Method for machining high-precision hole in ultra-large product

Abstract

A method for machining a high-precision hole in an ultra-large product comprises the steps that firstly, a mark is made at the position, where a hole needs to be formed, of the product, then a tool plate provided with an installation hole is moved to the position where the hole is formed in the product, and the installation hole of the tool plate is aligned with the hole marked in the product; after the position of the tool plate is fixed, the guiding and positioning device is installed on the tool plate, then the cutter is arranged in the guiding and positioning device, and therefore hole machining is accurately conducted on the product. The cutter and the bearing are arranged in the positioning hole of the guiding and positioning device together, so that the position of the machined hole can be accurately positioned, and high-precision hole machining can be carried out under the guidance of the guiding and positioning device. The reference sleeve is installed in the tool plate, the guide positioning sleeve is installed in the guide positioning device, abrasion of the tool plate and the guide positioning device can be avoided, and the reference sleeve and the guide positioning sleeve are convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-precision hole machining method, in particular to a method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products. Background Art

[0002] The installation surface of the central transmission device of the shield machine has a large diameter, and many locations need to be drilled to install parts. Some locations require high precision. When drilling holes on the installation surface of the central transmission device, the installation surface is usually placed horizontally. If the traditional method of benchwork marking and radial drill drilling along the line is used, it is difficult to meet the design and technical requirements in terms of machining accuracy. If a large CNC machine tool is used for hole machining, the universal milling head cannot reach the location of the machining hole because the distance between the machining hole and the end face is too large, and machining is impossible. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to process high-precision holes on the mounting surface of a central transmission device of an oversized shield machine.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a method for processing high-precision holes in super-large products, first marking the position where the hole needs to be opened on the product, then moving the tooling plate with the mounting hole to the position of the product to open the hole, and aligning the mounting hole of the tooling plate with the hole marked on the product; after fixing the position of the tooling plate, installing a guide positioning device on the tooling plate, and then setting a tool in the guide positioning device, so as to accurately process the hole of the product.

[0005] Preferably, a guide cylinder and a positioning seat are provided in the guide positioning device, the positioning seat is integrally formed at the bottom of the guide cylinder, and a through positioning hole is opened on the guide cylinder and the positioning seat; the positioning seat is installed on the tooling plate so that the positioning hole of the guide positioning device is connected and aligned with the mounting hole of the tooling plate.

[0006] Preferably, the tool is installed in a positioning hole of the guide positioning device, the feed position of the tool is accurately positioned, and the feed direction of the tool is guided.

[0007] Preferably, a chip removal hole is also provided in the guide positioning device. The chip removal hole is arranged at the lower end of the guide cylinder. The chip removal hole penetrates the guide cylinder in the radial direction so that the chips generated when the tool performs hole processing on the product can be discharged in time.

[0008] Preferably, a reference sleeve is installed in the mounting hole of the tooling plate, the reference sleeve is installed on the upper end of the tooling plate, and the reference sleeve is connected to the tooling plate by interference fit.

[0009] Preferably, a guide locating sleeve is installed in the guide cylinder of the positioning device, the guide locating sleeve is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the guide cylinder, and the guide locating sleeve is connected to the guide cylinder by interference fit.

[0010] Preferably, a guide locating sleeve is installed in the guide cylinder of the positioning device, the guide locating sleeve is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the guide cylinder, and the guide locating sleeve is connected to the guide cylinder by interference fit.

[0011] Preferably, the tool is installed in a guide positioning sleeve, and the guide positioning sleeve is used to accurately position the feed position of the tool and guide the feed direction of the tool.

[0012] Preferably, a tool rod and a tool head are provided on the tool, the tool head is connected to the lower end of the tool rod, and a bearing is sleeved on the tool rod, and the tool and the bearing are placed together in a positioning sleeve, so that the tool can be accurately positioned while ensuring that the tool can rotate flexibly in the positioning sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a limit plate is also installed on the tool rod through a thread, and a limit plate is arranged above and below the bearing. The limit plate on the tool rod is tightened so that the limit plate and the bearing are pressed against each other, thereby limiting the bearing.

[0014] The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is: the position of the processing hole on the installation surface is accurately positioned by the tooling plate, and then a guide positioning device is set on the tooling plate, and a tool is set in the guide positioning device to perform high-precision hole processing on the installation surface of the transmission device. It can not only accurately locate the position of the processing hole, but also perform high-precision hole processing under the guidance of the guide positioning device. The reference sleeve is installed in the tooling plate, and the guide positioning sleeve is installed in the guide positioning device, which can avoid wear of the tooling plate and the guide positioning device, and the replacement of the reference sleeve and the guide positioning sleeve is also convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the tool is not installed in the first embodiment; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool in the first embodiment; In the figure: mounting panel 11, reference hole 12, tooling plate 2, reference sleeve 3, guide positioning sleeve 4, guide cylinder 51, chip removal hole 52, positioning seat 53, tool rod 61, limit plate 62, guide cone 621, bearing 63, fastening bolt 64, tool head 65. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings: Embodiment 1

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the high-precision hole processing device includes a tooling plate 2, a guide positioning device, a reference sleeve 3, a guide positioning sleeve 4, a tool and a bearing 63. The mounting panel 11 of the central transmission device of the shield machine is to be processed. The tooling plate 2 has a through mounting hole. First, the position and size of the hole are marked at the position where the product needs to be opened, and then the tooling plate 2 is moved to the position where the product needs to be opened, and the mounting hole of the tooling plate 2 is aligned with the hole marked on the product. After fixing the position of the tooling plate 2, the guide positioning device is installed on the tooling plate 2, and then the tool is set in the guide positioning device, so as to accurately process the hole of the product.

[0018] The guide positioning device includes a guide cylinder 51, a chip removal hole 52 and a positioning seat 53. In order to prevent the positioning seat 53 from being worn and thus affecting the positioning accuracy due to multiple assembly with the tooling plate 2, a reference sleeve 3 is installed between the positioning seat 53 and the tooling plate 2. The surface roughness of the reference sleeve 3 is higher than that of the positioning seat 53 and the tooling plate 2. The reference sleeve 3 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting hole of the tooling plate 2. The reference sleeve 3 is installed in the mounting hole of the tooling plate 2 in an interference fit manner, which can well prevent the reference sleeve 3 from loosening.

[0019] The lower end of the guide cylinder 51 is provided with a radially penetrating chip removal hole 52, and the positioning seat 53 is integrally formed at the bottom of the guide cylinder 51. The positioning seat 53 and the reference sleeve 3 are both rotating bodies, and the guide cylinder 51 and the positioning seat 53 are provided with a penetrating circular positioning hole in the center, and the mounting hole of the tooling plate 2 is connected with the positioning hole of the guide positioning device. The chip removal hole 52 is provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder 51 so that when the tool drills the mounting panel 11, the metal debris generated is discharged outward through the mounting hole of the tooling plate 2, the positioning hole of the guide positioning device and the chip removal hole 52 in sequence, so as to prevent the metal debris from accumulating and clogging the mounting hole and the positioning hole. The cross-section on the right side of the positioning seat 53 is an L-shape rotated 90 degrees clockwise. The positioning seat 53 is fixed to the tooling plate 2 by bolts (the vertical mounting holes on the positioning seat 53 and the tooling plate 2 are not drawn in the figure). The lower end of the positioning seat 53 is sleeved on the upper end of the reference sleeve 3, and the lower end of the positioning seat 53 presses the reference sleeve 3 onto the tooling plate 2.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the tool includes a shank 61, a bearing 63 and a cutter head 65. The shank 61 is a rotating body, the bearing 63 is sleeved on the shank 61, and the lower end of the shank 61 is connected to the cutter head 65. In order to prevent the bearing 63 from moving on the shank 61, a stopper 62 is installed above and below the bearing 63 to press against the bearing 63. The shank 61 is provided with an external thread, and the stopper 62 is provided with an internal threaded hole. The stopper 62 is connected to the shank 61 by threading. The stopper 62 is tightened so that the two stopper 62 press against the bearing 63 to limit the bearing 63.

[0021] A guide and positioning sleeve 4 is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the guide cylinder 51, and the guide and positioning sleeve 4 is connected to the guide cylinder 51 by interference fit. After the tool and the bearing 63 are assembled into the guide and positioning sleeve 4 together, the guide and positioning sleeve 4 guides and positions the tool through the bearing 63, thereby guiding and positioning the tool to ensure the accuracy of hole processing. In order to facilitate the assembly of the tool and the bearing 63 into the guide and positioning sleeve 4 together, a guide cone 621 is provided on the outer side of the limiting piece 62. Among them, the guide cone 621 of the limiting piece 62 below the bearing 63 is a cone with a small outer diameter at the lower end and a large outer diameter at the upper end, and the guide cone 621 of the limiting piece 62 above the bearing 63 is a cone with a small outer diameter at the lower end and a small outer diameter at the upper end. The function of the guide and positioning sleeve 4 is consistent with that of the reference sleeve 3, which is to avoid the tool and the bearing 63 being assembled into the guide cylinder 51 for many times, causing wear and affecting the accuracy of hole processing.

[0022] When the cutter head 65 performs hole processing on the mounting panel 11 of the transmission device, it is inevitable that the cutter head 65 will be worn. In order to facilitate the replacement of the cutter head 65, in this embodiment, radial mounting holes are opened at the lower end of the cutter bar 61 and the upper end of the cutter head 65, and the cutter head 65 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cutter bar 61 by passing through the mounting holes with a fastening bolt 64. After removing the fastening bolt 64, the old cutter head 65 can be removed and replaced with a new cutter head 65, so that the hole processing can be performed better and more efficiently.

[0023] Obviously, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements or modifications made should be considered as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products, characterized in that: First, mark the position where the product needs to have a hole, then move the tooling plate with the mounting hole to the position where the product needs to have a hole, and align the mounting hole of the tooling plate with the hole marked on the product; after fixing the position of the tooling plate, install the guide positioning device on the tooling plate, and then set the tool in the guide positioning device to accurately process the hole of the product.

2. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide cylinder and a positioning seat are arranged in the guide positioning device, the positioning seat is integrally formed at the bottom of the guide cylinder, and a through positioning hole is opened on the guide cylinder and the positioning seat; the positioning seat is installed on the tooling plate so that the positioning hole of the guide positioning device is connected and aligned with the mounting hole of the tooling plate.

3. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool is installed in the positioning hole of the guide positioning device, the feed position of the tool is accurately positioned, and the feed direction of the tool is guided.

4. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 3, characterized in that: A chip removal hole is also provided in the guide positioning device. The chip removal hole is provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder. The chip removal hole penetrates the guide cylinder in the radial direction so that the chips generated when the tool performs hole processing on the product can be discharged in time.

5. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reference sleeve is installed in the installation hole of the tooling plate, and the reference sleeve is installed on the upper end of the tooling plate, and the reference sleeve is connected with the tooling plate by interference fit.

6. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide positioning sleeve is installed in the guide cylinder of the positioning device, and the guide positioning sleeve is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the guide cylinder, and the guide positioning sleeve is connected with the guide cylinder by interference fit.

7. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide positioning sleeve is installed in the guide cylinder of the positioning device, and the guide positioning sleeve is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the guide cylinder, and the guide positioning sleeve is connected with the guide cylinder by interference fit.

8. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 7, characterized in that: Install the tool in the guide positioning sleeve, use the guide positioning sleeve to accurately position the tool's feed position and guide the tool's feed direction.

9. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 8, characterized in that: A tool rod and a tool head are provided on the tool. The tool head is connected to the lower end of the tool rod and a bearing is sleeved on the tool rod. The tool and the bearing are placed together in a positioning sleeve. The tool is accurately positioned while ensuring that the tool can rotate flexibly in the positioning sleeve.

10. The method for machining high-precision holes in super-large products according to claim 9, characterized in that: A limit plate is also installed on the tool rod through a thread, and a limit plate is arranged above and below the bearing. The limit plate on the tool rod is tightened so that the limit plate and the bearing are pressed against each other, thereby limiting the bearing.

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