Dual-frequency antenna device and dual-frequency communication module for Internet of Things equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-frequency antenna device and a dual-frequency communication module for Internet of Things equipment. The dual-frequency antenna device comprises a PCB; the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna is arranged on the first layer of the PCB; the 5GHz frequency band antenna is arranged on the second layer of the PCB; wherein the PCB is provided with a via hole, and the via hole is formed from the first layer to the second layer and is used for connecting the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5GHz frequency band antenna and conducting a signal between the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5GHz frequency band antenna. According to the dual-frequency antenna device for the Internet of Things equipment, provided by the invention, dual-frequency work is realized by adopting two layers of PCB routing and one via hole, and receiving and transmitting of signals of two frequency bands can be met at the same time; the overall size can be controlled within 12.3 mm in length, 4.3 mm in width and 0.8 mm in board thickness, extra welding pads are not needed, and the circuit board space occupied by the antenna is greatly reduced. Experimental data show that the antenna efficiency of the 2.4 GHz frequency band can reach more than 20%, and the antenna efficiency of the 5GHz frequency band can reach about 40%; the antenna gain of 2.4 GHz is about-3dBi, and the antenna gain of 5GHz frequency band is about 2.3 dBi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna design technology, and in particular to a dual-frequency antenna device and a dual-frequency communication module for an Internet of Things device. Background Art

[0002] For dual-band antenna design, such as the antenna design for 2.4GHz and 5GHz, the traditional design often uses ceramic substrates to meet the needs of dual-band operation because the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands are far apart. This design not only increases the size of the antenna body, but also requires it to be fixed on the circuit board by welding, which generally results in a cost higher than a few yuan. This is particularly disadvantageous in miniaturized and cost-sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

[0003] It can be seen that traditional dual-band antenna designs usually face the problems of large size and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) dual-band antenna design solution for IoT devices, which is used to achieve high-efficiency signal reception and transmission in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands, and is suitable for miniaturized IoT dual-band communication modules.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a dual-frequency antenna device for an Internet of Things device is provided, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] PCB;

[0007] A 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna, arranged on the first layer of the PCB; and

[0008] A 5 GHz frequency band antenna, arranged on the second layer of the PCB;

[0009] The PCB is provided with a via, which is formed by punching from the first layer to the second layer, and is used to connect the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna and conduct signals between the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna.

[0010] Wherein, the routing of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna on the second layer of the PCB is formed based on fractal design theory.

[0011] The wiring of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna has a tuning unit, and the tuning unit includes sawteeth and / or grooves.

[0012] The 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna are located at corresponding positions on the PCB, and their routing directions are consistent.

[0013] The 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna are arranged in parallel on the PCB.

[0014] The lengths and areas of the microstrip lines of the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna on the PCB are respectively used to realize the resonance points of the corresponding frequency bands.

[0015] The PCB has a two-layer structure, the first layer is the top layer of the PCB, and the second layer is the bottom layer of the PCB.

[0016] The PCB has a two-layer structure, the first layer is the bottom layer of the PCB, and the second layer is the top layer of the PCB.

[0017] The frequency band of the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna includes 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, and the frequency band of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna includes 5.1 to 5.8 GHz.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present application, a dual-frequency communication module for an Internet of Things device is provided, which includes the dual-frequency antenna device as described in the first aspect.

[0019] According to the dual-frequency antenna device and dual-frequency communication module for IoT devices provided by this application, two layers of PCB routing and one via are used to achieve dual-frequency operation, which can simultaneously meet the transmission and reception of signals in two frequency bands; the overall size can be controlled within a length of 12.3mm*width of 4.3mm*board thickness of 0.8mm, and no additional welding pad is required, which greatly reduces the circuit board space occupied by the antenna. Experimental data show that the antenna efficiency in the 2.4GHz band can reach more than 20%, and the antenna efficiency in the 5GHz band can reach about 40%; the antenna gain in the 2.4GHz band is about -3dBi, and the antenna gain in the 5GHz band is about 2.3dBi. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exceeding the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 Front view of a drawing of a PCB dual-band antenna design for an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 Back view of the drawing of the PCB dual-band antenna design for IoT devices according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 An overall diagram of a PCB dual-band antenna design for an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 An overall drawing of a PCB dual-band antenna design for an IoT device according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 Simulation results of the efficiency of the PCB dual-band antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 Simulation results of PCB dual-band antenna gain according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings that are suggested or implied in the context rather than explicitly stated. Similarly, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" used herein do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and the phrases "in another embodiment" or "in other embodiments" used herein do not necessarily refer to different embodiments. The phrases "in one implementation" or "in some implementations" used herein do not necessarily refer to the same implementation, and the phrases "in another implementation" or "in other implementations" used herein do not necessarily refer to different implementations. For example, the claimed subject matter includes all or part of a combination of exemplary embodiments or implementations.

[0029] In general, terms can be understood at least in part from their use in context. For example, terms used herein, such as "and", "or", "and / or", can include multiple meanings, which can depend at least in part on the context in which the terms are used. Typically, "or", if used in an associative list, such as A, B, or C, means A, B, and C, which are used here for inclusion, and A, B, or C, which are used here only for exclusion. In addition, the terms "one or more" or "at least one" used herein, depending at least in part on the context, can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, and characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms such as "one", "an", or "said", depending at least in part on the context, can also be understood to convey singular or plural usage. In addition, also at least in part on the context, the term "based on" or "determined by..." can be understood to not necessarily be intended to represent a set of exclusive factors, but rather to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0030] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 They are respectively the front view, back view and overall view of the drawings of the PCB dual-frequency antenna design for IoT devices according to the embodiment of the present application, wherein the PCB includes a double-layer structure, including a first layer and a second layer, which can be two copper layers on the PCB. According to a specific embodiment, the first layer is the top layer (Top layer) and the second layer is the bottom layer (Bottom layer). According to another specific embodiment, the first layer is the bottom layer (Bottom layer) and the second layer is the top layer (Top layer). Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the 2.4 GHz band antenna is on the first layer of the PCB, and the 5 GHz band antenna is on the second layer of the PCB. A via is punched between the first layer and the second layer. The via is used to connect the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna to achieve conduction and conduct the signal between the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna. According to a specific embodiment, the top layer of the PCB is connected to the bottom layer through a via to connect the 2.4 GHz band antenna on the top layer and the 5 GHz band antenna on the bottom layer. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The overall antenna device is formed by routing the wires in the pattern shown in FIG. Figure 3 According to a specific embodiment, the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna are arranged in parallel on the PCB.

[0031] According to a specific embodiment, the frequency band of the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna is 2.4-2.5 GHz, and the frequency band of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna is 5.1-5.8 GHz frequency band antenna.

[0032] According to some embodiments, the following ideas are used for the wiring and shape design of the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna:

[0033] First, the wavelength of the 5GHz band antenna is about half of that of the 2.4GHz band antenna. Therefore, the routing size of the 5GHz band antenna is designed to be about half of that of the 2.4GHz band antenna. Secondly, the bandwidth spanned by the 5.1-5.8GHz band antenna is relatively wide. In order to ensure the broadband radiation effect, the wiring of the 5GHz band antenna is designed with tuning units such as sawtooth and / or groove to expand the bandwidth. Figure 2 Some small hooks and protrusions in the shown part are mainly used to expand the bandwidth of the 5G band antenna. Finally, the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna correspond to each other on the PCB, and the routing is consistent in direction, which can minimize the size of the dual-band antenna.

[0034] According to the design of 2.4GHz band antenna and 5GHz band antenna, the length and area of ​​their microstrip lines on PCB are used to realize the resonance points of the corresponding frequency bands, so as to realize the radiation and reception of the corresponding signals.

[0035] Through the above dual-band antenna design ideas, the overall size of the device is firmly controlled within the length of 12.3mm*width of 4.3mm*board thickness of 0.8mm. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 According to another embodiment, the overall size of the device can also be controlled within the range of length 15.8 mm*width 5.09 mm*plate thickness 0.8 mm. Figure 4 As shown. In addition, no additional soldering pad is required, which greatly reduces the circuit board space occupied by the antenna. It can be seen that the antenna designed in this application is extremely small in size, suitable for miniaturized IoT dual-band communication modules, and also suitable for IoT modules that only support the 5GHz frequency band.

[0036] In addition, since the present application adopts a PCB printed antenna and integrates it into the module design, additional cost expenditure is avoided. Compared with the traditional ceramic antenna, the cost competitiveness of the wireless module is significantly improved.

[0037] According to a specific embodiment, for the design of a 5 GHz band antenna, the resonance point of the 5 GHz band is achieved and the working bandwidth is optimized by adjusting the length and area of ​​several microstrip line branches. In addition, the routing of the 5 GHz band antenna can adopt fractal design theory to achieve aesthetics and miniaturization.

[0038] The 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna are designed according to the above principles. Experimental data show that the antenna efficiency of the 2.4 GHz band can reach more than 20%, and the antenna efficiency of the 5 GHz band can reach about 40%. Figure 5 As shown; the antenna gain of 2.4GHz is about -3dBi, and the antenna gain of 5GHz band is about 2.3dBi. Figure 6 shown.

[0039] According to some embodiments, the working principle of the dual-frequency antenna device designed in this application is as follows:

[0040] The resonance in the 2.4GHz band is mainly caused by Figure 1 The resonance in the 5GHz band is mainly caused by Figure 2 The partial routing shown is generated, and the two sections of the overall routing are parallel, which can achieve the purpose of compressing the overall width, for example, to within 4.25mm; wherein, Figure 2 The basic electrical dimensions of the traces shown are half the size of the 2.4 GHz band antenna. Some tuning traces of the 5 GHz band antenna are based on the fractal design theory applied in geometry, which can save space, facilitate miniaturization, and be more beautiful.

[0041] When the 2.4GHz band antenna is on the top layer of the PCB and the 5GHz band antenna is on the bottom layer of the PCB, the dual-frequency signal fed by the transmission line is fed from directly below the top layer of the PCB. For the 2.4GHz band signal to be sent, the fed signal is radiated from the routing of the 2.4GHz band antenna on the top layer. For the 5GHz band signal to be sent, the fed signal goes through the top layer of the PCB, is modulated by the 2.4GHz band antenna, is guided to the bottom layer through the via, and finally radiates from the routing of the 5GHz band antenna on the bottom layer. The signal reception process is similar to this - the 2.4GHz band antenna is responsible for receiving the 2.4GHz band signal, and the 5GHz band antenna is responsible for receiving the 5GHz band signal. Among them, the 5GHz band signal is received by the 5GHz band antenna on the bottom layer of the PCB, passes through the via to the top layer of the PCB, is processed by the 2.4GHz band antenna, and then the processed signal is transmitted to the circuit board for feeding by the IC pin on the circuit board.

[0042] According to another aspect of the present application, a dual-frequency communication module for an Internet of Things device is also provided, which includes the above-mentioned dual-frequency antenna device.

[0043] References to features, advantages, or similar language in this specification do not mean that all features and advantages that can be achieved by the present solution should be included or included in any single implementation thereof. Instead, language referring to features and advantages is understood to mean that a particular feature, advantage, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Therefore, discussions of features, advantages, and similar language throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.

[0044] In addition, the features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Based on the description herein, a person of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize that the present solution can be implemented without one or more specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other cases, additional features and advantages can be realized in a particular embodiment that is not presented in all embodiments of the present solution.

[0045] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, changes or deformations made by those skilled in the art based on the ideas of the present application, the specific implementation methods and the scope of application of the present application, all belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency antenna device for an Internet of Things device, characterized in that: include: PCB; A 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna, arranged on the first layer of the PCB; as well as A 5 GHz frequency band antenna, arranged on the second layer of the PCB; The PCB is provided with a via, which is formed by punching from the first layer to the second layer, and is used to connect the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna and conduct signals between the 2.4 GHz band antenna and the 5 GHz band antenna.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The routing of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna on the second layer of the PCB is formed based on fractal design theory.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The wiring of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna has a tuning unit, and the tuning unit includes sawteeth and / or grooves.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna are located at corresponding positions on the PCB, and their routing directions are consistent.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna are arranged in parallel on the PCB.

6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The lengths and areas of the microstrip lines of the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna and the 5 GHz frequency band antenna on the PCB are respectively used to realize the resonance points of the corresponding frequency bands.

7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The PCB has a two-layer structure, the first layer is the top layer of the PCB, and the second layer is the bottom layer of the PCB.

8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The PCB has a two-layer structure, the first layer is the bottom layer of the PCB, and the second layer is the top layer of the PCB.

9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The frequency band of the 2.4 GHz frequency band antenna includes 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, and the frequency band of the 5 GHz frequency band antenna includes 5.1 to 5.8 GHz.

10. A dual-frequency communication module for an Internet of Things device, comprising the dual-frequency antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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