Matching equipment and matching method for self-pre-tightening back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bearing machining, and particularly discloses matching equipment and a matching method for self-pre-tightening back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings. The matching equipment comprises an assembling device and a testing device, the assembling device comprises a first assembling assembly and a second assembling assembly, the first assembling assembly comprises a first assembling mold, and the top surface of the first assembling mold is provided with a first assembling boss and an inner ring mounting hole; the second assembling component comprises a second assembling die and a retainer positioning ring; a positioning mandrel and an inner ring positioning step are arranged on the top surface of the second assembling die; the testing device comprises an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly and a torque measuring assembly. The outer ring mounting assembly comprises a test mounting seat and a test load block, and the inner ring clamping assembly comprises a clamping rod and two clamping end covers. According to the matching equipment, the control precision of the pre-tightening force can be effectively improved, and efficient production of the back-to-back paired angular contact ball bearings is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bearing processing, and in particular to a matching device and a matching method for self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings. Background Art

[0002] Angular contact ball bearings are a special type of ball bearings that can bear both radial and axial loads and can operate at higher speeds. Angular contact ball bearings, like conventional deep groove ball bearings, include inner rings, outer rings, rolling elements, and cages, but the difference is that the grooves of angular contact ball bearings are different from those of conventional deep groove ball bearings, especially the groove ribs of the outer rings are essentially different. Specifically, one side of the outer ring groove is a high rib and the other side is a low rib. During assembly, the rolling elements can pass over the low rib and enter the groove, and the high rib is the load-bearing side.

[0003] Angular contact ball bearings are usually used in combination in practical applications, that is, two, three or even more sets of angular contact ball bearings are used together in a certain configuration. The basic combination methods include back-to-back, face-to-face and series combination. Different combination methods are selected according to the needs of actual working conditions. The face-to-face combination method is that the outer ring grooves of two angular contact ball bearings are arranged face to face, the series combination method is that the outer ring grooves of two angular contact ball bearings have the same direction and each bearing is arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and the back-to-back combination method is that the outer ring grooves of two angular contact ball bearings have low ribs arranged back to back.

[0004] Double row angular contact ball bearing is a specific form of angular contact ball bearing, specifically, two grooves are set on the inner ring, corresponding to two outer rings, and one groove is set on each outer ring, which has the advantages of small axial space occupation, strong rigidity, high precision and easy installation. Double row angular contact ball bearings also have face-to-face assembly and series assembly. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN 105114447 A discloses a face-to-face assembly double row angular contact ball bearing and its assembly method, and the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN 105041852 B discloses a series assembly angular contact ball bearing and its assembly method.

[0005] like Figure 1 The figure shows the structure of a self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing, which includes an inner ring 06, a first outer ring 01, a first retainer 07, a second outer ring 03, a second retainer 04 and rolling elements 05. A spacer ring 02 is provided between the first outer ring 01 and the second outer ring 03. Figure 2The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first outer ring 01 or the second outer ring 03, wherein one side rib of the groove 10 is a low rib 08, and the other side rib is a high rib 09. Compared with the face-to-face assembly method and the series assembly method, the back-to-back assembly method has the advantages of reliable assembly, ability to withstand axial loads in two directions at the same time, and self-preload. However, the double-row angular contact ball bearings in the back-to-back assembly method also have the disadvantages of great difficulty in assembly, great difficulty in controlling the preload force, and inconvenient preload force adjustment, which limits the production efficiency and large-scale promotion of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing matching device and matching method, which can effectively improve the control accuracy of the preload force and ensure the efficient production of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: the optional equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings at least comprises: An assembly device, wherein the assembly device comprises a first assembly component and a second assembly component, wherein the first assembly component comprises a first assembly mold, wherein the top surface of the first assembly mold is provided with a first assembly boss, wherein the first assembly boss is provided with an inner ring mounting hole; wherein the second assembly component comprises a second assembly mold and a retainer positioning ring, wherein the top surface of the second assembly mold is provided with a positioning mandrel, wherein the outer side of the positioning mandrel is provided with an inner ring positioning step; wherein the retainer positioning ring is separately provided with the second assembly mold, and the inner diameter of the retainer positioning ring is larger than that of the positioning mandrel; A test device, the test device comprising an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly and a torque measuring assembly; the outer ring mounting assembly comprises a test mounting seat and a test load block, the top surface of the test mounting seat is an outer ring bearing surface, and the test load block is provided with an outer ring loading surface; in a test state, the test load block is located above the test mounting seat, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface and the outer ring bearing surface; The inner ring clamping assembly comprises a clamping rod and two clamping end covers, the clamping end cover is connected to the clamping rod, and an inner ring clamping interval is formed between the two clamping end covers; the torque measuring assembly is detachably connected to the clamping rod.

[0008] The selection operation of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing includes two processes: assembly and testing. The assembly process includes the first outer ring assembly, the second outer ring assembly and the spacer ring assembly steps.

[0009] The first outer ring assembly step uses the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole, place the first outer ring on the first assembly mold, and sleeve it outside the first assembly boss, and place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss. The rolling bodies are sequentially installed into the first retaining frame. During the process of installing the rolling bodies, the first outer ring plays a role in limiting the outward movement of the rolling bodies. The first outer ring is lifted up, and the rolling body is pressed into the groove of the first outer ring to complete the assembly operation of the first outer ring.

[0010] The second outer ring assembly step uses the second assembly component to turn the middle piece around and install it on the second assembly mold, where the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step. The second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring, the cage positioning ring is placed on the first cage, and then the second cage is placed on the cage positioning ring. The rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the second cage, the second outer ring is lifted up, and the rolling bodies are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring, and the assembly operation of the second outer ring is completed. Then the spacer ring is pressed between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing.

[0011] The measurement process uses an inner ring clamping assembly, places the inner ring between two clamping end covers and locks it, places one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mount, and places the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The test load block and the test mount jointly press the outer ring. Connect the torque measurement assembly to the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measurement assembly.

[0012] The optional equipment of the present application can skillfully complete the assembly of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, achieve efficient and reliable assembly operations, and can measure the starting torque of the bearings, using starting torque measurement instead of preload force measurement to determine the bearing processing quality, thereby ensuring efficient and reliable production of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings.

[0013] Preferably, the retainer locating ring is divided into at least two sub-rings along the circumferential direction, and the central angle corresponding to each sub-ring is not greater than 180°. After assembly, the retainer locating ring can be removed smoothly and conveniently.

[0014] Preferably, the test load block is provided with an avoidance hole, and the avoidance hole is arranged to penetrate the test load block axially; in the test state, the upper end of the clamping rod passes through the avoidance hole, and the torque measurement assembly is connected to the upper end of the clamping rod.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the clamping rod is integrally arranged with one of the clamping end covers, and the other clamping end cover is detachably mounted on the clamping rod; the inner ring clamping assembly also includes a locking ring, which is mounted on the clamping rod and threadedly connected to the clamping rod.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a spacer ring optional device, which includes an optional mounting seat, an optional load block and an end face measuring instrument. The top surface of the optional mounting seat is an outer ring positioning surface, an inner ring accommodating hole is provided on the outer ring positioning surface, and the end face measuring instrument is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole; the optional load block is provided with an inner ring loading surface.

[0017] When performing the spacer ring selection operation, assemble the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring, insert the inner ring into the inner ring receiving hole, the detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the inner ring end face, press the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block onto the first outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument. Disassemble the first outer ring and the first retaining frame, assemble the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring, insert the inner ring into the inner ring receiving hole, the detection end of the end face measuring instrument contacts the inner ring end face, place the lower end face of the second outer ring on the outer ring positioning surface, press the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block onto the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end face measuring instrument. The height of the spacer ring can be determined based on the two readings of the end face measuring instrument, and the corresponding spacer ring can be selected.

[0018] Before assembly, the height requirement of the spacer ring can be determined through the spacer ring selection operation, and then the corresponding spacer ring can be selected for assembly, which can effectively improve the preload setting accuracy of the back-to-back angular contact ball bearings and simplify the preload adjustment operation.

[0019] Preferably, the optional mounting seat includes a mounting base and a standard ring, the mounting base and the standard ring are arranged in upper and lower parts, the inner ring accommodating hole passes through the standard ring and extends into the mounting base; the end face measuring instrument is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end face measuring instrument is aligned with the upper end face of the mounting base.

[0020] The length of the standard ring corresponds to the length of the inner ring. According to different inner ring lengths, standard rings of different specifications can be selected to improve the scope of application.

[0021] Preferably, a limiting core shaft is provided at the loading end of the optional load block, an annularly distributed inner ring loading step is provided on the outer side of the limiting core shaft, and the inner ring loading surface is arranged on the inner ring loading step.

[0022] The method for selecting and matching self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings adopts the matching equipment as described above; and at least comprises the following steps: S1. Assembly of the first outer ring: Use the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole with the first end facing upward and the second end facing downward. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss, and the second groove on the inner ring is located in the inner ring mounting hole; place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold, and sleeve it outside the first assembly boss. At this time, the low rib of the groove on the first outer ring is set upward; place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss, and align the ball pocket hole of the first retaining frame with the first groove of the inner ring; install a specific number of rolling bodies into the first retaining frame in sequence. During the process of installing the rolling bodies, the first outer ring restricts the rolling bodies from moving outward; lift the first outer ring upward, and press the rolling bodies into the groove of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the rolling bodies are combined into an intermediate piece; S2. Assembly of the second outer ring: Use the second assembly component to install the intermediate piece on the second assembly mold, wherein the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel with the second end facing upward, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step; the second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring and abuts against the first outer ring, and the low rib of the groove on the second outer ring is set upward; the retainer positioning ring is placed on the first retainer, and then the second retainer is placed on the retainer positioning ring, and the ball pocket hole of the second retainer is aligned with the second groove of the inner ring; a specific number of rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the second retainer, the second outer ring is lifted upward, and the rolling bodies are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring; S3. Spacer ring assembly: press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the bearing assembly; S4. Starting torque test: Use the inner ring clamping assembly to place the inner ring between the two clamping end covers and lock it; place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mount, and place the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface contacts the corresponding end surface of the outer ring, and the test load block and the test mount jointly press the outer ring; connect the torque measuring assembly to the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measuring assembly; compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is judged to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified.

[0023] Preferably, before step S1, at least the following steps are further included: S01. Determination of the height of the spacer ring: selecting an inner ring, a first outer ring, a first cage, a second outer ring, a second cage and a specific number of rolling elements; Using the spacer ring matching device, assemble the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring, insert the second end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the second end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block is pressed on the upper end surface of the first outer ring, and the reading of the end surface measuring instrument is recorded; Disassemble the first outer ring and the first retaining frame, assemble the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements on the second end of the inner ring, insert the first end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the first end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, press the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block on the upper end surface of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end surface measuring instrument; Determine the height of the spacer ring based on the two readings of the end face measuring instrument and select the corresponding spacer ring.

[0024] Preferably, before step S1, at least the following steps are included: S02. Spacer ring grouping: measuring the height of the spacer rings, and dividing a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2um; In step S4, when the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined that the design requirements are not met; the current spacer ring is removed, and a spacer ring of a group adjacent to the current spacer ring is selected, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated.

[0025] By measuring and grouping the spacer rings, the selection and replacement of the spacer rings are facilitated, thereby improving the selection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the first outer ring or the second outer ring of a self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a spacer ring matching device in the matching equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spacer ring matching operation state of the spacer ring matching device in the matching equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing of this embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first assembly component in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first outer ring assembly state of the first assembly component in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment, and the rolling element is not pressed into the first outer ring at this time; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first outer ring assembly state of the first assembly component in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment, and the rolling element has been pressed into the first outer ring at this time; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second assembly component in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second outer ring assembly state of the second assembly component in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment, and the retainer locating ring is installed at this time; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second outer ring assembly state of the second assembly component in the optional equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing of this embodiment, at which time the rolling body is installed but not pressed into the second outer ring; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second outer ring assembly state of the second assembly component in the optional equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing of this embodiment, at which time the installed rolling body has been pressed into the second outer ring; Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a test device in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment; Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner ring clamping assembly in the optional equipment for self-preloading back-to-back angular contact ball bearings of this embodiment; Fig.15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the outer ring mounting assembly and the deadweight compensation assembly in the optional equipment of the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 3-Figure 15 As shown, the optional equipment for the self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearing comprises a spacer ring selecting device, an assembly device and a testing device, and the spacer ring selecting device, the assembly device and the testing device are separately arranged.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 3-Figure 5As shown, the spacer ring optional device includes an optional mounting seat 13, an optional load block 11 and an end face measuring instrument 12. The top surface of the optional mounting seat 13 is an outer ring positioning surface 151. The outer ring positioning surface 151 is provided with an inner ring accommodating hole 14. The end face measuring instrument 12 is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole 14. The optional load block 11 is provided with an inner ring loading surface 111. The loading end of the optional load block 11 is provided with a limiting mandrel 112. The outer side of the limiting mandrel 112 is provided with an inner ring loading step distributed in an annular manner. The inner ring loading surface 111 is arranged on the inner ring loading step. The limiting mandrel 112 is used to be inserted into the inner ring, and plays a positioning role between the optional load block 11 and the inner ring.

[0031] Specifically, Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the optional mounting seat 13 includes a mounting base and a standard ring 15, the mounting base and the standard ring 15 are arranged in upper and lower parts, the inner ring accommodating hole 14 passes through the standard ring 15 and extends into the mounting base; the end surface measuring instrument 12 is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument 12 is aligned with the upper end surface of the mounting base. The length of the standard ring 15 corresponds to the length of the inner ring. According to different inner ring lengths, standard rings 15 of different specifications can be selected to improve the scope of application.

[0032] When performing the spacer ring selection operation, the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements are assembled at the first end of the inner ring, the inner ring is inserted into the inner ring receiving hole 14, the detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 is in contact with the end face of the inner ring, the inner ring loading surface 111 of the optional load block 11 is pressed on the first outer ring, and the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12 is recorded. The first outer ring and the first retaining frame are disassembled, the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements are assembled at the second end of the inner ring, the inner ring is inserted into the inner ring receiving hole 14, the detection end of the end face measuring instrument 12 is in contact with the end face of the inner ring, the lower end face of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface 151, the inner ring loading surface 111 of the optional load block 11 is pressed on the second outer ring, and the reading of the end face measuring instrument 12 is recorded. The height of the spacer ring can be determined based on the two readings of the end face measuring instrument 12, and the corresponding spacer ring can be selected.

[0033] Before assembly, the height requirement of the spacer ring can be determined through the spacer ring selection operation, and then the corresponding spacer ring can be selected for assembly, which can effectively improve the preload setting accuracy of the back-to-back angular contact ball bearings and simplify the preload adjustment operation.

[0034] like Figure 6-Figure 12 As shown, the assembly device includes a first assembly component and a second assembly component. Figure 6-Figure 8As shown, the first assembly component includes a first assembly mold 21, a first assembly boss 22 is provided on the top surface of the first assembly mold 21, and an inner ring mounting hole 23 is provided on the first assembly boss 22. Specifically, the height of the first assembly boss 22 is recorded as h, and the outer diameter is recorded as D, and the height of the inner ring mounting hole 23 is recorded as H, and the hole diameter is recorded as d, so h=0.3~0.4H, d=0.85~0.9D.

[0035] The first outer ring assembly step uses the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole 23, place the first outer ring on the first assembly mold 21, and sleeve it outside the first assembly boss 22, and place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss 22. The rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the first retaining frame. During the process of installing the rolling bodies, the first outer ring plays a role in limiting the outward movement of the rolling bodies. The first outer ring is lifted up, and the rolling body is pressed into the groove of the first outer ring to complete the assembly operation of the first outer ring.

[0036] like Figure 9-12 As shown, the second assembly component includes a second assembly mold 24 and a retainer positioning ring 27. The top surface of the second assembly mold 24 is provided with a positioning mandrel 26, and the outer side of the positioning mandrel 26 is provided with an inner ring positioning step 25. The retainer positioning ring 27 is separately provided with the second assembly mold 24, and the inner diameter of the retainer positioning ring 27 is larger than the positioning mandrel 26. Specifically, the outer diameter of the inner ring positioning step 25 is recorded as B, and the outer diameter of the positioning mandrel 26 is recorded as b, then b=0.8~0.85B. The retainer positioning ring 27 is divided into at least two sub-rings along the circumferential direction, and the central angle corresponding to each sub-ring is not greater than 180°. After the assembly is completed, the retainer positioning ring 27 can be removed smoothly and conveniently.

[0037] The second outer ring assembly step uses the second assembly component, and the middle piece is turned around and installed on the second assembly mold 24, wherein the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel 26, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step 25. The second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring, and the cage positioning ring 27 is placed on the first cage, and then the second cage is placed on the cage positioning ring 27. The rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the second cage, the second outer ring is lifted up, and the rolling bodies are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring, and the assembly operation of the second outer ring is completed. Then the spacer ring is pressed between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the assembly of the bearing.

[0038] like Figure 13-Figure 15As shown, the test device includes an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly 34 and a torque measuring assembly 35. The outer ring mounting assembly includes a test mounting seat 32 and a test load block 31, the top surface of the test mounting seat 32 is an outer ring bearing surface 321, and the test load block 31 is provided with an outer ring loading surface 311. Specifically, the test load block 31 is provided with an avoidance hole 312, and the avoidance hole 312 is arranged to penetrate the test load block 31 in the axial direction. In the test state, the test load block 31 is located above the test mounting seat 32, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface 311 and the outer ring bearing surface 321. The upper end of the clamping rod 341 is arranged through the avoidance hole 312, and the torque measuring assembly 35 is connected to the upper end of the clamping rod 341.

[0039] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the inner ring clamping assembly 34 includes a clamping rod 341 and two clamping end covers 342, the clamping end covers 342 are connected to the clamping rod 341, and an inner ring clamping section is formed between the two clamping end covers 342. One end of the clamping rod 341 is integrally arranged with one of the clamping end covers 342, and the other clamping end cover 342 is detachably mounted on the clamping rod 341. The inner ring clamping assembly 34 also includes a locking ring 343, which is mounted on the clamping rod 341 and is threadedly connected to the clamping rod 341. The torque measuring assembly 35 includes a torque wrench, and the torque measuring assembly 35 is detachably connected to the clamping rod 341.

[0040] In order to reduce the influence of the self-weight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 on the torque measurement result, the inner ring clamping assembly 34 is made of plastic with a relatively low density.

[0041] The measurement process uses the inner ring clamping assembly 34, places the inner ring between the two clamping end covers 342 and locks it, places one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface 321 of the test mounting seat 32, and places the test load block 31 on the other end of the outer ring. The test load block 31 and the test mounting seat 32 jointly press the outer ring. The torque measurement assembly 35 is connected to the clamping rod 341, and the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 are driven to rotate relative to the outer ring, and the measured starting torque is obtained through the torque measurement assembly 35.

[0042] like Fig.13 and Fig.15As shown, further, a compensation operation hole 322 is provided on the outer ring bearing surface 321, and the test device further includes a self-weight compensation assembly 33, and the self-weight compensation assembly 33 includes a top plate 331 and an adjustment mechanism 332, the top plate 331 is arranged in the compensation operation hole 322, the adjustment mechanism 332 is connected to the test mounting seat 32, and is adjusted up and down, the top plate 331 is connected to the adjustment mechanism 332, and a pressure sensor is provided between the top plate 331 and the adjustment mechanism 332. Specifically, the top plate 331 and the adjustment mechanism 332 are connected by a spring 333.

[0043] When measuring the starting torque, after the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 are placed on the outer ring bearing surface 321, the position of the top plate 331 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 332 until the top plate 331 contacts the inner ring clamping assembly 34, and the top plate 331 compensates for the deadweight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34. The magnitude of the compensation force can be intuitively obtained through the pressure sensor, and the magnitude of the compensation force can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism 332 until the compensation force basically compensates for the deadweight of the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34. The top plate 331 is set to float through the spring 333, and the magnitude of the compensation force is more convenient to adjust, and the adjustment accuracy is more reliable.

[0044] The optional equipment of the present application can skillfully complete the assembly of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, achieve efficient and reliable assembly operations, and can measure the starting torque of the bearings, using starting torque measurement instead of preload force measurement to determine the bearing processing quality, thereby ensuring efficient and reliable production of back-to-back angular contact ball bearings.

[0045] The method for selecting and matching self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings adopts the matching equipment as described above; and at least comprises the following steps: S01. Determination of the height of the spacer ring: Select the inner ring 06, the first outer ring 01, the first retaining frame 07, the second outer ring 03, the second retaining frame 04 and a specific number of rolling elements 05.

[0046] The spacer ring matching device is used to assemble the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring. The inner ring is inserted downwardly into the inner ring accommodating hole 14 with the second end thereof. The detection end of the end surface measuring instrument 12 contacts the end surface of the second end of the inner ring. The lower end surface of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface 151. The inner ring loading surface 111 of the matching load block 11 is pressed against the upper end surface of the first outer ring. The reading of the end surface measuring instrument 12 is recorded, that is, Figure 4 Status shown.

[0047] Disassemble the first outer ring and the first retaining frame, assemble the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the second end of the inner ring, insert the first end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole 14, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument 12 contacts the end surface of the first end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface 151, press the inner ring loading surface 111 of the optional load block 11 on the upper end surface of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end surface measuring instrument 12. Determine the height of the spacer ring according to the two readings of the end surface measuring instrument 12, and select the corresponding spacer ring 02.

[0048] S02. Spacer ring grouping: Measure the height of the spacer ring and divide a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2um. After the measurement is completed, the spacer ring is cut into two half rings along the diameter line. By measuring and grouping the spacer rings, it is convenient for the selection and replacement of the spacer rings and improves the selection efficiency. The half ring can be easily pressed between the first outer ring and the second outer ring from both sides.

[0049] S1. Assembly of the first outer ring: Use the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole 23 with the first end facing upward and the second end facing downward. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss 22, and the second groove on the inner ring is located in the inner ring mounting hole 23; place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold 21, and sleeve it on the outside of the first assembly boss 22. At this time, the low rib of the groove on the first outer ring is set upward. Place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss 22, and align the ball pocket hole of the first retaining frame with the first groove of the inner ring. Install a specific number of rolling bodies into the first retaining frame in sequence. During the process of installing the rolling bodies, the first outer ring restricts the rolling bodies from moving outward, that is, Figure 7 The first outer ring is lifted upwards, and the rolling element is pressed into the groove of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the rolling element are combined into an intermediate piece, that is, Figure 8 Status shown.

[0050] S2. Second outer ring assembly: Use the second assembly component to install the intermediate piece on the second assembly mold 24, wherein the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel 26 with the second end facing upward, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step 25, that is, Fig.10 The state shown. The second outer ring is placed outside the inner ring and abuts against the first outer ring, and the low rib of the groove on the second outer ring is set upward. The retainer positioning ring 27 is placed on the first retainer, and then the second retainer is placed on the retainer positioning ring 27, and the ball pocket hole of the second retainer is aligned with the second groove of the inner ring. A specific number of rolling elements are sequentially installed in the second retainer, the second outer ring is lifted up, and the rolling elements are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring, that is, Fig.11 Status shown.

[0051] S3. Spacer ring assembly: Press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the bearing assembly. Fig.12 Status shown.

[0052] S4. Starting torque test: Use the inner ring clamping assembly 34, place the inner ring between the two clamping end covers 342, and lock it, as shown in Fig.14 Place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface 321 of the test mount 32, and place the test load block 31 on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface 311 contacts the corresponding end surface of the outer ring. The test load block 31 and the test mount 32 jointly press the outer ring. Fig.13 The state shown. Connect the torque measuring assembly 35 to the clamping rod 341, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly 34 to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measuring assembly 35. Compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified. When the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined to not meet the design requirements, remove the current spacer ring, select the spacer ring of the adjacent group to the current spacer ring, and repeat steps S3 and S4.

[0053] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Optional equipment for self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, characterized in that: At least: An assembly device, wherein the assembly device comprises a first assembly component and a second assembly component, wherein the first assembly component comprises a first assembly mold, wherein the top surface of the first assembly mold is provided with a first assembly boss, wherein the first assembly boss is provided with an inner ring mounting hole; wherein the second assembly component comprises a second assembly mold and a retainer positioning ring, wherein the top surface of the second assembly mold is provided with a positioning mandrel, wherein the outer side of the positioning mandrel is provided with an inner ring positioning step; wherein the retainer positioning ring is separately provided with the second assembly mold, and the inner diameter of the retainer positioning ring is larger than that of the positioning mandrel; A test device, the test device comprising an outer ring mounting assembly, an inner ring clamping assembly and a torque measuring assembly; the outer ring mounting assembly comprises a test mounting seat and a test load block, the top surface of the test mounting seat is an outer ring bearing surface, and the test load block is provided with an outer ring loading surface; in a test state, the test load block is located above the test mounting seat, and an outer ring mounting interval is formed between the outer ring loading surface and the outer ring bearing surface; The inner ring clamping assembly comprises a clamping rod and two clamping end covers, the clamping end cover is connected to the clamping rod, and an inner ring clamping interval is formed between the two clamping end covers; the torque measuring assembly is detachably connected to the clamping rod.

2. The optional equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retainer positioning ring is divided into at least two sub-rings along the circumferential direction, and the central angle corresponding to each sub-ring is not greater than 180°.

3. The optional equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test load block is provided with an avoidance hole, and the avoidance hole is arranged to penetrate the test load block along the axial direction; in the test state, the upper end of the clamping rod passes through the avoidance hole, and the torque measurement component is connected to the upper end of the clamping rod.

4. The matching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the clamping rod is integrally arranged with one of the clamping end covers, and the other clamping end cover is detachably sleeved on the clamping rod; the inner ring clamping assembly also includes a locking ring, which is sleeved on the clamping rod and threadedly connected to the clamping rod.

5. The optional equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a spacer ring optional device, which includes an optional mounting seat, an optional load block and an end face measuring instrument. The top surface of the optional mounting seat is an outer ring positioning surface, an inner ring accommodating hole is provided on the outer ring positioning surface, and the end face measuring instrument is arranged in the inner ring accommodating hole; the optional load block is provided with an inner ring loading surface.

6. The matching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optional mounting seat includes a mounting base and a standard ring. The mounting base and the standard ring are arranged in upper and lower parts. The inner ring accommodating hole passes through the standard ring and extends into the mounting base. The end face measuring instrument is arranged in the mounting base, and the detection end of the end face measuring instrument is aligned with the upper end face of the mounting base.

7. The matching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting core shaft is provided at the loading end of the optional load block, an annular inner ring loading step is provided on the outer side of the limiting core shaft, and the inner ring loading surface is arranged on the inner ring loading step.

8. A method for selecting self-preloaded back-to-back angular contact ball bearings, characterized in that: The optional device according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is used; at least the following steps are included: S1. Assembly of the first outer ring: Use the first assembly component to install the inner ring into the inner ring mounting hole with the first end facing upward and the second end facing downward. At this time, the first groove on the inner ring is set higher than the first assembly boss, and the second groove on the inner ring is located in the inner ring mounting hole; place the first outer ring on the top surface of the first assembly mold, and sleeve it outside the first assembly boss. At this time, the low rib of the groove on the first outer ring is set upward; place the first retaining frame on the first assembly boss, and align the ball pocket hole of the first retaining frame with the first groove of the inner ring; install a specific number of rolling bodies into the first retaining frame in sequence; lift the first outer ring upward, and press the rolling body into the groove of the first outer ring. At this time, the inner ring, the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the rolling body are combined into an intermediate piece; S2. Assembly of the second outer ring: Use the second assembly component to install the intermediate piece on the second assembly mold, wherein the inner ring is sleeved on the positioning mandrel with the second end facing upward, and the first end of the inner ring is set on the inner ring positioning step; the second outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring and abuts against the first outer ring, and the low rib of the groove on the second outer ring is set upward; the retainer positioning ring is placed on the first retainer, and then the second retainer is placed on the retainer positioning ring, and the ball pocket hole of the second retainer is aligned with the second groove of the inner ring; a specific number of rolling bodies are sequentially installed in the second retainer, the second outer ring is lifted upward, and the rolling bodies are pressed into the groove of the second outer ring; S3. Spacer ring assembly: press the spacer ring between the first outer ring and the second outer ring to complete the bearing assembly; S4. Starting torque test: Use the inner ring clamping assembly to place the inner ring between the two clamping end covers and lock it; place one end of the outer ring on the outer ring bearing surface of the test mount, and place the test load block on the other end of the outer ring. The outer ring loading surface contacts the corresponding end surface of the outer ring, and the test load block and the test mount jointly press the outer ring; connect the torque measuring assembly to the clamping rod, drive the inner ring and the inner ring clamping assembly to rotate relative to the outer ring, and obtain the measured starting torque through the torque measuring assembly; compare the measured starting torque with the designed starting torque. If the measured starting torque is not greater than the designed starting torque, it is judged to meet the design requirements and the product is qualified.

9. The matching method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before step S1, at least the following steps are included: S01. Determination of the height of the spacer ring: selecting an inner ring, a first outer ring, a first cage, a second outer ring, a second cage and a specific number of rolling elements; Using the spacer ring matching device, assemble the first outer ring, the first retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements at the first end of the inner ring, insert the second end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the second end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the first outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block is pressed on the upper end surface of the first outer ring, and the reading of the end surface measuring instrument is recorded; Disassemble the first outer ring and the first retaining frame, assemble the second outer ring, the second retaining frame and the corresponding number of rolling elements on the second end of the inner ring, insert the first end of the inner ring downward into the inner ring accommodating hole, the detection end of the end surface measuring instrument contacts the end surface of the first end of the inner ring, the lower end surface of the second outer ring is placed on the outer ring positioning surface, press the inner ring loading surface of the optional load block on the upper end surface of the second outer ring, and record the reading of the end surface measuring instrument; Determine the height of the spacer ring based on the two readings of the end face measuring instrument and select the corresponding spacer ring.

10. The matching method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before step S1, at least the following steps are included: S02. Spacer ring grouping: measuring the height of the spacer rings, and dividing a certain number of spacer rings into several groups with a height accuracy of 2um; In step S4, when the measured starting torque is greater than the designed starting torque, it is determined that the design requirements are not met; the current spacer ring is removed, and a spacer ring of a group adjacent to the current spacer ring is selected, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated.

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