High-precision hole milling device with adjustable eccentricity and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision eccentricity-adjustable hole milling device and a using method thereof. The device comprises a cutter 1, an output shaft, a main shaft 2, an inner sleeve 3, an outer sleeve 8, a sleeve shell 7 and three transmission mechanisms. According to the device, three independent transmission systems are used for achieving rotation, revolution and feeding motion of a cutter, and the eccentric position of the cutter is accurately controlled by combining the piezoelectric micro-displacement technology. The first motor drives the outer sleeve to rotate around the axis of the outer sleeve, the second motor drives the spindle to rotate at a high speed for cutting, and the third motor controls the lead screw to complete axial movement of the tool. And the built-in conductive slip ring ensures stable power supply of the rotating part. The design is particularly suitable for precision machining tasks needing to flexibly and accurately control the cutting path, and excellent operation flexibility and machining precision are provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision manufacturing, and in particular to a high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, especially in high-end fields such as aerospace, shipbuilding, and the automotive industry, the requirements for machining accuracy and efficiency have reached unprecedented heights. Although traditional milling equipment can complete basic hole machining tasks, it often shows obvious limitations when faced with complex geometries and high precision requirements. For example:

[0003] Traditional milling machines: Traditional vertical or horizontal milling machines mainly rely on fixed tool paths, which makes it difficult to achieve complex spiral milling movements, especially when stable eccentricity control is required, and the processing accuracy is insufficient.

[0004] CNC machine tools: Although CNC machine tools can be programmed to achieve more complex machining paths, their flexibility is limited. Adjusting the tool position and eccentricity usually requires a long preparation time and professional skills, and is costly.

[0005] Special milling equipment: Although some special milling equipment designed for specific applications can meet certain high-precision requirements, they are usually customized for fixed places, are bulky, and inconvenient to move, which limits their application scenarios.

[0006] In addition, existing equipment is usually unable to flexibly adjust tool paths to suit specific processing requirements when processing different materials and structures, resulting in low processing efficiency and unstable product quality. Especially in the on-site processing of large parts, the lack of portability and flexibility has become a bottleneck restricting efficient production.

[0007] With the advancement of the concept of Industry 4.0 and technological progress, the market demand for portable, high-precision, and multifunctional milling tools is growing. Especially in the manufacturing process of key components such as aircraft engine blades, marine propellers, and automobile engine blocks, a milling device that can accurately control the cutting path and depth is needed to ensure the high quality and reliability of the product. However, there is currently a lack of a solution on the market that can both guarantee high precision and provide flexible operation, especially in terms of portability and adaptability.

[0008] The following are some application scenarios that have strict requirements for precision machining:

[0009] Aerospace: Aircraft parts such as turbine blades and fuselage frames require extremely high processing accuracy. Any slight error may lead to performance degradation or safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to use equipment that can achieve high-precision processing of complex geometric shapes. In addition, the aviation industry also requires equipment with good portability and adaptability to facilitate maintenance and repair work on site.

[0010] Shipbuilding: The processing of ship propellers and other key components also requires high precision and stability to ensure the safety and efficiency of navigation. Large ship construction sites usually have limited space, requiring processing equipment to not only have excellent processing capabilities but also be easy to transport and install. Portable high-precision milling devices can significantly improve production efficiency and reduce additional costs caused by equipment handling.

[0011] Automobile manufacturing: The machining accuracy of core components such as engine blocks and transmission housings directly affects the overall performance of the vehicle. Efficient and accurate milling tools can not only improve production efficiency, but also improve product quality and reduce the defective rate. In addition, in the repair and modification market, the advantages of portable equipment are particularly obvious, which can quickly respond to customer needs and shorten the repair cycle.

[0012] Mold manufacturing: Molds are important tools in industrial production, and their precision directly determines the quality of the final product. In the mold manufacturing process, complex shapes often need to be finely processed, which requires milling equipment to be able to achieve multi-angle and multi-level processing in a small space while maintaining high precision.

[0013] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop a portable high-precision milling device that integrates multi-axis motion control and piezoelectric micro-displacement technology to meet the special needs of these high-end manufacturing fields. This type of equipment should not only provide excellent processing accuracy, but also have good operational flexibility and adaptability to facilitate use in various complex environments. By realizing the precise rotation, revolution and feed motion control of the tool, combined with the real-time adjustable eccentricity adjustment function, such an invention will bring revolutionary changes to the field of precision machining and significantly improve the machining quality and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0014] The present invention integrates three independent transmission systems with piezoelectric micro-displacement technology to achieve precise rotation, revolution and feed motion control of the tool, significantly improving processing accuracy and flexibility. Specific beneficial effects include high-precision processing, enhanced operational flexibility, improved stability and versatility, and are particularly suitable for application scenarios with strict requirements on processing accuracy and efficiency. We understand your needs. The following is the "Content of the Invention" section modified according to your requirements. The text of the original claim is retained, only the numerical labels and the words "characterized in that" are removed, and a supplementary description of the effects is added:

[0015] The present invention provides a portable spiral milling unit, comprising:

[0016] Knives;

[0017] The output shaft comprises a main shaft and an inner sleeve, wherein the main shaft is sleeved in the inner hole of the inner sleeve through a main shaft bearing to form a coaxial structure;

[0018] The outer sleeve has an outer cylindrical surface axis and an inner hole axis of the outer sleeve with a fixed eccentricity e0, the output shaft is installed in the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is installed in the sleeve housing through a sliding bearing, allowing the outer sleeve to rotate; this design enables the tool to maintain high precision and stability when performing complex spiral milling actions.

[0019] A sleeve housing, used for accommodating and supporting the outer sleeve;

[0020] The first transmission mechanism is used to drive the main shaft to rotate, and comprises a second motor, which is connected to the main shaft input end through a main shaft coupling and is installed on a motor fixing seat in the inner hole of the outer sleeve.

[0021] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the output shaft is an eccentric structure relative to the outer sleeve, that is, the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve and the axis of the inner hole of the outer sleeve have a fixed eccentricity e0; at the same time, an adjustable eccentricity e0 can be generated between the outer cylindrical surface of the output shaft and the inner hole wall of the outer sleeve through a piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism. n , by comparing e0 and e n The superposition and control of the two eccentrics enables flexible eccentric adjustment. This eccentric design enables the tool to form a specific cutting path when rotating, which is very important for certain types of processing.

[0022] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the first transmission mechanism includes a second motor, which is connected to the spindle input end through a spindle coupling and is installed on a motor fixing seat in the inner hole of the outer sleeve.

[0023] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the second transmission mechanism is composed of a first motor, a planetary reducer, a first synchronous toothed belt wheel, and a second synchronous toothed belt wheel, and is used to drive the outer sleeve to rotate around its own axis. The output end of the first motor is assembled with the input end of the planetary reducer, the first synchronous toothed belt wheel is installed at the output end of the planetary reducer, and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel is assembled with the input end of the outer sleeve. The reducer transmits power to the outer sleeve through a synchronous toothed belt. The selection of a planetary reducer helps to reduce the speed and increase the torque, and is suitable for application scenarios that require stable and powerful rotational motion.

[0024] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the third transmission mechanism includes a third motor and a lead screw to realize the axial feed movement of the tool, the latter is used in conjunction with the lead screw nut on the translation plate, the third motor is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing, and its output end is connected to the lead screw through a lead screw coupling, one end of the lead screw is mounted in the mounting hole of the lead screw support seat, and the other end is sleeved in the lead screw nut, the lead screw support seat is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing, and the lead screw nut is mounted on the translation plate. The lead screw support seat provides additional support to ensure that the lead screw can run smoothly. This mechanism is designed to accurately control the feed speed and position of the tool, which has a direct impact on the processing quality and efficiency.

[0025] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the outer side of the input end of the outer sleeve is connected to the translation plate through a revolving bearing, so that the outer sleeve can rotate around its axis, ensuring smooth and unobstructed rotation of the outer sleeve.

[0026] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the device further comprises a guide shaft, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the sleeve housing, and the other end is sleeved in a linear bearing, the linear bearing is mounted on the translation plate, and the guide shaft is used to keep the translation plate in a vertical state, that is, it can only move parallel to the tool axis direction but cannot rotate. This design ensures the stability and movement accuracy of the translation plate and improves the overall processing quality.

[0027] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the outer side of the output end of the sleeve housing is fixed to the housing through a flange, and handles are installed on both sides of the housing to facilitate operators to carry and position the equipment, thereby improving convenience of use.

[0028] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is composed of three piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices at both ends of the inner sleeve, which are respectively located at the three equal points of the outer cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve, and are used to adjust the position and parallelism of the main axis, and to achieve the eccentricity e n Piezoelectric materials produce very small but precise displacements when a voltage is applied, making them ideal for applications that require fine adjustment.

[0029] For the technical solution described above, it is further preferred that: the conductive slip ring includes a fixed part and a rotating part, the rotating part is fixed on the outer sleeve and rotates coaxially with the outer sleeve, and the fixed part is fixed on the outer shell, and the conductive slip ring is used to supply power to the second motor to keep the second motor working normally during the rotation process. The conductive slip ring ensures stable and reliable power supply of the rotating parts, reduces the failure rate, and improves work efficiency.

[0030] The present invention also discloses a method for using the portable spiral milling unit, which comprises the following steps:

[0031] 1. Initial Setup:

[0032] The outer sleeve is installed in the sleeve housing and is ensured to rotate freely by a sliding bearing.

[0033] The main shaft and inner sleeve are installed, and their rotational freedom is ensured by the main shaft bearing.

[0034] The second motor is mounted on the motor fixing seat in the outer sleeve and connected to the main shaft input end through the main shaft coupling.

[0035] The first motor, the planetary reducer, the first synchronous toothed belt wheel and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel are assembled and installed to form a second transmission mechanism for driving the outer sleeve to rotate.

[0036] The third motor is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing and connected to the lead screw through a lead screw coupling. The lead screw cooperates with the lead screw nut on the translation plate to form a third transmission mechanism for the axial feed movement of the tool.

[0037] 2. Eccentricity adjustment:

[0038] The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is used to adjust the eccentricity of the output shaft relative to the outer sleeve. n , combined with the fixed eccentricity e0, the required total eccentricity e=e0+e n This step ensures that the tool can form a specific cutting path when rotating, which is suitable for different types of processing requirements.

[0039] 3. Startup and operation:

[0040] The second motor is started to drive the main shaft to rotate through the main shaft coupling, thereby realizing the rotary cutting of the tool.

[0041] The first motor is started to drive the outer sleeve to rotate around its own axis and the tool to revolve through the planetary reducer and the synchronous toothed belt system, thereby realizing the cutting rotation of the tool.

[0042] The third motor is started to drive the translation plate to move parallel to the axis direction of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve through the action of the lead screw, thereby realizing the axial feed movement of the tool.

[0043] 4. Monitoring and adjustment:

[0044] During the machining process, the working status of each transmission mechanism is monitored and adjusted in real time as needed to ensure that the rotation, revolution and feed motion of the tool are coordinated and consistent to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0045] According to the requirements of specific processing tasks, the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is adjusted in time to adapt to different processing conditions and keep the eccentricity of the tool stable.

[0046] 5.Safe shutdown and maintenance:

[0047] After the processing is completed, the third motor, the first motor and the second motor are turned off in sequence to ensure that all moving parts stop running.

[0048] Perform regular inspection and maintenance on the equipment to ensure safety and reliability the next time it is used.

[0049] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0050] High-precision machining: By precisely adjusting the eccentricity of the tool, the accuracy of complex spiral milling paths is ensured, making it suitable for high-demand precision machining tasks.

[0051] Operational flexibility: The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism allows flexible adjustment of the tool position to meet different processing requirements and expand the application range of the equipment.

[0052] Enhanced stability: The stable conductive slip ring design ensures the power supply of the rotating parts during the working process, reduces the failure rate and improves the working efficiency.

[0053] Versatility: The portable design combined with multi-axis motion control makes the device suitable not only for use in fixed locations, but also for mobile operations, meeting the needs of a variety of processing scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner and outer sleeves and the internal eccentric displacement structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-precision adjustable eccentricity hole milling device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Among them, 1. tool, 2. spindle, 3. inner sleeve, 4. spindle bearing, 5. piezoelectric micro displacement mechanism, 6. sliding bearing, 7. sleeve housing, 8. outer sleeve, 9. first motor, 10. guide shaft, 11. planetary reducer, 12. translation plate, 13. linear bearing, 14. revolution bearing, 15. first synchronous toothed pulley, 16. second synchronous toothed pulley, 17. conductive slip ring, 18. second motor, 19. motor fixing seat, 20. spindle coupling, 21. lead screw, 22. lead screw nut, 23. handle, 24. lead screw support seat, 25. lead screw coupling, 26. motor support seat, 27. third motor, 28. housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device, comprising: a tool 1, an output shaft, an outer sleeve 8, a sleeve housing 7 and a plurality of transmission mechanisms for providing power, wherein there is an eccentricity between the axis of the output shaft and the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8, the tool 1 is connected to the output side of the output shaft, the output shaft is installed in the outer sleeve 8, the outer sleeve 8 is installed in the sleeve housing 7 through a sliding bearing 6, and the outer sleeve 8 is allowed to rotate; the input side of the outer sleeve 8 is connected with a second transmission mechanism and a third transmission mechanism, the first transmission mechanism is used to drive the spindle 2 in the output shaft to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the tool 1. The second transmission mechanism is used to drive the outer sleeve 8 to rotate relative to the sleeve housing 7, so as to complete the rotation of the tool 1 around the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8, and the third transmission mechanism is used to drive the outer sleeve 8 to move forward and backward relative to the axis direction of the sleeve housing 7, so as to complete the feeding motion of the tool 1. Such a design ensures that the tool 1 can perform complex spiral milling actions while maintaining high precision and stability.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the output shaft includes a main shaft 2, an inner sleeve 3 and a first transmission mechanism. The main shaft 2 and the inner sleeve 3 are coaxial structures. The main shaft 2 is sleeved in the inner hole of the inner sleeve 3 through a main shaft bearing 4 to ensure its rotational freedom. The output shaft is an eccentric structure relative to the outer sleeve 8, that is, the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8 and the axis of the inner hole of the outer sleeve 8 have a certain eccentricity e0. At the same time, a certain eccentricity e0 can be generated between the outer cylindrical surface of the output shaft, that is, the outer cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve 3 and the inner hole wall of the outer sleeve 8 by controlling the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism 5. n , by comparing e0 and e n The superimposed application and control of the two eccentricities can realize a more flexible eccentricity control technology. This eccentricity design enables the tool 1 to form a specific cutting path when rotating, which is very important for certain types of processing.

[0061] The first transmission mechanism includes a second motor 18, which is connected to the input end of the spindle 2 through a spindle coupling 20, and directly drives the spindle 2 to rotate, thereby driving the tool 1 to perform cutting work. The second motor 18 is installed on a motor fixing seat 19 in the inner hole of the outer sleeve 8.

[0062] The second transmission mechanism is composed of a first motor 9, a planetary reducer 11, a first synchronous toothed belt wheel 15, and a second synchronous toothed belt wheel 16, and is used to drive the outer sleeve 8 to rotate around its own axis. The output end of the first motor 9 is assembled with the input end of the planetary reducer 11, the first synchronous toothed belt wheel 15 is mounted on the output end of the planetary reducer 11, and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel 16 is assembled with the input end of the outer sleeve 8. The reducer transmits power to the outer sleeve 8 through a synchronous toothed belt. The selection of the planetary reducer 11 helps to reduce the speed and increase the torque, and is suitable for application scenarios that require stable and powerful rotational motion.

[0063] The third transmission mechanism includes a third motor 27 and a lead screw 21, which are used to realize the axial feed movement of the tool 1. The latter is used in conjunction with the lead screw nut 22 on the translation plate 12. The third motor 27 is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing 7, and its output end is connected to the lead screw 21 through a lead screw coupling 25. One end of the lead screw 21 is mounted in the mounting hole of the lead screw support seat 24, and the other end is sleeved in the lead screw nut 22. The lead screw support seat 24 is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing 7, and the lead screw nut 22 is mounted on the translation plate 12. The lead screw support seat 24 provides additional support to ensure that the lead screw 21 can run smoothly. This mechanism is designed to accurately control the feed speed and position of the tool 1, which has a direct impact on the processing quality and efficiency.

[0064] The outer side of the input end of the outer sleeve 8 is connected to the translation plate 12 through a revolving bearing 14 .

[0065] The planetary reducer 11 of the second transmission mechanism and the lead screw nut 22 of the third transmission mechanism are both connected to the translation plate 12 via connecting members.

[0066] A second synchronous toothed pulley 16 is installed at the input end of the outer sleeve 8, and the second synchronous toothed pulley 16 is connected to the first synchronous toothed pulley 15 installed at the output end of the second transmission mechanism through a toothed belt to realize power transmission from the second transmission mechanism to the outer sleeve 8, thereby driving the outer sleeve 8 to rotate axially.

[0067] The device also includes a guide shaft 10, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the sleeve housing 7, and the other end is sleeved in a linear bearing 13. The linear bearing 13 is mounted on a translation plate 12. The guide shaft is used to keep the translation plate 12 in a vertical state, that is, it can only move parallel to the axis direction of the tool 1 but cannot rotate.

[0068] The outer side of the output end of the sleeve housing 7 is fixed to the housing 28 via a flange, and handles 23 are installed on both sides of the housing 28.

[0069] The specific method of using the present invention is as follows: adjust the eccentricity e of the tool 1 relative to the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8. Specifically, the spiral milling unit is equipped with an outer sleeve 8 with a fixed eccentricity and a piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism 5 with adjustable eccentricity. The eccentricity between the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8 and the axis of the inner hole of the output end of the outer sleeve 8 is e0. The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism 5 adjusts the eccentricity between the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the output shaft and the axis of the inner hole of the outer sleeve 8 to e n , to obtain the required eccentricity value e = e0 + e n .

[0070] The eccentricity adjustment of the tool 1 relative to the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8 is achieved by changing the setting of the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism 5. The user can adjust the eccentricity according to specific needs to adapt to different processing tasks. This function gives the device greater flexibility and makes it suitable for a variety of processing conditions.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is composed of three piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices at three equal points on both ends of the outer cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve. The three piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices at one end are used to ensure the parallelism of the spindle when it is installed, and the other three piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices are used to adjust the eccentricity of the spindle. n .

[0072] Working principle of piezoelectric micro displacement mechanism: piezoelectric or electrostrictive device No. 1 is loaded in the vertical direction, and piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices No. 2 and No. 3 are respectively located at the points of three equal divisions of the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft. In the initial state, the adjustment stroke of piezoelectric or electrostrictive device No. 1 is x, and the stroke of piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices No. 2 and No. 3 is 2x, where x is the height to be adjusted, or the required eccentricity e n .

[0073] The working principle of the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism 5 involves six piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices, which are divided into two groups of three at each end of the inner sleeve, and are located at the trisection points at both ends of the outer cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve. By adjusting the expansion and contraction of these devices, the position and parallelism of the main axis can be indirectly controlled. Piezoelectric materials produce very small but precise displacements when a voltage is applied, which is very suitable for applications that require fine adjustment.

[0074] e0 refers to the fixed eccentricity between the outer cylindrical axis of the outer sleeve 8 and the inner cylindrical axis

[0075] en is the eccentricity between the axis of the inner sleeve 3 and the inner circle axis of the outer sleeve 8 which can be adjusted by the piezoelectric micro displacement mechanism 5 .

[0076] The conductive slip ring 17 includes a fixed part and a rotating part. The rotating part is fixed on the outer sleeve 8 and rotates coaxially with the outer sleeve 8. The fixed part is fixed on the outer shell. The conductive slip ring 17 is used to supply power to the second motor 20 to keep the second motor 20 working normally during the rotation process.

[0077] The working principle of the revolution motion of the high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device is as follows: the first motor 9 drives the outer sleeve 8 to rotate relative to the sleeve housing 7 and the translation plate 12 through the action of the planetary reducer 11 and the first synchronous toothed pulley 15 and the second synchronous toothed pulley 16. When the outer sleeve 8 and the inner sleeve 3 remain relatively stationary, the eccentricity of the tool 1 relative to the outer cylindrical surface of the output end of the outer sleeve 8 remains constant e, thereby realizing the revolution motion of the tool 1.

[0078] The working principle of the feed movement of the high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device is as follows: the third motor 27 drives the movable plate 12 to move parallel to the axis direction of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8 through the action of the screw 21, and then drives the outer sleeve 8 to move parallel to the axis direction relative to the sleeve shell 7, thereby realizing the axial feed movement of the tool 1.

[0079] The working principle of the rotation of the spindle 2 of the high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device is as follows: the second motor 18 drives the spindle 2 to rotate through the spindle coupling 20 .

[0080] In order to make it easier to understand the specific functions of each transmission mechanism, the following is a detailed description of the "first transmission mechanism", "second transmission mechanism" and "third transmission mechanism" according to the main movement type they are responsible for1:

[0081] First transmission mechanism (rotational motion)

[0082] Function: The first transmission mechanism is mainly responsible for driving the rotation of the spindle 2, thereby driving the tool 1 to perform cutting work. Specifically, it is composed of a second motor 18, which is directly connected to the input end of the spindle 2 through a spindle coupling 20. When the second motor 18 is running, it transmits power to the spindle 2 through the coupling 20, so that the spindle 2 and the tool 1 thereon can rotate at high speed to complete rotary milling.

[0083] Components: Second motor 18, spindle coupling 20

[0084] Installation position: The second motor 18 is installed on the motor fixing seat 19 inside the outer sleeve 8.

[0085] Function: Provide the rotational power required by tool 1 to ensure high efficiency and stability during the machining process.

[0086] Second transmission mechanism (revolution motion)

[0087] Function: The task of the second transmission mechanism is to realize the rotation of the outer sleeve 8 relative to the sleeve housing 7 and the translation plate 12, and indirectly drive the tool 1 to "revolve". This action allows the tool 1 to orbit around the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve 8, which is essential for forming a spiral milling hole. The mechanism includes a first motor 9, a planetary reducer 11, and a pair of synchronous toothed pulleys (a first synchronous toothed pulley 15 and a second synchronous toothed pulley 16).

[0088] Components: first motor 9, planetary reducer 11, first synchronous toothed belt wheel 15, second synchronous toothed belt wheel 16

[0089] Installation position: The first motor 9 is located on one side of the outer sleeve 8 and is connected to the first synchronous toothed belt wheel 15 through the planetary reducer 11; the latter is then connected to the second synchronous toothed belt wheel 16 via a toothed belt, and the latter is fixed on the input end of the outer sleeve 8.

[0090] Function: By controlling the speed of the first motor 9, the rotation speed of the outer sleeve 8 can be accurately controlled, thereby controlling the revolution speed of the tool 1.

[0091] The third transmission mechanism (feed motion)

[0092] Function: The third transmission mechanism is designed to control the forward and backward movement of the outer sleeve 8 along its axial direction, that is, the "feed" movement. This longitudinal displacement is very important for determining the degree to which the tool 1 cuts into the material, and directly affects the processing depth and quality. This mechanism consists of a third motor 27 and a lead screw 21, wherein the third motor 27 is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing 7 and drives the lead screw 21 to rotate through the lead screw coupling 25, while the lead screw nut 22 is mounted on the translation plate 12 and moves along the linear guide rail as the lead screw 21 rotates, ultimately driving the entire outer sleeve 8 together with the tool 1 to move forward or backward.

[0093] Components: third motor 27, lead screw 21, lead screw nut 22, lead screw coupling 25, lead screw support seat 24

[0094] Installation position: The third motor 27 and the screw support seat 24 are both fixed on the sleeve housing 7, and the screw nut 22 is connected to the translation plate 12.

[0095] Function: Provide axial feed power for tool 1 to ensure accurate control of cutting depth and speed during machining.

[0096] The method for using the portable spiral milling unit comprises the following steps:

[0097] The outer sleeve is installed in the sleeve housing, and the sliding bearing is used to ensure that the outer sleeve can rotate freely. The spindle and the inner sleeve are installed, and the spindle bearing is used to ensure their rotational freedom. The second motor is installed on the motor fixing seat in the outer sleeve and connected to the spindle input end through the spindle coupling. The first motor, the planetary reducer, the first synchronous toothed belt wheel, and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel are installed in combination to form a second transmission mechanism for driving the outer sleeve to rotate. The third motor is installed horizontally on the sleeve housing and connected to the lead screw through the lead screw coupling. The lead screw cooperates with the lead screw nut on the translation plate to form a third transmission mechanism for the axial feed movement of the tool. The sliding bearing between the outer sleeve and the sleeve housing provides a low-friction rotation support to ensure that the outer sleeve can rotate smoothly around its axis. The spindle and the inner sleeve are connected through the spindle bearing to ensure that the spindle can rotate freely in the inner sleeve, reduce vibration and improve machining accuracy. The second motor directly drives the spindle to rotate through the spindle coupling to ensure efficient and stable power transmission. The planetary reducer reduces the speed and increases the torque, and the synchronous toothed belt wheel system ensures smooth and accurate power transmission. The third motor drives the screw to rotate through the screw coupling, driving the translation plate to move along the linear guide rail to achieve axial feeding of the tool. The screw design ensures high-precision position control.

[0098] The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is used to adjust the eccentricity of the output shaft relative to the outer sleeve. n , combined with the fixed eccentricity e0, the required total eccentricity e=e0+e n This step ensures that the tool can form a specific cutting path when rotating, which is suitable for different types of processing requirements. The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism uses the precise displacement generated by the piezoelectric material after the voltage is applied to achieve fine-tuning of the output shaft relative to the outer sleeve, so that the tool can flexibly adjust its working position to adapt to different processing conditions, which is particularly important for the processing of complex surfaces and precision parts.

[0099] Start the second motor, and drive the spindle to rotate through the spindle coupling to realize the cutting action of the tool. Start the first motor, and drive the outer sleeve to rotate around its own axis through the planetary reducer and the synchronous toothed belt system to complete the orbital motion of the tool. Start the third motor, and drive the translation plate to move parallel to the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve through the action of the lead screw, thereby realizing the axial feed motion of the tool. As the power source of the spindle, the second motor provides the ability to rotate at high speed to ensure that the tool performs efficient cutting operations. The first motor drives the outer sleeve to rotate through the planetary reducer and the synchronous toothed belt system to realize the orbital motion of the tool, improving the stability and accuracy of the rotation. The third motor drives the translation plate to perform axial feed through the lead screw to ensure that the tool can accurately cut into the material during the processing process. The lead screw design provides high-precision position control.

[0100] During the processing, the working status of each transmission mechanism is monitored and adjusted in real time as needed to ensure the coordination of the rotation, revolution and feed motion of the tool. According to the needs of the specific processing task, the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism is adjusted in time to adapt to different processing conditions and keep the eccentricity of the tool stable. Real-time monitoring and adjustment of the working status of the transmission mechanism is the key to ensuring processing quality. Through sensors and control systems, the operating parameters of each part, such as speed, torque, position, etc., are monitored, and dynamic adjustments are made according to actual conditions. This can not only maintain the movement accuracy of the tool, but also detect and eliminate potential faults in time, and extend the service life of the equipment. The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism can flexibly adjust the eccentricity of the tool according to the requirements of the processing task, ensuring that it always remains in the best working state, optimizing the cutting path, and improving processing efficiency and product quality.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device, characterized in that: include: Knife (1); The output shaft comprises a main shaft (2) and an inner sleeve (3), wherein the main shaft (2) is sleeved in the inner hole of the inner sleeve (3) via a main shaft bearing (4) to form a coaxial structure; An outer sleeve (8), wherein the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve (8) and the axis of the inner hole of the outer sleeve (8) have a fixed eccentricity e0, the output shaft is mounted in the outer sleeve (8), and the outer sleeve (8) is mounted in the sleeve housing (7) via a sliding bearing (6); A sleeve housing (7) for accommodating and supporting an outer sleeve (8); A first transmission mechanism, used for driving the main shaft (2) to rotate, comprising a second motor (18), the motor being connected to the input end of the main shaft (2) via a main shaft coupling (20) and being mounted on a motor fixing seat (19) in the inner hole of the outer sleeve (8); A second transmission mechanism, comprising a first motor (9), a planetary reducer (11), a first synchronous toothed belt pulley (15), and a second synchronous toothed belt pulley (16), and is used to drive the outer sleeve (8) to rotate around its own axis; The third transmission mechanism comprises a third motor (27) and a lead screw (21), and is used to realize the axial feed movement of the tool (1), wherein the third motor (27) is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing (7), and its output end is connected to the lead screw (21) through a lead screw coupling (25), and the lead screw (21) is used in conjunction with a lead screw nut (22) on the translation plate (12).

2. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft is an eccentric structure relative to the outer sleeve (8), that is, the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve (8) and the axis of the inner hole of the outer sleeve (8) have a fixed eccentricity e0; at the same time, an adjustable eccentricity e0 can be generated between the outer cylindrical surface of the output shaft and the inner hole wall of the outer sleeve (8) through a piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism (5). n .

3. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second motor (18) of the first transmission mechanism is coaxially mounted with the main shaft (2).

4. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the first motor (9) of the second transmission mechanism is assembled with the input end of the planetary reducer (11), the first synchronous toothed belt wheel (15) is mounted on the output end of the planetary reducer (11), and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel (16) is assembled with the input end of the outer sleeve (8), and power is transmitted to the outer sleeve (8) through the synchronous toothed belt, thereby realizing the orbital motion of the outer sleeve (8).

5. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third motor (27) of the third transmission mechanism is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing (7), and its output end is connected to the screw (21) through a screw coupling (25); one end of the screw (21) is mounted in a mounting hole of a screw support seat (24), and the other end is sleeved in a screw nut (22); the screw support seat (24) is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing (7), and the screw nut (22) is mounted on the translation plate (12), so as to realize the axial feed movement of the tool (1).

6. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the input end of the outer sleeve (8) is connected to the translation plate (12) via a revolving bearing (14), so that the outer sleeve (8) can rotate around its axis.

7. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide shaft (10), one end of which is fixedly mounted on the sleeve housing (7) and the other end of which is sleeved in a linear bearing (13). The linear bearing (13) is mounted on the translation plate (12) and is used to keep the translation plate (12) in a vertical state so that it can only move parallel to the axis of the tool (1) but cannot rotate.

8. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism (5) is composed of three piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices at each end of the inner sleeve (3), which are respectively located at three equal points of the outer cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve (3) and are used to indirectly adjust the position and parallelism of the main shaft (2) and realize the eccentricity e n adjustments.

9. The high-precision adjustable eccentricity milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a conductive slip ring (17), comprising a fixed part and a rotating part, the rotating part is fixed to the outer sleeve (8) and rotates coaxially therewith, and the fixed part is fixed to the outer shell and is used to supply power to the second motor (18).

10. The method for using the portable spiral milling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Initial setup: The outer sleeve (8) is installed in the sleeve housing (7), and the outer sleeve (8) is ensured to rotate freely by means of a sliding bearing (6); Install the main shaft (2) and the inner sleeve (3), and ensure their rotational freedom through the main shaft bearing (4); The second motor (18) is mounted on a motor fixing seat (19) in the outer sleeve (8), and is connected to the input end of the main shaft (2) via a main shaft coupling (20); The first motor (9), the planetary reducer (11), the first synchronous toothed belt wheel (15), and the second synchronous toothed belt wheel (16) are assembled and installed to form a second transmission mechanism for driving the outer sleeve (8) to rotate; The third motor (27) is horizontally mounted on the sleeve housing (7) and connected to the lead screw (21) via a lead screw coupling (25); the lead screw (21) cooperates with the lead screw nut (22) on the translation plate (12) to form a third transmission mechanism for realizing the axial feed motion of the tool (1); Eccentricity adjustment: The piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism (5) is used to adjust the eccentricity e of the output shaft relative to the inner ring axis of the outer sleeve (8) n , combined with the fixed eccentricity e0, the required total eccentricity e=e0+e n ; This step ensures that the tool (1) can form a specific cutting path when rotating, which is suitable for different types of processing requirements; Startup and Operation: Starting the second motor (18) to drive the spindle (2) to rotate via the spindle coupling (20), thereby achieving the self-rotation of the tool (1); Starting the first motor (9) to drive the outer sleeve (8) to rotate around its own axis through the planetary reducer (11) and the synchronous toothed belt system, thereby completing the orbital cutting motion of the tool (1); The third motor (27) is started to drive the translation plate (12) to move parallel to the axis of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer sleeve (8) through the action of the lead screw (21), thereby realizing the axial feeding movement of the tool (1); Monitoring and Adjustment: During the machining process, the working status of each transmission mechanism is monitored and adjusted in real time as required to ensure that the rotation, revolution and feed motion of the tool (1) are coordinated and consistent; According to the requirements of a specific processing task, the piezoelectric micro-displacement mechanism (5) is adjusted in a timely manner to adapt to different processing conditions and to keep the eccentricity of the tool (1) stable.

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