Grading visualization method for remote sensing monitoring illegal pattern spots of immovable cultural relics

Abstract

The invention provides a grading visualization method for remote sensing monitoring of illegal pattern spots of immovable cultural relics. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and preprocessing data information; s2, illegal pattern spot recognition; s3, constructing a grading and grading evaluation system, and completing grading and grading calculation; and step S4, based on the output result and the evaluation index of the step S3, completing visual display by using a GIS (Geographic Information System). According to the method, a scientific grading and grading method is provided through a quantitative and qualitative combined method, and an important basis is provided for cultural relic protection decisions. By means of advanced technical means such as remote sensing monitoring and GIS analysis, quick recognition and evaluation of illegal pattern spots of immovable cultural relics are realized, and the working efficiency of cultural relic protection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of satellite remote sensing technology, and in particular to a grading and classification visualization method for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the protection of immovable cultural relics faces severe challenges. In the process of construction activities or land use, violations of cultural relic protection laws and regulations, such as illegal construction, illegal excavation, illegal occupation of land, etc., have caused potential or actual damage to immovable cultural relics, exacerbating the urgency of cultural relic protection. In recent years, the results of illegal monitoring have mainly focused on the types and number of changes, but lack further subdivision of the results. Therefore, clarifying the classification and grading standards for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics is an important supplement to strengthening cultural relic protection.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a visualization method for grading and classifying illegal spots in remote sensing monitoring of immovable cultural relics, using new technologies to respond to the policy guidelines of scientific protection of cultural relics and provide a data basis for auxiliary decision-making in cultural relic protection work. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a classification and grading visualization method for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics remote sensing monitoring, which has the characteristics of strong scientificity, labor saving, high calculation efficiency, good visualization effect, etc., and is suitable for auxiliary decision-making.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, data collection and preprocessing;

[0007] Step S2, identifying illegal spots;

[0008] Step S3: construct a grading evaluation system and complete grading calculations;

[0009] Step S4: Based on the output results and evaluation indicators of step S3, a visualization display is performed using GIS.

[0010] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the step S1 specifically includes:

[0011] Obtain at least basic information including records and archives of cultural relics protection units and planning drawings;

[0012] Acquire at least two periods of high-resolution remote sensing image data and perform unified data processing on the remote sensing image data.

[0013] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the step S2 specifically includes:

[0014] Using the pre-processed remote sensing image data, with the support of GIS, two-line range mapping is performed, images of different years are compared, and the changed ground features are extracted;

[0015] Verify the current status of the results of internal interpretation through information verification, form the final monitoring results and integrate them;

[0016] Among them, for the main body of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the cultural relics within the main body is extracted; for the protection scope and construction control zone of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the land features within the two lines is extracted.

[0017] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the information verification is at least used to confirm whether the approval procedures are in place, organize the results of the verification, and distinguish reasonable change spots from spots of illegal construction that have not been reported or approved;

[0018] The information verification process includes field verification and / or information retrieval verification.

[0019] According to a technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, a grading and evaluation system for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics is constructed based on illegal spots and the value of the cultural relics themselves, including the following steps:

[0020] Step S31, determining evaluation indicators, wherein the evaluation indicators at least include scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and level of cultural relics;

[0021] Step S32: Determine the weight of each indicator by combining the combined weighting method.

[0022] According to a technical solution of the present invention, step S3 further includes:

[0023] Using GIS spatial analysis methods, the location of the illegal map is superimposed on the two-line range for analysis, multiplied by the weight coefficient corresponding to the scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and cultural relic level, and the illegal degree model is used to calculate and obtain the final result.

[0024] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the illegality degree model is expressed as:

[0025] P=A×S×D×L

[0026] Among them, P represents the degree of illegality of the illegal map, A represents the weight coefficient of scale area, S represents the weight coefficient of location index, D represents the weight coefficient of degree of harm, and L represents the weight coefficient of cultural relic level.

[0027] According to a technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, it specifically includes:

[0028] Based on the final results, the illegal spots of immovable cultural relics are divided into different levels, including serious violations, general violations, and minor violations;

[0029] Serious violations are indicated in red, general violations in orange, and minor violations in yellow, forming a thematic map for classifying and grading violations.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention proposes a visualization method for grading and classifying illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing, which has the characteristics of strong scientificity, labor saving, high calculation efficiency, good visualization effect, etc. and is suitable for auxiliary decision-making.

[0032] The present invention, through the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, proposes a scientific classification method, which provides an important basis for decision-making on cultural relics protection. With the help of advanced technical means such as remote sensing monitoring and GIS analysis, it realizes the rapid identification and evaluation of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics, and improves the efficiency of cultural relics protection.

[0033] The present invention starts from the characteristics of the illegal spots themselves, such as the location, area, type of violation, nature of violation, etc., and proposes the need to combine the value of cultural relics as an important weight influencing factor. It can quantitatively analyze the degree of harm of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics, and provide a basis for the formulation of regulatory measures, such as the correspondence between the level of illegal spots and regulatory measures, providing key regulatory areas, and assisting in the formulation of inspection plans; provide reference suggestions for the adjustment of penalty intensity, such as the correspondence between the level of illegal spots and the intensity of punishment, providing a basis for punishment, and promoting the improvement of punishment measures; provide information for continuous improvement direction and goal setting, such as clarifying the direction of improvement, setting specific goals, and promoting work optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is composed of the classification and grading index of the illegal spots of immovable cultural relics in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a visual schematic diagram of the classification and grading of illegal spots in a canal in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. Although the present invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that this specification is not intended to limit the present invention to those exemplary embodiments. On the other hand, the present invention is intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, but also various alternatives, modifiers, equivalents and other embodiments, which may be included in the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0039] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific structures and functions described in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only. Embodiments according to the concepts of the present invention can be implemented in various forms, and it should be understood that they should not be interpreted as being limited to the exemplary embodiments described in the exemplary embodiments, but include all modifications, equivalents or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0040] Throughout the specification, the professional terms used herein are only for describing various exemplary embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. It will be further understood that the terms "include", "comprising", "having", etc., when used in the exemplary embodiments, specifically refer to the presence of the stated parts, steps, operations or elements, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other parts, steps, operations or elements.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a classification and grading visualization method for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics remote sensing monitoring, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step S1, data collection and preprocessing;

[0043] Step S2, identifying illegal spots;

[0044] Step S3: construct a grading evaluation system and complete grading calculations;

[0045] Step S4: Based on the output results and evaluation indicators of step S3, a visualization display is performed using GIS.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S1 specifically includes:

[0047] Obtain at least basic information including records and archives of cultural relics protection units and planning drawings;

[0048] Acquire at least two periods of high-resolution remote sensing image data and perform unified data processing on the remote sensing image data.

[0049] Remote sensing image data collection and preprocessing mainly include two phases of high-resolution image data, which serve as the image data source to meet the monitoring of cultural relics violations; in accordance with the standardized production specifications of image products, the image quality is strictly controlled and processed into true color image standard products with a unified data basis, accuracy indicators that meet the requirements, uniform color tone, and moderate contrast.

[0050] Secondly, remote sensing image data collection and preprocessing, including the national key cultural relics protection unit record archives, planning drawings and other related information basic data, the national key cultural relics protection unit / Great Wall remains protection unit protection scope and construction control zone document data announced by the provincial government, etc. For example, the "two-line scope" published documents, cultural relics protection unit record archives, planning drawings, etc., complete the "two-line scope" transfer and mapping on the remote sensing image. The national key cultural relics protection unit record archives, planning drawings and other related information basic data are used as the source of cultural relics value, and the evaluation index weights are assigned. The accuracy of the two-line scope directly affects the accuracy of weight setting.

[0051] Satellite remote sensing technology is used to monitor illegal spots of immovable cultural relics, and the image phase is limited to ensure the timeliness of monitoring. At the same time, the image resolution should meet the monitoring accuracy, especially the timeliness requirements of cultural relics law enforcement.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S2 specifically includes:

[0053] Using the pre-processed remote sensing image data, with the support of GIS, two-line range mapping is carried out, images of different years are compared, and the changing ground features are extracted;

[0054] Verify the current status of the results of internal interpretation through information verification, form the final monitoring results and integrate them;

[0055] Among them, for the main body of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the cultural relics within the main body is extracted; for the protection scope and construction control zone of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the land features within the two lines is extracted.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the information verification is at least used to confirm whether the approval procedures are in place, organize the results of the verification, and distinguish reasonable change spots from spots of illegal construction that have not been reported or approved;

[0057] The information verification process includes field verification and / or information retrieval verification.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, a grading and evaluation system for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics is constructed based on illegal spots and the value of the cultural relics themselves, including the following steps:

[0059] Step S31, determining evaluation indicators, wherein the evaluation indicators at least include scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and level of cultural relics;

[0060] Step S32: Determine the weight of each indicator by combining the combined weighting method.

[0061] Among them, the scale area is used to measure the size and scope of illegal spots, and is an important indicator factor for evaluating the degree of harm. After statistically analyzing the areas of all illegal spots in the monitoring year, the value range is set from large to small through the method of grading by calculation, and the weight coefficient is assigned, which takes the value between (0,1].

[0062] The location index refers to the distance and distribution density between the illegal spots and the cultural relics, which is used to reflect the geographical location characteristics of the illegal spots. In combination with the characteristics of cultural relics protection, cultural relics are divided into three types of areas: the main area, the protection range and the construction control zone. The illegal spots are weighted according to the type of protection area they are in, and the coefficients are set to decrease in sequence, with values ​​between (0,1]. Taking into account the actual situation of crossing the protection range and the construction control zone, they are divided into four areas: the main area, protection, crossing the two lines, and construction control.

[0063] The degree of harm refers to the degree of destructive impact of illegal acts on cultural relics after field investigation. For example, damage to the main body of cultural relics is the highest degree of harm, and the result is irreversible; while illegal construction, excavation, and occupation within the two lines have a relatively low degree of impact on cultural relics, but they can be repaired and restored through measures. Therefore, after expert judgment, they are specifically divided into two categories: irreparable and restorable.

[0064] The value of cultural relics is a combination of factors such as the shape, age, and degree of preservation of cultural relics. Since it is difficult to assign indicators to them separately, the selection of evaluation indicators this time selects the level of cultural relics recognized by the state as the weight indicator for comprehensive evaluation of the value of cultural relics. That is, according to their protection level, they are divided into world cultural heritage, national, provincial, municipal, and county key cultural relics, and weights are assigned respectively.

[0065] According to the characteristics of each indicator, the weight of each indicator is determined by combining the combined weighting method to improve the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. Based on the experience of experts or the preferences of decision makers, each indicator is subjectively weighted, such as location indicators, degree of hazard, level of cultural relics, etc.; mathematical or statistical methods are used to objectively weight each indicator, such as scale and area. According to the characteristics of each map, the corresponding weight coefficient is determined and the value assignment calculation is performed. The specific distribution of the evaluation indicator weights is shown in Table 1 below.

[0066]

[0067] Table 1

[0068] The setting and assignment of weight factors can be based on subjective weighting methods based on expert experience or decision maker preferences, or on objective weighting of each indicator using mathematical or statistical methods. Combining the advantages of both, each indicator is comprehensively weighted to improve the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S3 further includes:

[0070] Using GIS spatial analysis methods, the location of the illegal map is superimposed on the two-line range for analysis, multiplied by the weight coefficient corresponding to the scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and cultural relic level, and the illegal degree model is used to calculate and obtain the final result.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the illegality model is expressed as:

[0072] P=A×S×D×L

[0073] Among them, P represents the degree of illegality of the illegal map, A represents the weight coefficient of the affected area, S represents the weight coefficient of the location index, D represents the weight coefficient of the degree of harm, and L represents the weight coefficient of the cultural relic level.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S4 specifically includes:

[0075] Based on the final results, the illegal spots of immovable cultural relics are divided into different levels, including serious violations, general violations, and minor violations;

[0076] Serious violations are indicated in red, general violations in orange, and minor violations in yellow, forming a thematic map for classifying and grading violations.

[0077] This classification method is a methodological discussion on the classification of each single image patch. The result is a value between (0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the degree of violation. All the output calculation results are sorted and statistically analyzed, and the levels are divided according to the needs, and the average is divided into three categories: serious violation, general violation, and minor violation.

[0078] The monitoring remote sensing images are superimposed with the illegal spots. According to the comprehensive score of the algorithm, the illegal spots of immovable cultural relics are divided into different levels, such as serious violations, general violations, minor violations, etc., and represented by different colors. Severe violations are represented by red, general violations are represented by orange, and minor violations are represented by yellow. This forms a thematic map for the classification of illegal spots, such as Figure 3 The figure shows a visual diagram of the classification and grading of illegal spots in a certain canal.

[0079] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to exclude or limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is obvious that many modifications and changes are feasible in view of the above teachings. Exemplary embodiments are selected and described to explain certain principles of the present invention and their practical application, so that other technicians in the field can make or use various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the present invention will be defined by the claims attached hereto and their equivalents.

[0080] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It can also be a reasonable combination of the features recorded in the above embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual method for grading and classifying illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, data collection and preprocessing; Step S2, identifying illegal spots; Step S3, constructing a grading evaluation system and completing grading calculations; Step S4: Based on the output results and evaluation indicators of step S3, a visualization display is performed using GIS.

2. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes: Obtain at least basic information including records and archives of cultural relics protection units and planning drawings; Acquire at least two periods of high-resolution remote sensing image data and perform unified data processing on the remote sensing image data.

3. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes: Using the pre-processed remote sensing image data, with the support of GIS, two-line range mapping is performed, images of different years are compared, and the changed ground features are extracted; Verify the current status of the results of internal interpretation through information verification, form the final monitoring results and integrate them; Among them, for the main body of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the cultural relics within the main body is extracted; for the protection scope and construction control zone of the cultural relics protection unit, the change information of the land features within the two lines is extracted.

4. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The information verification is at least used to confirm whether the approval procedures are in place, organize the results of the verification, and distinguish reasonable change areas from areas of illegal construction that have not been reported or approved; The information verification process includes field verification and / or information retrieval verification.

5. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, a grading and evaluation system for illegal spots of immovable cultural relics is constructed based on illegal spots and the value of the cultural relics themselves, including the following steps: Step S31, determining evaluation indicators, wherein the evaluation indicators at least include scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and level of cultural relics; Step S32: Determine the weight of each indicator by combining the combined weighting method.

6. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step S3 also includes: Using GIS spatial analysis methods, the location of the illegal map is superimposed on the two-line range for analysis, multiplied by the weight coefficient corresponding to the scale area, location index, degree of hazard, and cultural relic level, and the illegal degree model is used to calculate and obtain the final result.

7. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The illegality model is expressed as: P=A×S×D×L Among them, P represents the degree of illegality of the illegal map, A represents the weight coefficient of the affected area, S represents the weight coefficient of the location index, D represents the weight coefficient of the degree of harm, and L represents the weight coefficient of the cultural relic level.

8. The method for visualizing the classification and grading of illegal spots of immovable cultural relics monitored by remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S4, it specifically includes: Based on the final results, the illegal spots of immovable cultural relics are divided into different levels, including serious violations, general violations, and minor violations; Serious violations are indicated in red, general violations in orange, and minor violations in yellow, forming a thematic map for classifying and grading violations.

Images