Suitable for multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism and printing device with different thicknesses

Abstract

This invention discloses a coplanar adjustment mechanism and printing device for multiple materials of different thicknesses. The coplanar adjustment mechanism includes a reference plate, a driving mechanism, a pressure plate, a driver, and a height-adjustable suction cup. The reference plate has a reference surface. The driving mechanism is connected to the pressure plate and is used to drive the pressure plate to abut against or move away from the reference plate. The reference surface has a downward through-hole in the middle. The driver is connected to the height-adjustable suction cup and is used to drive the height-adjustable suction cup to move up and down at the through-hole. The height-adjustable suction cup includes a base and multiple elastic pins. Each elastic pin has an upward tendency relative to the base. The top surface of each elastic pin has an adsorption hole. The height-adjustable suction cup also includes a limiting structure connected to the base for locking or unlocking the positions of all elastic pins. This application mainly solves the problem of how to adjust the top surfaces of multiple materials to be coplanar so that multiple materials of different thicknesses can be reliably printed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of automated multi-material operations, and in particular to a multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism and printing device suitable for materials of different thicknesses. Background Technology

[0002] To improve material production efficiency, current automated devices need to process multiple materials simultaneously. Taking printing devices in the printing industry as an example, current printing devices can only print multiple materials of the same thickness. When the thickness tolerance of multiple materials is large or the thickness difference is large, the top surfaces of multiple materials will inevitably be uneven, that is, the top surfaces of multiple materials are not coplanar, which makes it impossible for the printing execution mechanism to complete the printing operation of multiple materials with high quality requirements.

[0003] Therefore, improvements to existing technologies are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a multi-material coplanar adjustment mechanism and printing device suitable for different thicknesses, mainly solving the technical problem of how to adjust the top surfaces of multiple materials to be coplanar so that multiple materials of different thicknesses can be reliably printed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-material coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses includes a reference plate, a drive mechanism, a pressure plate, a driver, and a height-adjustable suction cup;

[0007] The top surface of the reference plate is the reference surface. The driving mechanism is connected to the pressure plate and is used to drive the bottom surface of the pressure plate to abut against or move away from the reference plate. A downward through hole is provided in the middle of the reference surface. The driver is connected to the height-adjustable suction cup and is used to drive the height-adjustable suction cup to move up and down at the opening.

[0008] The height-adjustable suction cup includes a base and a plurality of elastic pins connected to the base. Each elastic pin protrudes upward relative to the base and has an upward springing tendency. The top surface of each elastic pin is provided with an adsorption hole for adsorbing a corresponding material. The height-adjustable suction cup also includes a limiting structure connected to the base for locking or unlocking the position of all the elastic pins relative to the base.

[0009] In one of the technical solutions, the limiting structure includes multiple limiting components, each of which elastically abuts against the base and is connected to each of the elastic pins in a corresponding manner. Each limiting component is used to lock or unlock the position of a corresponding elastic pin.

[0010] In one technical solution, the limiting component includes a first elastic element and a locking pin. The base is provided with a plurality of laterally extending sliding holes. Each locking pin is accommodated in a corresponding sliding hole and can slide along the sliding hole. Each locking pin is provided with a through hole extending vertically. Each elastic pin passes through the through hole corresponding to one of the locking pins. The base is provided with a positive pressure air passage connecting all the sliding holes. The positive pressure air passage is used to allow gas to enter and push all the locking pins to laterally lock a corresponding elastic pin. The first elastic element is disposed at the end of the locking pin away from the positive pressure air passage and is used to apply an elastic force to the locking pin to unlock the elastic pin.

[0011] In one of the technical solutions, the height-adjustable suction cup includes two rows of elastic pins and two rows of limiting components. The positive pressure air passage is disposed between the two rows of limiting components. When all the locking pins unlock the elastic pins under the elastic force of the first elastic member, the ends of the two rows of locking pins facing away from the first elastic member abut against each other. Moreover, the ends of all the locking pins facing away from the first elastic member are provided with a notch structure, which is part of the positive pressure air passage.

[0012] In one technical solution, the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the bottom end of each elastic pin is received in a corresponding mounting hole. A second elastic element is provided in the mounting hole, and the elastic pin has an upward tendency to bounce relative to the base due to the second elastic element. The adsorption hole penetrates the elastic pin downward so that the adsorption hole communicates with the mounting hole. A negative pressure air passage is also provided below the mounting hole in the base, and the negative pressure air passage communicates with the plurality of mounting holes.

[0013] In one of the technical solutions, the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses uses the following adjustment method:

[0014] First, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to press against the reference surface of the reference plate. Then, the carrier carrying multiple materials moves to the bottom of the reference plate and above the height-adjustable suction cup. Next, the driver drives the height-adjustable suction cup to rise. Multiple elastic pins on the height-adjustable suction cup lift and adsorb the corresponding materials until all materials are in contact with the bottom surface of the pressure plate. Then, the limiting structure locks the position of all the elastic pins. Finally, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to detach from the reference plate.

[0015] In one of the technical solutions, the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses uses the following adjustment method:

[0016] First, the carrier carrying multiple materials is moved to the lower part of the reference plate and above the height-adjustable suction cup. Then, the driver drives the height-adjustable suction cup to rise. Multiple elastic pins on the height-adjustable suction cup lift and adsorb the corresponding materials until all materials are lifted by the elastic pins to be higher than the reference surface. Then, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to gradually move downwards towards the reference surface. The pressure plate presses down on all the materials until the bottom surface of the pressure plate abuts against the reference surface. Then, the limiting structure locks the position of all the elastic pins. Finally, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to detach from the reference plate.

[0017] This application also provides a printing apparatus, including a printing execution mechanism and the above-described multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses. The printing execution mechanism is located above the reference plate and is used to perform printing operations on multiple substrates located on a carrier. Furthermore, when the pressure plate is retracted from the reference surface under the drive of the driving mechanism, the pressure plate is not located above the reference plate.

[0018] In one of the technical solutions, the printing apparatus further includes a lifting mechanism, which is connected to the printing execution mechanism and is used to drive the printing execution mechanism to move in the vertical direction;

[0019] Alternatively, the lifting mechanism connects the driver and the reference plate and is used to simultaneously drive the driver, the height-adjustable suction cup, and the reference plate to move together in the vertical direction.

[0020] In one of the technical solutions, the driving mechanism includes a cylinder, a connecting rod assembly, and a tension spring. The connecting rod assembly is connected to the pressure plate. Both the cylinder and the tension spring are connected to the connecting rod assembly. The cylinder drives the pressure plate to abut against the reference surface and applies a downward pressure to the reference surface through the connecting rod assembly. The tension spring drives the pressure plate to retract from the reference plate through the connecting rod assembly.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism for different thicknesses provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This solution uses the top surface of the reference plate as the reference surface. During operation, the pressure plate can be pre-pressed onto the reference surface, and then the driver drives the height-adjustable suction cup to rise. The multiple elastic pins of the height-adjustable suction cup will pick up multiple materials one by one and press them against the bottom surface of the pressure plate. When the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to remove from the reference plate, even if the thickness errors of multiple materials are large or the thicknesses differ greatly, the top surfaces of multiple materials will eventually be coplanar with the reference surface of the reference plate. Subsequently, even if the thicknesses of multiple materials are different, their top surfaces can still be reliably printed by the printing execution mechanism above. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism with different thicknesses, provided in this application embodiment, when the pressure plate is in the initial position;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the structure shown;

[0026] Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-material coplanar adjustment mechanism with different thicknesses, when the pressure plate is pressed against the top surface of the reference plate and multiple materials are abutting against the bottom surface of the pressure plate.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure after the pressure plate is removed.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the height-adjustable suction cup provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 A top view of the height-adjustable suction cup provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view at point AA;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1. Reference plate; 11. Reference surface; 12. Opening;

[0035] 2. Drive mechanism; 21. Cylinder; 22. Connecting rod assembly; 23. Tension spring;

[0036] 3. Pressure plate; 4. Driver;

[0037] 5. Height-adjustable suction cup; 51. Base; 511. Sliding hole; 512. Positive pressure airway; 513. Mounting hole; 514. Negative pressure airway; 52. Elastic ejector pin; 521. Suction hole; 53. Limiting structure; 531. Limiting component; 5311. First elastic element; 5312. Locking pin; 53121. Through hole; 53122. Notch structure; 54. Second elastic element;

[0038] 8. Conveying mechanism; 9. Materials. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5This invention provides a multi-material coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses, mainly including a reference plate 1, a driving mechanism 2, a pressure plate 3, a driver 4, and a height-adjustable suction cup 5. The top surface of the reference plate 1 is a reference surface 11. The driving mechanism 2 is connected to the pressure plate 3 and is used to drive the pressure plate 3 to abut against the reference surface 11 or to remove it from the reference plate 1. A downward-through opening 12 is provided in the center of the reference surface 11. The height-adjustable suction cup 5 is initially positioned below the reference plate 1 and directly opposite the opening 12. The driver 4 is connected to the height-adjustable suction cup 5 and is used to drive the height-adjustable suction cup 5 to move up and down at the position directly opposite the opening 12. The height-adjustable suction cup 5 specifically includes a base 51 and multiple elastic pins 52. The multiple elastic pins 52 are elastically connected to the base 51 and protrude upwards, and each of the multiple elastic pins 52 has an upward springing tendency relative to the base 51. The base 51 is connected to the aforementioned driver 4. When the driver 4 drives the base 51 to move vertically, the multiple elastic pins 52 move vertically along with the base 51. Each elastic pin 52 has an adsorption hole 521 on its top surface, and each elastic pin 52 adsorbs a corresponding material 9 through the adsorption hole 521. In addition, the height-adjustable suction cup 5 also includes a limiting structure 53 connected to the base 51. The limiting structure 53 is used to lock or unlock the position of all elastic pins 52 relative to the base 51. When all elastic pins 52 are locked in position by the limiting structure 53, all elastic pins 52 cannot move up or down relative to the base 51. When all elastic pins 52 are not locked in position by the limiting structure 53, all elastic pins 52 can move up and down relative to the base 51.

[0045] The following section provides the first adjustment method for the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism with different thicknesses, as described in this solution:

[0046] First, the driving mechanism 2 drives the pressure plate 3 to press onto the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1. Then, the carrier carrying multiple materials 9 is moved to the bottom of the reference plate 1 and above the height-adjustable suction cup 5. Next, the driver 4 drives the height-adjustable suction cup 5 to rise. During the rise of the height-adjustable suction cup 5, multiple elastic pins 52 lift and adsorb the corresponding materials 9 until all materials 9 are in contact with the bottom surface of the pressure plate 3. Then, the position of all elastic pins 52 is locked by the limiting structure 53. Finally, the driving mechanism 2 drives the pressure plate 3 to withdraw from the reference plate 1. At this time, the top surfaces of multiple materials 9 will all be coplanar with the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1.

[0047] The following section provides a second adjustment method for the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses:

[0048] First, the carrier carrying multiple materials 9 is moved to the bottom of the reference plate 1 and above the height-adjustable suction cup 5. Then, the driver 4 drives the height-adjustable suction cup 5 to rise. During the rise of the height-adjustable suction cup 5, multiple elastic pins 52 lift and adsorb the corresponding materials 9 until all materials 9 are lifted by the elastic pins 52 to be higher than the reference surface 11. Then, the driving mechanism 2 drives the pressure plate 3 to gradually approach the reference surface 11. The pressure plate 3 presses down on all materials 9 until the bottom surface of the pressure plate 3 abuts against the reference surface 11. Then, the position of all elastic pins 52 is locked by the limiting structure 53. Finally, the driving mechanism 2 drives the pressure plate 3 to withdraw from the reference plate 1. At this time, the top surfaces of multiple materials 9 will all be coplanar with the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1.

[0049] It should be further explained here that when the pressure plate 3 presses on the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1, the force applied to the reference surface 11 is vertically downward, and either of the above two adjustment methods can be applied. When the pressure plate 3 presses on the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1, the force applied to the reference surface 11 is inclined downward, then the first adjustment method is preferred over the second adjustment method. This is because when the pressure plate 3 applies pressure to the material 9 in an inclined downward posture and before it comes into contact with the reference surface 11, multiple materials 9 may be deformed by the pressure plate 3 or even detached from the corresponding elastic pin 52. Therefore, when the pressure plate 3 presses on the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1, the force applied to the reference surface 11 is inclined downward, so that the pressure plate 3 presses on the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1, and then multiple materials 9 come into contact with the bottom surface of the pressure plate 3. In this way, the materials 9 will not be deformed by the pressure plate 3, and the phenomenon of materials 9 falling off the elastic pin 52 will not occur.

[0050] Specifically, since this embodiment is preferably applied in the printing field, a printing execution mechanism (not shown in the figure) will be located above the reference plate 1. The printing execution mechanism needs to move downward to perform printing operations on multiple materials 9, or the multiple materials 9 and the reference plate 1 need to move upward together so that the printing execution mechanism can perform printing operations on multiple materials 9. To ensure that the drive mechanism 2 and the pressure plate 3 do not interfere with the printing execution mechanism, and to save costs, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 9The drive mechanism 2 used in this solution specifically includes a cylinder 21, a connecting rod assembly 22, and a tension spring 23. The connecting rod assembly 22 is connected to the pressure plate 3, and both the cylinder 21 and the tension spring 23 are connected to the connecting rod assembly 22. The cylinder 21 pushes the pressure plate 3 against the reference surface 11 of the reference plate 1 through the connecting rod assembly 22 and applies a downward pressure to the reference surface 11. When the cylinder 21 releases pressure, the tension spring 23 pulls the pressure plate 3 outward from the reference plate 1 through the connecting rod assembly 22. With this drive mechanism 2, the function of the pressure plate 3 not interfering with the printing operation of the printing execution mechanism after it is removed from the reference plate 1 is achieved. The execution power is only used by one cylinder 21, so it has the advantage of low cost. However, the pressure plate 3 acts on the reference surface 11 in an inclined downward manner. Therefore, when using this drive mechanism 2, it is preferable to only apply the first adjustment method mentioned above.

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 8 The aforementioned limiting structure 53 specifically includes multiple limiting components 531. Each limiting component 531 elastically abuts against the base 51 and is connected to each elastic pin 52 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each limiting component 531 is used to lock or unlock the position of a corresponding elastic pin 52. By designing the limiting structure 53 to have multiple limiting components 531, the same number as the elastic pins 52, it is easier to reliably achieve the purpose of locking all elastic pins 52. Specifically, each limiting component 531 includes a first elastic element 5311 and a locking pin 5312. The base 51 has multiple laterally extending sliding holes 511. Each locking pin 5312 is accommodated within a corresponding sliding hole 511 and can slide along the sliding hole 511. Each locking pin 5312 has a through hole 53121 extending vertically. Each elastic pin 52 passes through the through hole 53121 of a corresponding locking pin 5312. The base 51 has a positive pressure air passage 512 connecting all the sliding holes 511. When air is introduced into the positive pressure air passage 512... After gas is introduced, the gas in the positive pressure passage 512 will push all the locking pins 5312 to move laterally and lock a corresponding elastic pin 52, so as to realize the function of locking all the elastic pins 52. The first elastic element 5311 is located at the end of the locking pin 5312 away from the positive pressure passage 512. The first elastic element 5311 is preferably a spring. When the gas in the positive pressure passage 512 is depressurized, the first elastic element 5311 pushes the locking pin 5312 to move, so that the locking pin 5312 unlocks the elastic pin 52. After unlocking, the elastic pin 52 can move in the up and down direction.

[0052] Please refer to them again. Figures 5 to 8The base 51 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 513. The bottom end of each elastic pin 52 is received in a corresponding mounting hole 513. A second elastic element 54 is provided in the mounting hole 513. The second elastic element 54 is preferably a spring. The second elastic element 54 abuts against the base 51 and the elastic pin 52 respectively. The elastic pin 52 is subjected to the elastic force of the second elastic element 54 and has an upward tendency to bounce relative to the base 51. Furthermore, the adsorption hole 521 extends downward through the elastic pin 52, so that the adsorption hole 521 can be connected with the mounting hole 513. A negative pressure air channel 514 is also provided below the mounting hole 513 in the base 51. This negative pressure air channel 514 connects to multiple mounting holes 513 at the same time. That is, the adsorption holes 521 of multiple elastic pins 52 are connected downward to the negative pressure air channel 514. When air is drawn into the negative pressure air channel 514, a negative pressure is formed in the adsorption holes 521 of multiple elastic pins 52, so that multiple elastic pins 52 can adsorb a corresponding material 9.

[0053] Please refer to them again. Figures 5 to 8 The height-adjustable suction cup 5 preferably includes two rows of elastic pins 52, correspondingly including two rows of limiting components 531, and preferably provides two negative pressure air channels 514. One negative pressure air channel 514 enables one row of elastic pins 52 to adsorb material 9, and the other negative pressure air channel 514 enables the other row of elastic pins 52 to adsorb material 9. The positive pressure air channel 512 is located between the two rows of limiting components 531. When all locking pins 5312 unlock the elastic pins 52 under the elastic force of the first elastic element 5311, the two rows of locking pins... The ends of the locking pins 5312 facing away from the first elastic member 5311 are preferably designed to abut against each other to limit the initial position of the locking pins 5312. All locking pins 5312 are provided with a notch structure 53122 at the ends facing away from the first elastic member 5311. All notch structures 53122 are part of the positive pressure air passage 512, so that the positive pressure air passage 512 can connect to all the sliding holes 511. That is, when gas is introduced into the positive pressure air passage 512, all locking pins 5312 can laterally lock the position of all elastic pins 52.

[0054] This embodiment also provides a printing apparatus, which includes a printing execution mechanism (not shown in the figure) and the aforementioned multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism suitable for different thicknesses. The printing execution mechanism is located above the reference plate 1 and is used to perform printing operations on multiple materials 9 (in this case, the materials 9 are actually substrates) located on a carrier. In addition, the printing apparatus also includes a lifting mechanism (not shown in the figure). When the lifting mechanism is connected to the printing execution mechanism, the lifting mechanism is used to drive the printing execution mechanism to move downward and approach the multiple materials 9, so that the printing execution mechanism can perform printing operations on the multiple materials 9. When the lifting mechanism is simultaneously connected to the driver 4 and the reference plate 1, the lifting mechanism is used to drive the multiple materials 9 and the reference plate 1 to move upward together and approach the printing execution mechanism, so that the printing execution mechanism can perform printing operations on the multiple materials 9. To ensure that the drive mechanism 2 and the pressure plate 3 do not interfere with the printing execution mechanism, after the pressure plate 3 is removed from the reference plate 1 under the drive of the drive mechanism 2, the pressure plate 3 will not be located above the reference plate 1, so that multiple materials 9 can move upward or the printing execution mechanism can move downward without interfering with the pressure plate 3, thereby enabling the printing execution mechanism to perform printing operations on multiple materials 9.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 The printing apparatus of this embodiment also includes a conveying mechanism 8, which is used to convey a carrier loaded with multiple materials 9 to automatically drive the carrier with multiple materials 9 to the bottom of the reference plate 1. After the multiple materials 9 are printed and placed back on the carrier, the conveying mechanism 8 is also used to continue to convey the carrier to unload the printed multiple materials 9 to the designated position.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and only specifically describe the technical principles of the present invention. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on this explanation, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, as well as other specific embodiments of the present invention that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without creative effort, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanism for adjusting the coplanar top surface of multiple materials with different thicknesses, characterized in that, Includes a reference plate, drive mechanism, pressure plate, driver, and height-adjustable suction cup; The top surface of the reference plate is the reference surface. The driving mechanism is connected to the pressure plate and is used to drive the pressure plate to abut against or move away from the reference plate. A downward through hole is provided in the middle of the reference surface. The driver is connected to the height-adjustable suction cup and is used to drive the height-adjustable suction cup to move up and down at the opening. The height-adjustable suction cup includes a base and a plurality of elastic pins connected to the base. The base is connected to the driver. Each elastic pin protrudes upward relative to the base and has an upward springing tendency. The top surface of each elastic pin is provided with an adsorption hole for adsorbing a corresponding material. The height-adjustable suction cup also includes a limiting structure connected to the base for locking or unlocking the position of all the elastic pins relative to the base.

2. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes multiple limiting components, each of which elastically abuts against the base and is connected to each of the elastic pins in a corresponding manner. Each limiting component is used to lock or unlock the position of a corresponding elastic pin.

3. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a first elastic element and a locking pin. The base is provided with a plurality of laterally extending sliding holes. Each locking pin is accommodated in a corresponding sliding hole and can slide along the sliding hole. The locking pin is provided with a through hole extending vertically. Each elastic pin passes through the through hole of a corresponding locking pin. The base is provided with a positive pressure air passage connecting all the sliding holes. The positive pressure air passage is used to allow gas to enter and push all the locking pins to laterally lock a corresponding elastic pin. The first elastic element is disposed at the end of the locking pin away from the positive pressure air passage and is used to apply a spring force to the locking pin to unlock the elastic pin.

4. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The height-adjustable suction cup includes two rows of elastic pins and two rows of limiting components. The positive pressure air passage is disposed between the two rows of limiting components. When all the locking pins unlock the elastic pins under the elastic force of the first elastic member, the ends of the two rows of locking pins facing away from the first elastic member abut against each other. Moreover, the ends of all the locking pins facing away from the first elastic member are provided with a notch structure, which is part of the positive pressure air passage.

5. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base has multiple mounting holes, and the bottom end of each elastic pin is received in a corresponding mounting hole. A second elastic element is provided in the mounting hole. The elastic pin has an upward tendency to move relative to the base due to the elastic force of the second elastic element. The adsorption hole penetrates the elastic pin downward so that the adsorption hole communicates with the mounting hole. The base also has a negative pressure air passage that communicates with the multiple mounting holes.

6. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism for multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment applicable to different thicknesses uses the following adjustment method: First, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to press against the reference surface of the reference plate. Then, the carrier carrying multiple materials moves to the bottom of the reference plate and above the height-adjustable suction cup. Next, the driver drives the height-adjustable suction cup to rise. Multiple elastic pins on the height-adjustable suction cup lift and adsorb the corresponding materials until all materials are in contact with the bottom surface of the pressure plate. Then, the limiting structure locks the position of all the elastic pins. Finally, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to detach from the reference plate.

7. The multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism applicable to different thicknesses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism for multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment applicable to different thicknesses uses the following adjustment method: First, the carrier carrying multiple materials is moved to the lower part of the reference plate and above the height-adjustable suction cup. Then, the driver drives the height-adjustable suction cup to rise. Multiple elastic pins on the height-adjustable suction cup lift and adsorb the corresponding materials until all materials are lifted by the elastic pins to be higher than the reference surface. Then, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to gradually move downwards towards the reference surface. The pressure plate presses down on all the materials until the bottom surface of the pressure plate abuts against the reference surface. Then, the limiting structure locks the position of all the elastic pins. Finally, the driving mechanism drives the pressure plate to detach from the reference plate.

8. A printing apparatus, characterized in that, The invention includes a printing actuator and a multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the printing actuator is located above the reference plate and is used to perform printing operations on multiple materials located on a carrier, and the pressure plate is not located above the reference plate after the pressure plate is removed from the reference surface under the drive of the driving mechanism.

9. The printing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The printing apparatus further includes a lifting mechanism, which is connected to the printing actuator and is used to drive the printing actuator to move in the vertical direction; Alternatively, the lifting mechanism connects the driver and the reference plate and is used to simultaneously drive the driver, the height-adjustable suction cup, and the reference plate to move together in the vertical direction.

10. The printing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The printing apparatus employs the multi-material top surface coplanar adjustment mechanism for different thicknesses as described in claim 6. The driving mechanism includes a cylinder, a connecting rod assembly, and a tension spring. The connecting rod assembly is connected to the pressure plate. Both the cylinder and the tension spring are connected to the connecting rod assembly. The cylinder drives the pressure plate to abut against the reference surface and applies a downward pressure to the reference surface through the connecting rod assembly. The tension spring drives the pressure plate to retract from the reference plate through the connecting rod assembly.

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