Railway shoulder widening device and railway structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and discloses a railway shoulder widening device which comprises a widening mechanism and a reinforcing and supporting mechanism, the widening mechanism comprises a widening plate, a ballast baffle and an anchoring structure, the widening plate is partially laid above a railway shoulder, and the widening plate partially extends to the outer side of the railway shoulder; the ballast blocking plate is arranged above the end, away from the railway ballast bed, of the widened plate, and the anchoring structure is arranged below the widened plate and located in the railway embankment. The reinforcing and supporting mechanism comprises a supporting plate and a reinforcing structure, the supporting plate is arranged below the end, away from the railway ballast bed, of the widened plate, one end of the reinforcing structure is connected with the supporting plate, and the other end of the reinforcing structure extends into the railway embankment. The device can solve the problems that the width of a road shoulder is insufficient and railway ballasts roll into a drainage ditch, ensures normal operation of overhaul and inspection personnel or machinery along a railway, and is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and easy to construct. In addition, the invention also relates to a railway structure comprising the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and in particular to a railway shoulder widening device. In addition, the present invention also relates to a railway structure comprising the railway shoulder widening device. Background Art

[0002] After long-term use, railway embankments will deform and cause problems such as line sinking. After the embankment settles, in order to ensure the track elevation and ensure the driving safety of trains, the track is often raised by filling ballast, that is, ballast filling, to adjust the line smoothness in real time. This also causes the thickness of the railway track bed to continue to increase, and then the ballast on both sides of the track bed will encroach on the shoulders of the existing embankment, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, making it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally. In addition, the shoulders and the roadbed are subjected to different forces, that is, the widening of the shoulders is different from the widening of the roadbed, because the roadbed mainly bears the weight of the vehicle and the traffic load, while the shoulders are mainly used for boundaries and support, and the forces they bear are relatively light.

[0003] In addition, sometimes the ballast on both sides of the roadbed will encroach on the drainage ditch, causing the ballast to cover the drainage ditch cover, which will hinder the subsequent cleaning or maintenance of the drainage ditch. Even the rolling ballast will damage the drainage ditch cover, and the ballast will flow into the drainage ditch, thereby blocking the drainage channel inside the drainage ditch. When encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the capacity of the embankment drainage ditch may not be able to meet the drainage requirements. At this time, rainwater will overflow the cover surface and flow into the embankment, causing flooding of the roadbed, destroying the stability of the roadbed and roadbed, and seriously affecting the safe operation of the railway.

[0004] In the existing technology, the widening of the shoulder and the encroachment of the shoulder by the ballast after the road is lifted are mainly solved by laying pile foundation crown beams on both sides of the roadbed or drilling holes and installing anchor rods on the wall and bottom of the drainage ditch. However, this method is expensive and requires a large amount of work. In the construction process, there are many points, deep holes, a wide excavation range, and a large amount of concrete, which has a great impact on the roadbed. In the rainy season, digging holes will cause rainwater to penetrate into the bottom of the roadbed, which will further aggravate the impact on the stability of the roadbed. Since anchor rods are set on the walls and bottom of the drainage ditch, when ballast or external debris falls into the drainage ditch equipped with anchor rods during construction and operation, it will hinder the subsequent cleaning or maintenance of the inside of the drainage ditch. At the same time, if there is continuous rainfall or heavy rainfall in a short period of time in the future; since the drainage channel is not smooth, the embankment drainage ditch may not meet the drainage requirements, causing flooding of the roadbed, destroying the stability of the roadbed and the roadbed, and affecting the safe operation of the railway; since anchor rods are set on the walls and bottom of the drainage ditch, the anchor rods may be eroded by water when the drainage ditch is frequently flooded, resulting in reduced anchor rod strength, and thus unable to provide effective support for the raised and widened railway shoulders.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of railway shoulder widening device. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a railway shoulder widening device, which can solve the problem that the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed occupies the railway shoulder after the ballast is added and raised on the railway roadbed to ensure the track elevation, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, which makes it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally, and the filled ballast rolls down and damages the embankment drainage ditch cover or rolls down into the drainage ditch, thereby blocking the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch. The device has a simple structure, low cost and is easy to construct.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a railway shoulder widening device, including a widening mechanism and a reinforcement support mechanism, the widening mechanism includes a widening plate, a ballast plate and an anchoring structure, the widening plate is partially laid above the railway shoulder and partially extends to the outside of the railway shoulder, the ballast plate is arranged above the end of the widening plate away from the railway roadbed, the anchoring structure is arranged below the widening plate and is located inside the railway embankment; the reinforcement support mechanism includes a support plate and a reinforcement structure, the support plate is arranged below the end of the widening plate away from the railway roadbed, one end of the reinforcement structure is connected to the support plate, and the other end of the reinforcement structure extends to the inside of the railway embankment.

[0008] Furthermore, a receiving cavity capable of receiving the anchoring structure is formed in the railway embankment, and the receiving cavity is filled with liquid fly ash.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surface of the widening plate is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate extending to the outside of the railway shoulder gradually decreases from the direction away from the railway roadbed to the direction close to the ballast plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the axis of the ballast retaining plate is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widened plate, and a drainage hole is formed on the ballast retaining plate. The drainage hole is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate, and the axis of the drainage hole is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the anchoring structure includes a first anchor rod, a reinforcement rod and an anchor plate, the first anchor rod is vertically arranged below the widened plate, the anchor plate is arranged at an end of the first anchor rod away from the widened plate, and a plurality of reinforcement rods are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first anchor rod, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcement rod and the axis of the first anchor rod, and the angle opens toward the anchor plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcement structure includes a second anchor rod, a sleeve and a reinforcement nut, one end of the second anchor rod is connected to the support plate, the other end of the second anchor rod extends to the inside of the railway embankment, the sleeve is sleeved on the second anchor rod and is located inside the railway embankment, and the reinforcement nut is threadedly sleeved on one end of the second anchor rod away from the reinforcement nut and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment.

[0013] Furthermore, a receiving hole capable of receiving the sleeve is formed on the railway embankment, and the receiving hole is filled with liquid fly ash.

[0014] Furthermore, an anti-corrosion layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod located outside the railway embankment.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a railway structure, including a railway embankment, a railway roadbed arranged on the railway embankment, a railway embankment, and embankment drainage ditches located on both sides of the railway embankment. The railway shoulder widening device described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the upper surface of the railway embankment that is not in contact with the railway roadbed is formed with a railway shoulder, and the railway shoulder widening device is arranged on the railway shoulder.

[0016] Furthermore, a hard isolation is vertically arranged below the slope foot of the railway track bed, the hard isolation is located inside the railway embankment, and the height of the hard isolation is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The present invention provides a railway shoulder widening device, comprising a widening mechanism and a reinforcing support mechanism, wherein the widening mechanism can widen the railway shoulder and ensure the track elevation, and the ballast retaining plate it has can prevent the filled ballast from rolling down and damaging the cover plate of the existing embankment drainage ditch or rolling into the drainage ditch to block the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch; and the reinforcing support mechanism can improve the structural stability of the entire device itself and the connection strength with the railway embankment, and can also reinforce the railway embankment and the embankment slope.

[0019] The railway shoulder widening device provided by the present invention has a simple structure, small engineering workload and low cost.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation method of the railway shoulder widening device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the anchoring structure in the railway shoulder widening device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the railway structure covered with geogrids in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a process diagram of adjusting the tension force of the covering geogrid by the distance adjustment component in the railway structure of the present invention.

[0026] Description of Reference Numerals

[0027] 1 Railway Embankment

[0028] 21 Widening plate 22 Ballast plate

[0029] 23 Anchor structure 24 First anchor

[0030] 25 reinforcement rod 26 anchor plate

[0031] 27 Accommodation cavity 28 Drain hole

[0032] 3 Railway shoulder 4 Railway track bed

[0033] 5 Hard Isolation

[0034] 61 Support plate 62 Second anchor rod

[0035] 63 sleeve 64 reinforcement nut

[0036] 65 Receiving hole

[0037] 7 Embankment Drainage Ditch

[0038] 81 connecting plate 82 first side plate

[0039] 83 Second side panel

[0040] 91 Rotating bar 92 First auxiliary rod

[0041] 93 Second auxiliary rod 94 Main rod

[0042] 95 first positioning member 96 second positioning member

[0043] 97 Positioning ring 98 Grain stone net

[0044] 171 Support 172 First layer grid

[0045] 173 Second level grid DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "provided with", "installed", "connected", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "inside" and "outside", are defined based on the inside and outside of the railway embankment 1. In addition, "facing" and "backward" are defined based on the direction in which the railway track bed 4 is arranged. Specifically, in the drawings provided by the present invention, the directions or positional relationships used are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. The directions or positional relationships used are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The directional terms of the present invention should be understood in conjunction with the actual installation status.

[0050] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A first aspect of the present invention provides a railway shoulder widening device, including a widening mechanism and a reinforcement support mechanism, the widening mechanism includes a widening plate 21, a ballast plate 22 and an anchoring structure 23, the widening plate 21 is partially laid above the railway shoulder 3 and partially extends to the outside of the railway shoulder 3, the ballast plate 22 is arranged above the end of the widening plate 21 away from the railway roadbed 4, the anchoring structure 23 is arranged below the widening plate 21 and is located inside the railway embankment 1; the reinforcement support mechanism includes a support plate 61 and a reinforcement structure, the support plate 61 is arranged below the end of the widening plate 21 away from the railway roadbed 4, one end of the reinforcement structure is connected to the support plate 61, and the other end of the reinforcement structure extends to the inside of the railway embankment 1.

[0051] Among them, the widening mechanism is used to widen the railway shoulder 3 to ensure the support force of the railway embankment 1. Specifically, the widening plate 21 widens the railway shoulder 3, and the ballast plate 22 can prevent the ballast used for filling from rolling down and damaging the cover plate of the existing embankment drainage ditch 7 or rolling into the embankment drainage ditch 7 to block the drainage channel of the drainage ditch; the anchor structure 23 can further firmly install the widening plate 21 on the railway shoulder 3 to ensure the installation strength of the widening plate 21. The reinforcement support mechanism can strengthen the structural strength of the entire railway shoulder widening device. Specifically, the support plate 61 can provide support for the part of the widening plate 21 suspended outside the railway shoulder 3 to prevent the widening plate 21 from being easily broken after being stressed; the reinforcement structure can provide vertical support for the widening mechanism of the railway shoulder 3 on the one hand to avoid bending and deformation, and on the other hand, it can also reinforce the existing railway embankment 1 and the embankment slope.

[0052] It should be noted that the railway shoulder widening device provided by the present invention can be arranged in sequence in a number along the length direction of the track, the working surfaces between two adjacent widening plates 21 are in contact with each other, and the ballast plates 22 arranged on the widening plates 21 and the anchoring structures 23 or the reinforcement support mechanisms arranged under the widening plates 21 can be evenly spaced and arranged in a number along the length direction of the track. It should also be noted that the widening plates 21, the ballast plates 22, etc. can all use concrete slabs, which have high strength, strong compressive strength, can withstand heavy pressure, and have excellent seismic resistance, can adapt to long-term operation of trains, and are easy to construct, can be cut and processed arbitrarily as needed, and have low cost.

[0053] The railway shoulder widening device provided in the first aspect of the present invention has a simple structure and can solve the problem that after the railway embankment 1 has been used for a long time and has settled, the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed 4 is used to raise the track to ensure the track elevation, resulting in the ballast occupying the shoulders and making the shoulder width insufficient, so as to ensure the normal operation of the maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway. Furthermore, it can solve the problem that after filling, the ballast rolls down and damages the cover plate of the existing embankment drainage ditch 7 or rolls down into the embankment drainage ditch 7, causing the drainage channel of the drainage ditch to be blocked. In addition, the device can also reduce construction costs and construction workload.

[0054] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, a receiving cavity 27 capable of accommodating an anchoring structure 23 is formed inside the railway embankment 1, and the receiving cavity 27 is filled with liquid fly ash. It can be understood that when constructing the railway embankment 1, in order to ensure the structural strength and stability of the railway embankment 1, corresponding geogrids will be laid inside the railway embankment 1 to form several layers of geocell reinforced coal gangue layers. The particles of the liquid fly ash are very fine and can fill the gaps in each layer of geocell reinforced coal gangue layers. In addition, it can also cooperate with the anchoring structure 23 to stably install the widening plate 21 on the railway shoulder 3 to achieve widening of the railway shoulder 3.

[0055] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the widening plate 21 is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment 1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate 21 extending to the outside of the railway shoulder 3 gradually decreases from the direction away from the railway roadbed 4 to the direction close to the ballast plate 22. The structure of the widening plate 21 is designed in this way. On the one hand, it can ensure the widening effect of the railway shoulder 3, and on the other hand, it can also save the dead weight of the widening plate 21 itself and improve the safety of the installation of the widening plate 21. In addition, the upper surface of the widening plate 21 is designed to be flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment 1 to ensure the widening effect of the railway shoulder 3.

[0056] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the axis of the ballast retaining plate 22 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widening plate 21, and a drainage hole 28 is formed on the ballast retaining plate 22. The drainage hole 28 is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate 22, and the axis of the drainage hole 28 is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate 22. The ballast retaining plate 22 can prevent the ballast from rolling down and damaging the existing embankment drainage ditch 7 cover or rolling down into the embankment drainage ditch 7 to block the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and the drainage hole 28 can ensure that the water on the shoulder flows into the embankment drainage ditch 7 in time.

[0057] Further, as a specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The anchoring structure 23 includes a first anchor rod 24, a reinforcing rod 25 and an anchor plate 26. The first anchor rod 24 is vertically arranged below the widened plate 21, and the anchor plate 26 is arranged at one end of the first anchor rod 24 away from the widened plate 21. A plurality of reinforcing rods 25 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the first anchor rod 24, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcing rod 25 and the axis of the first anchor rod 24, and the angle opens toward the anchor plate 26. The stability of the widened plate 21 can be improved by setting the first anchor rod 24. In addition, the anchor plate 26 is set at the bottom of the first anchor rod 24, and the asymmetrically distributed oblique reinforcing rods 25 are set on both sides of the first anchor rod 24, so as to further improve the bending resistance, overturning resistance and pull-out resistance of the reinforcing plate.

[0058] Secondly, in the railway shoulder widening device provided by the present invention, the reinforcement structure includes a second anchor rod 62, a sleeve 63 and a reinforcement nut 64, one end of the second anchor rod 62 is connected to the support plate 61, the other end of the second anchor rod 62 extends to the inside of the railway embankment 1, the sleeve 63 is sleeved on the second anchor rod 62 and is located inside the railway embankment 1, and the reinforcement nut 64 is threadedly sleeved on the end of the second anchor rod 62 away from the reinforcement nut 64, and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment 1. Among them, the second anchor rod 62 can provide vertical support for the railway shoulder 3 widening mechanism through the support plate 61 on the one hand to avoid bending deformation, and on the other hand, it can reinforce the railway embankment 1 and the embankment slope; and the reinforcement nut 64 can reinforce the second anchor rod 62.

[0059] Specifically, a receiving hole 65 capable of receiving the sleeve 63 is formed on the railway embankment 1, and the receiving hole 65 is filled with liquid fly ash. The receiving hole 65 can better install the sleeve 63, and the liquid fly ash can better fix the second anchor rod 62 and the sleeve 63.

[0060] The second anchor rod 62 is provided with an anti-corrosion layer on its outer peripheral surface outside the railway embankment 1. Preferably, the thickness of the anti-corrosion layer should be not less than 0.15 mm. The anti-corrosion layer is applied on the outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod 62 to improve the anti-corrosion performance of the second anchor rod 62 and further improve the safety of the structure.

[0061] The second aspect of the present invention provides a railway structure, comprising a railway embankment 1, a railway track bed 4 arranged on the railway embankment 1, the railway embankment 1, embankment drainage ditches 7 located on both sides of the railway embankment 1, and the railway shoulder widening device provided in the first aspect above, wherein the upper surface of the railway embankment 1 not in contact with the railway track bed 4 is formed with a railway shoulder 3, and the railway shoulder widening device is arranged on the railway shoulder 3. The railway shoulder widening device can widen the original railway shoulder 3, and can also prevent the ballast from rolling into the embankment drainage ditch 7 when the railway track bed 4 is filled with ballast, thereby damaging the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 7 or blocking the embankment drainage ditch 7, and can also strengthen the structural strength of the railway embankment 1, with small construction volume and low construction cost.

[0062] Furthermore, a hard isolation 5 is vertically arranged below the slope foot of the railway track bed 4, the hard isolation 5 is located inside the railway embankment 1, and the height of the hard isolation 5 is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment 1. The hard isolation 5 can provide lateral restraint to the railway embankment 1, ensure the structural stability of the railway embankment 1, and reduce the impact of the construction on railway traffic when installing the railway shoulder widening device.

[0063] Secondly, as for the structure of the embankment drainage ditch 7, as a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned embankment drainage ditch 7 includes a drainage ditch body, a plurality of covering geogrids covering the drainage ditch body, and a gravel net 98 laid on the covering geogrid. One side of the covering geogrid is detachably connected to one side of the drainage ditch body, and the other side of the covering geogrid is detachably connected to the other side of the drainage channel. Similarly, a plurality of covering geogrids are sequentially laid above the embankment drainage ditch 7 along the length direction of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and two adjacent covering geogrids are detachably connected.

[0064] In some specific embodiments, the stone mesh 98 includes multiple layers of galvanized anti-rust mesh and multiple layers of stone layers alternately stacked, and the ratio of the particle size of the stone to the aperture of the galvanized anti-rust mesh is greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the covering geogrid of this embodiment includes a first layer of grids 172 and a second layer of grids 173 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The tensile strength of the second layer of grids 173 is greater than the tensile strength of the first layer of grids 172. By arranging the covering geogrid as a double-layer structure, the covering geogrid will not become loose after long-term use, so that the covering geogrid maintains sufficient tension, thereby ensuring that the covering geogrid can still effectively support and cushion the fallen ballast after long-term service.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the covering geogrid of this embodiment also includes a plurality of support members 171, and the two ends of the plurality of support members 171 respectively abut against the center position of the first layer grid 172 and the center position of the second layer grid 173. Through the arrangement of the support members 171, a chord-like structure can be formed to lift up the first layer grid 172 to form an inverted arch structure, thereby reserving a certain margin for the relaxation of the covering geogrid. In addition, the inverted arch structure can also reduce the accumulation of ballast.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the detachable connection of the covering geogrid is adopted in the following manner: a distance adjusting component can also be provided on the above-mentioned railway embankment 1, and two adjacent covering geogrids are detachably connected through the distance adjusting component, one end of the distance adjusting component is arranged on one side of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and the other end of the distance adjusting component is arranged on the other side of the embankment drainage ditch 7. When the embankment drainage ditch 7 is blocked somewhere, the distance adjusting component and the covering geogrid located at the blocked position can be separated, and the embankment drainage ditch 7 can be cleaned by removing the covering geogrid at the corresponding position without removing all the covering geogrids, which makes the cleaning work easier, and the removal of only one covering geogrid will not affect the tension of other covering geogrids, thereby greatly improving the service life of the embankment drainage ditch 7.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, considering that the covering geogrid may deform and produce depressions during long-term service, the ballast will accumulate in the depressed position, causing ballast accumulation. In order to be able to adjust the tensioning force of the covering geogrid without removing the covering geogrid, the distance adjustment component of the preferred embodiment includes a connecting plate 81, a first side plate 82, a second side plate 83, a tensioning member and a locking member. The first side plate 82 is arranged on one side of the connecting plate 81, and the covering geogrid close to the first side plate 82 is hung on the first side plate 82, and the second side plate 83 is arranged on the other side of the connecting plate 81, and the covering geogrid close to the second side plate 83 is hung on the second side plate 83.

[0069] The tensioning member includes a rotating bar 91, a first sub-rod 92, a second sub-rod 93 and a main rod 94. The first sub-rod 92 is arranged on the first side plate 82 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 82. The second sub-rod 93 is arranged on the second side plate 83 and is fixedly connected to the second side plate 83. The main rod 94 is arranged on the connecting plate 81 and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 81. One end of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the first sub-rod 92, the other end of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the second sub-rod 93, and the middle part of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the main rod 94. The locking member includes a first positioning member 95, a second positioning member 96 and a positioning ring 97. The first positioning member 95 is arranged on the first side plate 82 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 82. The second positioning member 96 is arranged on the connecting plate 8 1 and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 81, one end of the positioning ring 97 is rotatably connected to the first positioning member 95, and the other end of the positioning ring 97 is sleeved on the second positioning member 96 and is detachably connected to the second positioning member 96. During the construction process, the other end of the positioning ring 97 is not connected to the second positioning member 96. Under the action of the tensioning force of the covering geogrid, the rotating bar 91 is perpendicular to the connecting plate 81, the first side plate 82 and the second side plate 83. When the covering geogrid is deformed, the positioning ring 97 is pulled to make the rotating bar 91 rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first side plate 82 and the second side plate 83 move toward the connecting plate 81, and the positioning ring 97 is sleeved on the second positioning member 96, thereby realizing the re-tensioning of the covering geogrid.

[0070] Secondly, in order to better understand the technical solution and method of use of the present invention, the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following are the specific construction steps to illustrate the best implementation of this application:

[0071] First, the railway embankment 1 and the railway track bed 4 are constructed, and the embankment drainage ditch 7 is excavated. At the bottom of the slope foot of the railway track bed 4, a hard isolation 5 is driven into the railway embankment 1. The length of the hard isolation 5 is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment 1; so as to provide lateral restraint to the railway embankment 1, ensure the structural stability of the railway embankment 1, and reduce the impact of the construction on railway traffic when installing the railway shoulder widening device.

[0072] Then, a receiving cavity 27 is excavated at a position not less than 20 cm outside the hard isolation 5, that is, on one side of the railway track bed 4 of the hard isolation 5, and an anchoring structure 23 consisting of a prefabricated anchor plate 26, a reinforcing rod 25 and a first anchor rod 24 is placed in the receiving cavity 27; the stability of the reinforcing plate can be improved by setting the first anchor rod 24. In addition, an anchor plate 26 is set at the bottom of the first anchor rod 24, and asymmetrically distributed oblique reinforcing rods 25 are set on both sides of the first anchor rod 24 to further improve the bending, overturning and pull-out resistance of the reinforcing plate.

[0073] Next, liquid fly ash is poured in the accommodating cavity 27 to fill the accommodating cavity 27, and a widening plate 21 is installed on the top of the cantilever anchoring structure 23 so that the upper surface of the widening plate 21 is flush with the upper surface of the railway shoulder 3, and a ballast retaining plate 22 with drainage holes 28 is installed on the side of the widening plate 21 away from the railway roadbed 4; the liquid fly ash can fill the gaps between each layer of geocell reinforced coal gangue layer, and can also cooperate with the anchoring structure 23 to stably install the widening plate 21 on the railway shoulder 3 to achieve widening of the railway shoulder 3, and the ballast retaining plate 22 can prevent the ballast from rolling down and damaging the existing embankment drainage ditch 7 cover or rolling into the embankment drainage ditch 7 to block the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and the drainage holes 28 can ensure that the water on the shoulder flows into the embankment drainage ditch 7 in time.

[0074] Next, according to the installation position of the widened plate, the driving position, hole diameter and depth of the second anchor rod 62 are determined in the slope of the railway embankment 1, so that the installation of the reinforced structure can begin.

[0075] Then, a drilling machine is used to drill the receiving hole 65, and debris in the receiving hole 65 is cleaned, and the second anchor rod 62 is driven into the hole;

[0076] Then, the diameter of the receiving hole 65 is widened around the second anchor rod 62 at the anchoring section, i.e., near the slope, and the sleeve 63 is lowered. Liquid fly ash is injected into the receiving hole 65 and wrapped around the second anchor rod 62. The second anchor rod 62 is reinforced at the embankment slope by a nut.

[0077] Finally, the second anchor rod 62 is connected to the support plate 61, and an anti-corrosion layer is applied to the second anchor rod 62 exposed to the air. The second anchor rod 62 can provide vertical support for the railway shoulder 3 widening mechanism through the support plate 61 to avoid bending deformation, and can also reinforce the railway embankment 1 and the embankment slope; and the reinforcement nut 64 can reinforce the second anchor rod 62.

[0078] The embankment shoulder widening structure provided by the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to construct, has a small construction amount and is low in cost. It can solve the problem that the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed 4 occupies the railway shoulder 3 after the ballast is added and raised on the railway roadbed 4 to ensure the track elevation, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, which makes it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally, and the filled ballast rolls down and damages the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 7 or rolls into the drainage ditch, causing blocking of the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 7.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific implementation", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0080] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0082] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway shoulder widening device, comprising a widening mechanism and a reinforcement support mechanism, characterized in that: The widening mechanism comprises a widening plate (21), a ballast plate (22) and an anchoring structure (23); the widening plate (21) is partially laid above the railway shoulder (3) and partially extends to the outside of the railway shoulder (3); the ballast plate (22) is arranged above an end of the widening plate (21) away from the railway track bed (4); and the anchoring structure (23) is arranged below the widening plate (21) and is located inside the railway embankment (1); The reinforcement support mechanism comprises a support plate (61) and a reinforcement structure, wherein the support plate (61) is arranged below an end of the widening plate (21) away from the railway track bed (4), one end of the reinforcement structure is connected to the support plate (61), and the other end of the reinforcement structure extends to the inside of the railway embankment (1).

2. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving cavity (27) capable of receiving the anchoring structure (23) is formed in the railway embankment (1), and the receiving cavity (27) is filled with liquid fly ash.

3. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the widening plate (21) is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment (1), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate (21) extending to the outside of the railway shoulder (3) gradually decreases from a direction away from the railway track bed (4) to a direction close to the ballast plate (22).

4. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the ballast retaining plate (22) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widening plate (21), and a drainage hole (28) is also formed on the ballast retaining plate (22). The drainage hole (28) is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate (22), and the axis of the drainage hole (28) is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate (22).

5. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring structure (23) comprises a first anchor rod (24), a reinforcing rod (25) and an anchor plate (26), wherein the first anchor rod (24) is vertically arranged below the widened plate (21), and the anchor plate (26) is arranged at one end of the first anchor rod (24) away from the widened plate (21), and a plurality of reinforcing rods (25) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first anchor rod (24), and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcing rod (25) and the axis of the first anchor rod (24), and the angle opens toward the anchor plate (26).

6. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement structure comprises a second anchor rod (62), a sleeve (63) and a reinforcement nut (64); one end of the second anchor rod (62) is connected to the support plate (61); the other end of the second anchor rod (62) extends into the interior of the railway embankment (1); the sleeve (63) is sleeved on the second anchor rod (62) and is located inside the railway embankment (1); the reinforcement nut (64) is threadedly sleeved on one end of the second anchor rod (62) away from the reinforcement nut (64) and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment (1).

7. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The railway embankment (1) is formed with a receiving hole (65) capable of receiving the sleeve (63), and the receiving hole (65) is filled with liquid fly ash.

8. The railway shoulder widening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An anti-corrosion layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod (62) located outside the railway embankment (1).

9. A railway structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a railway embankment (1), a railway track bed (4) arranged on the railway embankment (1), the railway embankment (1), embankment drainage ditches (7) located on both sides of the railway embankment (1), and a railway shoulder widening device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the upper surface of the railway embankment (1) not in contact with the railway track bed (4) is formed with a railway shoulder (3), and the railway shoulder widening device is arranged on the railway shoulder (3).

10. The railway structure according to claim 9, characterized in that A hard isolation (5) is vertically arranged below the slope foot of the railway track bed (4); the hard isolation (5) is located inside the railway embankment (1), and the height of the hard isolation (5) is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment (1).

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