Communication method and device, electronic equipment, chip and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and device, electronic equipment, a chip and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining communication parameters of communication transmission between terminal equipment and network equipment; under the condition that the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement, a first coding and decoding mode adopted by communication transmission is switched to a second coding and decoding mode; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding mode is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding mode. The coding data volume corresponding to the second coding and decoding mode is lower than the coding data volume corresponding to the first coding and decoding mode, and the first coding and decoding mode is switched into the second coding and decoding mode, so that the transmission data volume can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupation can be reduced, the problem of data loss caused by the fact that the bandwidth required by data transmission exceeds the capability is solved, and the probability of data loss is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, device, electronic device, chip and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The network environment is one of the main factors affecting communication quality. In related technologies, when the network environment is poor, the terminal improves communication quality by reducing the bit rate (code rate). However, when the transmission bandwidth allocated by the network to the terminal is lower than the minimum bandwidth requirement of the codec method used for communication, the channel capacity is limited and the complete codec data cannot be carried, resulting in a high probability of data loss during transmission. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0004] To this end, the following technical solutions are proposed:

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a communication method, including:

[0006] Obtaining communication parameters for communication transmission between terminal devices and network devices;

[0007] When the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement, switching the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission to the second coding and decoding mode;

[0008] The minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0009] Optionally, the switching of the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission to a second coding and decoding mode includes:

[0010] Sending negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode;

[0011] receiving negotiation response information returned by the network device, where the negotiation response information is used to indicate the second codec selected by the network device from the candidate codecs;

[0012] Based on the negotiation reply information, the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission is switched to the second coding and decoding mode.

[0013] Optionally, the communication parameter is a network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device, and the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, including that the network bandwidth is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method;

[0014] Before sending the negotiation information for requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the method further includes:

[0015] Based on the network bandwidth, candidate codecs whose required minimum bandwidth is smaller than the network bandwidth are screened.

[0016] Optionally, the acquiring of communication parameters of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device includes:

[0017] Obtain the network bandwidth for communication transmission allocated by the network device to the terminal device.

[0018] Optionally, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement includes: the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0019] Optionally, the acquiring of communication parameters of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device includes:

[0020] Obtain a packet loss rate of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

[0021] Optionally, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement includes: the packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides a communication method, including:

[0023] Communicate and transmit with terminal equipment;

[0024] Among them, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the network device and the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

[0025] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0026] Receiving negotiation information for requesting to switch a codec sent by the terminal device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec, and a minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first codec;

[0027] Based on the negotiation information, negotiation reply information is sent to the terminal device so that the terminal device switches the first codec mode used for the communication transmission to the second codec mode based on the negotiation reply information; wherein the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes.

[0028] The third aspect of the present application provides a communication device, including:

[0029] An acquisition module is used to acquire communication parameters for communication transmission between a terminal device and a network device;

[0030] A switching module, configured to switch the first coding and decoding mode used in the communication transmission to a second coding and decoding mode when the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements;

[0031] The minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0032] Optionally, the switching module is specifically used to:

[0033] Sending negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode;

[0034] receiving negotiation response information returned by the network device, where the negotiation response information is used to indicate the second codec selected by the network device from the candidate codecs;

[0035] Based on the negotiation reply information, the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission is switched to the second coding and decoding mode.

[0036] Optionally, the communication parameter is a network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device, and the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, including that the network bandwidth is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method; the device further includes:

[0037] The screening module is used to screen candidate codecs whose required minimum bandwidth is less than the network bandwidth based on the network bandwidth.

[0038] Optionally, the acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0039] Obtain the network bandwidth for communication transmission allocated by the network device to the terminal device.

[0040] Optionally, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement includes: the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0041] Optionally, the acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0042] Obtain a packet loss rate of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

[0043] Optionally, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement includes: the packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

[0044] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a communication device, including:

[0045] A communication module, used for communicating with a terminal device;

[0046] Among them, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the network device and the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

[0047] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0048] A receiving module, configured to receive negotiation information for requesting to switch a codec mode sent by the terminal device, wherein the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode;

[0049] A sending module is used to send negotiation reply information to the terminal device based on the negotiation information, so that the terminal device switches the first codec mode used for the communication transmission to the second codec mode based on the negotiation reply information; wherein the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes.

[0050] The fifth aspect embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, including a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the communication method proposed in the first aspect embodiment or the second aspect embodiment of the present application when executing the computer program.

[0051] The sixth aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a chip, comprising at least one processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to receive signals input into the chip or signals output from the chip, the processor communicates with the communication interface and implements the communication method proposed in the first aspect embodiment or the second aspect embodiment of the present application through logic circuits or execution code instructions.

[0052] The seventh aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the electronic device can execute the communication method proposed in the first aspect embodiment or the second aspect embodiment of the present application.

[0053] The eighth aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a computer program product, characterized in that when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer implements the communication method proposed in the first aspect embodiment or the second aspect embodiment of the present application.

[0054] The technical solution of the present application obtains the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device; when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, the first codec mode used for the communication transmission is switched to the second codec mode; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode. The amount of coded data corresponding to the second codec mode is lower than that of the first codec mode. By switching the first codec mode to the second codec mode, the amount of transmitted data can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupancy can be reduced, and the problem of data loss caused by the bandwidth required for data transmission exceeding its capacity can be solved, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.

[0055] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 A flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 3 A flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 4A flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 5 A flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a chip system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0067] In some embodiments, devices and equipment may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they may also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "subject", etc.

[0068] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.

[0069] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station (radio base station)", "fixed station (fixed station)", and in some embodiments may also be understood as "node (node)", "access point (access point)", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (reception point, RP)", "transmission and / or reception point (transmission / reception point, TRP)"", "panel (panel)", "antenna panel (antenna panel)", "antenna array (antenna array)"", "cell (cell)", "macro cell (macro cell)", "small cell (small cell)", "femto cell (femto cell)", "pico cell (pico cell)", "sector (sector)", "cell group (cell group)", "serving cell (serving cell)", "carrier (carrier)", "component carrier (component carrier)", "bandwidth part (bandwidth part, BWP)" and the like.

[0070] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" can be referred to as "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal" "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc.

[0071] In order to better understand a communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application, the communication system to which the embodiment of the present application is applicable is first described below.

[0072] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 includes a terminal device 101 and a network device 102 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the terminal device 101 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a Narrow Band-Internet of Things device (NB-IoT), a satellite communication device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, a wireless terminal device in a smart home, and at least one of a reduced capability (RedCap) terminal, but is not limited to these.

[0075] In some embodiments, the network device 102 is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The network device may include nodes such as satellites or drones in an information sending network, evolved NodeB (eNB) in a 5G communication system, next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB), next generation RAN node (NG-RAN node), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), wireless backhaul equipment, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open base station (Open RAN), cloud base station (Cloud RAN), base station in other communication systems, and at least one of access nodes in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0076] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present application is for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0077] The following embodiments of the present application can be applied to Figure 1 The communication system 100, or a portion thereof, is shown but is not limited thereto. Figure 1 The various entities shown are examples, and the communication system may include Figure 1 All or part of the subject, and may also include Figure 1 The number and form of other entities are arbitrary, each entity can be physical or virtual, the connection relationship between the entities is illustrative, the entities can be connected or disconnected, the connection can be in any way, it can be direct or indirect, and it can be wired or wireless.

[0078] The communication method, device, electronic device, chip and readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] In the related art, when the network environment is poor, the transmission bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device may be less than the normal bandwidth. In this case, in order to improve the communication quality, the terminal device will reduce the bit rate (code rate) to meet the bandwidth. However, when the transmission bandwidth allocated by the network device is lower than the minimum bandwidth required by the currently used encoding and decoding method, the problem cannot be solved by reducing the bit rate, resulting in the bandwidth required for transmitting data exceeding its capacity and causing data loss and other problems. In addition, data loss during communication transmission is a common problem that affects communication quality. In the related art, when the data packet loss rate is large, the communication quality is improved by adjusting the jitter buffer (Jitter Buffer) depth of the terminal device itself. However, this method does not reduce the demand for transmission bandwidth and cannot improve the delivery capability of the network device.

[0080] Figure 2 The flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is as follows. The method can be applied to scenarios such as language communication and file transfer. It should be noted that the communication method of this embodiment can be applied to a communication device. In some possible embodiments, the device can be configured in an electronic device or chip so that the electronic device or chip can perform a communication function. For example, the electronic device can be Figure 1In addition, in some possible embodiments, the communication device may also be software in an electronic device, etc. The software may be, for example, communication software, etc. In the following embodiments, the execution subject is a terminal device as an example for description.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0082] Step 201, obtaining communication parameters for communication transmission between a terminal device and a network device.

[0083] The communication parameters include parameters used to indicate the communication quality of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

[0084] In some embodiments, the communication parameters include parameters such as data transmission rate, bit error rate and communication delay.

[0085] Step 202, when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, the first codec used for communication transmission is switched to a second codec; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec.

[0086] The amount of encoded data corresponding to the second encoding and decoding method is lower than that of the first encoding and decoding method.

[0087] In some embodiments, the process of switching a first codec mode used for communication transmission to a second codec mode refers to a process of codec downgrading.

[0088] In some embodiments, any coding method corresponds to a minimum bandwidth; the level of any coding method can be determined based on the minimum bandwidth; the larger the minimum bandwidth of the coding method, the higher the corresponding level; the smaller the minimum bandwidth of the coding method, the lower the corresponding level.

[0089] In some embodiments, a high-level codec corresponds to a higher amount of encoded data than a low-level codec.

[0090] As an example, in a voice communication scenario, the first coding mode may be an enhanced voice services (EVS) mode, and the second coding mode may be an adaptive multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB) mode; or, the first coding mode may be AMR-WB, and the second coding mode may be an adaptive multi-rate narrowband (AMR-NB) mode.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device are obtained; when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, the first codec mode used for the communication transmission is switched to the second codec mode; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode. The amount of encoded data corresponding to the second codec mode is lower than that of the first codec mode. By switching the first codec mode to the second codec mode, the amount of transmitted data can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupancy can be reduced, and the data loss problem caused by the bandwidth required for data transmission exceeding its capacity can be solved, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.

[0092] Figure 3 It should be noted that the communication method of this embodiment can be applied to a communication device. In some possible embodiments, the device can be configured in an electronic device or a chip so that the electronic device or the chip can perform a communication function. For example, the electronic device can be Figure 1 In addition, in some possible embodiments, the communication device may also be software in an electronic device, etc. The software may be, for example, communication software, etc. In the following embodiments, the execution subject is a terminal device as an example for description.

[0093] like Figure 3 As shown, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0094] Step 301, obtaining communication parameters for communication transmission between a terminal device and a network device.

[0095] It should be noted that the specific implementation of step 301 can refer to the various embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here.

[0096] Step 302, when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, send negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

[0097] In some embodiments, the negotiation information may refer to request information based on Session Description Protocol (SDP).

[0098] In some embodiments, the negotiation information may include identification information of the candidate encoding method, wherein the identification information may refer to information such as the name and number of the candidate encoding method.

[0099] In some embodiments, the candidate coding mode may refer to a coding mode whose minimum required bandwidth is smaller than the minimum required bandwidth of the first coding mode.

[0100] In some embodiments, the network device allocates network bandwidth to the terminal device, and the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, including that the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec, and the candidate codec may refer to a codec whose minimum bandwidth is less than the network bandwidth. As an example, before sending negotiation information requesting to switch the codec to the network device, the method further includes: based on the network bandwidth, screening candidate codecs with the minimum network bandwidth required.

[0101] Step 303: Receive negotiation response information returned by the network device, where the negotiation response information is used to indicate a second codec selected by the network device from the candidate codecs.

[0102] In some embodiments, the network device may select a second codec from candidate codecs based on the negotiation information.

[0103] In some embodiments, the negotiation response information may include identification information of the second coding mode, such as a name, a number, etc.

[0104] Step 304: based on the negotiation response information, switch the first codec mode used for communication transmission to a second codec mode.

[0105] It should be noted that the specific implementation of step 304 can refer to the various embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present application, the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device are obtained; when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode is sent to the network device, and the negotiation information is used to indicate the candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode; the negotiation reply information returned by the network device is received, and the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes; based on the negotiation reply information, the first codec mode used for the communication transmission is switched to the second codec mode. Through the negotiation information, when the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, it is possible to actively negotiate with the network device and switch to a codec mode with lower bandwidth requirements, thereby reducing the amount of transmitted data and reducing network bandwidth occupancy.

[0107] Figure 4It should be noted that the communication method of this embodiment can be applied to a communication device. In some possible embodiments, the device can be configured in an electronic device or a chip so that the electronic device or the chip can perform a communication function. For example, the electronic device can be Figure 1 In addition, in some possible embodiments, the communication device may also be software in an electronic device, etc. The software may be, for example, communication software, etc. In the following embodiments, the execution subject is a terminal device as an example for description.

[0108] like Figure 4 As shown, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0109] Step 401, obtaining a network bandwidth for communication transmission allocated by a network device to a terminal device, and / or obtaining a packet loss rate of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

[0110] In some embodiments, the terminal device is able to obtain the network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device for communication transmission.

[0111] In some embodiments, the terminal device can obtain the packet loss rate of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device, or can count the packet loss rate of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

[0112] Step 402, when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, the first codec used for communication transmission is switched to a second codec; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec.

[0113] In some embodiments, if the communication parameter includes network bandwidth, then the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement includes: the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0114] In some embodiments, if the communication parameter includes a packet loss rate, then the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet a set requirement includes: the packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

[0115] In some embodiments, if the communication parameters include network bandwidth and packet loss rate, the communication parameters indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements include: the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first encoding and decoding method, and / or the packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

[0116] It should be noted that the specific implementation of step 402 can refer to the various embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present application, a network bandwidth allocated by a network device to a terminal device for communication transmission is obtained, and / or a packet loss rate of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device is obtained; when a communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, a first coding and decoding method used for communication transmission is switched to a second coding and decoding method; wherein a minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method; by obtaining the network bandwidth and / or the packet loss rate, when the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method, and / or when the packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold, the coding and decoding can be actively downgraded to reduce network bandwidth occupancy, solve the problem of data loss caused by the bandwidth required for data transmission exceeding its capacity, and thereby reduce the probability of data loss.

[0118] Figure 5 A flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the communication method of this embodiment can be applied to a communication device. In some possible embodiments, the device can be configured in an electronic device or a chip so that the electronic device or the chip can perform a communication function. For example, the electronic device can be Figure 1 In addition, in some possible embodiments, the communication device may also be software in an electronic device, etc. The software may be, for example, communication software, etc. In the following embodiments, the execution subject is a network device as an example for explanation.

[0119] like Figure 5 As shown, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0120] Step 501, communicate and transmit with the terminal device; wherein, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the network device and the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

[0121] In some embodiments, the network device is capable of performing communication transmission with the terminal device, such as performing voice communication transmission with the terminal device.

[0122] In some embodiments, the network device can switch the communication transmission from the first codec mode used to the second codec mode when the communication quality of the communication transmission does not meet the set requirements.

[0123] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving negotiation information sent by a terminal device requesting to switch the codec mode, the negotiation information being used to indicate a candidate codec mode, the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode being less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode; based on the negotiation information, sending negotiation reply information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device switches the first codec mode used for communication transmission to a second codec mode based on the negotiation reply information; wherein the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes.

[0124] In some embodiments, the network device can select a second codec from the candidate codecs based on the negotiation information, and generate negotiation response information based on the selected second codec.

[0125] In some embodiments, the network device may use any codec among the candidate codecs as the second codec.

[0126] In some embodiments, the network device may select a codec with the highest ranking from the candidate codecs as the second codec based on the rankings of the candidate codecs.

[0127] In an embodiment of the present application, communication and transmission are performed with a terminal device; wherein, when the communication quality of the communication and transmission between the network device and the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication and transmission is switched from the first coding and decoding mode adopted to the second coding and decoding mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding mode; by switching the first coding and decoding mode to the second coding and decoding mode, the amount of transmitted data can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupancy can be reduced, and the data loss problem caused by the bandwidth required for transmitting data exceeding its capacity can be solved, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.

[0128] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a communication device.

[0129] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] like Figure 6 As shown, the communication device includes: an acquisition module 610 and a switching module 620. Among them,

[0131] The acquisition module 610 is used to acquire the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device;

[0132] A switching module 620 is used to switch the first coding mode used for communication transmission to the second coding mode when the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements;

[0133] The minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0134] In some embodiments, the switching module 620 is specifically configured to:

[0135] Sending negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, where the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, where the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode;

[0136] Receiving negotiation response information returned by the network device, where the negotiation response information is used to indicate a second codec selected by the network device from the candidate codecs;

[0137] Based on the negotiation reply information, the first coding and decoding mode adopted in the communication transmission is switched to the second coding and decoding mode.

[0138] In some embodiments, the communication parameter is a network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device, and the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, including that the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first encoding and decoding method; the device also includes:

[0139] The screening module is used to screen candidate codecs whose required minimum bandwidth is less than the network bandwidth based on the network bandwidth.

[0140] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 610 is specifically used to:

[0141] Obtain the network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device for communication transmission.

[0142] In some embodiments, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements includes: the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

[0143] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 610 is specifically used to:

[0144] Get the packet loss rate of communication transmission between terminal devices and network devices.

[0145] In some embodiments, the communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements includes: a packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

[0146] In the embodiment of the present application, the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device are obtained; when the communication parameters indicate that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, the first codec mode used for the communication transmission is switched to the second codec mode; wherein the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode. The amount of encoded data corresponding to the second codec mode is lower than that of the first codec mode. By switching the first codec mode to the second codec mode, the amount of transmitted data can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupancy can be reduced, and the data loss problem caused by the bandwidth required for data transmission exceeding its capacity can be solved, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.

[0147] It should be noted that the above explanation of the communication method embodiment is also applicable to the communication device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a communication device.

[0149] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] like Figure 7 As shown, the communication device includes: a communication module 710. Among them,

[0151] A communication module, used for communicating with a terminal device;

[0152] Among them, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

[0153] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0154] A receiving module, used to receive negotiation information sent by a terminal device for requesting to switch a codec mode, where the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode;

[0155] A sending module is used to send negotiation reply information to a terminal device based on the negotiation information, so that the terminal device switches the first codec mode used for communication transmission to a second codec mode based on the negotiation reply information; wherein the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes.

[0156] In an embodiment of the present application, communication and transmission are performed with a terminal device; wherein, when the communication quality of the communication and transmission between the network device and the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication and transmission is switched from the first coding and decoding mode adopted to the second coding and decoding mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding mode; by switching the first coding and decoding mode to the second coding and decoding mode, the amount of transmitted data can be reduced, the network bandwidth occupancy can be reduced, and the data loss problem caused by the bandwidth required for transmitting data exceeding its capacity can be solved, thereby reducing the probability of data loss.

[0157] It should be noted that the above explanation of the communication method embodiment is also applicable to the communication device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0158] In order to implement the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further proposes an electronic device, including a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein when the electronic device is a terminal device, the processor executes the computer program to implement the above Figure 2 The communication method proposed in the embodiment, when the electronic device is a network device, the processor executes the computer program to implement the above Figure 5 The communication method proposed in the embodiment.

[0159] In order to implement the above-mentioned embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, including at least one processor and a communication interface; the above-mentioned communication interface is used to receive a signal input to the above-mentioned chip or a signal output from the above-mentioned chip, and the above-mentioned processor communicates with the above-mentioned communication interface and implements the above-mentioned through a logic circuit or executing a code instruction. Figure 2 or Figure 5 The communication method proposed in the embodiment.

[0160] In order to implement the above embodiment, the present application also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of the electronic device, the electronic device can execute the above Figure 2 or Figure 5 The communication method proposed in the embodiment.

[0161] In order to implement the above embodiment, the present application also proposes a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to implement the above Figure 2 or Figure 5 The communication method proposed in the embodiment.

[0162] Figure 84 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, the electronic device 400 may be a terminal device or a network device, wherein the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a message transceiver device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, etc., and the network device may be a satellite, a ground base station, a wireless access network node, etc.

[0163] Reference Figure 8 , the electronic device 800 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 802 , a memory 804 , a power component 806 , a multimedia component 808 , an audio component 810 , an input / output (I / O) interface 812 , a sensor component 814 , and a communication component 816 .

[0164] The processing component 802 generally controls the overall operation of the electronic device 800, such as operations associated with display, phone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing component 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method. In addition, the processing component 802 may include one or more modules to facilitate the interaction between the processing component 802 and other components. For example, the processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimedia component 808 and the processing component 802.

[0165] The memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support operations on the electronic device 800. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 800, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. The memory 804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0166] The power component 806 provides power to the various components of the electronic device 800. The power component 806 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for the electronic device 800.

[0167] The multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the electronic device 800 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundaries of the touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 808 includes a front camera and / or a rear camera. When the electronic device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and / or the rear camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have a focal length and optical zoom capability.

[0168] The audio component 810 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 810 includes a microphone (MIC), and when the electronic device 800 is in an operating mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode, the microphone is configured to receive an external audio signal. The received audio signal can be further stored in the memory 804 or sent via the communication component 816. In some embodiments, the audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0169] I / O interface 812 provides an interface between processing component 802 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include but are not limited to: home button, volume button, start button, and lock button.

[0170] The sensor assembly 814 includes one or more sensors for providing various aspects of status assessment for the electronic device 800. For example, the sensor assembly 814 can detect the open / closed state of the electronic device 800, the relative positioning of the components, such as the display and keypad of the electronic device 800, and the sensor assembly 814 can also detect the position change of the electronic device 800 or a component of the electronic device 800, the presence or absence of contact between the user and the electronic device 800, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the electronic device 800, and the temperature change of the electronic device 800. The sensor assembly 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of a nearby object without any physical contact. The sensor assembly 814 may also include an optical sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 814 may also include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0171] The communication component 816 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 800 and other devices. The electronic device 800 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 4G or 4G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 816 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 816 also includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology and other technologies.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 800 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal transmitters (DSPs), digital signal transmitter devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components to perform the above methods.

[0173] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 804 including instructions, and the instructions can be executed by a processor 820 of an electronic device 800 to perform the above method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0174] Fig. 9 900 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip system 900 proposed in the embodiment of the present application. For the case where the electronic device 800 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to Fig. 9 The structure of the chip system 900 is shown, but is not limited to this.

[0175] The chip system 900 includes one or more processors 901. The chip system 900 is used to execute any of the above methods.

[0176] In some embodiments, the chip system 900 further includes one or more interface circuits 902. Optionally, the terms such as interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, etc. can be interchangeable. In some embodiments, the chip system 900 further includes one or more memories 903 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memory 903 can be outside the chip system 900. Optionally, the interface circuit 902 is connected to the memory 903, and the interface circuit 902 can be used to receive data from the memory 903 or other devices, and the interface circuit 902 can be used to send data to the memory 903 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 902 can read the data stored in the memory 903 and send the data to the processor 901.

[0177] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 902 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method. The interface circuit 902 performs the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method, for example, means that the interface circuit 902 performs data interaction between the processor 901, the chip system 900, the memory 903 or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 901 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0178] The modules and / or devices described in the embodiments such as virtual devices, physical devices, chips, etc. can be combined or separated as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed by multiple modules and / or devices in collaboration, which is not limited here.

[0179] The present application also proposes a storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed on the electronic device 800, the electronic device 800 executes any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0180] The present application also proposes a program product, and when the program product is executed by the electronic device 800, the electronic device 800 executes any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0181] The present application also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the above methods.

[0182] Those skilled in the art may also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. Whether such functions are implemented by hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design requirements of the entire system. Those skilled in the art may use various methods to implement the functions described for each specific application, but such implementation should not be understood as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0183] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0184] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0185] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0186] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0187] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0188] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0189] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0190] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0191] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0192] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining communication parameters for communication transmission between terminal devices and network devices; When the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirement, switching the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission to the second coding and decoding mode; The minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of switching the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission to the second coding and decoding mode includes: Sending negotiation information requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode; receiving negotiation response information returned by the network device, where the negotiation response information is used to indicate the second codec selected by the network device from the candidate codecs; Based on the negotiation reply information, the first coding and decoding mode adopted by the communication transmission is switched to the second coding and decoding mode.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The communication parameter is a network bandwidth allocated by the network device to the terminal device, and the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements, including that the network bandwidth is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method; Before sending the negotiation information for requesting to switch the codec mode to the network device, the method further includes: Based on the network bandwidth, candidate codecs whose required minimum bandwidth is smaller than the network bandwidth are screened.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device includes: Obtain the network bandwidth for communication transmission allocated by the network device to the terminal device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements includes: The network bandwidth is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first encoding and decoding mode.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the communication parameters of the communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device includes: Obtain a packet loss rate of communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The communication parameter indicating that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements includes: The packet loss rate is greater than a set threshold.

8. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Communicate and transmit with terminal equipment; Among them, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receiving negotiation information for requesting to switch a codec sent by the terminal device, the negotiation information is used to indicate a candidate codec, and a minimum bandwidth required by the candidate codec is less than a minimum bandwidth required by the first codec; Based on the negotiation information, negotiation reply information is sent to the terminal device so that the terminal device switches the first codec mode used for the communication transmission to the second codec mode based on the negotiation reply information; wherein the negotiation reply information is used to indicate the second codec mode selected by the network device from the candidate codec modes.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module, used to acquire communication parameters for communication transmission between the terminal device and the network device; A switching module, configured to switch the first coding mode used in the communication transmission to a second coding mode when the communication parameter indicates that the communication quality does not meet the set requirements; The minimum bandwidth required by the second coding and decoding method is smaller than the minimum bandwidth required by the first coding and decoding method.

11. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A communication module, used for communicating with a terminal device; Among them, when the communication quality of the communication transmission between the terminal device does not meet the set requirements, the communication transmission is switched from the first codec mode to the second codec mode, and the minimum bandwidth required by the second codec mode is less than the minimum bandwidth required by the first codec mode.

12. An electronic device comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored in the storage medium and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 or 8 to 9 is implemented.

13. A chip, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to receive a signal input to the chip or a signal output from the chip, and the processor communicates with the communication interface and implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 8 to 9 through a logic circuit or executing code instructions.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 or 8 to 9.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 8 to 9.

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