Bearing ring surface defect detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring. The method comprises the following steps: (a) conveying; (b) assembling; (c) pushing; and (d) detecting. The method is simple in process, high in automation degree, low in manual labor intensity, labor-saving, efficient, gradually ordered, free of mutual influence of front and rear bearing rings and easy to manage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing ring detection, and in particular relates to a method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring. Background Art

[0002] Bearing rings are commonly used mechanical transmission parts. In the manufacturing process of bearing rings, there will be some unqualified products, such as pits, black skin, cracks and other quality defects on the surface. At present, most of them are identified manually. Due to differences in human vision or other human factors, there will be misjudgments, missed inspections and other phenomena, and the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low; some use detection devices to cooperate with manual inspection. In order to prevent the bearing rings from running off due to their light weight, workers usually install the bearing rings on the holders, and then put the holders one by one on the conveyor line, and then send them to the inspection station by the conveyor line. The assembly efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a surface defect detection method for a bearing ring, which has simple process, high degree of automation, low labor intensity, labor saving and high efficiency, step-by-step and orderly, and the front and rear bearing rings do not affect each other, and are easy to manage.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0006] (a) Transportation:

[0007] ① Place the card holder on the first conveying mechanism, and the first conveying mechanism drives the card holders forward one by one;

[0008] ② Place the bearing rings on the second conveying mechanism, and the second conveying mechanism drives the bearing rings forward one by one;

[0009] (b) Assembly:

[0010] ① The first card seat falls from the outlet end of the first conveying mechanism, then slides along the first material guide table to the support table, and is blocked by the fixed block on the support table, and the first card seat stops moving forward;

[0011] ② The first bearing ring falls from the outlet end of the second conveying mechanism, then slides along the second material guide platform into the material guide barrel, vertically falls onto the first clamping seat through the material guide channel of the material guide barrel, and squeezes the elastic clamping piece on the clamping seat to make the elastic clamping piece open outward, thereby clamping the bearing ring to obtain an assembly;

[0012] (c) Pushing: The control host controls the first pushing mechanism to start, and the first pushing mechanism pushes the assembly on the support table forward, so that the assembly leaves the support table, and the assembly slides along the third guide table to the detection table, and is blocked by the positioning block on the detection table, and the assembly stops moving forward;

[0013] (d) Detection:

[0014] ① The control host controls the image collector to start, the image collector collects the appearance image of the bearing ring, and sends the collected appearance image to the control host, and the control host compares and records the received appearance image with the pre-stored standard image;

[0015] ② After the inspection is completed, the control host controls the second pushing mechanism to start, and the second pushing mechanism pushes the assembly on the inspection table forward, so that the assembly leaves the inspection table, falls on the product conveyor line, and is sent to the next process.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (b), after the bearing ring falls on the holder, the control host controls the stroke cylinder to start, extends its output end to drive the pressure plate to rotate downward, so that the pressure plate presses down the bearing ring, and the bearing ring squeezes the elastic clip, so that the elastic clip is stretched outward, and then the bearing ring is clamped; then the stroke cylinder retracts its output end, drives the pressure plate to rotate upward and return to its original position, and waits for the next action. By pressing the bearing ring downward with the pressure plate, the squeezing force of the bearing ring on the elastic clip is increased, so that the elastic clip is stretched outward to a greater extent, and the bearing ring is easier to enter the clamping space of the elastic clip. When the elastic clip retracts inward, it can increase the contact area between it and the outer wall of the bearing ring, thereby improving the clamping effect.

[0017] Furthermore, an L-shaped bracket is provided on the material guide barrel, and a stroke cylinder and a pressure plate are rotatably connected to the L-shaped bracket. The stroke cylinder is electrically connected to the control host, and the output end of the stroke cylinder is rotatably connected to the pressure plate.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (a), the holder includes a bearing seat and an elastic holder, the elastic holder includes a mounting portion and an elastic bending portion, the elastic bending portion is distributed around the mounting portion, and the mounting portion is fixed to the bearing seat. The shaft sleeve ring presses the elastic holder downward, causing the elastic bending portion to bend outward, and the elastic bending portion generates a rebound force to tighten inward, and multiple directions act simultaneously to clamp the bearing ring, which is in close contact and has a large friction force. The bearing ring cannot be freely separated from the elastic holder, and the assembly stability is high.

[0019] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided on the bearing seat, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control host. The pressure sensor detects the pressure change data on the bearing seat in real time, and sends the data to the control host for comparison with the preset standard value. When the bearing ring falls on the elastic clamp, the detected data is greater than the preset standard value, and the control host controls the stroke cylinder to start, driving the pressure plate to rotate downward, so that it presses the bearing ring downward.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (b), a support platform is provided between the first material guiding platform and the second material guiding platform, and a fixed stopper and a first material pushing mechanism are provided on the support platform, and the first material pushing mechanism is electrically connected to the control host.

[0021] Furthermore, the fixed stopper and the positioning stopper are both provided with magnets that are magnetically attracted to the bearing seat. After the fixed stopper and the positioning stopper collide with the bearing seat, they can be attracted to prevent the bearing seat from retreating due to inertia, causing it to deviate from the expected position and avoid affecting subsequent assembly and inspection processes.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (b), the outlet end of the second material guide platform is connected to a material guide cylinder, which is located above the support platform, and a material guide channel is provided in the material guide cylinder for the bearing ring to pass through. The material guide cylinder guides the bearing ring so that the bearing ring can smoothly fall on the card seat below without falling to the left and right to affect the automatic assembly, thereby ensuring the continuity of the detection.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (c), the detection platform includes a support frame, a table plate, a second pushing mechanism and an image collector. The table plate, the second pushing mechanism and the image collector are respectively arranged on the support frame. The second pushing mechanism is located on one side of the table plate. The second pushing mechanism is electrically connected to the control host. The image collector is located above the table plate, and a positioning block is provided on the table plate.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0025] The holder and the bearing ring arrive at the assembly station successively, and the bearing ring falls freely onto the elastic holder of the holder, and squeezes the elastic bending part to make the elastic bending part bend outward, and the elastic bending part generates rebound force to tighten inward, and multiple directions act simultaneously to clamp the bearing ring to obtain the assembly of the holder and the bearing ring, and the automatic assembly eliminates the manual assembly process, which is labor-saving, efficient, orderly and not prone to errors; the pressure sensor sends the detected pressure change data to the control host, and judges that the data is greater than the preset standard value, and the control host controls The stroke cylinder is started, and the control host controls the stroke cylinder to start, extending its output end to drive the pressure plate to rotate downward, so that the pressure plate presses the bearing ring, increasing the squeezing force of the bearing ring on the elastic bending part, making the elastic bending part expand outward to a larger extent, and the bearing ring is easier to enter the clamping space of the elastic clip. When the elastic bending part retracts inward, it can increase the contact area between it and the outer wall of the bearing ring, the friction force is greater, and it is more difficult for the bearing ring to freely detach from the elastic clip, preventing the bearing ring from loosening freely, with good clamping effect and high assembly stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection device in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0029] Figure 3 A positional relationship diagram of the second conveying mechanism and the second material guiding platform in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the bearing ring being compressed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the stroke cylinder and the pressure plate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection platform in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card holder in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1-first conveying mechanism; 2-second conveying mechanism; 3-first material guiding platform; 4-second material guiding platform; 5-third material guiding platform; 6-detection platform; 7-support platform; 8-fixed stopper; 9-first material pushing mechanism; 10-material guiding cylinder; 11-material guiding channel; 12-L-shaped bracket; 13-stroke cylinder; 14-pressing plate; 15-support frame; 16-table; 17-second material pushing mechanism; 18-image collector; 19-positioning stopper; 20-card holder; 21-bearing seat; 22-elastic card; 23-installation part; 24-elastic bending part; 25-pressure sensor; 26-semicircular protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the detection device used in the present invention comprises a first conveying mechanism 1, a second conveying mechanism 2, a first material guide table 3, a second material guide table 4, a third material guide table 5 and a detection table 6. The first conveying mechanism 1 and the second conveying mechanism 2 can both adopt belt conveyors. The first material guide table 3 is located at the outlet end of the first conveying mechanism 1, and the second material guide table 4 is located at the outlet end of the second conveying mechanism 2. A support table 7 is provided between the first material guide table 3 and the second material guide table 4. A fixed stopper 8 is provided on the support table 7. A first pushing mechanism 9 is provided on one side of the support table 7. The pushing direction of the first pushing mechanism 9 is perpendicular to the blocking direction of the fixed stopper 8. The first pushing mechanism 9 is electrically connected to the control host, and the first pushing mechanism 9 can adopt an electric cylinder.

[0036] The outlet end of the second material guide platform 4 is connected with a material guide cylinder 10, which is located above the support platform 7. A material guide channel 11 is provided in the material guide cylinder 10 for the bearing ring to pass through. An L-shaped bracket 12 is provided on the material guide cylinder 10, and a stroke cylinder 13 and a pressure plate 14 are rotatably connected to the L-shaped bracket 12. The stroke cylinder 13 is electrically connected to the control host, and the output end of the stroke cylinder 13 is rotatably connected to the pressure plate 14. A semicircular protrusion 26 is provided on the pressure plate 14, which has a large contact area with the bearing ring and a good downward pressing effect.

[0037] The third material guide platform 5 is located between the detection platform 6 and the support platform 7. The support platform 7 is higher than the detection platform 6. The detection platform 6 includes a support frame 15, a table 16, a second pushing mechanism 17 and an image collector 18. The table 16, the second pushing mechanism 17 and the image collector 18 are respectively fixed on the support frame 15. The second pushing mechanism 17 is located on one side of the table 16. The second pushing mechanism 17 is electrically connected to the control host. The second pushing mechanism 17 can use an electric cylinder. The image collector 18 is located above the table 16. The image collector 18 is electrically connected to the control host. The image collector 18 can use an optical camera, which belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here. A positioning block 19 is provided on the table 16. The pushing direction of the second pushing mechanism 17 and the blocking direction of the positioning block 19 are perpendicular to each other.

[0038] A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring comprises the following steps:

[0039] (a) Transportation:

[0040] ① Place the card holder 20 on the conveyor belt of the first conveying mechanism 1. The first conveying mechanism 1 drives the card holders 20 to move forward one by one in an orderly manner without affecting each other, which is easy to manage.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the card seat 20 includes a bearing seat 21 and an elastic card 22, the bearing seat 21 is made of iron material, the elastic card 22 includes a mounting portion 23 and an elastic bending portion 24, the elastic bending portion 24 is distributed around the mounting portion 23, the mounting portion 23 and the elastic bending portion 24 are an integrated structure, the structure is stable, and the use is reliable. The mounting portion 23 is fixed to the bearing seat 21 by screws, which is reliable, easy to disassemble and assemble, and can be used at any time, which is flexible and convenient.

[0042] The support seat 21 is provided with a pressure sensor 25, which is electrically connected to the control host. The pressure sensor 25 detects the pressure change data on the support seat 21 in real time, and sends the data to the control host for comparison with the preset standard value, and controls the stroke cylinder 13 to perform the action according to the comparison result.

[0043] ② Place the bearing rings on the conveyor belt of the second conveying mechanism 2. The second conveying mechanism 2 drives the bearing rings forward one by one in an orderly manner without affecting each other, which is easy to manage.

[0044] (b) Assembly:

[0045] ① The first card seat 20 falls from the outlet end of the first conveying mechanism 1, and then slides along the first material guide platform 3 to the support platform 7, and is blocked by the fixed block 8, and the first card seat 20 stops moving forward. The card seat 20 is located below the material guide cylinder 10, which is accurately in place and easy to position.

[0046] The fixed stopper 8 is provided with a magnet that is magnetically attracted to the bearing seat 21. The bearing seat 21 can be attracted after colliding with the fixed stopper 8, preventing the bearing seat 21 from retreating due to inertia and deviating from the expected position, thereby avoiding affecting the subsequent assembly process.

[0047] ② The first bearing ring falls from the outlet end of the second conveying mechanism 2, then slides along the second material guiding platform 4 into the material guiding cylinder 10, and vertically falls onto the elastic clamping piece 22 of the first clamping seat 20 through the material guiding channel 11.

[0048] The guide barrel 10 guides the bearing ring so that the bearing ring can fall smoothly on the holder 20 below without falling to the ground and affecting the automatic assembly, thereby ensuring the continuity of the detection; the bearing ring falls freely onto the elastic clamp 22 and squeezes the elastic bending part 24, so that the elastic bending part 24 bends outward, and the elastic bending part 24 generates a rebound force to tighten inward, and multiple directions act simultaneously to clamp the bearing ring to obtain an assembly of the holder 20 and the bearing ring. The automatic assembly eliminates the manual assembly process, saves labor and is efficient, orderly, and not prone to errors.

[0049] At this time, the pressure sensor 25 sends the detected pressure change data to the control host, and judges that the data is greater than the preset standard value. The control host controls the stroke cylinder 13 to start, and extends its output end to drive the pressure plate 14 to rotate downward, so that the pressure plate 14 presses down the bearing ring, and then the stroke cylinder 13 retracts its output end, driving the pressure plate 14 to rotate upward and return to its original position, waiting for the next action.

[0050] The bearing ring is pressed down by the pressure plate 14, which increases the squeezing force of the bearing ring on the elastic bending part 24, so that the elastic bending part 24 is expanded outwardly to a greater extent, and the bearing ring is easier to enter the clamping space of the elastic clamp 22. When the elastic bending part 24 retracts inwardly, the contact area between it and the outer wall of the bearing ring can be increased, the friction force is greater, and it is more difficult for the bearing ring to freely detach from the elastic clamp 22, thereby preventing the bearing ring from loosening freely, with good clamping effect and high assembly stability.

[0051] (c) Pushing: The control host controls the first pushing mechanism 9 to start, and the first pushing mechanism 9 pushes the assembly on the support platform 7 forward, so that the assembly leaves the support platform 7, step by step, orderly, automatic pushing, labor-saving and convenient. The assembly slides along the third guide platform 5 to the detection platform 6, and is blocked by the positioning block 19, and the assembly stops moving forward. The assembly is located below the image collector 18, accurately in place, and simple to position.

[0052] The positioning stopper 19 is provided with a magnet that is magnetically attracted to the support seat 21. The support seat 21 can be attracted after colliding with the positioning stopper 19, preventing the support seat 21 from retreating due to inertia and deviating from the expected position to avoid affecting the subsequent detection process.

[0053] (d) Detection:

[0054] ① The control host controls the image collector 18 to start, and the image collector 18 collects the appearance image of the bearing ring and sends the collected appearance image to the control host. The control host compares the received appearance image with the pre-stored standard image. If the acquired appearance image is consistent with the standard image, the control host records the bearing ring as a qualified product, otherwise it is a failed product.

[0055] ② After the inspection is completed, the control host controls the second pushing mechanism 17 to start, and the second pushing mechanism 17 pushes the assembly on the inspection table 6 forward, so that the assembly leaves the inspection table 6 and falls on the product conveyor line and is sent to the next process in an orderly and automatic manner, which is labor-saving and convenient.

[0056] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements or modifications made based on the present invention to solve basically the same technical problems and achieve basically the same technical effects are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring, characterized in that The steps include: (a) Transportation: ① Place the card holder on the first conveying mechanism, and the first conveying mechanism drives the card holders forward one by one; ② Place the bearing rings on the second conveying mechanism, and the second conveying mechanism drives the bearing rings forward one by one; (b) Assembly: ① The first card seat falls from the outlet end of the first conveying mechanism, then slides along the first material guide table to the support table, and is blocked by the fixed block on the support table, and the first card seat stops moving forward; ② The first bearing ring falls from the outlet end of the second conveying mechanism, then slides along the second material guide platform into the material guide barrel, vertically falls onto the first clamping seat through the material guide channel of the material guide barrel, and squeezes the elastic clamping piece on the clamping seat to make the elastic clamping piece open outward, thereby clamping the bearing ring to obtain an assembly; (c) Pushing: The control host controls the first pushing mechanism to start, and the first pushing mechanism pushes the assembly on the support table forward, so that the assembly leaves the support table, and the assembly slides along the third guide table to the detection table, and is blocked by the positioning block on the detection table, and the assembly stops moving forward; (d) Detection: ① The control host controls the image collector to start, the image collector collects the appearance image of the bearing ring, and sends the collected appearance image to the control host, and the control host compares and records the received appearance image with the pre-stored standard image; ② After the inspection is completed, the control host controls the second pushing mechanism to start, and the second pushing mechanism pushes the assembly on the inspection table forward, so that the assembly leaves the inspection table, falls on the product conveyor line, and is sent to the next process.

2. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), when the bearing ring falls on the holder, the control host controls the stroke cylinder to start, extends its output end to drive the pressure plate to rotate downward, so that the pressure plate presses the bearing ring, and the bearing ring squeezes the elastic clip, so that the elastic clip is stretched outward, thereby clamping the bearing ring; then the stroke cylinder retracts its output end, drives the pressure plate to rotate upward and return to its original position, waiting for the next action.

3. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: An L-shaped bracket is arranged on the material guide cylinder, and a stroke cylinder and a pressing plate are rotatably connected to the L-shaped bracket. The stroke cylinder is electrically connected to a control host, and an output end of the stroke cylinder is rotatably connected to the pressing plate.

4. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), the card seat includes a bearing seat and an elastic card member, the elastic card member includes a mounting portion and an elastic bending portion, the elastic bending portion is distributed around the mounting portion, and the mounting portion is fixed on the bearing seat.

5. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing seat is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control host.

6. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed stopper and the positioning stopper are both provided with magnets that are magnetically attracted to the bearing seat.

7. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), a support platform is provided between the first material guiding platform and the second material guiding platform, and a fixed stopper and a first material pushing mechanism are provided on the support platform, and the first material pushing mechanism is electrically connected to the control host.

8. The method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), the outlet end of the second material guiding platform is connected with a material guiding cylinder, the material guiding cylinder is located above the support platform, and a material guiding channel for the bearing ring to pass through is arranged in the material guiding cylinder.

9. A method for detecting surface defects of a bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection platform in step (c) includes a support frame, a table, a second pushing mechanism and an image collector, wherein the table, the second pushing mechanism and the image collector are respectively arranged on the support frame, the second pushing mechanism is located on one side of the table, the second pushing mechanism is electrically connected to the control host, the image collector is located above the table, and a positioning block is provided on the table.

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