction with the pouring cup 6 to provide the sealing of the flow channel and reduce the heat loss when the aluminum liquid flows. The bottom plate 9 is used to support the bottom mold 1 and is closely connected with other components to ensure the overall strength of the mold. The positioning flat key 10 ensures the precise alignment of the top mold 2 and the bottom mold 1 during mold assembly to prevent misalignment. The back plate 11 is located at the rear of the mold to increase the structural strength and stability of the mold. The upper mold top plate 12 provides external protection for the upper mold and is also an important part of the cooling system. The guide flat key 13 is used to ensure the precise alignment of the mold during the opening and closing process to reduce wear. The positioning column 14 ensures the accurate positioning of the mold during assembly and operation to prevent the misalignment of mold components. The support 15 provides additional support for the mold to ensure the stability of each component during the casting process. The side mold air hole air duct 16 is designed to provide cooling air flow to the side mold of the mold to ensure that the temperature of the side mold 3 is controlled within a preset range. The ejector rod 17 is used to eject the casting after the casting is formed to ensure smooth demolding of the casting. The guide flat key 18 is used to assist in the assembly and alignment of the mold to ensure that each part fits accurately. The guide flat key 19 design provides additional positioning accuracy to ensure consistency in mold operation. The guide flat key 20 is used to further enhance the assembly accuracy of the mold and reduce operating errors. The active exhaust plug 21 is used to discharge the gas in the mold to prevent pores and casting defects. The guide column sleeve 22 protects the guide column and provides a smooth mold opening and closing operation. The locking block 23 is used to fix the mold to ensure stability and safety during operation. The ejector upper plate 24 provides support and guidance for the ejector to ensure smooth movement of the ejector. The ejector lower plate 25 is used in conjunction with the upper plate to ensure the accuracy of the ejection action. The guide column 26 provides precise guidance for the opening and closing of the mold to ensure consistency of operation. The pipe joint pressure strip 27 is used to fix the joints in the cooling system to ensure the flow stability of the cooling medium. The lifting lug 28 is designed for lifting and moving the mold to ensure safe operation. The positioning sleeve 29 provides an accurate positioning reference for the assembly of the mold to ensure the correct position of each component. The side mold slider 30 is used to adjust the position of the side mold to ensure the accurate molding of the edge of the casting. The lock nut 31 is used to fix and lock the various parts of the mold to prevent loosening.The guide flat key 32 provides guidance for the components of the mold to ensure accurate assembly and stable operation. The cooling cover plate 33 covers the cooling system of the mold to prevent the external environment from affecting the cooling efficiency. The branch pipe 34 is used to distribute the coolant of the cooling system to ensure uniform cooling of all areas in the mold. The ejector sleeve 35 protects the ejector and ensures the smooth ejection action. The ejector 36 is used to eject the casting after molding to ensure the integrity of the casting. The window exhaust plug 37 is used to discharge gas from a specific area to prevent pores and casting defects. The guide flat key 38 assists in the assembly of the mold to ensure that all parts are accurately aligned during the casting process. The clamping plate 39 is used to fix the key parts of the mold to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The bottom plate duct pressure plate 40 fixes the duct to ensure the normal operation of the cooling system. The return column 41 is used to return to the initial position after the mold is opened and closed to ensure preparation for the next operation.

[0049] See also Figure 6 , and refer to Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 6 The figure shows a flow chart of a method for controlling a low-pressure casting filling process of an aluminum wheel according to the present invention. The method for controlling a low-pressure casting filling process of an aluminum wheel comprises:

[0050] Execute step S1: install temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points at key positions of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device, and calibrate the system;

[0051] Execute step S2: define the test parameters during the filling process and adjust the casting conditions;

[0052] Execute step S3: record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time, and perform analysis and evaluation;

[0053] Execute step S4: verify the casting quality and perform mechanical property test;

[0054] Execute step S5: Feedback to production based on the test results to optimize the production process in real time.

[0055] Wherein, in step S1, further comprising:

[0056] Execute step S11: use a low-pressure casting mold, wherein temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points are set in the mold, and sensors of the temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points are distributed at key positions of the mold, including but not limited to the aluminum liquid flow path, the mold contact surface, and the rim and spokes, so as to monitor the changes in temperature and pressure during the casting process;

[0057] Execute step S12: calibrate the temperature sensor and pressure sensor in the mold to ensure the accuracy of data acquisition and the reliability of the system. Perform preliminary tests to verify the function of the sensor and ensure the stable operation of the data acquisition system.

[0058] In step S2, further comprising:

[0059] Execute step S21: set the test parameters in the filling process, including but not limited to casting temperature, filling pressure, cooling rate, and active exhaust flow rate; for example, according to different filling conditions, such as different filling speeds and filling pressures, explore the influence of the parameters on the filling behavior and casting quality.

[0060] Execute step S22: adjust the cooling system of the mold, such as the flow rate of cooling water and cooling time, to control the temperature field distribution of the mold during the casting process. Ensure that these settings can be implemented in the existing mold system to adapt to different test requirements.

[0061] In step S3, further comprising:

[0062] Execute step S31: during the low-pressure casting process, record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time to analyze the filling process under different conditions and the influence of temperature and pressure on the casting quality;

[0063] Execute step S32: analyze the collected temperature and pressure data, determine the changes in the mold temperature field and pressure field under different filling conditions, and evaluate the impact of the changes on the filling quality, internal structure and surface accuracy of the casting.

[0064] In step S4, further comprising:

[0065] Execute step S41: cut standard specimens from wheels cast under different test conditions and perform mechanical property tests to evaluate the influence of the filling process on the mechanical properties of the casting; the mechanical property tests include but are not limited to tensile strength, yield strength and elongation tests.

[0066] Step S42 is performed: using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to analyze the microstructure of the sample and evaluate the influence of different filling conditions on the internal quality of the casting. The microstructure includes but is not limited to grain size, micro defects and pore distribution.

[0067] In step S5, further comprising:

[0068] Execute step S51: according to the test results, adjust and optimize the low-pressure casting process parameters to improve the mechanical properties and microstructure quality of the casting; the adjustment and optimization of the low-pressure casting process parameters include but are not limited to adjusting the filling speed, filling pressure or modifying the settings of the cooling system.

[0069] Execute step S52: prepare a detailed test report, analyze and summarize the specific effects of different filling conditions on casting performance and quality, and feed back to the production process to improve and optimize the casting process, thereby improving the overall quality and production efficiency of the aluminum wheel.

[0070] As a person skilled in the art can easily know, the low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels described in the present invention sets temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points, and combines a data acquisition and analysis system to monitor the temperature distribution, pressure changes and metal flow behavior during the filling process in real time, and further combines the mold active exhaust technology to ensure the stability and consistency of the filling, thereby significantly improving the quality of castings and reducing the defect rate.

[0071] In summary, the low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels of the present invention sets temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points, and combines a data acquisition and analysis system to monitor the temperature distribution, pressure changes and metal flow behavior in the filling process in real time, and further combines the mold active exhaust technology to ensure the stability and consistency of the filling, thereby significantly improving the quality of castings and reducing the defect rate.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, if any modification or variation falls within the scope of protection of the appended claims and equivalents, it is considered that the present invention covers these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel, comprising a bottom mold, a top mold and a side mold, characterized in that: The top mold is used in conjunction with the bottom mold to form an upper contour of the casting, and a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged in the upper contour. The side mold is used in conjunction with the bottom mold and the top mold, and a plurality of temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and a cooling system are arranged on the side walls of the side mold, and the temperature monitoring points, pressure monitoring points and the cooling system are all electrically connected to the control system of the low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels.

2. The low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring point and the pressure monitoring point are respectively a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

3. The low-pressure casting filling process control device for aluminum wheels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring point is a K-type thermocouple.

4. The low-pressure casting filling process control device for an aluminum wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring point, the pressure monitoring point and the cooling system are arranged at at least one of the aluminum liquid flow path of the mold, the mold contact surface, and the rim and the spoke.

5. A method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control method comprises: Execute step S1: install temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points at key positions of the aluminum wheel low-pressure casting filling process control device, and calibrate the system; Execute step S2: define the test parameters during the filling process and adjust the casting conditions; Execute step S3: record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time, and perform analysis and evaluation; Execute step S4: verify the casting quality and perform mechanical property test; Execute step S5: Feedback to production based on the test results to optimize the production process in real time.

6. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, it further includes: Execute step S11: use a low-pressure casting mold, set temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points in the mold, and the sensors of the temperature monitoring points and pressure monitoring points are distributed at key positions of the mold to monitor changes in temperature and pressure during the casting process; Execute step S12: calibrate the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor in the mold to ensure the accuracy of data collection and the reliability of the system.

7. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, further comprising: Execute step S21: set test parameters during the filling process; Execute step S22: adjust the cooling system of the mold to control the temperature field distribution of the mold during the casting process.

8. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test parameters during the filling process are casting temperature, filling pressure, cooling rate, and active exhaust flow rate.

9. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: Adjusting the cooling system of the mold is to adjust the flow rate of cooling water and cooling time.

10. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, further comprising: Execute step S31: during the low-pressure casting process, record the temperature-time curve of the temperature sensor and the pressure-time curve of the pressure sensor in real time to analyze the filling process under different conditions and the influence of temperature and pressure on the casting quality; Execute step S32: analyze the collected temperature and pressure data, determine the changes in the mold temperature field and pressure field under different filling conditions, and evaluate the impact of the changes on the filling quality, internal structure and surface accuracy of the casting.

11. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, further comprising: Executing step S41: cutting standard specimens from wheels cast under different test conditions and performing mechanical property tests to evaluate the influence of the filling process on the mechanical properties of the castings; Execute step S42: use an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to analyze the microstructure of the sample and evaluate the influence of different filling conditions on the internal quality of the casting.

12. The method for controlling the filling process of low-pressure casting of an aluminum wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, further comprising: Execute step S51: adjust and optimize the low-pressure casting process parameters according to the test results to improve the mechanical properties and microstructure quality of the casting; Execute step S52: prepare a detailed test report, analyze and summarize the specific effects of different filling conditions on casting performance and quality, and feed back to the production process to improve and optimize the casting process, thereby improving the overall quality and production efficiency of the aluminum wheel.

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