Photovoltaic module layout method, system and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device, and the method comprises the steps: firstly obtaining a vertical image which is obtained from the upper part of a to-be-constructed power station region and is perpendicular to the ground of the to-be-constructed power station region, and selecting one or more canvases from the vertical image based on the terrain of the to-be-constructed power station region; and performing arrangement and layout of the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling of the vertical image. It can be seen that the related parameters of the to-be-built power station area do not need to be measured and collected manually, the terrain and parameters of the to-be-built power station area can be determined through the vertical image, the vertical image can be divided into the multiple canvases according to the terrain of the to-be-built power station area, and therefore arrangement and layout of the photovoltaic modules are conducted on each canvas; the labor is saved, and the arrangement and layout efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic system construction, and in particular to a photovoltaic component layout method, system and device. Background Art

[0002] In the early stage of photovoltaic power station construction, it is necessary to select the site of the power station first, and then arrange for personnel to go to the site for field survey to obtain information such as the geographical location of the power station, the site topography and the surrounding environment, and measure the topography, length and width of the power station. If the power station is above a building, it is necessary to climb up the building to measure the data. After obtaining the relevant information and data of the power station, the designers design the component layout of the power station in combination with the meteorological conditions such as the solar radiation and sunshine duration in the area where the power station is located.

[0003] The site survey and component layout design process is a time-consuming and labor-intensive key link in power station design, and must be participated by professional surveyors and designers. If the on-site measurement is inaccurate or the design is unreasonable, it may be necessary to re-survey or redesign the site, or even directly abandon the construction plan of the photovoltaic power station. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device, which do not require manual measurement and collection of relevant parameters of the power station area to be built. The terrain and parameters of the power station area to be built can be determined through vertical images. The vertical image can also be divided into multiple canvases according to the terrain of the power station area to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules can be arranged and laid out for each canvas, which not only saves manpower but also improves the efficiency of arrangement and layout.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module layout method, comprising: obtaining a vertical image of a power station area to be constructed; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the power station area to be constructed and perpendicular to the ground where the power station area to be constructed is located; based on the terrain of the power station area to be constructed, one or more canvases are selected on the vertical image; based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases.

[0006] Preferably, based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, before arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases, it also includes: determining the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed, and calculating the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic components based on the lighting parameters; calculating the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic components based on the optimal lighting inclination angle and the size data of the photovoltaic components; arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0007] Preferably, the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the area where the power station to be constructed is located are determined, and the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is calculated based on the lighting parameters, including: determining the solar altitude angle and the solar incident angle based on the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the area where the power station to be constructed is located; and calculating the optimal lighting inclination angle based on the longitude, the latitude, the solar altitude angle and the solar incident angle.

[0008] Preferably, acquiring a vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed comprises: acquiring a satellite map image of the area where the power station is to be constructed from an online map based on the geographical location of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical image is a plan view of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

[0010] Preferably, the photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: respectively determining the reference edges of each of the canvases; starting from the reference edges of each of the canvases, arranging each of the photovoltaic components in sequence based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, with the bottom edge of each of the photovoltaic components being parallel to the reference edge of the canvas corresponding to itself.

[0011] Preferably, based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, after the photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases, it also includes: if the number of the photovoltaic components arranged in each of the canvases reaches the upper limit of each of the canvases, a photovoltaic component layout design scheme is generated; the photovoltaic component layout design scheme includes each of the canvases and the arrangement of the photovoltaic components in each of the canvases.

[0012] Preferably, after generating the photovoltaic component layout design plan, it also includes: determining the total cost of each photovoltaic component in the photovoltaic component layout design plan, the inverter connected to each photovoltaic component, and the controller connected to each inverter; determining the power generation income of each photovoltaic component based on the photovoltaic component layout design plan and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed; and generating a profit report based on the total cost and the power generation income.

[0013] Preferably, the photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: setting a photovoltaic component array, the number of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array is n×m, wherein n is the number of rows of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array, and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array; determining the size data of the photovoltaic component array based on the size data of the photovoltaic components; and arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic component array, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module layout device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of the photovoltaic module layout method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0015] The present application provides a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device. In the scheme, a vertical image perpendicular to the ground where the power station area is to be built is first obtained from above the power station area to be built, and one or more canvases are selected on the vertical image based on the terrain of the power station area to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image. It can be seen that in the present application, there is no need to manually measure and collect the relevant parameters of the power station area to be built. The terrain and parameters of the power station area to be built can be determined through the vertical image. The vertical image can also be divided into multiple canvases according to the terrain of the power station area to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out for each canvas, which not only saves manpower, but also has a higher efficiency in arrangement and layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout method provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of obtaining a satellite map image of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of obtaining relevant information after scaling a satellite map image of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a drawing upload prompt provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a design drawing provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of rotating a design drawing provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of setting the scale of a design drawing provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of inputting relevant information of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9A schematic diagram of selecting a canvas on a vertical image provided by the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of creating a design project provided by the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 A simulation diagram of a photovoltaic module layout provided by the present invention;

[0028] Fig.12 A simulation diagram of photovoltaic module layout on a design drawing provided by the present invention;

[0029] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of parameter adjustment during the layout design of a photovoltaic module provided by the present invention;

[0030] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of selecting a reference edge provided by the present invention;

[0031] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of adjusting parameters of a photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention;

[0032] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention;

[0033] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of selecting a bill of materials required for a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0034] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of electricity prices in a power station area to be built provided by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of the layout and benefits of photovoltaic modules in a power station area to be built provided by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of power generation prediction for a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of a profit analysis of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module layout system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Fig.23 A schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module layout device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The core of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device. There is no need to manually measure and collect relevant parameters of the power station area to be built. The terrain and parameters of the power station area to be built can be determined through vertical images. The vertical image can also be divided into multiple canvases according to the terrain of the power station area to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules can be arranged and laid out for each canvas, which not only saves manpower but also improves the efficiency of arrangement and layout.

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout method provided by the present invention, the method comprising:

[0043] S11: Acquire a vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed; the vertical image is an image acquired from above the area where the power station is to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground where the power station is to be constructed.

[0044] In the early stage of photovoltaic power station construction, it is necessary to first select the construction area of ​​the photovoltaic power station, that is, select the area where the power station is to be built, and evaluate and design the area where the power station is to be built. In the evaluation stage, the site of the power station to be built is first selected, and then personnel are arranged to go to the site for on-site survey to obtain information such as the geographical location, on-site terrain and surrounding environment of the power station to be built, and measure the length and width of the terrain of the power station area to be built. If the power station area to be built is on the ground, it is only necessary to measure the relevant data on the ground, but if the power station area to be built is above the building, it is also necessary to climb above the building for measurement.

[0045] Based on the on-site data of the area to be built, the designers plan the layout, orientation, angle and power connection design of photovoltaic modules in the area to be built, combined with information such as solar radiation, sunshine duration and other meteorological conditions, power conditions and investment budget of the area where the power station is to be built, complete the drawing of relevant drawings, and finally calculate the investment and benefits of the area to be built.

[0046] The simulation design process of site survey and PV module layout planning is a time-consuming and laborious key link in the design of the power station area to be built, and professional surveyors and designers must participate. If the design scheme is found to be inappropriate or needs to be adjusted in the final stage of design due to inaccurate site measurements or unreasonable planning, it may be necessary to re-survey the site or redesign, or even directly abandon the construction plan of the PV power station. Therefore, if rapid simulation can be performed before the construction of the PV power station, the probability of such errors can be reduced.

[0047] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the present application, after the area for the power station to be constructed is determined, there is no need for manual on-site survey. Instead, a vertical image of the area for the power station to be constructed is obtained. The vertical image here is an image obtained from above the area for the power station to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground where the area for the power station to be constructed is located. Based on this, the terrain and contour of the power station to be constructed can be determined by the vertical image.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, obtaining a vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed includes: obtaining a satellite map image of the area where the power station is to be constructed from an online map based on the geographical location of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

[0049] The vertical image can be a satellite map image of the power station area to be built obtained from an online map. Specifically, the online map software available on the market can be embedded in the page of this design system and switched to the "satellite map" mode. The user uses the search and positioning functions provided by the map itself to find the ground or building roof of the geographical location of the power station area to be built, thereby determining the vertical image of the power station area to be built. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of obtaining a satellite map image of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention, Figure 2 In the example, the portion within the rectangular frame is selected from the satellite map as the power station area to be constructed.

[0050] Before obtaining the satellite map image of the power station area to be built, you can also use the zoom function provided by the map itself to enlarge the map of the power station area to a suitable size, and use the screenshot function provided by the system to circle the power station area to obtain the satellite map image of the power station area. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of obtaining relevant information after scaling a satellite map image of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention, Figure 3The specific information of project management can be displayed in the project management window. At the same time, the geographical location, longitude and latitude of the power station to be built, the zoom ratio of the picture and other information will be automatically obtained synchronously as parameters for subsequent design. For example, the site can be reselected and the project name can be set. The area, detailed address and longitude and latitude are automatically generated according to the address of the selected satellite map. Users can also enter their own email and mobile phone number to obtain the generated photovoltaic module layout method and select the currency for the power station to be built. Figure 3 On the left is a magnified vertical image of the specific power station area to be built.

[0051] Of course, the vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed may also be a vertical image taken from above the area where the power station is to be constructed by a drone, and this application does not limit this.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the vertical image is a plan view of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

[0053] In some special cases, if the satellite map image cannot be obtained for the location of the power station area, or the obtained satellite map image is not clear, or the actual geographical environment of the power station area changes and the online map is not updated in time, the uploaded photos of the power station area or the floor plan of the power station area can be used as the design drawing. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a drawing upload prompt provided by the present invention, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a design drawing provided by the present invention. Users can Figure 4 Select the design drawing to be uploaded in the left box, such as Figure 5 The design drawings shown are used as real-life pictures in subsequent project creation. In addition, after successfully uploading the drawings, you can continue to calibrate the rotation angle, scale and other information of the drawings. Finally, you can use the uploaded drawings to carry out the construction design of the power station to be built on the roof or the power station to be built on the ground. Figure 5 The design drawings in the figure show the length of the specific position corresponding to the drawing, and this application does not limit this.

[0054] On the uploaded design drawing, the design drawing can be rotated to ensure that the angle of the design drawing is convenient for the layout of the photovoltaic modules, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of rotating a design drawing provided by the present invention. Figure 6When setting the rotation angle, the center of the drawing is used as the rotation center point. After entering the rotation angle, the design drawing will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the center point, but at most 180°. Specifically, when entering 0 to 180, it can rotate 0° to 180° to the right, that is, 0° to 180° clockwise, and when entering -180 to 0, it can rotate 0° to 180° to the left, that is, 0° to 180° counterclockwise. And determine the scaling ratio between the design drawing and the power station area to be built, such as determining the length of a certain edge of the power station area to be built on the design drawing and the actual length, so as to determine the scaling ratio of the design drawing. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of setting the scale of a design drawing provided by the present invention. Figure 7 When setting the scale, click the corresponding icon and then click on the drawing to select a suitable marking line, such as Figure 5 The line segments with lengths can be used to calculate the ratio of the distance on the design drawing to the actual distance. The length of the line in the actual geographical location can be entered in the actual length of the line to obtain the scale of the design drawing. Figure 3 Corresponding schematic diagram for obtaining relevant information based on the design drawings of the power station area to be built, such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of inputting relevant information of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention, but Figure 8 The project name, area, detailed address, and geographic location are all entered by the user. Figure 8 Recalibrate in to rotate or scale the design.

[0055] S12: Select one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the terrain of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

[0056] After obtaining the vertical image of the area where the power station is to be built, one or more canvases can be selected on the vertical image according to the topography of the area where the power station is to be built, such as Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of selecting a canvas on a vertical image provided by the present invention. According to the topography of the power station area to be built, the location where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed is selected, and the canvas area is depicted. The canvas can be regular or irregular in shape, and multiple canvases can be drawn as needed. Fig. 9 The area to be built in the power station is the roof of the building. Two areas are selected from the vertical image of the area to be built as the canvas for the layout of photovoltaic modules, namely Fig. 9 It should be noted that when selecting the canvas, obstacles in the area where the power station is to be built should be avoided.

[0057] After selecting a canvas, you can specify the basic parameters of a canvas, such as the canvas name, the PV module model and the inverter model to be set. Fig.10 As shown, Fig.10 A schematic diagram of creating a design project provided by the present invention, Fig.10 In the canvas that needs to be laid out, you can select canvas b and set the site type. For example, set the surface of the power station area to be built as an inclined surface, and the installation method is veneer installation, that is, the photovoltaic components are installed on the surface of the power station area to be built. The inclination angle of the photovoltaic components relative to the ground is 35.57°. Of course, the installation can be carried out according to the actual calculated optimal illumination inclination angle of the photovoltaic components. This application does not limit it. In addition, you can also select the component model and inverter model to determine the size parameters of the photovoltaic components. By selecting the imported component, the size parameters of the photovoltaic components corresponding to the selected component model can be determined.

[0058] It should be noted that when selecting a canvas, the direction of the area where the power station is to be built needs to be considered. For example, if the power station is located in the northern hemisphere and is not flat, the south-facing area is preferentially selected as the canvas for the layout of photovoltaic components. If the power station is located in the southern hemisphere and is not flat, the north-facing area is preferentially selected as the canvas for the layout of photovoltaic components. Of course, this application does not limit this, and users can set the canvas selection according to actual needs.

[0059] S13: Arrange and lay out the photovoltaic components on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0060] The length and width of the photovoltaic module, the power generation and other parameters are obtained through the selected photovoltaic module model. Based on the size of the photovoltaic module, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the layout of the photovoltaic module is drawn on the canvas. Specifically, the alignment direction, arrangement method, spacing size between photovoltaic modules and other parameters of the photovoltaic module can be generated to arrange each photovoltaic module on each canvas.

[0061] The system automatically calculates the arrangement and quantity of PV modules in each canvas area through algorithms, and generates a simulation diagram of the PV module layout for users to view and adjust. Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, Fig.11 A simulation diagram of a photovoltaic module layout provided by the present invention, Fig.12 The present invention provides a simulation diagram for arranging photovoltaic modules on a design drawing, wherein each rectangle arranged in the canvas is a photovoltaic module.

[0062] It can be seen that in the present application, there is no need to manually measure and collect relevant parameters of the area where the power station is to be built. The terrain and parameters of the area where the power station is to be built can be determined through the vertical image. The vertical image can also be divided into multiple canvases according to the terrain of the area where the power station is to be built, so as to arrange and layout the photovoltaic components for each canvas, which not only saves manpower but also improves the efficiency of arrangement and layout.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments:

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, based on the size data of photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, before arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas, it also includes: determining the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed, and calculating the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic components based on the lighting parameters; calculating the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic components based on the optimal lighting inclination angle and the size data of the photovoltaic components; arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas based on the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0065] When arranging and laying out photovoltaic modules on each canvas, not only the size of the canvas and the size of the photovoltaic modules should be considered, but also the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the power station area to be built, that is, the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules at the geographical location of the power station area to be built. The optimal lighting inclination angle refers to the optimal angle between the photovoltaic modules and the horizontal ground to ensure that the photovoltaic modules receive the maximum amount of sunlight in a year, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. This angle is usually related to the local latitude, but it will also be affected by seasonal changes and the surrounding environment. Therefore, when installing photovoltaic modules, it is not necessary to install them in a way that the surface of the photovoltaic modules is parallel to the ground. By installing brackets under the photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic modules can be tilted and the inclination angle is the optimal lighting inclination angle to ensure that the photovoltaic modules receive the maximum amount of light energy. When the photovoltaic modules are tilted, the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic modules projected on the canvas is smaller than the area of ​​the photovoltaic modules. Therefore, arranging and laying out the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image can make the number of photovoltaic modules set on each canvas larger.

[0066] When calculating the projection area of ​​a photovoltaic module, first determine the area of ​​the photovoltaic module, such as the area of ​​the photovoltaic module panel, and then multiply the area of ​​the photovoltaic module panel by the cosine value of the optimal illumination inclination angle to determine the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic module. Of course, if the area of ​​the power station to be built is a slope, the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic module in the area of ​​the power station to be built needs to be calculated based on the inclination of the area of ​​the power station to be built and the area of ​​the photovoltaic module panel, as well as the optimal illumination inclination angle. Of course, this application does not limit this.

[0067] In addition, when installing and laying out the photovoltaic modules, the orientation of the photovoltaic modules also needs to be considered. For example, when the power station area to be built is located in the northern hemisphere, the photovoltaic modules are preferably oriented southward. Of course, this application does not limit this.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the power station area to be built are determined, and the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic components is calculated based on the lighting parameters, including: determining the solar altitude angle and the solar incident angle based on the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the power station area to be built; and calculating the optimal lighting inclination angle based on the longitude, latitude, solar altitude angle and solar incident angle.

[0069] In this embodiment, the solar altitude angle and solar incidence angle can be calculated according to the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the power station area to be built, thereby calculating the optimal lighting inclination angle. Installing photovoltaic modules using the optimal inclination angle can place the photovoltaic modules under optimal lighting conditions to maximize power generation efficiency.

[0070] Specifically, the formula for calculating the optimal illumination inclination angle of a photovoltaic module is:

[0071] The optimal lighting inclination angle = arccos(sin(latitude)×sin(solar altitude angle)-cos(latitude)×cos(solar altitude angle)×cos(solar incidence angle)).

[0072] Users can adjust the actual installation angle of the photovoltaic module according to the optimal light inclination angle and the angle of the power station area to be built. For example, if the optimal light inclination angle is 60° and the inclination angle of the power station area to be built is 30°, when installing the photovoltaic module, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module relative to the power station area to be built is 30°. Of course, the inclination angles of different canvas areas in the power station area to be built may be different. When installing the photovoltaic module, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0073] Please refer to Fig.10 , where the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module can be directly input to adjust the tilt angle of the module.

[0074] It should also be noted that when designing the installation of photovoltaic modules based on the optimal light inclination angle, the selected canvas direction must also be considered. For example, if the power station to be built is located in the northern hemisphere and the canvas direction is facing west, the design direction of the photovoltaic modules on the canvas can be further adjusted to preferably face south. Of course, this embodiment does not limit this. Please refer to Fig.13 , Fig.13 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment during the layout design of photovoltaic modules, wherein the installation methods of different photovoltaic modules can be adjusted. For example, if the site type is a slope, the photovoltaic modules are installed face-to-face, and a reference edge is selected from the canvas, and the reference edge can be switched. The reference edge refers to the orientation of the photovoltaic module installation in the canvas. In this application, the photovoltaic modules can be automatically laid out according to the reference edge, and the reference edge can be switched according to the geographical location of the power station to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules can be automatically laid out again according to the switched reference edge. In addition, Fig.13 The selected PV module model and inverter model can also be displayed, and the PV module model and inverter model can be adjusted and detailed information can be displayed. In the parameter selection of PV module layout, you can choose to install the PV modules vertically, that is, align the width of the PV modules with the reference edge for installation to ensure the maximum number of installed PV modules. The inclination angle of the PV modules can be set according to the user's own needs, and the horizontal and vertical spacing between PV modules can also be set and adjusted by yourself.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: determining the reference edges of each canvas respectively; starting from the reference edges of each canvas, arranging each photovoltaic component in sequence based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, with the bottom edge of each photovoltaic component being parallel to the reference edge of the canvas corresponding to itself.

[0076] When arranging and laying out the photovoltaic modules on each canvas, the reference edge of each canvas can be determined first, and the photovoltaic modules can be arranged starting from the reference edge of each canvas. For example, on the canvas, starting from one side of the reference edge, the photovoltaic modules are arranged one by one in order, with the direction parallel to the reference edge as the arrangement direction of the photovoltaic modules, and the bottom edge of each photovoltaic module is parallel to the reference edge. Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 A schematic diagram of selecting a reference edge provided by the present invention. Fig.14 , a schematic diagram of selecting the reference edge taking canvas b as an example is shown.

[0077] It should also be noted that the size of the photovoltaic components can be scaled based on the size data of each photovoltaic component and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, and the photovoltaic components can be arranged in the canvas according to the size of the scaled photovoltaic components.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment, after arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, it also includes: if the number of photovoltaic components arranged in each canvas reaches the upper limit of each canvas, a photovoltaic component layout design scheme is generated; the photovoltaic component layout design scheme includes each canvas and the arrangement method of the photovoltaic components in each canvas.

[0079] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic components in each canvas can be laid out using the photovoltaic component automatic layout planning method algorithm, and the maximum number of photovoltaic components placed in the canvas is used as the optimization objective function. The maximum number of photovoltaic components that can be arranged in the canvas area is found by continuously and randomly adjusting the positions of the photovoltaic components. Repeat the above arrangement calculation process, after multiple rounds of iterations, until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the maximum number of photovoltaic components arranged in the canvas does not change significantly over a period of time, then the calculation is stopped, that is, the algorithm iterates to the maximum number of iterations, or the number of photovoltaic components arranged in the canvas reaches the upper limit of the number of photovoltaic components that can be arranged in the canvas, then the calculation is stopped. The arrangement scheme corresponding to the maximum number of photovoltaic components found is the optimal layout rule scheme for the canvas.

[0080] As a preferred embodiment, photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each canvas based on the size data of photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: setting a photovoltaic component array, the number of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array is n×m, wherein n is the number of rows of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array, and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array; determining the size data of the photovoltaic component array based on the size data of the photovoltaic components; and arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic component array, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0081] In some cases, in order to meet some specific PV module layout or inverter installation requirements, multiple PV modules must be combined in a fixed arrangement to form an array. Therefore, when designing the PV module layout, the layout design must be based on the PV module array. In this case, although one or more PV modules can be installed in some areas, there is no space for a PV module array, and the PV module layout will not be carried out in this area. Please refer to Fig.15 and Fig.16 , Fig.15A schematic diagram of adjusting the parameters of a photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention, Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention. Fig.15 The photovoltaic module array in the embodiment has n=2, m=3, and two rows and three columns of photovoltaic modules are arranged as an array, and the installation direction of the photovoltaic modules is vertical, that is, the width of the photovoltaic modules is aligned with the reference edge, and the module inclination angle is selected to be 38.01°, which can be set according to actual conditions. The lateral spacing and vertical spacing between each photovoltaic module in the same photovoltaic module array are both 0, but between different arrays, the lateral spacing between two adjacent arrays is 60 cm, and the vertical spacing is 60 cm, which is not limited in this application. Fig.16 It can be seen that in canvas c, the photovoltaic module array is laid out in a form where the length of the photovoltaic module array is the width of a single photovoltaic module × 3, and the width of the photovoltaic module array is the length of a single photovoltaic module × 2.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment, after generating the photovoltaic component layout design plan, it also includes: determining the total cost of each photovoltaic component in the photovoltaic component layout design plan, the inverter connected to each photovoltaic component, and the controller connected to each inverter; determining the power generation income of each photovoltaic component based on the photovoltaic component layout design plan and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed; and generating a profit report based on the total cost and power generation income.

[0083] After completing the layout of photovoltaic modules in each canvas, you can also calculate the cost and benefits of the power station area to be built, and generate a benefit report. Specifically, the user inputs the materials and prices required to build the photovoltaic power station, such as the number, model and price of photovoltaic modules required in the power station area to be built, the inverter model, quantity and price, the number, model and price of each connecting line, as well as the local buying and selling prices, the proportion of self-generation and self-use of user electricity, and other parameters, plus the estimated benefits of the power station area to be built, and based on this, a benefit report is generated.

[0084] In this embodiment, the solar irradiation is obtained according to the geographical location of the power station area to be built, and the power generation, power generation income, investment recovery period and other information of the power station to be built are automatically calculated according to the number of photovoltaic modules, inverter model and other information calculated by the photovoltaic module layout algorithm, and a simulation evaluation report is generated. Through this report, users can quickly understand the construction status of the photovoltaic power station to be built and evaluate the investment income. Since there is no need for manual measurement and design, the entire photovoltaic module layout process can be completed in just a few minutes, without sending people to the site, and without professional designers to complete it, and the design cost is extremely low. If the user is not satisfied with the design, the design can be quickly completed again by adjusting some parameters or redesigning.

[0085] Please refer to Fig.17 , 18 , 19, 20 and 21, Fig.17 A schematic diagram of selecting a bill of materials required for a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention. Fig.18 A schematic diagram of electricity prices in a power station area to be built provided by the present invention, Fig.19 A schematic diagram of the layout and benefits of photovoltaic modules in a power station area to be built provided by the present invention, Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of power generation prediction for a power station area to be built provided by the present invention, Fig.21 A schematic diagram of a profit analysis of a power station area to be constructed provided by the present invention. Fig.17 As shown, cost estimation can be performed based on installed capacity or based on the bill of materials. The model of the PV module, the model of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) and the model of the inverter can be selected, and the price of each material can be entered to calculate the material cost. Fig.18 The electricity fee standard for the area where the power station is to be built is shown. Users can choose to connect the power output of the photovoltaic modules to the grid or use it for their own use after the photovoltaic power station is completed based on the average electricity price, grid-connected electricity price, subsidized electricity price and annual average self-generation and self-use ratio of the area where the power station is to be built, thereby predicting the benefits after the completion of the photovoltaic power station. After calculating the costs and benefits, such as Fig.19 , which can provide a project overview of the PV module layout, material requirements, costs and benefits of the power station area to be built. It not only allows users to view the PV module layout of the power station to be built, such as the number of PV modules used, system installed capacity, number of inverters, total inverter power and grid capacity ratio, but also estimates the power generation, benefits, payback period and cumulative CO2 emission reduction within 25 years, so that users can check whether the benefits of the PV power station meet the needs, Fig. 20 and Fig.21 It also shows the power generation forecast for each month in the first year after the completion of the photovoltaic power station construction and the annual income of the photovoltaic power station, which more intuitively shows users the income prospects of the area where the power station is to be built. Fig. 20 It intuitively shows the power generation forecast based on the PV module layout generated in this application, compares the monthly power generation and power consumption in the first year after the completion of the power station to be built, and shows the first year's power generation, power consumption, self-generation to self-consumption ratio and equivalent power generation hours, as well as the estimation of the cumulative power generation, power consumption, self-generation to self-consumption ratio and equivalent power generation hours for 25 years, so that users can determine whether the power generation of the power station to be built after completion meets the demand. If not, the parameters of the PV module layout can be adjusted and the power generation forecast diagram can be regenerated. Fig.21A bar chart shows the estimated cumulative revenue in each year after the power station is built, and displays the system cost, cost per watt, first-year revenue and net revenue, so that users can determine whether the power generation after the power station is built meets the demand. If not, the parameters of the photovoltaic module layout can be adjusted and the estimated cumulative revenue in each year can be regenerated.

[0086] It can be seen that in this application, if the user is not satisfied with the power generation forecast or profit analysis of the power station area to be built, the relevant parameters of the power station area to be built can be directly modified, such as reselecting the reference edge, reselecting the photovoltaic module model, etc., to generate a new photovoltaic module layout and profit analysis, which is efficient and fast.

[0087] Please refer to Fig. 22 , Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic assembly layout system provided by the present invention, the system comprising:

[0088] The image acquisition unit 221 is used to acquire a vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the area where the power station is to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground where the power station is to be constructed; the canvas division unit 222 is used to select one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the terrain of the area where the power station is to be constructed; the photovoltaic module arrangement unit 223 is used to arrange and lay out the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0089] For an introduction to the photovoltaic assembly layout system provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiment, and the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0090] Please refer to Fig.23 , Fig.23 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic assembly layout device provided by the present invention, the device comprising:

[0091] The memory 231 is used to store computer programs; the processor 232 is used to implement the steps of the photovoltaic assembly layout method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0092] For an introduction to the photovoltaic assembly layout device provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiment, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0093] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0094] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module layout method, characterized in that: include: Acquire a vertical image of the area where the power station is to be constructed; the vertical image is an image acquired from above the area where the power station is to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground where the power station is to be constructed; Select one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the terrain of the area where the power station is to be constructed; The photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

2. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, before arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases, the method further includes: Determine the lighting parameters of the geographical location of the power station to be constructed, and calculate the optimal lighting inclination angle of the photovoltaic module based on the lighting parameters; Calculating the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic assembly based on the optimal illumination inclination angle and the size data of the photovoltaic assembly; Arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, includes: The photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases based on the projection area of ​​the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

3. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the illumination parameters of the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed, and calculating the optimal illumination inclination angle of the photovoltaic module based on the illumination parameters, including: Determine the solar altitude angle and the solar incidence angle based on the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the power station to be constructed; The optimal illumination inclination angle is calculated based on the longitude, the latitude, the solar altitude angle and the solar incidence angle.

4. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain vertical images of the area where the power station is to be built, including: A satellite map image of the power station area to be constructed is obtained from an online map based on the geographical location of the power station area to be constructed.

5. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical image is a plan view of the area where the power station is to be constructed.

6. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, includes: Determining the reference edges of the canvases respectively; Starting from the reference side of each of the canvases, the photovoltaic components are arranged in sequence based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, and the bottom side of each of the photovoltaic components is parallel to the reference side of the canvas corresponding to itself.

7. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, after arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each canvas, the method further includes: If the number of the photovoltaic components arranged in each of the canvases reaches the upper limit of each of the canvases, a photovoltaic component layout design scheme is generated; The photovoltaic component layout design solution includes each of the canvases and an arrangement of the photovoltaic components in each of the canvases.

8. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After generating the PV panel layout design, it also includes: Determining the total cost of each photovoltaic module, an inverter connected to each photovoltaic module, and a controller connected to each inverter in the photovoltaic module layout design; Determine the power generation income of each photovoltaic module based on the photovoltaic module layout design scheme and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power station to be constructed; A revenue report is generated based on the total cost and the power generation revenue.

9. The photovoltaic assembly layout method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Arranging and laying out the photovoltaic components on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic components, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, includes: A photovoltaic component array is set, wherein the number of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array is n×m, wherein n is the number of rows of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array, and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic components in the photovoltaic component array; Determining the size data of the photovoltaic component array based on the size data of the photovoltaic component; The photovoltaic components are arranged and laid out on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic component array, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

10. A photovoltaic module layout device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor is used to implement the steps of the photovoltaic assembly layout method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing a computer program.

Images