Proportional valve

Abstract

The proportional valve belongs to the technical field of valves and comprises a valve body and a valve element installed in the valve body, the valve element is of a block-shaped structure and comprises a first valve block and a second valve block, water passing holes are formed in the first valve block and the second valve block, and the two valve blocks are in sliding contact with each other in a movable sealing mode to form a whole. The first valve block and the second valve block are vertically installed in a valve cavity of the valve body in a sliding mode through a first driving rod and a second driving rod respectively, the vertical moving speed of the first driving rod is higher than that of the second driving rod, and the first driving rod and the second driving rod are opposite in moving direction, so that water passing holes of the two valve blocks are crossed and overlapped with valve holes in the valve body to different degrees. According to the proportional valve, flow regulation control can be rapidly and efficiently carried out, a dual regulation combination mechanism is adopted, the regulation precision is high, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a proportional valve. Background Art

[0002] Proportional valve, also known as electro-hydraulic proportional valve, is a hydraulic valve that converts input electrical signals into force or displacement in proportion, thereby continuously controlling parameters such as pressure and flow. It consists of a DC proportional solenoid and a hydraulic valve, and controls the flow, pressure and direction of the hydraulic system through electrical signals. The main function of the proportional valve is to control the flow and direction of the oil, and is suitable for industries such as petroleum, gas, chemical industry, and water treatment.

[0003] Common proportional valves are composed of two parts: a DC proportional solenoid and a hydraulic valve. The DC proportional solenoid generates corresponding displacement and suction according to the input electrical signal, thereby controlling the valve core movement of the hydraulic valve and realizing continuous flow control. The working principle of the proportional valve is to adjust the parameters of the hydraulic system through the continuous change of the electrical signal, and has the characteristics of fast response speed and high control accuracy. The hydraulic valve part of the existing proportional valve, that is, the movement control structure of the valve core is not divided. Generally, the traditional valve core and its movement control structure are used. Circular holes are machined on the valve core and the valve body, and the rotation angle or vertical movement displacement of the valve core is changed to achieve the purpose of changing the actual flow cross-sectional size of the valve hole. This adjustment structure has the defects of single adjustment efficiency and precision. No matter how large the flow rate is, the movement speed of the valve core is a constant speed. Therefore, once it is necessary to quickly adjust from a small flow rate to a maximum flow rate, the adjustment time is relatively long. If the adjustment time is also very short, it means that the valve core The moving speed must be extremely fast. Then, in order to adjust from one flow value to another close flow value under this high-speed movement, the valve hole will not have the performance of fine adjustment, which may lead to an increase in the adjustment error. This is just like using a 1-meter ruler to measure the length of 0.5 cm and 50 cm respectively. The final measurement accuracy may be different because the unit scale division precision is different. Similarly, the precision control degree of the valve hole movement of the proportional valve is different. Therefore, there is a requirement to use large-diameter valves for large flow and small-diameter valves for small flow. There is a gap in their applicability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a proportional valve to effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, take into account both the adjustment efficiency and the adjustment precision as much as possible, and improve the adaptability of the proportional valve to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a proportional valve, comprising a valve body and a valve core installed in the valve body, the valve core is a block structure, including a first valve block and a second valve block each of which is provided with a water passing hole, the two valve blocks are in dynamic sealing sliding contact with each other as a whole, the first valve block and the second valve block are respectively installed in the valve cavity of the valve body for vertical sliding through a first driving rod and a second driving rod, the vertical movement speed of the first driving rod is faster than that of the second driving rod and the two move in opposite directions, so that the water passing holes of the two valve blocks overlap with the valve hole in the valve body to varying degrees.

[0006] Furthermore, the two valve blocks are both rectangular block structures with smooth surfaces, and a rectangular sliding cavity perpendicular to the valve hole is provided at the center of the valve hole. The two valve blocks are vertically slidably installed in the rectangular sliding cavity. Each valve hole is attached to the surface of the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity, and a rectangular sealing ring is embedded in it. The rectangular sealing ring is always in dynamic and sealing sliding contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the rectangular sealing ring is also provided on the side of the two valve blocks that are in smooth contact with each other, and all the sealing rings are embedded in the outer edges of the valve blocks where they are located.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the water hole and the valve hole are both rectangular, and the length and width of the two are the same, so that the water hole and the valve hole can be coaxially aligned and completely overlapped.

[0009] Furthermore, a bearing plate is provided at the bottom of the rectangular sliding cavity, and the bearing plate is respectively in contact with the bottoms of the two valve blocks through two pressure-resistant springs, and two driving rods are respectively fixed on the tops of the valve blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, the supporting plate includes a cylindrical body portion and a supporting plate. The circular supporting plate is coaxially fixed integrally to the inner side of the cylindrical cylindrical body portion. The supporting plate is provided with two downwardly recessed cylindrical grooves. A guide rod is coaxially fixed in each cylindrical groove. The top end of each guide rod extends axially into the socket of the valve hole opposite thereto in a sliding manner, and the pressure-resistant spring is movably mounted on the guide rod between the valve hole and the bottom of the cylindrical groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the carrier plate is installed in a vertical sliding cooperation in the rectangular sliding cavity, and an adjusting bolt is provided at the bottom of the valve body. After the adjusting bolt is screwed into the rectangular sliding cavity, it is rotationally connected with the bottom of the carrier plate, and the two can never be separated.

[0012] Furthermore, a countersunk screw hole for installing the adjusting bolt is provided on the bottom surface of the valve body, the countersunk screw hole is used to accommodate the nut of the adjusting bolt, and a disc spring is provided between the nut and the countersunk platform of the countersunk screw hole, and the disc spring is always in an extruded state.

[0013] Furthermore, the first driving rod and the second driving rod are both screw rods, and the pitch of the first driving rod is greater than the pitch of the second driving rod; two sections of threaded sleeves are installed in situ and rotate near the top end of the valve body, and the bottom ports of the two sections of threaded sleeves are used for the top threads of the two screw rods to be screwed in, and a transmission gear is coaxially fixed to one end of each threaded sleeve extending out of the top of the valve body, and the two transmission gears are respectively meshed with a set of speed gears, and the two sets of speed gears are connected to the main shaft of a fixedly installed stepping motor, so that the rotation speed of the first driving rod is higher than the rotation speed of the second driving rod.

[0014] Furthermore, both sets of speed change gears are driven by a driving gear mounted on the main shaft, and the top surface of the driving gear is in contact with the friction disc on the main shaft to achieve friction transmission, and the two friction discs are axially pressed together by an annular cover coaxially fixed on the top surface of the driving gear; The gear shaft of the driving gear is rotatably mounted in a stepped hole at the top of the valve body, an electromagnet is arranged on the step surface of the stepped hole, an axially retractable elastic ring with viscomagnetic properties is sleeved on the gear shaft between the electromagnet and the driving gear, when the electromagnet is energized, the axial thrust force applied to the elastic ring has an obstructive effect on the rotation of the driving gear, when the stepper motor rotates at the rated speed, if the electromagnet current increases, the speed of the driving gear decreases.

[0015] The present invention provides a proportional valve having the following beneficial effects: 1. Simple and compact structure, rectangular valve hole, easy to accurately calculate the relationship between valve hole displacement and flow change.

[0016] 2. Two-stage adjustment mechanism: the two valve holes move toward each other from the upper and lower sides of the valve holes, and each participates in the overlapping control of the effective flow area of ​​the valve holes at its own moving pace, which can quickly and finely adjust the flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rectangular sealing ring; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a specific driving control structure between an electromagnet and a driving rod; In the figure: valve body 1, valve hole 2, valve block 3, screw 4, rectangular sliding cavity 5, water hole 6, rectangular sealing ring 7, bearing plate 8, cylinder part 801, bearing plate 802, cylindrical groove 803, guide rod 9, pressure-resistant spring 10, adjusting bolt 11, disc spring 12, nut 13, transmission gear 14, stepping motor 15, main shaft 16, friction plate 17, annular cover 18, driving gear 19, gear shaft 20, electromagnet 21, elastic ring 22, first threaded sleeve 23, second threaded sleeve 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] This specification will clearly and completely express the technical solutions in the following examples based on the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The implementation methods described in this specification are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments extended and inspired by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments in this application without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 A proportional valve is shown, the main structure of which includes a valve body 1 and a valve core installed in the valve body 1. The valve core is a block structure, specifically including a first valve block 3 and a second valve block 3, each of which has a water hole 6 inside. The two valve blocks 3 are in dynamic sealing sliding contact with each other as a whole, that is, the two are close to each other and slide with each other. The first valve block 3 and the second valve block 3 are respectively installed in the valve cavity of the valve body 1 through a first driving rod and a second driving rod in a vertical sliding cooperation mode, as a core component for regulating flow, and, in particular, the vertical movement speed of the first driving rod is faster than that of the second driving rod, and, very importantly, the movement directions of the two driving rods are opposite, that is, assuming that the first driving rod pushes the first valve block 3 downward, the second driving rod should push the second valve block 3 upward, and the two valve blocks 3 move towards each other, so that the water holes 6 of the two valve blocks 3 can overlap with the valve hole 2 in the valve body 1 to varying degrees, thereby forming a corresponding flow control effect. In the above embodiment structure, due to the different axial movement speeds of the two driving rods, the vertical sliding speeds of the two valve blocks 3 remain unchanged, and the vertical movement positions of the two water holes 6 are different. In addition, the water hole 6 on the first valve block 3 driven by the first driving rod has a larger movement amplitude and can quickly move to a position closest to the set flow rate, that is, this water hole 6 and the valve block 3 quickly form an overlapping connecting area of ​​a water flow channel of a rough range, and the movement speed of the second valve block 3 is slower, which can achieve fine adjustment to avoid the difficulty in accurately grasping the movement amount due to excessive movement amplitude, which is equivalent to the overlapping area between the second valve block 3 and the valve block 3 constituting a flow control, and the relatively fine displacement relationship formed by the second valve block 3 relative to the first valve block 3 constitutes another flow change mechanism, and the adjustment amplitude is finer.

[0020] In specific practice, Figure 1 As shown, the two valve blocks 3 in this embodiment are both rectangular block structures with smooth surfaces. In the center of the valve hole 2, there is also a rectangular sliding cavity 5 which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve hole 2. The two valve blocks 3 are vertically slidably installed in the rectangular sliding cavity 5, and each valve hole 2 is attached to the surface of the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity 5, and is embedded with Figure 2 A rectangular sealing ring 7 is shown, and the rectangular sealing ring 7 is always in dynamic sealing sliding contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity 5 to achieve sliding sealing. In addition, a rectangular sealing ring 7 is also provided on the side of the two valve blocks 3 that are in smooth contact with each other, and all the sealing rings are embedded in the outer edge of the valve block 3 where they are located, so as to fully achieve dynamic sealing and avoid leakage that affects the flow control accuracy. As a specific manufacturing detail structure, the cross-sections of the water hole 6 and the valve hole 2 are both rectangular, and the length and width of the two are the same, so that the water hole 6 and the valve hole 2 can be coaxially aligned and completely overlapped when necessary. The reason why a hole with a rectangular cross section is used here is that when such holes overlap and cross each other, it is easy to calculate the actual overlapping area, while the common circular hole structure has an estimation factor in the calculation principle of the fan-shaped cross section formed by the overlap itself, so it is difficult to accurately calculate the displacement of the valve block 3 and the area of ​​the overlapping connection area between the holes.

[0021] As another implementation detail, Figure 1 In this embodiment, a bearing plate 8 is provided at the bottom of the rectangular sliding cavity 5. The bearing plate 8 is respectively in contact with the bottom of the two valve blocks 3 through two pressure-resistant springs 10. The two driving rods are respectively fixed on the top of the valve blocks 3, which can ensure that the valve blocks 3 can move more stably and accurately, and have a more secure position stability after moving into place. Figure 1 The carrier plate 8 in this embodiment includes a barrel portion 801 and a carrier plate 802. A circular carrier plate 802 is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the cylindrical barrel portion 801. The carrier plate 802 is a circular plate. Two cylindrical grooves 803 are formed by depressions facing downwards on the carrier plate 802. A guide rod 9 is coaxially fixed in each cylindrical groove 803. The top end of each guide rod 9 must be axially slidably inserted into a plug hole of the valve hole 2 directly opposite to it, and a pressure-resistant spring 10 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 9 between the valve hole 2 and the bottom of the cylindrical groove 803, so as to better achieve the purpose of making the above-mentioned valve block 3 more stable and accurate when moving. In addition, the barrel portion 801 also serves to limit the downward position of the valve block 3, to prevent the valve block 3 from moving too far downward and out of the sealing relationship, and to prevent the pressure-resistant spring 10 from being excessively squeezed together with the cylindrical groove 803.

[0022] Continue reading Figure 1The carrier plate 8 is installed in the rectangular sliding cavity 5 in a vertical sliding cooperation manner, and an adjusting bolt 11 is provided at the bottom of the valve body 1. After the adjusting bolt 11 is screwed into the rectangular sliding cavity 5, it is rotatably connected with the bottom of the carrier plate 8, and the two can never be separated. For example, the end of the adjusting bolt 11 is a T-bolt structure, which is rotated and installed in a corresponding connecting hole at the bottom of the carrier plate 8, so as to maintain the rotation relationship without being separated from each other. Through such a structural design, the position of the carrier plate 8 can be adjusted, that is, on the one hand, the limit position of the downward movement of the valve block 3 is controlled. Another key function is to increase the pre-tightening force of the pressure-resistant spring 10 on the valve block 3, so as to better ensure the stability of the valve block 3 when it moves into place, and even to well eliminate the slight axial movement that may be caused by the tooth gap between the threaded fittings when the driving rod is a screw rod 4 mentioned later. For fixing the adjusting screw 4, a countersunk screw hole for installing the adjusting bolt 11 can be specially provided on the bottom surface of the valve body 1. The countersunk screw hole is used to accommodate the nut 13 of the adjusting bolt 11. A disc spring 12 is provided between the nut 13 and the countersunk platform of the countersunk screw hole. The disc spring 12 is always in an extruded state, so that no matter how the adjusting bolt 11 is screwed in, it maintains a certain tightness.

[0023] Based on the structure of the above embodiment, the first driving rod and the second driving rod mentioned are both screw rods 4, and the pitch of the first driving rod is greater than the pitch of the second driving rod, so as to achieve the purpose of the axial movement speed of the first driving rod being faster than that of the second driving rod. Of course, in order to meet the conditions for reverse movement, the threads of the two must be reversed. In order to drive these driving rods, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 , two sections of threaded sleeves can be installed in situ and rotated at the top of the valve body 1, that is, Figure 1 The first threaded sleeve 23 and the second threaded sleeve 24 in the valve body 1 have bottom ports for the top threads of the two screw rods 4 to be screwed in. A transmission gear 14 is coaxially fixed to one end of each threaded sleeve extending from the top of the valve body 1. The two transmission gears 14 are respectively meshed with a set of speed gears. Both sets of speed gears are connected to the main shaft 16 of a fixedly mounted stepping motor 15. Through the transmission of the above-mentioned different speed gears, the rotation speed of the first driving rod can be higher than the rotation speed of the second driving rod. The specific design of the speed gear can be adaptively designed according to the transmission ratio required for flow control.

[0024] Finally, as an optimal design structure, in this embodiment, Figure 3The two sets of speed change gears used must both be driven by a driving gear 19 mounted on the main shaft 16. The top surface of the driving gear 19 is squeezed and contacted with the friction disc 17 on the main shaft 16 through the friction disc 17, thereby realizing friction transmission. That is, a friction disc 17 is fixed on the driving gear 19 and the main shaft 16 respectively, and the two friction discs 17 are axially squeezed together by the annular cover 18 coaxially fixed on the top surface of the driving gear 19. When the stepper motor 15 is started, the two friction discs 17 will begin to slip relative to each other at a certain moment, that is, the driving gear 19 and the friction disc 17 on its end surface rotate relative to the friction disc 17 on the main shaft 16 (because the stepper motor 15 is fixed, so the friction disc 17 connected to it is fixed). At the same time, the gear shaft 20 of the driving gear 19 is rotatably installed in a stepped hole at the top of the valve body 1, and an electromagnet 21 is provided on the step surface of the stepped hole. An axially retractable elastic ring 22 with viscomagnetic properties is axially sleeved on the gear shaft 20 between the electromagnet 21 and the driving gear 19, and the gear shaft 20 and the gears are preferably made of 316 stainless steel, so as to avoid additional obstruction due to viscomagnetism. In use, when the electromagnet 21 is energized, the axial thrust force applied to the elastic ring 22 can hinder the rotation of the driving gear 19. When the stepper motor 15 rotates at the rated speed, if the current of the electromagnet 21 increases, the speed of the driving gear 19 decreases, and then the stepless speed regulation of the driving gear 19 is realized, so that the purpose of fine control of each driving rod and the connected valve block 3 can be achieved, and the flow rate in the valve hole 2 can be flexibly and accurately adjusted.

[0025] It should be explained here that, in this specification, terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one feature from another, and do not mean that there is a certain relationship or order between these technical features. The terms "including" and "comprising" refer to the inclusion of one or some technical means or features, specifically meaning that there are other existing or non-existing technical features that have not been included. The discussion in the above embodiments is only a representative example for the present invention, and is by no means the only restrictive constraint feature. A person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that, without departing from the technical content recorded in all the claims of this application, some simple substitutions and modifications can be made, thereby changing or becoming equivalent to other specific embodiments and application scenarios. However, no matter how the adaptability is changed, these embodiments will inevitably fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A proportional valve, comprising a valve body (1) and a valve core installed in the valve body (1), wherein the displacement of the valve core is controlled by an electromagnet (21) with adjustable current, characterized in that: The valve core is a block structure, comprising a first valve block (3) and a second valve block (3) each of which is provided with a water passage hole (6). The two valve blocks (3) are in dynamic sealing sliding contact with each other as a whole. The first valve block (3) and the second valve block (3) are respectively installed in the valve cavity of the valve body (1) through a first driving rod and a second driving rod for vertical sliding. The vertical movement speed of the first driving rod is faster than that of the second driving rod, and the two driving directions are opposite, so that the water passage holes (6) of the two valve blocks (3) overlap with the valve hole (2) in the valve body (1) to varying degrees.

2. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two valve blocks (3) are both rectangular block structures with smooth surfaces, and are provided with a rectangular sliding cavity (5) perpendicular to the valve hole (2) at the center thereof. The two valve blocks (3) are vertically slidably installed in the rectangular sliding cavity (5), and a rectangular sealing ring (7) is embedded on the surface of the side wall of each valve hole (2) that is in contact with the rectangular sliding cavity (5). The rectangular sealing ring (7) is always in dynamic sealing sliding contact with the side wall of the rectangular sliding cavity (5).

3. A proportional valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangular sealing ring (7) is also provided on the side of the two valve blocks (3) that are in smooth contact with each other, and all the sealing rings are embedded in the outer edges of the valve blocks (3) where they are located.

4. A proportional valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the water passage hole (6) and the valve hole (2) are both rectangular, and their length and width dimensions are the same, so that the water passage hole (6) and the valve hole (2) can be coaxially aligned and completely overlapped.

5. A proportional valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bearing plate (8) is provided at the bottom of the rectangular sliding cavity (5), and the bearing plate (8) is respectively in contact with the bottoms of the two valve blocks (3) via two pressure-resistant springs (10), and two driving rods are respectively fixed on the tops of the valve blocks (3).

6. A proportional valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting plate (8) includes a barrel portion (801) and a supporting plate (802). The cylindrical barrel portion (801) is integrally and coaxially fixed with the circular supporting plate (802). The supporting plate (802) is provided with two downwardly recessed cylindrical grooves (803). A guide rod (9) is coaxially fixed in each cylindrical groove (803). The top end of each guide rod (9) is axially slidably fitted into the insertion hole of the valve hole (2) opposite thereto. The pressure-resistant spring (10) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (9) between the valve hole (2) and the bottom of the cylindrical groove (803).

7. A proportional valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting plate (8) is installed in a vertically sliding manner in the rectangular sliding cavity (5), and an adjusting bolt (11) is provided at the bottom of the valve body (1). After the adjusting bolt (11) is screwed into the rectangular sliding cavity (5), it is rotatably connected with the bottom of the supporting plate (8), and the two cannot be separated at all times.

8. A proportional valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: A countersunk screw hole for installing the adjusting bolt (11) is provided on the bottom surface of the valve body (1), and the countersunk screw hole is used to accommodate a nut (13) of the adjusting bolt (11). A disc spring (12) is provided between the nut (13) and the countersunk platform of the countersunk screw hole, and the disc spring (12) is always in an extruded state.

9. A proportional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving rod and the second driving rod are both screw rods (4), and the pitch of the first driving rod is greater than the pitch of the second driving rod; two sections of threaded sleeves are installed in situ and rotate near the top of the valve body (1), and the bottom ports of the two sections of threaded sleeves are used for the top threads of the two screw rods (4) to be screwed in in a matching manner; a transmission gear (14) is coaxially fixed to one end of each threaded sleeve extending out of the top of the valve body (1); the two transmission gears (14) are respectively meshed with a set of speed gears, and the two sets of speed gears are both connected to the main shaft (16) of a fixedly installed stepping motor (15) in a transmission manner, so that the rotation speed of the first driving rod is higher than the rotation speed of the second driving rod.

10. A proportional valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two groups of speed change gears are both driven by a driving gear (19) mounted on the main shaft (16), and the top surface of the driving gear (19) is pressed and contacted with the friction disc (17) on the main shaft (16) to realize friction transmission, and the two friction discs (17) are axially pressed together by an annular cover (18) coaxially fixed on the top surface of the driving gear (19); The gear shaft (20) of the driving gear (19) is rotatably mounted in a stepped hole at the top of the valve body (1). The electromagnet (21) is provided on the stepped surface of the stepped hole. An axially retractable elastic ring (22) with viscomagnetic properties is sleeved on the gear shaft (20) between the electromagnet (21) and the driving gear (19). When the electromagnet (21) is energized, the axial thrust force applied to the elastic ring (22) has an obstructive effect on the rotation of the driving gear (19). When the stepping motor (15) rotates at a rated speed, the speed of the driving gear (19) decreases as the current of the electromagnet (21) increases.

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