Automobile colored coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile colored coatings, and particularly discloses an automobile colored coating and a preparation method thereof. The photonic crystal film sequentially comprises a varnish layer, a photonic crystal film and a frosted metal layer from top to bottom, the photonic crystal film comprises a micro-nano structure; the micro-nano structure comprises at least one of a multilayer film structure, a nano-particle structure, a two-dimensional hole structure, a three-dimensional hole structure and a nano-column array structure; the multilayer film structure is formed by alternately stacking 15-30 layers of sheet materials. The automobile colored coating does not depend on light absorption to present colors, but generates colors through light reflection and interference, so that the absorption of solar energy is greatly reduced. The temperature of the surface of the automobile can be reduced, the load of an air conditioning system in the automobile is reduced, the energy efficiency of the automobile is improved, and fuel consumption or electric energy consumption is reduced. Due to the advantages, the environmental protection performance of the automobile is improved, the driving comfort is improved, and the comprehensive requirements of modern automobile design for attractiveness, practicability and environmental protection are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile color coatings, and in particular to an automobile color coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The color of a car directly affects its appearance, so a variety of car color options can meet the needs of more people. The color of a car is mainly colored by paint pigment materials, and the color of the pigment mainly depends on the inherent properties of the material itself. This characteristic leads to a relatively limited range of colors, and it is difficult to obtain certain specific, very bright or special effect colors. Faced with the influence of long-term outdoor ultraviolet rays, climate change and time, the pigment color is easy to fade, resulting in a decrease in color saturation. In addition, based on the principle of color formation by pigments, pigment materials form colors by absorbing light of specific wavelengths and reflecting or transmitting light of other wavelengths. Therefore, the pigment color itself will absorb a certain amount of visible and near-infrared energy to form high temperatures, which will bring heat to the car and increase energy consumption. High temperatures may also accelerate the aging and deterioration of car paint, shorten its service life, and increase the cost of repair and maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automotive color coating and a preparation method thereof to provide a richer and more stable color selection for the car, while significantly reducing the absorption of solar energy, lowering the temperature of the car surface, and improving energy efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an automobile color coating and a preparation method thereof, which provide the automobile with richer and more stable color options, while significantly reducing the absorption of solar energy, lowering the temperature of the automobile surface, and improving energy efficiency.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides an automotive color coating.

[0006] Specifically, from top to bottom, it includes a varnish layer, a photonic crystal film, and a frosted metal layer;

[0007] The photonic crystal film includes a micro-nano structure;

[0008] The micro-nano structure includes at least one of a multilayer film structure, a nanoparticle structure, a two-dimensional hole structure, a three-dimensional hole structure, and a nanocolumn array structure;

[0009] The multi-layer film structure is formed by alternately stacking 15 to 30 layers of sheet materials.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the sheet material is 10 to 160 nm.

[0011] More preferably, the sheet material has a thickness of 20 to 160 nm.

[0012] More preferably, the sheet material has a thickness of 20 to 155 nm.

[0013] Preferably, the flaky material includes at least one of TiO2, Ta2O5, SiO2 and BaF2.

[0014] Further preferably, the flaky material is SiO2 or TiO2.

[0015] Preferably, the raw material of the varnish layer includes at least one of acrylic acid and polyurethane.

[0016] Preferably, the metal raw material of the frosted metal layer includes at least one of an aluminum sheet and a steel sheet.

[0017] Further preferably, the metal raw material of the frosted metal layer is aluminum sheet.

[0018] Preferably, the roughness of the frosted metal layer is 5-50 μm.

[0019] Further preferably, the roughness of the frosted metal layer is 5-10 μm.

[0020] More preferably, the roughness of the frosted metal layer is 5 μm.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the photonic crystal film is 600-2000 nm.

[0022] Further preferably, the thickness of the photonic crystal film is 750-2000 nm.

[0023] More preferably, the thickness of the photonic crystal film is 750-1900 nm.

[0024] Preferably, the varnish layer has a thickness of 20 to 50 μm.

[0025] More preferably, the varnish layer has a thickness of 25 to 35 μm.

[0026] Preferably, the varnish layer has a thickness of 35 μm.

[0027] Preferably, the frosted metal layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm.

[0028] More preferably, the frosted metal layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0029] More preferably, the thickness of the frosted metal layer is 1 mm.

[0030] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an automobile color coating.

[0031] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0032] The flake material is deposited on the surface of the frosted metal layer by a physical vapor deposition method to form a photonic crystal film, which is then annealed and coated with a varnish layer raw material to obtain a colored coating for an automobile.

[0033] Preferably, the physical vapor deposition method includes at least one of vacuum evaporation, magnetron sputtering, and arc ion plating.

[0034] Further preferably, the physical vapor deposition method is vacuum evaporation.

[0035] Preferably, the annealing temperature is 500-600°C.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] The present invention uses structural color technology to form colorful and dynamically changing colors through the interference phenomenon of light and microstructures. It not only provides greater flexibility in color selection, but also shows a colorful effect that changes with angles, making the appearance of the car more unique.

[0038] In addition, by precisely designing the size and arrangement of the microstructures, more stable colors can be achieved, and the colors are less likely to fade or age than traditional pigments, thus having better durability. This stability not only extends the service life of the coating, but also reduces subsequent maintenance costs.

[0039] More importantly, the automotive color coating of the present invention does not rely on absorbing light to present color, but generates color through light reflection and interference, thus greatly reducing the absorption of solar energy. It helps to reduce the temperature of the car surface, reduce the load of the air conditioning system in the car, and thus improve the energy efficiency of the vehicle and reduce fuel consumption or electricity consumption. These advantages not only improve the environmental performance of the car, but also increase the driving comfort, which meets the comprehensive requirements of modern car design for beauty, practicality and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the red coating on a car according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 The reflection and transmission spectra of the red photonic crystal film in the red coating of the car in Example 1 of the present invention in the visible light band;

[0042] Figure 3 is the chromaticity value of the red photonic crystal multilayer film of the present invention in the chromaticity diagram;

[0043] Figure 4 This is the reflection spectrum of the red coating on the car in the visible and near infrared bands of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is the reflection spectrum of the blue coating on the car in the visible and near infrared bands of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is the reflection spectrum of the green coating on the car in the visible and near infrared bands of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is the reflection spectrum of the purple coating on the car in Example 4 of the present invention in the visible and near infrared bands;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the cooling effect of the red, green and blue color coatings of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention in a summer outdoor environment compared with the commercial blue coating of Comparative Example 1;

[0048] Fig. 9 is the color range of the color coating of the present invention in the chromaticity diagram;

[0049] Fig.10 The reflectance spectra of commercially available colored outer surfaces in the visible and near infrared bands are used for Comparative Examples 1 to 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following embodiments are listed for illustration. It should be pointed out that the following embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A red coating for an automobile and a preparation method thereof.

[0054] The structure of the red coating of the car is as follows: from top to bottom, there are a varnish layer, a photonic crystal film, and a frosted metal layer, wherein the varnish layer is acrylic acid with a thickness of 30 μm; the photonic crystal film is a multilayer film structure, and its multilayer structure is formed by alternating stacking of TiO2 and SiO2, and the thickness of each layer of flaky material is 155 / 88 / 50 / 88 / 48 / 84 / 50 / 87 / 50 / 80 / 46 / 66 / 27 / 53 / 40 / 82 / 47 / 84 / 44 / 90 / 48 / 83 / 21 / 50 / 35 / 50 / 48 / 91 / 20 nm from top to bottom; the photonic crystal film appears red; the frosted metal layer is an aluminum sheet with a roughness of 5 μm and a thickness of 1 mm. The structural schematic diagram of the red coating of the car in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0055] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0056] Surface pretreatment: Before coating, the bottom frosted metal layer needs to be cleaned and prepared to ensure the adhesion and uniformity of the film layer. Use chemical solvents (alcohol, acetone) or ultrasonic cleaning to remove dust, grease and other contaminants on the surface of the substrate. After cleaning, the frosted metal layer needs to be dried, which can be done by air drying, drying or drying in a vacuum environment.

[0057] Coating process: Vacuum evaporation is used to place TiO2 and SiO2 in an evaporation source in a high vacuum environment. The material is evaporated by resistance heating or electron beam heating. The evaporated gas molecules diffuse in the vacuum chamber and deposit on the surface of the frosted metal layer.

[0058] Post-treatment: The frosted metal layer after coating is annealed at high temperature to release the internal stress in the film and improve the structure and adhesion of the film. Finally, acrylic acid is coated on the photonic crystal film to obtain the automotive red coating.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] A blue coating for an automobile and a preparation method thereof.

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that the photonic crystal film is a multi-layer film structure, and its multi-layer structure is formed by alternating stacking of TiO2 and SiO2, and the thickness of each layer of sheet material is 44 / 56 / 110 / 60 / 120 / 50 / 101 / 70 / 95 / 60nm from top to bottom; the photonic crystal film is blue.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A green coating for an automobile and a preparation method thereof.

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that the photonic crystal film is a multi-layer film structure, and its multi-layer structure is formed by alternating stacking of TiO2 and SiO2, and the thickness of each layer of sheet material is 70 / 100 / 140 / 50 / 130 / 108 / 112 / 60 / 90 / 40 / 20 / 130 / 110 / 76 / 46 / 170nm from top to bottom; the photonic crystal film is green.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] A purple coating for an automobile and a preparation method thereof.

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that the photonic crystal film is a multi-layer film structure, and its multi-layer structure is formed by alternating stacking of TiO2 and SiO2, and the thickness of each layer of sheet material is 30 / 60 / 40 / 70 / 40 / 100 / 30 / 60 / 35 / 51 / 20 / 49 / 127 / 40 / 52 / 15 / 60 / 50 / 140 / 300 / 60nm from top to bottom; the photonic crystal film is purple.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] A commercial blue paint.

[0070] Blue paint was purchased from Nippon Paint.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] A commercial red paint.

[0073] Red paint was purchased from Nippon Paint.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] A commercial green paint.

[0076] Green paint was purchased from Nippon Paint.

[0077] Figure 2 It is the reflection and transmission spectrum of the red photonic crystal film in the red coating of the car in Example 1 of the present invention in the visible light band. It can be seen from the spectrum that the reflection and transmission spectra are complementary and almost cover the entire visible band. Therefore, part of the light in the entire visible band is reflected from the surface of the red photonic crystal film, and the other part passes through the red photonic crystal film and is further diffusely reflected back into the visual space by the frosted metal layer at the bottom. This structural design greatly reduces the absorption of visible light by the structure while generating color.

[0078] Figure 3 It is the position of the chromaticity value of the red photonic crystal multilayer film designed by the present invention in the chromaticity diagram. The closer to the boundary in the chromaticity diagram, the higher the saturation.

[0079] Figure 4This is the reflection spectrum of the red coating of the car in Example 1 of the present invention in the visible near-infrared band. The light passes through the top varnish layer and forms reflection and transmission through interference with the multilayer structure, wherein the transmitted light is further reflected by the frosted metal layer at the bottom. However, there is still an inevitable cavity between the multilayer structure and the frosted aluminum sheet layer at the bottom, so the light will be oscillated and absorbed in the cavity, and then the waveform of oscillation absorption will be presented in the spectrum. Overall, the spectrum of the coating still shows a high reflection in the visible near-infrared band.

[0080] Figure 5 is the reflection spectrum of the blue coating of the car in the visible near infrared band of Example 2 of the present invention, Figure 6 The reflectance spectrum of the green coating of the automobile in Example 3 of the present invention in the visible near-infrared band is as follows: Figure 7 From the reflection spectrum of the automobile purple coating of Example 4 of the present invention in the visible and near-infrared bands, it can be seen that the spectra of the automobile blue coating, automobile green coating and automobile purple coating prepared by the present invention can all show higher reflection in the visible and near-infrared bands.

[0081] Figure 8 It is a comparison chart of the cooling effect of the red, green and blue colored coatings of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention in a summer outdoor environment compared with the commercial blue coating of Comparative Example 1. Figure 8 (a) is a picture of commercial paint placed on the surface of a car, and (b) is an infrared image of the commercial paint, where the color shown in the infrared image is 80°C; Figure 8 (c) is a picture of the red, green and blue coating placed on the surface of a car, and (d) is an infrared picture of the coating and the temperature value of the coating surface of 35°C. Since ordinary commercial coatings absorb visible light to varying degrees during the color formation process, they present a higher temperature in outdoor environments. The color coating in the present invention is mainly a structural color generated by the interference of light and the multilayer structure. The light is almost completely reflected back to the observation side through the multilayer structure and the frosted metal surface at the bottom. Therefore, the color coating in the present invention absorbs very little visible light and can present a lower temperature.

[0082] Fig. 9 It is the color range of the color coating of the present invention in the chromaticity diagram. By designing the parameter size of the structure, the color distribution is shown in the color gamut diagram of the triangle surrounded by red, green, blue, cyan, blue and purple. The closer the point on the chromaticity diagram is to the boundary, the higher the saturation is. It can be seen that the color designed by the present invention has the characteristic of high saturation.

[0083] Fig.10The reflectance spectra of commercial colored outer surfaces in the visible and near infrared bands are shown in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, including blue, red, and green paints. The colors are mainly formed by the coloring material absorbing part of the visible light and reflecting the remaining part of the visible light into the human eye. Therefore, the reflectance of colored paints in the visible and near infrared bands is often relatively low. As shown in the figure, this low-reflectivity paint absorbs most of the visible light energy and presents a higher temperature.

[0084] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by a person skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A car color coating, characterized in that: From top to bottom, it includes a varnish layer, a photonic crystal film, and a frosted metal layer; The photonic crystal film includes a micro-nano structure; The micro-nano structure includes at least one of a multilayer film structure, a nanoparticle structure, a two-dimensional hole structure, a three-dimensional hole structure, and a nanocolumn array structure; The multi-layer film structure is formed by alternately stacking 15 to 30 layers of sheet materials.

2. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sheet material is 10 to 160 nm.

3. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flaky material includes at least one of TiO2, Ta2O5, SiO2 and BaF2.

4. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material of the varnish layer includes at least one of acrylic acid and polyurethane.

5. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal raw material of the frosted metal layer includes at least one of an aluminum sheet and a steel sheet.

6. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roughness of the frosted metal layer is 5-50 μm.

7. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the photonic crystal film is 600-2000 nm.

8. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the varnish layer is 20 to 50 μm.

9. The automotive color coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the frosted metal layer is 0.5-5 mm.

10. The method for preparing the automotive color coating according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The flake material is deposited on the surface of the frosted metal layer by a physical vapor deposition method to form a photonic crystal film, which is then annealed and coated with a varnish layer raw material to obtain a colored coating for an automobile.

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