Method and equipment for finely disassembling square shell or blade type single battery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, in particular to a fine disassembling method and equipment for a square shell or blade type single battery. The method comprises the following steps: vertically stacking a plurality of batteries to obtain a stacked body, wherein battery terminals in the stacked body are positioned at the longitudinal end part of the stacked body; conveying the stacked body to a saw cutting station, and cutting the two longitudinal ends of the stacked body by adopting a saw blade so as to cut off the two end surfaces of all the battery shells and the battery terminals of the whole stacked body together; the stacked body is conveyed to a laser cutting station, at least one transverse side face of the stacked body is cut through a laser cutting device, and a fracture penetrating through the longitudinal direction is cut in at least one side face of each battery shell; and separating the stacked body, and detaching the battery shells of the batteries from the fractures to expose the battery contents of the batteries. The fine disassembling method and equipment for the square shell or blade type single battery are high in cutting efficiency and low in equipment acquisition cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular to a refined disassembly method and equipment for square shell or blade-shaped single battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, the demand for electric energy storage is increasing, and the production and sales scale of batteries required for electric energy storage is also increasing. The careless disposal of worn-out batteries will cause damage to the environment, but recycling them has great value, so the battery recycling industry is booming.

[0003] At present, there are many types of batteries, and different types of batteries have different recycling methods. Among them, square shell or blade-type single cells have similar properties. They all include a battery shell, battery contents wrapped in the shell, and a battery terminal set at one end of the battery shell. In order to disassemble the square shell or blade-type single cell, it is necessary to remove its battery terminal, disassemble the battery shell, and finally take out the battery contents in the battery shell. For this reason, a lot of cutting work is required during disassembly.

[0004] Existing technologies such as Chinese invention patent ZL2024114145404 disclose a laser cutting device for battery recycling and a battery recycling method, which clamps the battery through an electric chuck and cooperates with laser cutting to cut the battery in a specific trajectory, so as to cut off the battery terminal and battery shell, making it convenient to remove the battery contents later. However, the above-mentioned cutting device has the following problems: the device can only cut one battery at a time, and a large amount of loading and unloading work is required in actual production. During the loading and unloading process, the device needs to be shut down, but since only one battery can be loaded and unloaded at a time, the loading and unloading process takes up a lot of time in the entire cutting process, which makes it difficult to improve the overall disassembly efficiency; in addition, the device needs to be equipped with a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm and a high-precision rotary electric chuck, which makes the equipment purchase cost high.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to improve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refined disassembly method and equipment for square shell or blade-type single battery, aiming to solve the problems of low disassembly efficiency and high equipment purchase cost in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a refined disassembly method for square shell or blade-type single battery, which method includes the following steps: S1, stacking multiple batteries vertically to obtain a stack, in which the battery terminals are all located at the longitudinal ends of the stack; S2, conveying the stack to a sawing station, using a saw to cut the longitudinal ends of the stack, so as to cut off the two end faces of all battery shells and the battery terminals of the entire stack together; S3, conveying the stack to a laser cutting station, using a laser cutting device to cut at least one of the horizontal sides of the stack, so as to cut a longitudinal fracture through at least one of the sides of each battery shell; S4, splitting the stack, and disassembling the battery shells of each battery from the fracture to expose the battery contents of each battery.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of batteries in the stack is more than 3.

[0009] Furthermore, in the laser cutting station, two laser cutting devices are used to cut the two lateral sides of the stacked body respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the method further includes step S11, in which the cutting position of the saw, the cutting path of the laser cutting device and the cutting power of the laser cutting device are planned by inputting the size parameters of the battery, the stacking quantity and the thickness of the battery shell.

[0011] The present invention also provides a refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-type single battery, which includes a frame, the frame is provided with a conveying device, and a loading station, a sawing station, a laser cutting station and a unloading station arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction are formed on the frame; the loading station is used to stack batteries to form a stack; the sawing station is provided with a saw blade, the saw blade is used to cut the two longitudinal ends of the stack, wherein the saw blade is in the horizontal direction relative to the cutting direction of the stack, so as to cut off the two end faces of all battery shells of the entire stack and the battery terminals together; the laser cutting station is provided with a laser cutting device, the laser cutting device is used to cut at least one of the transverse side surfaces of the battery, wherein the laser cutting device is in the longitudinal direction relative to the cutting direction of the stack, so as to cut a longitudinal fracture on at least one of the side surfaces of each battery shell respectively; the unloading station is used to unload the cut stack; the conveying device can convey the stack from the loading station to the sawing station, the laser cutting station and the unloading station in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the conveying device is provided with a sliding mechanism and a conveying clamp. The sliding mechanism is used to drive the conveying clamp to move laterally relative to the frame, and the conveying clamp is used to clamp the two lateral sides of the stacked body and drive the stacked body to move together; the conveying clamp can be raised and lowered, and when the stacked body is conveyed to the laser cutting station, the conveying clamp is lowered to avoid the laser cutting device.

[0013] Furthermore, the loading station is provided with an alignment mechanism, which is used to clamp the longitudinal sides of the stack so that all the batteries are aligned in the longitudinal direction; the sawing station is provided with two circular saws, which are respectively located at the longitudinal ends of the stack, and the two circular saws can approach and move away from each other to adjust their cutting positions relative to the stack, and the two circular saws can also move horizontally relative to the stack to cut the stack; the sawing station is provided with a first clamping mechanism, which is used to vertically clamp the stack at the sawing station.

[0014] Furthermore, a waste discharge port is arranged between the sawing station and the laser cutting station, and the sawing station is provided with a waste receiving table, which is used to receive the waste cut from the stacking body. The waste receiving table is also provided with a pushing structure, which is used to push the waste from the waste receiving table to the waste discharge port.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser cutting station is provided with two gantries, and two laser cutting devices are respectively installed on the two gantries by means of two three-way sliding modules, and the two laser cutting devices are respectively located on both sides of the stacking body in the horizontal direction; the laser cutting station is provided with a second clamping mechanism, and the second clamping mechanism is used to vertically clamp the stacking body on the laser cutting station.

[0016] The present invention provides a refined disassembly method for square shell or blade-type single battery, which first stacks multiple batteries to process multiple batteries in one batch; when cutting, the battery terminal is first cut off together with the two end faces of the battery shell by sawing, and the sawing efficiency is extremely high and the cutting speed is fast, and then the battery shell is cut by laser cutting, and the laser cutting can accurately control the cutting efficiency to ensure that only the battery shell is cut without damaging the battery contents; after the above two rounds of cutting, the battery shell can be disassembled through simple operations to take out the battery contents; compared with the prior art, this refined disassembly method for square shell or blade-type single battery has high cutting efficiency and low purchase cost of equipment for implementing the method; the disassembly equipment obtained based on this disassembly method also has the above advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stacked body; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the disassembly method of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the disassembly method of the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the disassembly device of the present invention; Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the disassembly device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial side view of the dismantling device of the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 01, stack; 011, battery; 012, end face; 013, side face; 014, terminal; 015, fracture; 1. Frame; 2. Conveying device; 21. Sliding mechanism; 22. Conveying clamp; 3. Loading station; 31. Alignment mechanism; 4. Sawing station; 41. Circular saw; 42. First clamping mechanism; 5. Laser cutting station; 51. Laser cutting device; 52. Gantry; 53. Three-way sliding module; 54. Second clamping mechanism; 6. Unloading station; 71. Waste discharge port; 72. Waste receiving platform; 73. Material pushing structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0020] In this embodiment, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when terms such as "set on", "connected", and "connected" appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or connected through one or more intermediate media. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The directional words that appear in this embodiment are to better illustrate the characteristics of the features and the relationship between the features. It should be understood that when the placement direction of this embodiment changes, the characteristics of the features and the direction of the relationship between the features also change accordingly. Therefore, the directional words do not constitute an absolute limitation on the characteristics of the features and the relationship between the features in space, but only play a relative limitation role.

[0021] The present invention provides a refined disassembly method for square shell or blade-shaped single battery, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Stack multiple batteries 011 vertically to obtain a stack 01, in which the battery terminals 014 are all located at the longitudinal ends of the stack 01. The structure of the stack 01 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a stack 01 is obtained by stacking multiple batteries 011 along the thickness direction of the battery 011. The two sides of the stack 01 in the transverse direction are side surfaces 013, and the two ends of the stack 01 in the longitudinal direction are end surfaces 012. The battery terminals 014 are all located on the end surfaces 012 of the stack 01. After the batteries are stacked, the stack 01 is obtained as shown in FIG. Figure 3The state shown in the first stack 01 in the stack 01. Preferably, the number of batteries 011 in the stack 01 is more than 3; stacking more batteries 011 can further improve the disassembly efficiency, and this disassembly method can be adapted to different numbers of batteries 011.

[0022] S2, the stack 01 is transferred to the sawing station 4, and the longitudinal ends of the stack 01 are cut with a saw blade to cut off the two end faces 012 of all battery shells of the entire stack 01 and the battery terminals 014, so as to obtain Figure 3 The state shown in the second stack 01 in the figure. Based on such steps, the battery shell of one end face 012 can be cut off together with the battery 011 electrons by using a saw. Since it is a removal-type cutting, there is no need to adjust the cutting depth. It is only necessary to adjust the position of the saw relative to the stack 01 and not to damage the battery contents. In specific production, saws are respectively set at both ends of the stack 01, so that the cutting of both ends of the stack 01 can be completed in a very short time.

[0023] S3, the stack 01 is transferred to the laser cutting station 5, and at least one of the transverse sides 013 of the stack 01 is cut by a laser cutting device 51, so as to cut a longitudinal fracture 015 through at least one of the side faces 013 of each battery shell, so as to obtain Figure 3 The state shown in the third stack 01 in the figure. In step S3, the battery shell of each battery 011 needs to be cut, and the cutting depth needs to be strictly controlled so as not to damage the battery contents, but the battery shell needs to be cut out of the fracture 015, and the fracture 015 must run through the longitudinal direction of the battery shell, which requires extremely high cutting accuracy; therefore, laser cutting is used in this step, and laser cutting can more accurately control the cutting depth, and the volume of the laser cutting device 51 is much smaller than that of the saw blade, and the light-weight laser cutting device 51 can be driven to move in a bow-shaped manner through a simple three-way sliding module 53 to walk out of the required cutting path, with high cutting efficiency and low equipment cost. Preferably, in the laser cutting station 5, two laser cutting devices 51 are used to cut the two horizontal sides 013 of the stack 01 respectively. After the fracture 015 running through the longitudinal direction is cut out on both sides 013 of the battery shell, the subsequent removal of the battery shell is less difficult and more efficient.

[0024] S4, disassemble the stack 01, and remove the battery shell of each battery 011 from the cut 015 to expose the battery contents of each battery 011. After the cutting of the above steps S2 and S3 is completed, only the two side surfaces 013, the top surface and the bottom surface of each battery 011 are covered with the battery shell, and because the remaining battery shell has been cut with the cut 015 running through it in the longitudinal direction, the staff or other disassembly equipment can easily break the remaining battery shell from the battery 011 from the cut 015 to expose the battery contents, and the disassembly of the battery 011 is completed.

[0025] In summary, the refined disassembly method of square shell or blade-type single battery has high cutting efficiency and the purchase cost of the equipment to implement the method is low.

[0026] Preferably, step S11 is also included, in which the cutting position of the saw, the cutting path of the laser cutting device 51 and the cutting power of the laser cutting device 51 are planned by inputting the size parameters of the battery 011 , the stacking quantity and the thickness of the battery casing.

[0027] The present invention also provides a refined disassembly device for square shell or blade-shaped single battery, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, it includes a frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with a conveying device 2, and a loading station 3, a sawing station 4, a laser cutting station 5 and a unloading station 6 are arranged in sequence in a transverse direction on the frame 1; the loading station 3 is used to stack batteries 011 to form a stack 01; the sawing station 4 is provided with a saw blade, and the saw blade is used to cut the two ends of the stack 01 in the longitudinal direction, wherein the saw blade is in the transverse direction relative to the cutting direction of the stack 01, so as to cut off the two end surfaces 012 of all battery shells of the entire stack 01 and the battery terminals 014 together; The laser cutting station 5 is provided with a laser cutting device 51, which is used to cut at least one of the transverse sides 013 of the battery 011, wherein the laser cutting device 51 is longitudinally oriented relative to the cutting direction of the stack 01, so as to cut a longitudinal fracture 015 through at least one of the sides 013 of each battery shell; the unloading station 6 is used for unloading the cut stack 01; the conveying device 2 can convey the stack 01 from the loading station 3 to the sawing station 4, the laser cutting station 5 and the unloading station 6 in sequence.

[0028] In this embodiment, the conveying device 2 is provided with a sliding mechanism 21 and a conveying clamp 22. The sliding mechanism 21 is used to drive the conveying clamp 22 to move horizontally relative to the frame 1. The conveying clamp 22 is used to clamp the two horizontal sides of the stack 01 and drive the stack 01 to move together; the conveying clamp 22 can be raised and lowered. When the stack 01 is conveyed to the laser cutting station 5, the conveying clamp 22 is lowered to avoid the laser cutting device 51. Based on the above structural setting, the conveying clamp 22 is not only used to convey the stack 01, but also can use its function of clamping the two sides of the stack 01 to align the batteries 011 in the stack 01 in the horizontal direction, thereby improving the accuracy of cutting; and when the stack 01 comes to the laser cutting station 5, the conveying clamp 22 is lowered to avoid hindering the cutting of the laser cutting device 51. Specifically, the conveying clamp 22 includes two claws, one of which can move in the direction of approaching and moving away from the other claw to adjust the size of the conveying clamp 22 and realize the function of aligning the batteries 011 in the stack 01 in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the conveying jaws 22 are installed on the sliding mechanism 21 by means of a lifting mechanism, and the lifting device can drive the sliding mechanism 21 to rise and fall. Preferably, a plurality of conveying jaws 22 are arranged on the sliding mechanism 21, and the plurality of conveying jaws 22 are divided into a plurality of groups, and each group of conveying jaws 22 cooperates to sequentially convey the stacked body 01, thereby improving the conveying efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the loading station 3 is provided with an alignment mechanism 31, which is used to clamp the longitudinal sides of the stack 01 so that all the batteries 011 are aligned in the longitudinal direction. After the staff stacks the batteries 011 on the loading station 3, the alignment mechanism 31 moves closer to the middle to align all the batteries 011. The sawing station 4 is provided with two circular saws 41, which are respectively located at the longitudinal ends of the stack 01. The two circular saws 41 can move closer to and away from each other to adjust their cutting positions relative to the stack 01, and the two circular saws 41 can also move horizontally relative to the stack 01 to cut the stack 01. The sawing station 4 is provided with a first clamping mechanism 42, which is used to vertically clamp the stack 01 on the sawing station 4; with the help of the clamping of the first clamping mechanism 42, the positions of the batteries 011 in the stack 01 are fixed when being cut and do not move around.

[0030] In this embodiment, a waste discharge port 71 is arranged between the sawing station 4 and the laser cutting station 5, and the sawing station 4 is provided with a waste receiving platform 72, which is used to receive the waste cut from the stacking body 01. The waste receiving platform 72 is also provided with a pushing structure 73, which is used to push the waste from the waste receiving platform 72 to the waste discharge port 71.

[0031] In this embodiment, the laser cutting station 5 is provided with two gantries 52, and two laser cutting devices 51 are respectively installed on the two gantries 52 by means of two three-way sliding modules 53. The two laser cutting devices 51 are respectively located on both sides of the stack body 01 in the horizontal direction; the laser cutting station 5 is provided with a second clamping mechanism 54, and the second clamping mechanism 54 is used to vertically clamp the stack body 01 on the laser cutting station 5.

[0032] This type of refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-type single cells also has the advantages of high cutting efficiency and low equipment purchase cost.

[0033] In the absence of conflict, the above-mentioned embodiments and features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refined disassembly method for square shell or blade-shaped single battery, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, stacking a plurality of batteries (011) vertically to obtain a stack (01), wherein the battery terminals (014) in the stack (01) are all located at the longitudinal ends of the stack (01); S2, transferring the stack (01) to a sawing station (4), and using a saw to cut both longitudinal ends of the stack (01) to cut off the two end faces (012) of all battery shells and the battery terminals (014) of the entire stack (01); S3, transferring the stack (01) to a laser cutting station (5), and using a laser cutting device (51) to cut at least one of the transverse side surfaces (013) of the stack (01), so as to cut a longitudinal fracture (015) through at least one of the side surfaces (013) of each battery housing; S4. Disassemble the stack (01), and remove the battery shell of each battery (011) from the break (015) to expose the battery content of each battery (011).

2. The refined disassembly method of square shell or blade-type single battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of batteries (011) in the stack (01) is 3 or more.

3. The refined disassembly method of square shell or blade-type single battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the laser cutting station (5), two laser cutting devices (51) are used to cut the two lateral side surfaces (013) of the stacked body (01) respectively.

4. The refined disassembly method of square shell or blade-type single battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step S11, in which the cutting position of the saw blade, the cutting path of the laser cutting device (51) and the cutting power of the laser cutting device (51) are planned by inputting the size parameters of the battery (011), the number of stacking and the thickness of the battery shell.

5. A refined disassembly device for square shell or blade-shaped single battery, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame (1), the frame (1) is provided with a conveying device (2), and a loading station (3), a sawing station (4), a laser cutting station (5) and a unloading station (6) are formed on the frame (1) and are arranged in sequence in the transverse direction; The loading station (3) is used to stack the batteries (011) to form a stack (01); The sawing station (4) is provided with a saw blade, which is used to cut the two ends of the stack (01) in the longitudinal direction, wherein the saw blade is in the transverse direction relative to the cutting direction of the stack (01), so as to cut off the two end surfaces (012) of all battery shells and the battery terminals (014) of the entire stack (01); The laser cutting station (5) is provided with a laser cutting device (51), and the laser cutting device (51) is used to cut at least one of the transverse side surfaces (013) of the battery (011), wherein the laser cutting device (51) is longitudinally oriented relative to the cutting direction of the stack (01), so as to cut a longitudinally penetrating fracture (015) on at least one of the side surfaces (013) of each battery shell; The unloading station (6) is used for unloading the cut stacked body (01); The conveying device (2) can convey the stacked body (01) from the loading station (3) to the sawing station (4), the laser cutting station (5) and the unloading station (6) in sequence.

6. The refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-shaped single battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying device (2) is provided with a sliding mechanism (21) and a conveying clamp (22), wherein the sliding mechanism (21) is used to drive the conveying clamp (22) to move laterally relative to the frame (1), and the conveying clamp (22) is used to clamp the two lateral sides of the stacked body (01) and drive the stacked body (01) to move together; The conveying clamp (22) can be raised and lowered. When the stack (01) is conveyed to the laser cutting station (5), the conveying clamp (22) is lowered to avoid the laser cutting device (51).

7. The refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-shaped single battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The loading station (3) is provided with an alignment mechanism (31), and the alignment mechanism (31) is used to clamp the two longitudinal sides of the stack (01) so that all batteries (011) are aligned in the longitudinal direction; The sawing station (4) is provided with two circular saws (41), the two circular saws (41) are respectively located at two ends of the stack (01) in the longitudinal direction, the two circular saws (41) can move closer to or farther from each other to adjust their cutting positions relative to the stack (01), and the two circular saws (41) can also move laterally relative to the stack (01) to cut the stack (01); The sawing station (4) is provided with a first pressing mechanism (42), and the first pressing mechanism (42) is used to press the stacked body (01) on the sawing station (4) in the vertical direction.

8. The refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-shaped single battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waste discharge port (71) is provided between the sawing station (4) and the laser cutting station (5); the sawing station (4) is provided with a waste receiving platform (72), the waste receiving platform (72) is used to receive the waste cut from the stacking body (01), and the waste receiving platform (72) is also provided with a pushing structure (73), the pushing structure (73) is used to push the waste from the waste receiving platform (72) to the waste discharge port (71).

9. The refined disassembly equipment for square shell or blade-shaped single battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser cutting station (5) is provided with two gantries (52), and two laser cutting devices (51) are respectively installed on the two gantries (52) by means of two three-way sliding modules (53), and the two laser cutting devices (51) are respectively located on two lateral sides of the stacked body (01); The laser cutting station (5) is provided with a second pressing mechanism (54), and the second pressing mechanism (54) is used to press the stacked body (01) on the laser cutting station (5) vertically.

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