Urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling
Through the coupling of HEC-RAS and GIS software, a river channel submersion range model was established, which solved the problem of unscientific urban blue line demarcation in existing urban planning, realized planning according to local conditions, eliminated the contradiction between river channels and land use, and improved the The scientificity and rationality of the planning.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311031365.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-21
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of scientific and reasonable methods for demarcating urban blue lines in existing urban planning, resulting in conflicts between the river channel and the current land use and planned land use, and traditional methods cannot accurately simulate the flooding range of the river channel.
By combining HEC-RAS and GIS software, a river channel submersion range model is established to accurately simulate the river channel submersion range, and the contradiction between the river channel and the current land and planned land is eliminated according to the planning requirements, and the urban blue line is drawn.
The urban blue line planning adapted to local conditions has been realized, which eliminates contradictions and conflicts in traditional methods, improves the scientificity and rationality of the planning, and ensures the continuity of the river and the protection of the ecological environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119494549A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban blue line planning, and more specifically to an urban blue line planning method based on the coupling of GIS and HEC-RAS model. Background Art
[0002] The river system is an important part of the life community of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes, and grasses, and is of great significance in urban planning and construction. However, with the continuous acceleration of urbanization, a large number of rivers and ecologically sensitive spaces along the river have been continuously occupied, destroying the original flood control system and ecological system, and causing great ecological pressure on the region. Therefore, the demarcation of the river blue line is of great significance to the protection of water space and flood control and drainage safety. In 2005, the Ministry of Construction promulgated the "Urban Blue Line Management Measures", which clarified the urban river blue line, that is, the protection and control area boundary of urban surface water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals and wetlands, and implemented the spatial control of the river system in the stages of urban master planning, control detailed planning, block planning, and handling of relevant approval conditions, so as to ensure the continuity of the river in the vertical and horizontal directions. As an important ecological barrier and water conservation area, the demarcation of the river blue line is of great significance to regional flood control safety and ecological environmental protection.
[0003] There is no unified understanding and planning method for the delineation of river blue lines in the existing urban planning profession. Basically, the delineation is carried out based on human experience or human trial calculations under the requirements of standard specifications. However, these methods are greatly affected by the configuration, level and case selection of professional and technical personnel. Due to the wide scope of special planning research, it is difficult to conduct detailed visits and investigations. In the investigation of the preparation of specific urban planning, professionals often pay attention to information such as ground buildings and roads, and pay insufficient attention to the current status of rivers. At the same time, due to the lack of scientific and reasonable tool planning, the planned urban blue line often conflicts with the buildings, farmland, roads, etc. in the current land use and planned land use. In addition, the blue line of the river in the existing urban planning is basically drawn as two parallel lines, and the intersection and turning of the river are rounded. However, this is not the case for naturally formed rivers in reality, especially the natural rivers in suburban areas and the historical rivers in cities. In the actual operation process, they are excessively "straightened" and lose their own charm. It is precisely because there is no accurate definition of the blue line drawing method for rivers that the blue line drawing methods of various urban planning compilations are different.
[0004] The scheme of the present invention standardizes the entire design process of urban blue line planning through scientific and reasonable tools. According to the HEC-RAS software, the water surface line of the river flood control level is deduced, and the GIS software is coupled to establish a river flooding range model based on the coupling of HEC-RAS and GIS. According to the river flooding range line, the contradiction between the river and the existing land use and the planned land use is eliminated according to the planning requirements. At the same time, the urban blue line is delineated in combination with the reserved space requirements in the river blue line planning. Compared with the traditional methods in the past, the present invention uses a model to accurately simulate the scope of river flooding, abandons the traditional urban blue line planning method, realizes the differentiation of urban blue lines between different regions according to local conditions, and is more scientific and reasonable than the traditional methods. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention discloses an urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling, the main purpose of which is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and shortcomings of the prior art.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] An urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling, the planning method comprises the following specific steps:
[0008] Step 1: Input the river section data. Create the river midline, name the pile numbers for each section of the river, and then determine the size data of each section of the river.
[0009] Step 2: Calculate the peak flow rate. Based on the river section data in step 1 and the planned flood control standards, calculate the peak flow rate of the designed flood.
[0010] Step 3: HEC-RAS model calculation, according to the river cross-section data perpendicular to the flow direction in step 1, the river cross-section data and plane data are input into the HEC-RAS software to simulate the river water surface line, and then the water level of each section is deduced according to the designed flood peak flow in step 2 to obtain the flood control water level line of the river section;
[0011] Step 4: Plan the flood control water level. Input the flood control water level line of the river section obtained in step 3 into ARCGIS software to simulate and plan the flood control water level line.
[0012] Step 5: GIS model flood inundation simulation: According to the terrain data and river water surface line data, a GIS-based inundation range model is established, and then the inundation range simulation is performed to obtain the flood inundation range water depth distribution layer;
[0013] Step 6: GIS model flood inundation analysis. In the GIS software, the simulated flood inundation range water depth distribution layer obtained in step 5 is superimposed with the satellite image of the study area. The visualization function of GIS is used to intuitively display the scope of the inundation area to identify the contradictions between the urban blue line and the current land use and planned land use. By comparing and analyzing with satellite images and land use planning maps, the contradictions between the natural river water surface line and the basic farmland, railways, roads, buildings and planning maps are determined;
[0014] Step 7: Eliminate conflicts and draw the urban blue line. The rules for eliminating conflicts are as follows:
[0015] (1) If it involves flooding of basic farmland, it can be reported to the management department for adjustment at an appropriate time;
[0016] (2) The urban blue line planning proposes adjustment measures such as building flood control embankments, raising the road surface, and channelizing the river for river sections where the river surface line conflicts with the existing land use, existing railways, and existing roads. At the same time, on the basis of ensuring the land use of the river water area, the management scope line of the river A is extended 5m outward to serve as a buffer zone between the river and the surrounding areas;
[0017] Step 8: Determine whether the requirements of urban planning are met. If so, proceed to step 9. If not, return to step 6 and readjust the land use planning map. If the requirements are still not met after adjustment, return to step 1 and readjust the size of the river judgment surface or adjust the planning measures.
[0018] Step 9: The city’s blue line planning is completed.
[0019] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the peak flow in step 2 is as follows:
[0020] in,
[0021] Qm──designed peak flow (m3 / s);
[0022] ht───maximum precipitation in period t (mm);
[0023] τ───Basin confluence time (h);
[0024] m───confluence parameter;
[0025] F──water catchment area of the designed section (km2);
[0026] L───The main river length above the design section (km);
[0027] J───Average slope of the river channel in the designed section (‰).
[0028] Furthermore, the specific steps of the flood inundation simulation of the GIS model in step 5 are as follows:
[0029] (1) Address data processing: First, in the GIS software, use the terrain processing and analysis tools provided by the software to perform terrain analysis and generate a TIN file;
[0030] (2) River water surface line input: The river flood control water surface line simulated by HKC-KAS software is input into ARCGIS software;
[0031] (3) Establish a GIS-based flood range model: Use the Spatial Analysis / Tope toraster in ArcGIS to perform spatial interpolation calculations on the water level on the river control section to generate a flood elevation surface that conforms to the actual situation;
[0032] (4) Inundation range simulation: Use the grid calculator in GIS to calculate the actual inundation depth and inundation range.
[0033] Inundation depth = spatial interpolation flood elevation surface - bottom DEM elevation;
[0034] Inundation range: The calculated water depth results are classified into those greater than 0 and those less than 0. The part greater than 0 is the water depth distribution of the flood inundation range at this flood level elevation.
[0035] Furthermore, the planning processing measures in step eight are adjusted as follows:
[0036] When the railway is flooded, the planned treatment measure is to modify the flood levees;
[0037] When roads are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to raise the road surface;
[0038] When buildings are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to demarcate them as blue lines;
[0039] When farmland is flooded, the planned treatment measures are to report to the management department and adjust at the appropriate time;
[0040] When green space is flooded, the planned treatment measure is river channelization.
[0041] It can be seen from the above description of the present invention that, compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
[0042] Advantage 1: The scheme of the present invention uses HEC-RAS software to deduce the water surface line of the river flood control level, inputs it into GIS software, and establishes a river flooding range model based on the coupling of HEC-RAS and GIS. According to the river flooding range line, the contradiction between the river and the existing land use and the planned land use is eliminated according to the planning requirements. At the same time, the urban blue line is delineated in combination with the reserved space requirements in the river blue line planning. The model is used to accurately simulate the scope of river flooding, abandoning the traditional urban blue line planning method, and using quantitative analysis throughout the process, so as to achieve the differentiation of urban blue lines between different regions according to local conditions. Compared with the traditional urban planning blue line method, it is more scientific and reasonable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] Figure 1 It is a planning implementation flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for urban blue line planning based on coupling of GIS and HEC-RAS model includes the following specific steps:
[0046] Step 1: Input the river section data. Create the river midline, name the pile numbers for each section of the river, and then determine the size data of each section of the river.
[0047] Step 2: Calculate the peak flow. Based on the river section data in step 1 and the planned flood control standards, calculate the peak flow of the designed flood. The calculation formula for the peak flow is as follows:
[0048] in,
[0049] Qm──designed peak flow (m3 / s);
[0050] ht───maximum precipitation in period t (mm);
[0051] τ───Basin confluence time (h);
[0052] m───confluence parameter;
[0053] F──water catchment area of the designed section (km2);
[0054] L───The main river length above the design section (km);
[0055] J───Average slope of the river channel in the designed section (‰).
[0056] Step 3: HEC-RAS model calculation, according to the river cross-section data perpendicular to the flow direction in step 1, the river cross-section data and plane data are input into the HEC-RAS software to simulate the river water surface line, and then the water level of each section is deduced according to the designed flood peak flow in step 2 to obtain the flood control water level line of the river section;
[0057] Step 4: Plan the flood control water level. Input the flood control water level line of the river section obtained in step 3 into ARCGIS software to simulate and plan the flood control water level line.
[0058] Step 5: GIS model flood inundation simulation: Based on the terrain data and river water surface line data, a GIS-based inundation range model is established, and then the inundation range simulation is performed to obtain the flood inundation range water depth distribution layer; the specific steps of the GIS model flood inundation simulation are as follows:
[0059] (1) Address data processing: First, in the GIS software, use the terrain processing and analysis tools provided by the software to perform terrain analysis and generate a TIN file;
[0060] (2) River water surface line input: The river flood control water surface line simulated by HKC-KAS software is input into ARCGIS software;
[0061] (3) Establish a GIS-based flood range model: Use the Spatial Analysis / Tope toraster in ArcGIS to perform spatial interpolation calculations on the water level on the river control section to generate a flood elevation surface that conforms to the actual situation;
[0062] (4) Inundation range simulation: Use the grid calculator in GIS to calculate the actual inundation depth and inundation range.
[0063] Inundation depth = spatial interpolation flood elevation surface - bottom DEM elevation;
[0064] Inundation range: The calculated water depth results are classified into those greater than 0 and those less than 0. The part greater than 0 is the water depth distribution of the flood inundation range at this flood level elevation.
[0065] Step 6: GIS model flood inundation analysis. In the GIS software, the simulated flood inundation range water depth distribution layer obtained in step 5 is superimposed with the satellite image of the study area. The visualization function of GIS is used to intuitively display the scope of the inundation area to identify the contradictions between the urban blue line and the current land use and planned land use. By comparing and analyzing with satellite images and land use planning maps, the contradictions between the natural river water surface line and the basic farmland, railways, roads, buildings and planning maps are determined;
[0066] Step 7: Eliminate conflicts and draw the urban blue line. The rules for eliminating conflicts are as follows:
[0067] (1) If it involves flooding of basic farmland, it can be reported to the management department for adjustment at an appropriate time;
[0068] (2) The urban blue line planning proposes adjustment measures such as building flood control embankments, raising the road surface, and channelizing the river for river sections where the river surface line conflicts with the existing land use, existing railways, and existing roads. At the same time, on the basis of ensuring the land use of the river water area, the management scope line of the river A is extended 5m outward to serve as a buffer zone between the river and the surrounding areas;
[0069] Step 8: Determine whether the requirements of urban planning are met. If so, proceed to step 9. If not, return to step 6 and readjust the land use planning map. If the requirements are still not met after adjustment, return to step 1 and readjust the size of the river judgment surface, or adjust the planning measures. The planning measures are adjusted as follows:
[0070] When the railway is flooded, the planned treatment measure is to modify the flood levees;
[0071] When roads are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to raise the road surface;
[0072] When buildings are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to demarcate them as blue lines;
[0073] When farmland is flooded, the planned treatment measures are to report to the management department and adjust at the appropriate time;
[0074] When green space is flooded, the planned treatment measure is river channelization.
[0075] Step 9: The city’s blue line planning is completed.
[0076] The scheme of the present invention is based on the HEC-RAS software to deduce the water surface line of the river flood control level, input into the GIS software, establish a river flooding range model based on the coupling of HEC-RAS and GIS, and eliminate the contradiction between the river and the existing land use and the planned land use according to the river flooding range line and planning requirements, and at the same time, combine the reserved space requirements in the river blue line planning to delineate the urban blue line. The model is used to accurately simulate the scope of river flooding, abandon the traditional urban blue line planning method, and adopt quantitative analysis throughout the process, so as to achieve the differentiation of urban blue lines between different regions according to local conditions, which is more scientific and reasonable than the traditional urban planning blue line method.
[0077] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this. Any non-substantial improvement of the present invention using this concept should be regarded as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for urban blue line planning based on coupling of GIS and HEC-RAS model, characterized by: The planning method includes the following specific steps: Step 1: Input the river section data. Create the river midline, name the pile numbers for each section of the river, and then determine the size data of each section of the river. Step 2: Calculate the peak flow rate. Based on the river section data in step 1 and the planned flood control standards, calculate the peak flow rate of the designed flood. Step 3: HEC-RAS model calculation, according to the river cross-section data perpendicular to the flow direction in step 1, the river cross-section data and plane data are input into the HEC-RAS software to simulate the river water surface line, and then the water level of each section is deduced according to the designed flood peak flow in step 2 to obtain the flood control water level line of the river section; Step 4: Plan the flood control water level. Input the flood control water level line of the river section obtained in step 3 into ARCGIS software to simulate and plan the flood control water level line. Step 5: GIS model flood inundation simulation: According to the terrain data and river water surface line data, a GIS-based inundation range model is established, and then the inundation range simulation is performed to obtain the flood inundation range water depth distribution layer; Step 6: GIS model flood inundation analysis. In the GIS software, the simulated flood inundation range water depth distribution layer obtained in step 5 is superimposed with the satellite image of the study area. The visualization function of GIS is used to intuitively display the scope of the inundation area to identify the contradictions between the urban blue line and the current land use and planned land use. By comparing and analyzing with satellite images and land use planning maps, the contradictions between the natural river water surface line and the basic farmland, railways, roads, buildings and planning maps are determined; Step 7: Eliminate conflicts and draw the urban blue line. The rules for eliminating conflicts are as follows: (1) If it involves flooding of basic farmland, it can be reported to the management department for adjustment at an appropriate time; (2) The urban blue line planning proposes adjustment measures such as building flood control embankments, raising the road surface, and channelizing the river for river sections where the river surface line conflicts with the existing land use, existing railways, and existing roads. At the same time, on the basis of ensuring the land use of the river water area, the management scope line of the river A is extended 5m outward to serve as a buffer zone between the river and the surrounding areas; Step 8: Determine whether the requirements of urban planning are met. If so, proceed to step 9. If not, return to step 6 and readjust the land use planning map. If the requirements are still not met after adjustment, return to step 1 and readjust the size of the river judgment surface or adjust the planning measures. Step 9: The city’s blue line planning is completed.
2. The urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the peak flow in step 2 is as follows: in, Qm──designed peak flow (m3 / s); ht───maximum precipitation in period t (mm); τ───Basin confluence time (h); m───confluence parameter; F──water catchment area of the designed section (km2); L───The main river length above the design section (km); J───Average slope of the river channel in the designed section (‰).
3. The urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps of the GIS model flood inundation simulation in step 5 are as follows: (1) Address data processing: First, in the GIS software, use the terrain processing and analysis tools provided by the software to perform terrain analysis and generate a TIN file; (2) River water surface line input: The river flood control water surface line simulated by HKC-KAS software is input into ARCGIS software; (3) Establish a GIS-based flood range model: Use Spatial Analysis / Tope to raster in ArcGIS to perform spatial interpolation calculations on the water level on the river control section to generate a flood elevation surface that conforms to the actual situation; (4) Inundation range simulation: Use the grid calculator in GIS to calculate the actual inundation depth and inundation range. Inundation depth = spatial interpolation flood elevation surface - bottom DEM elevation; Inundation range: The calculated water depth results are classified into those greater than 0 and those less than 0. The part greater than 0 is the water depth distribution of the flood inundation range at this flood level elevation.
4. The urban blue line planning method based on GIS and HEC-RAS model coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The measures for planning processing in step eight are adjusted as follows: When the railway is flooded, the planned treatment measure is to modify the flood levees; When roads are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to raise the road surface; When buildings are flooded, the planned treatment measure is to demarcate them as blue lines; When farmland is flooded, the planned treatment measures are to report to the management department and adjust at the appropriate time; When green space is flooded, the planned treatment measure is river channelization.