Blast hole depth determination method and system for rock to-be-exploded area on mine coal
By calibrating the area to be exploded in the coal seam and designing the layout of coal exploration holes, the depth of the gun hole is accurately determined, which solves the problem that the depth of the gun holes in traditional methods is difficult to accurately determine, and the blasting efficiency and cost-effectiveness are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411766379.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
In rock blasting projects at the upper coal seam of open-pit mines, traditional methods are difficult to accurately determine the depth of the gun hole, resulting in high drilling costs and low blasting efficiency.
By calibrating the top line of the step slope, rear excavation line and slope coal seam production shape of the upper part of the coal seam, the hole distance and number of rows of the coal exploration holes are designed, and the depth of other gun holes is determined based on the hole depth of the coal exploration holes.
It improves the efficiency of the drilling rig, reduces the cost of drilling and explosives, avoids the phenomenon of explosive energy drainage, and improves the blasting effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN119509288A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of open-pit blasting engineering, and in particular to a method and system for determining the depth of blastholes used in a rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine. Background Art
[0002] When open-pit mines use blasting methods to strip the upper rock of coal seams, blasthole arrangement is used as a pre-production process. However, the variability and complexity of the coal seam occurrence increases the difficulty of determining the hole network parameters, which in turn affects the effect of rock blasting on coal and restricts the efficiency of coal seam exposure. According to the traditional blasthole arrangement method, the depth of the blasthole is determined by the occurrence of the slope coal seam and the method of stopping drilling when the drill reaches the coal seam. For large-diameter drilling equipment, the driller determines the hole depth by observing the coal dust. There are two problems: First, the large-diameter equipment has a high rotation speed and a fast depth, resulting in a deeper depth of drilling into the coal seam and increasing the drilling cost. Second, backfilling the blastholes in the deeper coal seams reduces the construction efficiency. If not backfilled, the cost of explosives increases. Determining the depth of the blastholes in the upper rock of the coal seam is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention
[0003] The present application provides a method and system for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock blasting area above coal in a mine, so as to solve the technical problem of determining the depth of blastholes in the rock above the coal seam.
[0004] The present application provides a method for determining the depth of a blasthole in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, comprising the following steps: The blasting area on the upper part of the coal seam is calibrated. The calibration content includes the top line of the step slope, the rear excavation line and the occurrence of the slope coal seam. The top line of the step slope is the intersection line of the flat plate on the upper part of the step and the open slope surface. The rear excavation line is the boundary line of the excavator. The occurrence of the slope coal seam is mainly based on the coal seam strike and coal seam dip, which is used to grasp the change trend of the coal seam. Combined with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, the hole spacing and number of rows of coal exploration holes are designed; Drilling to the coal seam to obtain a coal-seeking exploration hole, and designing the backfill depth to backfill the coal-seeking exploration hole; Measure the depth of the coal exploration hole after backfilling; According to the hole spacing and number of rows of coal exploration holes, the depth of one row of coal exploration holes is used as the basis for the depth of two rows of normal blastholes to determine the depth of other blastholes.
[0005] Optionally, in the step of designing the hole spacing and row number of coal exploration holes in combination with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, Based on the inclination of the coal seam and the calibrated area to be blasted, the spacing and number of coal exploration holes are designed. The spacing of the coal exploration holes is determined based on the diameter of the drill bit and the inclination of the coal seam.
[0006] Optionally, in the step of designing the hole spacing and row number of coal exploration holes in combination with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, The number of rows of coal exploration holes is determined based on the width of the area to be blasted.
[0007] Optionally, in the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, Define the depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the depth of two rows of normal blastholes, then the depth of the blastholes in the row before the coal-seeking holes is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , ; Then the depth of the blastholes in a row after the coal exploration hole is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , .
[0008] Optionally, after the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes and taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, the step further includes: Determine the row spacing of adjacent blastholes, which is: in, Indicates the row spacing of adjacent blast holes. Indicates the depth of the blast hole.
[0009] Optionally, in the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, According to the hole spacing and row number of the coal exploration holes, the arrangement of the coal exploration holes is determined to be a plum blossom shape.
[0010] Optionally, in the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, The location of the coal exploration hole is set in the middle of the area to be blasted.
[0011] Correspondingly, the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store executable program codes; the processor being connected to the memory, and running a computer program corresponding to the executable program codes by reading the executable program codes, so as to execute any of the aforementioned methods for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine.
[0012] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a blasthole depth determination system for a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, characterized in that it includes the aforementioned electronic equipment.
[0013] The present application provides a method and system for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock-on-coal blasting area of a mine. When calibrating the rock-on-coal blasting area, the arrangement direction of coal-seeking exploration holes is determined by the direction of the coal seam, and the hole spacing of the coal-seeking exploration holes is designed by the inclination angle. According to the hole spacing and the number of rows of the coal-seeking exploration holes, the hole depth of one row of the coal-seeking exploration holes is used as a reference for the hole depth of two rows of normal blastholes to determine the depth of other blastholes, thereby improving the efficiency of the drilling rig and reducing the cost of drilling and explosives. In addition, since the coal seam is not penetrated, the phenomenon of explosive energy dissipation is avoided, the utilization rate of the explosive energy is improved, and the blasting effect is guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of holes in the rock area to be blasted on the coal in the method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock area to be blasted on the coal in a mine provided by the present application; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of holes in the rock area to be blasted on the coal in the method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock area to be blasted on the coal in a mine provided by the present application; Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine provided in the present application.
[0016] Description of the drawings: 1. Blast hole; 2. Depth of exploration hole for coal detection; 3. Normal blast hole; 4. Depth of normal blast hole; 5. Exploration hole for coal detection; 6. Backfilling of rock cuttings; 7. Coal seam; 8. Coal seam inclination; 9. Spacing between exploration holes for coal detection; 10. Row spacing; 11. Top line of step slope; 12. Rear excavation line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used, such as "up", "down", "left", and "right", generally refer to the up, down, left, and right of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings.
[0018] The present application provides a method and system for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock blasting area on coal in a mine, which are described in detail below. It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of the present application. In the following embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.
[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present application provides a method for determining the depth of a blasthole 1 in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, which specifically includes the following steps: S100, calibrate the upper area of the coal seam 7 to be blasted, the calibration content includes the step top line 11, the rear excavation line 12 and the occurrence of the slope coal seam 7, wherein the step top line 11 is the intersection line of the upper flat plate of the step and the open slope, and the rear excavation line 12 is the boundary line of the excavator. The step top line 11 and the rear excavation line 12 are calibrated by the drone to determine the range of the coal exploration hole 5 in the area to be blasted. The occurrence of the slope coal seam 7 is mainly based on the strike of the coal seam 7 and the inclination of the coal seam 7, which is used to grasp the change trend of the coal seam 7; wherein the arrangement direction of the coal exploration hole 5 is determined by the strike of the coal seam 7, and the hole spacing of the coal exploration hole 5 is designed by the inclination.
[0020] S200, designing the hole spacing and row number of the coal exploration holes 5 in combination with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted; In combination with the inclination of the coal seam 7 and the calibrated area to be blasted, the hole spacing and the number of rows of the coal exploration holes 5 are designed, wherein the hole spacing of the coal exploration holes 5 is determined based on the diameter of the drill bit of the drilling rig and the inclination of the coal seam 7. In this embodiment, the coal exploration holes 55 are arranged within the range of the coal exploration holes 5 circled in step S100 according to the designed hole spacing of 5m and the number of rows of 6, and the drilling rig drills until the coal seam 7 is reached.
[0021] S300, drilling to the coal seam 7 to obtain a coal-seeking exploration hole 5, and designing a backfill depth to backfill the coal-seeing exploration hole 5; The coal exploration hole 5 is backfilled according to the designed backfill depth, and the hole inspection team measures the depth of the coal exploration hole 5 after backfilling.
[0022] The number of rows of coal exploration holes 5 is determined based on the width of the area to be blasted. In this embodiment, the hole spacing of the coal exploration holes 5 is designed based on the drill bit diameter of the drilling rig and the inclination angle of the coal seam 7. The designed number of rows of coal exploration holes 5 is based on the width of the area to be blasted.
[0023] The coal exploration hole 5 is backfilled according to the designed backfill depth, and the hole inspection team measures the depth of the coal exploration hole 5 after backfilling. The purpose of backfilling in this embodiment is to reduce the consumption of explosives and prevent the energy loss of explosives to ensure the blasting effect.
[0024] S400, measuring the depth of the coal exploration hole 5 after backfilling; S500, according to the hole spacing and the number of rows of the coal-seeking holes 5, the hole depth 2 of one row of the coal-seeking holes 5 is used as a reference for the hole depths of the two rows of normal blastholes 1 to determine the depths of the other blastholes 1; Define the hole depth 2 of one row of coal-seeking holes 5 as the hole depth of two rows of normal blastholes 31 as the reference, then the hole depth of the blasthole 1 in the row before the coal-seeking holes 5 is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , ; Then the depth of the blastholes in a row after the coal exploration hole is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , .
[0025] In this embodiment, the depth of one row of coal-seeking exploration holes 5 is used as a reference for the depth of two rows of normal blastholes 31. The purpose is to reduce the number of rows of exploration holes and to provide a reference basis for the depth of multiple rows of holes.
[0026] According to the hole spacing and row number of the coal-seeing exploration holes 5, the arrangement of the coal-seeing exploration holes 5 is determined to be a plum blossom shape. The plum blossom hole is a hole arrangement method with a better blasting effect, and its blasting energy is uniform, which can reduce large pieces.
[0027] The position of the coal-seeking exploration hole 5 is set in the middle of the area to be blasted. The position of the coal-seeking exploration hole 5 should be set between the areas to be blasted, and it is not suitable to set it in the side row. The depth of one row of coal-seeking exploration holes 5 is used as the basis for the depth of two rows of normal blastholes 31. The purpose is to reduce the number of rows of exploration holes and provide a reference basis for the depth of multiple rows of holes.
[0028] S600, determining the row spacing 10 of adjacent blastholes 1, the row spacing 10 being: in, Indicates the row spacing of adjacent blast holes. Indicates the depth of the blast hole.
[0029] When calibrating the rock blasting area on the coal, the arrangement direction of the coal exploration holes 5 is determined by the direction of the coal seam 7, and the hole spacing of the coal exploration holes 5 is designed by the inclination angle. According to the hole spacing and the number of rows of the coal exploration holes 5, the hole depth 2 of one row of the coal exploration holes 5 is used as the hole depth of two rows of normal blast holes 1 as a reference to determine the depth of other blast holes 1, thereby improving the efficiency of the drilling rig and reducing the cost of drilling and explosives. In addition, since the coal seam 7 is not penetrated, the phenomenon of explosive energy dissipation is avoided, the utilization rate of the explosive energy is improved, and the blasting effect is guaranteed.
[0030] This embodiment also provides a system for determining the depth of a blasthole 1 for a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, which includes the electronic device of the claim. The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store an executable program code; the processor is connected to the memory, and runs a computer program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code, so as to execute any of the aforementioned methods for determining the depth of a blasthole 1 for a rock blasting area on coal in a mine.
[0031] The above is a detailed introduction to the method and system for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock blasting area on coal in a mine provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. A method for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The blasting area on the upper part of the coal seam is calibrated. The calibration content includes the top line of the step slope, the rear excavation line and the occurrence of the slope coal seam. The top line of the step slope is the intersection line of the flat plate on the upper part of the step and the open slope surface. The rear excavation line is the boundary line of the excavator. The occurrence of the slope coal seam is mainly based on the coal seam strike and coal seam dip, which is used to grasp the change trend of the coal seam. Combined with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, the hole spacing and number of rows of coal exploration holes are designed; Drilling to the coal seam to obtain a coal-seeking exploration hole, and designing the backfill depth to backfill the coal-seeking exploration hole; Measure the depth of the coal exploration hole after backfilling; According to the hole spacing and number of rows of coal exploration holes, the depth of one row of coal exploration holes is used as the basis for the depth of two rows of normal blastholes to determine the depth of other blastholes.
2. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of designing the hole spacing and row number of coal exploration holes in combination with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, Based on the inclination of the coal seam and the calibrated area to be blasted, the spacing and number of coal exploration holes are designed. The spacing of the coal exploration holes is determined based on the diameter of the drill bit and the inclination of the coal seam.
3. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step of designing the hole spacing and row number of coal exploration holes in combination with the calibration content and the calibrated area to be blasted, The number of rows of coal exploration holes is determined based on the width of the area to be blasted.
4. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, Define the depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the depth of two rows of normal blastholes, then the depth of the blastholes in the row before the coal-seeking holes is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , ; Then the depth of the blastholes in a row after the coal exploration hole is: in, Indicates Ranking The depth of the blasthole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, Indicates Ranking The depth of the coal borehole, , .
5. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of the coal-seeking holes and taking the hole depth of one row of the coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, the method further includes the following steps: Determine the row spacing of adjacent blastholes, which is: in, Indicates the row spacing of adjacent blast holes. Indicates the depth of the blast hole.
6. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, According to the hole spacing and row number of the coal exploration holes, the arrangement of the coal exploration holes is determined to be a plum blossom shape.
7. The method for determining the depth of blastholes in the rock to be blasted area on coal in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of determining the depths of other blastholes based on the hole spacing and the number of rows of coal-seeking holes, taking the hole depth of one row of coal-seeking holes as the reference for the hole depths of two rows of normal blastholes, The location of the coal exploration hole is set in the middle of the area to be blasted.
8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory for storing executable program codes; as well as A processor is connected to the memory, and runs a computer program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code to execute the method for determining the depth of blastholes in a rock blasting area on coal in a mine according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. A blasthole depth determination system for a rock blasting area on coal in a mine, characterized in that: An electronic device comprising the electronic device described in claim 8.