Preparation method and application of polyion liquid catalyst containing hydrogen bond donor
By preparing polyion liquid catalysts containing hydrogen bond donors, the existing catalysts have high activation energy, difficulty in recycling and environmental pollution in the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide, and achieve efficient, recyclable and environmentally friendly catalytic effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411739955.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
In the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide, existing catalysts have problems such as high activation energy, difficulty in recycling, environmental pollution and low catalytic activity.
A polyionic liquid catalyst containing hydrogen bond donor is prepared by reacting bromine-containing compounds with pyridines or imidazoles organics under specific conditions to form a solid catalyst with multiple active sites. The catalyst reacts with carbon dioxide and epoxide in an autoclave, displaces air with CO2, and adjusts the reaction conditions to achieve efficient catalysis.
It has achieved efficient catalyzing of the cycloaddition reaction between carbon dioxide and epoxide under mild conditions, with high catalytic activity and selectivity, and the catalyst can be recycled and reused, meeting the requirements of green chemistry.
Smart Images
Figure CN119505054A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of polyionic liquid and its resource utilization of carbon dioxide, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a polyionic liquid catalyst containing a hydrogen bond donor and its application in the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide. Background Art
[0002] Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas, and its large-scale emission has had a huge impact on the environment. The capture and utilization of CO2 has become the focus of international attention. Among various solutions, catalytic conversion of CO2 and epoxides into cyclic carbonates with high added value is considered to be one of the most promising solutions. However, due to the chemical inertness of CO2, a high energy barrier needs to be overcome when reacting with epoxides, and it is still a considerable challenge to use this solution for large-scale industrial production. For this reason, efficient catalysts are needed to be applied to the reaction to reduce the activation energy of the reaction.
[0003] Ionic liquids have low volatility and high solubility, and have been continuously used in the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 in recent years. So far, a variety of ionic liquid catalysts have appeared, including alkylammonium ions, alkylimidazole ions, alkylpyridinium ions, etc. Such catalysts, as homogeneous catalysts, show high activity in the cycloaddition reaction with CO2. However, the disadvantage of these catalysts being difficult to recover after the reaction limits their large-scale use in industry, and the high viscosity of such catalysts also makes it difficult to achieve simple operation. In order to solve this problem, previous studies have prepared supported ionic liquid catalysts and used them in the cycloaddition reaction of CO2. Although this method successfully solves the problem of the difficulty of recovering ionic liquid catalysts after the reaction, the loading is completed through covalent bonds, and this method will also lead to the loss of active ionic liquid catalyst components, greatly reducing the catalytic effect of the catalyst.
[0004] Polyionic liquids are polymer materials formed by the polymerization of ionic liquid monomers, and polyionic liquid catalysts are catalysts obtained by introducing catalytically active functional groups into the structure of polyionic liquids. It not only retains the characteristics of ionic liquids, such as good solubility, thermal stability and designability, but also has the advantages of polymer materials, such as high mechanical strength and stability. This type of catalyst will not be viscous or gel-like, which is convenient for collection after the subsequent CO2 cycloaddition reaction. After proper treatment, it can be reused, reducing the cost of the catalyst and meeting the requirements of green chemistry. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the problems that the current cycloaddition reaction conditions of carbon dioxide and epoxides are harsh, traditional catalysts cause environmental pollution, are difficult to recover after the reaction, and have low catalytic activity, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogen bond donor-containing polyionic liquid catalyst.
[0006] The preparation method of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps: mixing a bromine-containing compound and a pyridine organic matter, reacting the mixture in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and in an N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, separating the solid from the liquid, and washing and drying the solid; mixing the dried mixture with an initiator, reacting the mixture in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and in an N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, separating the solid from the liquid, and washing and drying the solid to obtain the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid; wherein the bromine-containing compound is selected from 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol, 2,3-dibromo-1,4-butanediol, 3-bromopropionic acid, 2,3-dibromopropionic acid, and 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid.
[0007] The pyridine organic compound is 4-vinyl pyridine or 5-methyl-2-vinyl pyridine.
[0008] The preparation method of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst of the present invention can also be as follows: a bromine-containing compound and an imidazole organic matter are mixed, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and in an N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, solid-liquid separation, and solid washing and drying; the dried product is mixed with an initiator, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and in an N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, solid-liquid separation, and solid washing and drying to obtain a hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid; wherein the bromine-containing compound is selected from 3-bromopropionic acid, 2,3-dibromopropionic acid, and 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid.
[0009] The imidazole organic compound is 1-vinyl imidazole or 1-allylimidazole.
[0010] In the above method, the solvent is selected from acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate.
[0011] The molar ratio of the bromine-containing compound to the pyridine organic compound or the imidazole organic compound is calculated according to the stoichiometric ratio.
[0012] The initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0013] Another object of the present invention is to use the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst prepared by the above method for preparing the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst in catalyzing the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide.
[0014] Specifically, a hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst and an epoxide are added to a high-pressure reactor respectively (the molar ratio of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid to the epoxide is 1:100-1000), the high-pressure reactor is replaced with carbon dioxide gas to remove the air and impurities inside the reactor, and then carbon dioxide with a volume concentration of 99.99% is introduced, the CO2 pressure is adjusted to 0.25-2Mpa, the reaction temperature is set to 80-90°C, the reaction time is 4-10h, and after the reaction is completed, the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the residual carbon dioxide is discharged, and the liquid product and the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid solid catalyst are filtered and separated and collected separately.
[0015] The epoxide is selected from epichlorohydrin, propylene oxide, methyl propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, epoxy bromide, and cyclohexene oxide.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The hydrogen bond donor-containing polyionic liquid catalyst prepared by the present invention not only has a nucleophilic anion Br - , and also has HBD active sites such as hydroxyl and carboxyl. The synergistic effect of multiple sites can better promote the ring opening of epoxides and accelerate the entire cycloaddition reaction. In addition, the prepared hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst is a solid catalyst and does not appear viscous or gel-like, which is convenient for collection after the subsequent carbon dioxide cycloaddition catalytic reaction. 2. Under the conditions of no solvent, no catalyst and no metal, the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst of the present invention exhibits high catalytic activity and selectivity in the carbon dioxide cycloaddition reaction, and has good recyclability and repeatability; 3. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, has mild reaction conditions, good low-temperature catalytic activity, good economy, and complies with the current policy orientation of green chemical industry; and the present invention shows unique advantages in carbon dioxide conversion and can be applied to green industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is the Fourier infrared spectra of the polyionic liquid catalysts prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2; Figure 2 is the full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-COOH prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 This is the full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-H prepared in Comparative Example 1; Figure 4 The cyclic carbonate prepared in Comparative Example 1 1 H NMR spectra; Figure 5This is the full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-OH prepared in Comparative Example 2; Figure 6 is the Fourier infrared spectra of the polyionic liquid catalysts prepared in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 3; Figure 7 is the full XPS spectrum of PPYBr-OH prepared in Example 3; Figure 8 is the full XPS spectrum of PPYBr-COOH prepared in Example 4; Fig. 9 This is the full XPS spectrum of PPYBr-H prepared in Comparative Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the contents described should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. In the present embodiments, the methods are operated according to conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents used are conventional reagents or reagents prepared according to conventional methods unless otherwise specified; Example 1
[0019] 1. Add 0.55 g of 1-vinylimidazole, 0.73 g of 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 80°C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter it, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry it at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-COOH); 2. The imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-COOH) prepared in step 1 and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were sequentially added into a 120 mL Shrek tube filled with 30 mL of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, and the internal air was replaced with nitrogen. The reaction was carried out at 80° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was cooled to room temperature and filtered. The solid was washed with acetonitrile for 5 times and then dried at 60° C. overnight to obtain a white solid hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst (PIMBr-COOH); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PIMBr-COOH is shown in Figure 1 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1553cm -1 The characteristic peaks of imidazole ring are shown at 3084cm-1 and 1168cm-1, which are attributed to the stretching vibration of C=C and CN bonds, respectively. This result shows that the imidazolium unit is successfully introduced into the prepared polymer. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2-linker is shown at 1720 cm -1The characteristic peak of C=O bond stretching vibration is shown at , which verifies the existence of -COOH group. The full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-COOH is shown in Figure 2 ,It can be seen from the figure that C, N, O, and Br elements are all present, indicating the successful synthesis of the material; 3. Add 0.05 g of PIMBr-COOH and 2 mL of epichlorohydrin into a 50 mL high-pressure reactor. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the reactor and replace the gas in the reactor with CO2 three times at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1 MPa, the reaction temperature to 90 ° C, the reactor speed to 280 r / min, and the reaction time to 4 h. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the reactor to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the liquid product from the solid catalyst. The liquid product is 3-chloropropylene carbonate, and the product yield is 95% and the selectivity is 99%.
[0020] Comparative Example 1 1. Add 0.55 g of 1-vinylimidazole, 0.58 g of 1,3-dibromopropane and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 80°C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry the product at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-H); 2. Add imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-H) and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile into a 120 mL Shrek tube filled with 30 mL of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, replace the internal air with nitrogen, and react at 80 ° C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, cool the product to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile for 5 times, and then dry it at 60 ° C overnight to obtain a white solid (PIMBr-H); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PIMBr-H is shown in Figure 1 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1553cm -1 and 1168cm -1 The characteristic peaks of the imidazole ring are shown at 3084 cm-1, which are attributed to the stretching vibrations of the C=C and CN bonds, respectively. This result shows that the imidazolium unit is successfully introduced into the prepared polymer. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2- linker is shown at , which indicates that the polymerization process is successful. The full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-H is shown in Figure 3 , it can be seen from the figure that C, N, and Br elements are all present, and the oxygen element can be attributed to the water absorbed by the polymer, which is a common phenomenon in polyionic liquids. XPS shows that the material is successfully synthesized; 3. Add 0.05g of PIMBr-H and 2mL of epichlorohydrin to a 50mL autoclave. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the autoclave and replace the gas in the autoclave with CO2 three times at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1Mpa, the reaction temperature to 90°C, the reaction time to 4h, and the speed of the autoclave to 280r / min. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the autoclave to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the product from the catalyst to obtain the final desired product, 3-chloropropylene carbonate. 1 H NMR spectrum (see Figure 3 ), the chemical shift of 3-chloropropylene carbonate is d=5.06-3.72ppm, and the calculated product yield is 45% with a selectivity of 99%.
[0021] Comparative Example 2 1. Add 0.55 g of 1-vinylimidazole, 0.63 g of 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture at 80°C for 24 h under nitrogen protection. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry the product at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-OH); 2. The imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-OH) prepared in step 1 and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were sequentially added into a 120 ml Shrek tube filled with 30 ml of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, and the internal air was replaced with nitrogen. The reaction was carried out at 80 ° C for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid was washed with acetonitrile for 5 times, and then dried at 60 ° C overnight to obtain a white solid (PIMBr-OH); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PIMBr-OH is shown in Figure 1 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1553cm -1 and 1168cm -1 The characteristic peaks of the imidazole ring are shown at 3084 cm-1, which are attributed to the stretching vibrations of the C=C and CN bonds, respectively. This result shows that the imidazolium unit is successfully introduced into the prepared polymer. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2- linker is shown at , which indicates that the polymerization process is successful. The full XPS spectrum of PIMBr-OH is shown in Figure 5 ,It can be seen from the figure that C, N, O, and Br elements are all present, indicating the successful synthesis of the material.
[0022] 3. Add 0.05 g of PIMBr-OH and 2 mL of epichlorohydrin to a 50 mL high-pressure reactor. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the reactor and replace the gas in the reactor with CO2 three times at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1 MPa, the reaction temperature to 90 ° C, the reaction time to 4 h, and set the reactor speed to 280 r / min. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the reactor to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the product from the catalyst to obtain the final desired product, 3-chloropropylene carbonate, with a product yield of 52% and a selectivity of 99%. Example 2
[0023] The preparation and application of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the catalytic reaction is carried out at 80° C. and a CO2 pressure of 1 MPa for 4 h. As a result, the yield of 3-chloropropylene carbonate product is 93% and the selectivity is 99%. Example 3
[0024] 1. Add 0.61 g of 4-vinylpyridine, 0.63 g of 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 80°C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry the product at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-OH); 2. The pyridinium ionic liquid monomer (ILPY-OH) prepared in step 1 and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were sequentially added into a 120 mL Shrek tube filled with 30 mL of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, the internal air was replaced with nitrogen, and the reaction was carried out at 80° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid was washed with acetonitrile for 5 times, and then dried at 60° C. overnight to obtain a white solid catalyst (PPYBr-OH); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PPYBr-OH is shown in Figure 6 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1384cm -1 The characteristic peak of the pyridine ring is shown at 2935 cm-1, which is attributed to the stretching vibration of the CN bond, indicating the successful introduction of pyridine. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2- linker is shown at Figure 7 ,It can be seen from the figure that C, N, O, and Br elements are all present, indicating the successful synthesis of the material.
[0025] 3. Add 0.05 g of PPYBr-OH and 2 mL of epichlorohydrin into a 50 mL high-pressure reactor. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the reactor and replace the gas in the reactor with CO2 three times at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1 MPa, the reaction temperature to 90 ° C, the reaction time to 4 h, and set the reactor speed to 280 r / min. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the reactor to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the liquid product from the solid catalyst. The liquid product is 3-chloropropylene carbonate, the product yield is 85%, and the selectivity is 99%. Example 4
[0026] 1. Add 0.61 g of 4-vinylpyridine, 0.73 g of 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 80°C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry the product at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILIM-COOH); 2. The pyridinium ionic liquid monomer (ILPY-COOH) prepared in step 1 and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were sequentially added into a 120 ml Shrek tube containing 30 ml of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, and the internal air was replaced with nitrogen. The mixture was reacted at 80° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid was washed with acetonitrile for 5 times, and then dried at 60° C. overnight to obtain a white solid catalyst (PPYBr-COOH); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PPYBr-COOH is shown in Figure 6 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1384cm -1 The characteristic peak of the pyridine ring is shown at 2935 cm-1, which is attributed to the stretching vibration of the CN bond, indicating the successful introduction of pyridine. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2- linker is shown at 1706 cm -1 The characteristic peak of C=O bond stretching vibration was shown at , which then verified the existence of -COOH group. The full XPS spectrum of PPYBr-COOH is shown in Figure 8 ,It can be seen from the figure that C, N, O, and Br elements are all present, indicating the successful synthesis of the material.
[0027] 3. Add 0.05 g of PPYBr-COOH and 2 mL of epichlorohydrin into a 50 mL high-pressure reactor. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the reactor and replace the gas in the reactor with CO2 three times at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1 MPa, the reaction temperature to 90 ° C, the reaction time to 4 h, and set the reactor speed to 280 r / min. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the reactor to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the liquid product from the solid catalyst. The liquid product is 3-chloropropylene carbonate, the product yield is 95%, and the selectivity is 99%. Example 5
[0028] The preparation and application of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst in this example are the same as those in Example 4, except that the catalytic reaction is carried out at 80° C. and a CO2 pressure of 1 MPa for 4 h. As a result, the yield of 3-chloropropylene carbonate product is 85% and the selectivity is 99%.
[0029] Comparative Example 3 1. Add 0.61 g of 4-vinylpyridine, 0.58 g of 1,3-dibromopropane and 30 mL of acetonitrile into a three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a condenser, and then reflux the mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 80°C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, filter, wash the solid with acetonitrile several times, and vacuum dry the product at 60°C to obtain a white solid of imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILPY-H); 2. The pyridinium ionic liquid monomer (ILPY-H) prepared in step 1 and 0.1 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were sequentially added into a 120 mL Shrek tube containing 30 mL of acetonitrile and equipped with a magnetic stirrer, and the internal air was replaced with nitrogen. The reaction was carried out at 80° C. for 24 h. After the reaction was completed, the product was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid was washed with acetonitrile for 5 times, and then dried at 60° C. overnight to obtain a white solid catalyst (PPYBr-H); The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared PPYBr-H is shown in Figure 6 , it can be seen from the figure that at 1384cm -1 The characteristic peak of the pyridine ring is shown at 2935 cm-1, which is attributed to the stretching vibration of the CN bond, indicating the successful introduction of pyridine. -1 The stretching vibration of the CH bond belonging to the polymer-CH2- linker is shown at , which indicates that the polymerization process is successful. The full XPS spectrum of PPYBr-H is shown in Fig. 9 , it can be seen from the figure that C, N, and Br elements are all present, among which the oxygen element can be attributed to the water absorbed by the polymer, which is a common phenomenon in polyionic liquids. XPS shows the successful synthesis of the material.
[0030] 3. Add 0.05g of PPYBr-H and 2mL of epichlorohydrin to a 50ml autoclave. Before the cycloaddition reaction begins, seal the autoclave and replace the gas in the autoclave with CO2 at room temperature. Then adjust the CO2 pressure to 1Mpa, the reaction temperature to 90°C, the reaction time to 4h, and the speed of the autoclave to 280r / min. After the cycloaddition reaction is completed, cool the autoclave to room temperature, slowly release the residual gas, and finally separate the product from the catalyst to obtain the final desired product, 3-chloropropylene carbonate. The product yield is 66% and the selectivity is 99%.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst, characterized in that: The bromine-containing compound and the pyridine organic matter are mixed, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, separated from the solid and liquid, and washed and dried; the dried product is mixed with an initiator, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, separated from the solid and liquid, and washed and dried to obtain a hydrogen bond donor-containing polyionic liquid; The bromine-containing compound is selected from 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol, 2,3-dibromo-1,4-butanediol, 3-bromopropionic acid, 2,3-dibromopropionic acid, and 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid.
2. The method for preparing the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyridine organic compound is 4-vinylpyridine or 5-methyl-2-vinylpyridine.
3. A method for preparing a hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst, characterized in that: The bromine-containing compound and the imidazole organic matter are mixed, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, separated from the solid and liquid, and the solid is washed and dried; the dried product is mixed with an initiator, reacted in the presence of a solvent at 70-90° C. and N2 atmosphere for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, separated from the solid and liquid, and the solid is washed and dried to obtain a hydrogen bond donor-containing polyionic liquid; The bromine-containing compound is selected from 3-bromopropionic acid, 2,3-dibromopropionic acid, and 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid.
4. The method for preparing the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst according to claim 3, characterized in that: The imidazole organic compound is 1-vinylimidazole or 1-allylimidazole.
5. The method for preparing the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The solvent is selected from acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate.
6. Use of the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid catalyst prepared by the method for preparing the hydrogen bond donor polyionic liquid according to claim 1 or 3 in catalyzing the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide.
7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The epoxide is selected from epichlorohydrin, propylene oxide, methylpropylene oxide, ethylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, epibromohexene oxide, and cyclohexene oxide.