Shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent shield tunneling experiment load loading system and a use method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering and tunneling machine manufacturing, and the system comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a main oil path, a propulsion counter-force loading module and a cutterhead resistance moment loading module. The propelling counter-force loading module comprises a propelling branch oil way, a propelling oil return way, a propelling oil supply way and a propelling counter-force oil cylinder; the cutterhead resistance moment loading module comprises a loading branch oil way, a loading oil return way and a resistance moment loading oil cylinder; the thrust counterforce oil cylinder provides counterforce for the thrust counterforce device, and the resistance moment loading oil cylinder provides resistance moment for the cutter head resistance moment device. The device has the beneficial effects that an experiment load can be provided for carrying out related experiments of intelligent shield tunneling, various boundary conditions in the shield tunneling process are simulated and controlled, and support is provided for development and testing of an intelligent shield tunneling control algorithm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering and tunnel boring machine manufacturing, and in particular to a shield intelligent tunneling experimental load loading system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Using experimental devices to conduct different working condition tests is a safe and effective method to improve the intelligent tunneling control system of shield machines. With the rapid development of intelligent technology, intelligent construction has been increasingly used in the field of engineering construction. The research on intelligent tunneling technology of shield machines has enabled shield machines to develop from the original manual operation to partial intelligence. The research on intelligent shield equipment has made great progress, but there are still some problems in the development and application of intelligent control systems of shield machines.

[0003] First, the shield construction process is complex, the geological environment is changeable, and different projects have their own particularities. The control algorithm of the shield intelligent control system needs to have a wide range of geological adaptability and be able to respond promptly and accurately to changes in the excavated strata. Second, the development of the shield intelligent excavation system involves a large number of system equipment coordination and matching, algorithm construction and data mining and analysis work, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. It is necessary to complete the algorithm construction and control system development work in the shield design stage. However, since the current intelligent control algorithm model relies on the current engineering early excavation data for training, it is impossible to train and test the actual effect of the intelligent excavation related model during the shield manufacturing period, which makes the application of intelligent excavation have a certain lag; third, the development and testing of the intelligent control system in the actual construction environment affects normal operations and brings potential risks.

[0004] The development of a shield intelligent tunneling experimental load loading system can construct a shield tunneling operating environment without relying on actual construction conditions, providing a flexible and efficient experimental and testing platform for shield intelligent tunneling algorithm research and intelligent control system development, which is an effective means to solve these problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield intelligent excavation experimental load loading system and a method of use in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The system can apply excavation resistance and resistance torque to the shield machine through hydraulic loading, simulate the propulsion resistance and cutterhead resistance torque encountered during shield excavation, and simulate different excavation conditions by controlling the size and change law of the loading force, and carry out shield intelligent excavation related experiments under different working conditions.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A shield intelligent excavation experimental load loading system, comprising a hydraulic oil tank, a main oil circuit, a propulsion reaction force loading module and a cutter head resistance torque loading module, the propulsion reaction force loading module comprising a propulsion branch oil circuit, a propulsion return oil circuit, a propulsion oil supply circuit and a propulsion reaction force oil cylinder, the main oil circuit and the propulsion branch oil circuit are both double oil circuits, one end of the propulsion branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder; the rodless chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder is also connected to the propulsion return oil circuit, the end of the propulsion return oil circuit away from the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder extends to the hydraulic oil tank and is installed with a first filter, the rod chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder is also connected to the propulsion supply oil circuit, the end of the propulsion supply oil circuit away from the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder extends to the hydraulic oil tank and is installed with a second filter; The cutter head resistance torque loading module includes a loading branch oil circuit, a loading return oil circuit and a resistance torque loading cylinder. The loading branch oil circuit is a double oil circuit. One end of the loading branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder. The rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder is also connected to the loading return oil circuit, and the end of the loading return oil circuit away from the resistance torque loading cylinder is connected to the first filter. The propulsion reaction force oil cylinder provides a reaction force for the propulsion reaction force device, and the resistance torque loading oil cylinder provides a resistance torque for the cutter disc resistance torque device.

[0007] Preferably: the propulsion branch oil circuit is provided with a first solenoid valve and a first double hydraulically controlled one-way valve for controlling the on-and-off of the oil; the propulsion return oil circuit is sequentially installed with a first solenoid proportional overflow valve, a first accumulator, and a first pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor is arranged on a side close to the propulsion reaction force cylinder; the propulsion oil supply circuit is provided with a first one-way valve for unidirectionally conducting the hydraulic oil tank to the propulsion reaction force cylinder.

[0008] Preferably: the propulsion reaction force loading module also includes a propulsion parallel oil circuit, one end of which is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is connected to the position between the corresponding first solenoid valve and the first double hydraulically controlled one-way valve on the propulsion branch oil circuit; the propulsion parallel oil circuit is provided with a second solenoid valve and a second double hydraulically controlled one-way valve for controlling the on and off of the oil; the number of the propulsion branch oil circuits is at least two, and the two propulsion reaction force cylinders are connected in parallel as a group for control, and each of the propulsion branch oil circuits corresponds to a group of the propulsion reaction force cylinders.

[0009] Preferably: the loading branch oil circuit is provided with a third solenoid valve and a third double-hydraulic-controlled one-way valve for controlling the on-off of the oil.

[0010] Preferably, a third electromagnetic proportional relief valve, a second accumulator, and a second pressure sensor are sequentially installed on the loading oil return line, and the second pressure sensor is arranged on a side close to the resistance torque loading cylinder.

[0011] Preferably: the main oil circuit is a double oil circuit, one end of the double oil circuits extends into the hydraulic oil tank and is installed with a third filter and a fourth filter, and the other end is connected to one side of the reversing valve, and the other side of the reversing valve is a pipeline connection joint; a hydraulic pump and a third one-way valve are sequentially arranged between the filter and the reversing valve in one of the oil circuits, and the third one-way valve is a one-way conduction from the hydraulic oil tank to the reversing valve; a pressure gauge and an overflow circuit are installed between the hydraulic pump and the one-way valve, a second electromagnetic proportional overflow valve is installed on the overflow circuit, and the end of the overflow circuit extends into the hydraulic oil tank and is installed with a fifth filter; a third accumulator is installed between the one-way valve and the reversing valve.

[0012] A method for using a shield intelligent excavation experiment load loading system, using the above-mentioned shield intelligent excavation experiment load loading system, the method for using it is as follows: a. Propulsion reaction loading module When the reversing valve and each first solenoid valve are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump passes through the reversing valve and is supplied to the propulsion reaction force cylinder through the first solenoid valve and the first double hydraulic control one-way valve on each propulsion branch oil line, so that the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders can be controlled separately; When the reversing valve and the second solenoid valve are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump passes through the reversing valve, the second solenoid valve, and then through the second double-hydraulic-controlled one-way valve to supply the thrust reaction cylinder, thereby realizing synchronous control of the pressure of the four sets of thrust reaction cylinders. b. Cutter resistance torque loading module When the reversing valve and the third solenoid valve are energized at the same time, the hydraulic pump pumps the reversing valve, the third solenoid valve, and the third double-hydraulic controlled one-way valve to provide working pressure for the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder, which cooperates with the friction cylinder to generate a resistance torque acting on the experimental shield cutter disc, thereby simulating the rotational resistance torque encountered by the shield cutter disc when breaking rock; by adjusting the overflow pressure of the third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve, the thrust output by the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder can be controlled, thereby controlling the resistance torque generated by the cutter disc resistance torque device.

[0013] Preferably: in the synchronous control mode, the propulsion reaction force loading module can synchronously control the extension and retraction speeds of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders by adjusting the flow of the second solenoid valve; by setting the overflow pressure of each first solenoid proportional overflow valve to be consistent, the maximum reaction force of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders can be synchronously controlled; in the individual control mode, the propulsion reaction force loading module can separately control the extension and retraction speeds of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders by separately adjusting the flow of the first solenoid valve on each propulsion branch oil line; by separately adjusting the overflow pressure of the first solenoid proportional overflow valve on each propulsion branch oil line, the maximum reaction force of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders can be separately controlled.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses hydraulic loading to achieve shield tunneling process simulation without relying on actual engineering and actual stratum conditions, avoiding interference with normal construction, simplifying the experimental preparation and cleaning process, and greatly improving the efficiency of shield intelligent tunneling experiments; 2. The simulation of the load on the cutterhead and propulsion system during shield tunneling by hydraulic loading has good repeatability and can achieve multiple reproductions of the same working condition. It is very suitable for testing, training and improving the various functions of the shield intelligent control system.

[0015] 3. The accumulated data of the project can be repeatedly mined and utilized to extract the load laws of the cutterhead and propulsion system under different working conditions, and then loaded onto the experimental shield through the load loading system to reproduce the actual shield tunneling conditions and realize multi-engineering and multi-geological simulation loading experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system described in the present invention.

[0018] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1. Hydraulic oil tank; 2. Main oil circuit; 201. Third filter; 202. Fourth filter; 203. Fifth filter; 204. Hydraulic pump; 205. Third check valve; 206. Third accumulator; 21. Overflow circuit; 211. Second electromagnetic proportional overflow valve; 212. Pressure gauge; 22. Reversing valve; 3. Propulsion reaction force loading module; 31. Propulsion branch oil circuit; 311. First electromagnetic valve; 312. First double hydraulic control check valve; 32. Propulsion parallel oil circuit; 321. Second electromagnetic valve; 322. Second double Hydraulic-controlled one-way valve; 33, propulsion oil return circuit; 331, first electromagnetic proportional relief valve; 332, first accumulator; 333, first pressure sensor; 34, propulsion oil supply circuit; 341, first one-way valve; 35, propulsion reaction cylinder; 36, propulsion reaction device; 4, cutter disc resistance torque loading module; 41, loading branch oil circuit; 411, third electromagnetic valve; 412, third double hydraulic-controlled one-way valve; 42, loading oil return circuit; 421, third electromagnetic proportional relief valve; 422, second accumulator; 423, second pressure sensor; 44, resistance torque loading cylinder; 45, cutter disc resistance torque device; 5, first filter; 6, second filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 As shown, a shield intelligent excavation test load loading system is divided into two functional modules: a propulsion reaction force loading module 3 and a cutter head resistance torque loading module 4. The hydraulic pump 204 is used as a power source of the hydraulic system to provide power for the propulsion reaction force cylinder 35 and the resistance torque loading cylinder 44, so as to realize the loading function of the propulsion reaction force device 36 and the cutter head resistance torque device 45. The system specifically includes a hydraulic oil tank 1, a main oil circuit 2, a propulsion reaction force loading module 3 and a cutter head resistance torque loading module 4. The propulsion reaction force loading module 3 includes a propulsion branch oil circuit 31, a propulsion return oil circuit 33, a propulsion oil supply circuit 34 and a propulsion reaction force oil circuit 35. Cylinder 35, main oil circuit 2 and propulsion branch oil circuit 31 are both double oil circuits, one end of propulsion branch oil circuit 31 is connected with main oil circuit 2, and the other end is connected with the rod chamber and rodless chamber of propulsion reaction force oil cylinder 35; the rodless chamber of propulsion reaction force oil cylinder 35 is also connected with propulsion return oil circuit 33, the end of propulsion return oil circuit 33 away from propulsion reaction force oil cylinder 35 extends to the hydraulic oil tank 1 and is installed with a first filter 5, the rod chamber of propulsion reaction force oil cylinder 35 is also connected with propulsion supply oil circuit 34, the end of propulsion supply oil circuit 34 away from propulsion reaction force oil cylinder 35 extends to the hydraulic oil tank 1 and is installed with a second filter 6; The cutter head resistance torque loading module 4 includes a loading branch oil circuit 41, a loading return oil circuit 42 and a resistance torque loading cylinder 44. The loading branch oil circuit 41 is a double oil circuit. One end of the loading branch oil circuit 41 is connected to the main oil circuit 2, and the other end is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder 44. The rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder 44 is also connected to the loading return oil circuit 42. The end of the loading return oil circuit 42 away from the resistance torque loading cylinder 44 is connected to the first filter 5. The thrust reaction force cylinder 35 is the final actuator of the thrust reaction force loading module 3 and provides reaction force for the thrust reaction force device 36 ; the resistance torque loading cylinder 44 is the final actuator of the cutter disc resistance torque loading module 4 and provides resistance torque for the cutter disc resistance torque device 45 .

[0022] In this embodiment, the propulsion branch oil circuit 31 is provided with a first solenoid valve 311 and a first double-hydraulic one-way valve 312 for controlling the on-off of the oil; the propulsion return oil circuit 33 is sequentially installed with a first solenoid proportional overflow valve 331, a first accumulator 332, and a first pressure sensor 333, and the pressure sensor is arranged on the side close to the propulsion reaction force cylinder 35; the propulsion oil supply circuit 34 is provided with a first one-way valve 341 for one-way conduction from the hydraulic oil tank 1 to the propulsion reaction force cylinder 35; by adjusting the overflow pressure of the first solenoid proportional overflow valve 331, the maximum propulsion reaction force that the corresponding propulsion reaction force cylinder 35 can be controlled. When the total thrust output by the propulsion cylinder of the experimental shield is less than or equal to the maximum thrust of the propulsion reaction force cylinder 35 When the reaction force is large, the thrust cylinder does not produce displacement; when it is greater than the maximum reaction force of the thrust reaction cylinder 35, the first electromagnetic proportional relief valve 331 opens, and the experimental shield thrust cylinder pushes the thrust reaction cylinder 35 to retract, and the experimental shield can realize simulated excavation. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the thrust reaction cylinder 35 flows back to the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the first electromagnetic proportional relief valve 331, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 1 enters the rod cavity of the thrust reaction cylinder 35 through the filter and the first one-way valve 341. By controlling the reversing valve 22 to switch between the left position and the right position, the extension and retraction of the thrust reaction cylinder 35 can be realized. The first accumulator 332 is used to maintain the stability of the pressure of the branch system to avoid excessive fluctuations in the working pressure.

[0023] In this embodiment, the propulsion reaction force loading module 3 also includes a propulsion parallel oil circuit 32, one end of the propulsion parallel oil circuit 32 is connected to the main oil circuit 2, and the other end is connected to the position between the first solenoid valve 311 and the first double hydraulically controlled one-way valve 312 on the propulsion branch oil circuit 31; the propulsion parallel oil circuit 32 is provided with a second solenoid valve 321 and a second double hydraulically controlled one-way valve 322 for controlling the on-off of the oil; the number of propulsion branch oil circuits 31 is 4, and the number of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 is 8, and 2 cylinders are connected in parallel to form a group for control, forming a total of four groups corresponding to the propulsion branch oil circuit 31, providing load for the propulsion cylinder of the experimental shield to simulate the propulsion resistance encountered during shield excavation; the loading branch oil circuit 41 is provided with a third solenoid valve 411 and a third double hydraulically controlled one-way valve 412 for controlling the on-off of the oil; the loading return oil circuit 42 is sequentially installed with a third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 421, a second accumulator 422, and a second pressure sensor 423. The second pressure sensor 423 is arranged on the side close to the resistance torque loading cylinder 44; when the reversing valve 22 and the third solenoid valve 411 are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump 204 passes through the reversing valve 22, the third solenoid valve 411, and the third double-hydraulic controlled one-way valve 412 to provide working pressure for the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder. The cutter disc resistance torque cylinder and the cutter disc resistance torque device 45 recorded in the patent technical scheme with patent application number 202310329478.8 provide thrust, and cooperate with the friction cylinder to generate a resistance torque acting on the experimental shield cutter disc, thereby simulating the rotational resistance torque encountered by the shield cutter disc when breaking rocks; by adjusting the overflow pressure of the third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 421, the thrust output by the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder can be controlled, and then the resistance torque generated by the cutter disc resistance torque device 45 can be controlled; The load loading system of the present invention is used in combination with the thrust reaction device 36 recorded in the patent technical scheme with patent application number 202322598595.2 and the cutter head resistance torque device 45 recorded in the patent technical scheme with patent application number 202310329478.8, which can realize simulation experiments on different combinations of shield machine thrust reaction force and shield machine cutter head excavation resistance torque.

[0024] In this embodiment, the main oil circuit 2 is a dual oil circuit, one end of the dual oil circuits extends into the hydraulic oil tank 1 and is installed with a third filter 201 and a fourth filter 202, and the other end is connected to one side of the reversing valve 22, and the other side of the reversing valve 22 is a pipeline connection joint; one of the oil circuits is provided with a hydraulic pump 204 and a third one-way valve 205 in sequence from the filter to the reversing valve 22, and the third one-way valve 205 is a one-way conduction from the hydraulic oil tank 1 to the reversing valve 22; a pressure gauge 212 and an overflow circuit 21 are installed between the hydraulic pump 204 and the one-way valve, and a second electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 211 is installed on the overflow circuit 21, and the end of the overflow circuit 21 extends into the hydraulic oil tank 1 and is installed with a fifth filter 203; a third accumulator 206 is installed between the one-way valve and the reversing valve 22.

[0025] In this embodiment, a method for using the shield intelligent excavation experiment load loading system is also provided. The method for using the above-mentioned shield intelligent excavation experiment load loading system is as follows: a. Propulsion reaction loading module 3 When the reversing valve 22 and each first solenoid valve 311 are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump 204 passes through the reversing valve 22 and is supplied to the propulsion reaction force cylinder 35 through the first solenoid valve 311 and the first double hydraulic control check valve 312 on each propulsion branch oil circuit 31, so that the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 can be controlled separately; When the reversing valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 321 are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump 204 passes through the reversing valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 321, and then passes through the second double hydraulic control check valve 322 to supply the thrust reaction cylinder 35, so that the pressure of the four groups of thrust reaction cylinders 35 can be synchronously controlled; b. Cutter resistance torque loading module 4 When the reversing valve 22 and the third solenoid valve 411 are energized at the same time, the reversing valve 22, the third solenoid valve 411 and the third double hydraulically controlled one-way valve 412 pumped by the hydraulic pump 204 provide working pressure for the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder, and cooperate with the friction cylinder to generate a resistance torque acting on the experimental shield cutter disc, thereby simulating the rotational resistance torque encountered by the shield cutter disc when breaking rock; by adjusting the overflow pressure of the third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 421, the thrust output by the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder can be controlled, thereby controlling the resistance torque generated by the cutter disc resistance torque device 45.

[0026] Among them, the propulsion reaction force loading module 3 is in the synchronous control mode, and the extension and retraction speed of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 can be synchronously controlled by adjusting the flow of the second solenoid valve 321; the maximum reaction force of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 can be synchronously controlled by setting the overflow pressure of each first electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 331 to be consistent; the propulsion reaction force loading module 3 is in the separate control mode, and the extension and retraction speed of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 can be separately controlled by adjusting the flow of the first solenoid valve 311 on each propulsion branch oil circuit 31; the maximum reaction force of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders 35 can be separately controlled by adjusting the overflow pressure of the first electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 331 on each propulsion branch oil circuit 31.

[0027] The thrust reaction force loading module 3 can realize two loading functions, namely, synchronous control and separate control of the thrust reaction force device 36, through the combined use of the reversing valve 22 and the first solenoid valve 311 and the second solenoid valve 321, thereby realizing the simulated loading of the thrust reaction force of the shield machine; the cutter disc resistance torque loading module 4 can control the thrust output by the cutter disc resistance torque cylinder by adjusting the overflow pressure of the third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve 421, thereby controlling the resistance torque generated by the cutter disc resistance torque device 45, thereby realizing the simulated loading of the cutter disc resistance torque; the invention can provide experimental loads for conducting experiments related to intelligent shield tunneling, simulate and control various boundary conditions during shield tunneling, and provide support for the development and testing of intelligent shield tunneling control algorithms.

[0028] In the present application, the reversing valve 22 adopts a three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve 22, and the first solenoid valve 311, the second solenoid valve 321 and the third solenoid valve 411 all adopt a two-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve 22; the thrust reaction cylinder 35 and the resistance torque loading cylinder 44 are both double-acting cylinders.

[0029] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system, comprising a hydraulic oil tank (1), a main oil circuit (2), a thrust reaction force loading module (3) and a cutter head resistance torque loading module (4), characterized in that: The propulsion reaction force loading module (3) comprises a propulsion branch oil circuit (31), a propulsion return oil circuit (33), a propulsion oil supply circuit (34) and a propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35); the main oil circuit (2) and the propulsion branch oil circuit (31) are both double oil circuits; one end of the propulsion branch oil circuit (31) is connected to the main oil circuit (2), and the other end is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35); the rodless chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35) is also connected to the propulsion return oil circuit (33); one end of the propulsion return oil circuit (33) away from the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35) extends into the hydraulic oil tank (1) and is installed with a first filter (5); the rod chamber of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35) is also connected to the propulsion supply oil circuit (34); one end of the propulsion supply oil circuit (34) away from the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35) extends into the hydraulic oil tank (1) and is installed with a second filter (6); The cutter head resistance torque loading module (4) comprises a loading branch oil circuit (41), a loading return oil circuit (42) and a resistance torque loading cylinder (44); the loading branch oil circuit (41) is a double oil circuit, one end of the loading branch oil circuit (41) is connected to the main oil circuit (2), and the other end is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder (44); the loading return oil circuit (42) is also connected to the rodless chamber of the resistance torque loading cylinder (44), and the end of the loading return oil circuit (42) away from the resistance torque loading cylinder (44) is connected to the first filter (5); The propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35) provides a reaction force for the propulsion reaction force device (36), and the resistance torque loading oil cylinder (44) provides a resistance torque for the cutter head resistance torque device (45).

2. A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion branch oil circuit (31) is provided with a first electromagnetic valve (311) for controlling the on-off of oil and a first double-hydraulic controlled one-way valve (312); the propulsion return oil circuit (33) is sequentially installed with a first electromagnetic proportional relief valve (331), a first accumulator (332), and a first pressure sensor (333); the first pressure sensor (333) is arranged on a side close to the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35); and the propulsion oil supply circuit (34) is provided with a first one-way valve (341) for unidirectionally conducting the hydraulic oil tank (1) to the propulsion reaction force oil cylinder (35).

3. A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The propulsion reaction force loading module (3) further comprises a propulsion parallel oil circuit (32), one end of the propulsion parallel oil circuit (32) being connected to the main oil circuit (2), and the other end being connected to a position between a first solenoid valve (311) and a first double-hydraulic-controlled one-way valve (312) on the propulsion branch oil circuit (31); a second solenoid valve (321) and a second double-hydraulic-controlled one-way valve (322) for controlling the on-off of oil are arranged on the propulsion parallel oil circuit (32); the number of the propulsion branch oil circuits (31) is at least two, two propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) are connected in parallel to form a group for control, and each propulsion branch oil circuit (31) is provided with a group of the propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) correspondingly.

4. A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading branch oil circuit (41) is provided with a third solenoid valve (411) and a third dual-liquid-controlled one-way valve (412) for controlling the on-off of oil.

5. The shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A third electromagnetic proportional relief valve (421), a second accumulator (422), and a second pressure sensor (423) are sequentially mounted on the loading oil return circuit (42); the second pressure sensor (423) is arranged on a side close to the resistance torque loading oil cylinder (44).

6. A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main oil circuit (2) is a double oil circuit, one end of each of the double oil circuits extends into the hydraulic oil tank (1) and is installed with a third filter (201) and a fourth filter (202), and the other end of each of the double oil circuits is connected to one side of the reversing valve (22), and the other side of the reversing valve (22) is a pipeline connection joint; a hydraulic pump (204) and a third one-way valve (205) are sequentially arranged between the filter and the reversing valve (22), and the third one-way valve (205) is a one-way conduction from the hydraulic oil tank (1) to the reversing valve (22); a pressure gauge (212) and an overflow circuit (21) are installed between the hydraulic pump (204) and the one-way valve, and a second electromagnetic proportional overflow valve (211) is installed on the overflow circuit (21); the end of the overflow circuit (21) extends into the hydraulic oil tank (1) and is installed with a fifth filter (203); a third accumulator (206) is installed between the one-way valve and the reversing valve (22).

7. A method for using a shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system, characterized in that: A shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, and its use method is as follows: a. Propulsion reaction loading module (3) When the reversing valve (22) and each first solenoid valve (311) are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump (204) passes through the reversing valve (22) and is then supplied to the propulsion reaction force cylinder (35) through the first solenoid valve (311) and the first double hydraulically controlled one-way valve (312) on each propulsion branch oil circuit (31), thereby realizing separate control of the four groups of propulsion reaction force cylinders (35); When the reversing valve (22) and the second solenoid valve (321) are energized at the same time, the high-pressure oil pumped by the hydraulic pump (204) passes through the reversing valve (22) and the second solenoid valve (321), and then passes through the second double-hydraulic-controlled one-way valve (322) to be supplied to the thrust reaction cylinder (35), thereby achieving synchronous control of the pressure of the four groups of thrust reaction cylinders (35); b. Cutter resistance torque loading module (4) When the reversing valve (22) and the third solenoid valve (411) are energized at the same time, the reversing valve (22), the third solenoid valve (411), and the third double hydraulically controlled one-way valve (412) pumped by the hydraulic pump (204) provide working pressure for the cutter head resistance torque cylinder, and cooperate with the friction cylinder to generate a resistance torque acting on the experimental shield cutter head, thereby simulating the rotational resistance torque encountered by the shield cutter head when breaking rock; by adjusting the overflow pressure of the third electromagnetic proportional overflow valve (421), the thrust output by the cutter head resistance torque cylinder can be controlled, thereby controlling the resistance torque generated by the cutter head resistance torque device (45).

8. The method for using a shield intelligent tunneling experiment load loading system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The propulsion reaction force loading module (3) can synchronously control the extension and retraction speeds of the four propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) by adjusting the flow rate of the second electromagnetic valve (321) in the synchronous control mode; and can synchronously control the maximum reaction force of the four propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) by setting the overflow pressure of each first electromagnetic proportional overflow valve (331) to be consistent; The propulsion reaction force loading module (3) can control the extension and retraction speeds of the four propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) separately by adjusting the flow rates of the first electromagnetic valves (311) on the propulsion branch oil circuits (31) in a separate control mode; and can control the maximum reaction forces of the four propulsion reaction force oil cylinders (35) separately by adjusting the overflow pressures of the first electromagnetic proportional overflow valves (331) on the propulsion branch oil circuits (31).

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