Method and device for analyzing production state of heavy oil well

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil well analysis, and particularly relates to a heavy oil well production state analysis method and device.Firstly, analysis indexes in the heavy oil production process are determined through a principal component analysis method; establishing a calculation model for analyzing the production state of the heavy oil well by taking the numerical value change of the analysis index as an observation target; calculating a sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process by using the calculation model, and analyzing the production state of the heavy oil well according to the size relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value; by means of the method, the problems of steam channeling, interference, insufficient energy and the like in thickened oil production can be found, positioned and treated in time in an auxiliary mode, the steam utilization rate is increased, and safety and environmental protection risks are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil well analysis, and in particular relates to a method and a device for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well. Background Art

[0002] At present, there is no effective technology for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells in oil fields. It is mainly judged by manual inspection and experience whether to take production measures such as injection, pumping, heating, well soaking, and intermittent pumping. Information delays can easily cause steam channeling, freezing, steam waste, and increase safety and environmental risks. In the later stage of oil well development, there are many wells and wide areas, and manual inspections are difficult to manage. It is necessary to adopt technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data to achieve refined management of oil fields.

[0003] In the existing technology, some personnel collect the flow, pressure and temperature of the wellhead in real time, set alarm values, and monitor whether there is oil theft and damage, but do not analyze the production status of the oil well itself; some personnel analyze the operation status of the pumping unit by submergence and pump efficiency, but do not analyze the production status of the oil well itself. However, the above methods lack a method for automatically analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Determine analytical indicators in heavy oil production process by principal component analysis method;

[0006] Taking the numerical changes of the analysis index as observation targets, a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells is established;

[0007] The calculation model is used to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process, and the production status of the heavy oil well is analyzed according to the size relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

[0008] Furthermore, the determination of analytical indicators in the heavy oil production process by the principal component analysis method comprises the following steps:

[0009] The data of various indicators in the heavy oil production process of multiple samples were obtained, and the correlation coefficient matrix, KMO and Bartlett test were used to determine whether there was correlation and independence between the two indicators;

[0010] If there is a correlation between the two indicators and they are independent of each other, the eigenvalue and principal component loading of each indicator are calculated;

[0011] The number of principal components and the analysis indexes in the principal components are determined according to the eigenvalues ​​and the principal component loads.

[0012] Further, the indicators include liquid volume, motor parameters, angular displacement, wellhead temperature, oil pressure, power, and pump fullness.

[0013] Further, the analysis indicator in the heavy oil production process is the wellhead temperature.

[0014] Further, taking the numerical change of the analysis indicator as the observation target, establishing a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells includes the following steps:

[0015] Take sample data 2n of multiple said analysis indicators and set a sampling period T;

[0016] Calculate the mean value of the analysis indicator at the moments from 1×T to n×T respectively and the mean value of the analysis indicator at the moments from (n + 1)×T to 2n×T

[0017] Further, the calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells is as follows:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, is the mean value of the analysis indicator at the moments from 1×T to n×T, is the mean value of the analysis indicator at the moments from (n + 1)×T to 2n×T; X n+i represents the analysis indicator value of the (n + i)-th sample; X i represents the analysis indicator value of the i-th sample; M2 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging low-production heavy oil wells; M1 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging other production conditions of heavy oil wells except low-production wells.

[0021] Further, analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to the magnitude relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value is specifically as follows:

[0022] When M1 > K and the state of the oil well is beneficial, interfered, or steam channeled;

[0023] When M1 > K and the energy of the oil well drops;

[0024] When M1 < K, the production of the oil well is normal;

[0025] When M2 > 0.4×ΔT and the oil well has low production, where ΔT represents the local day-night temperature difference; T p represents the inflection point temperature of the current block.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a heavy oil well production status analysis device, comprising:

[0027] An index determination unit, used to determine the analytical index in the heavy oil production process by principal component analysis method;

[0028] A calculation model building unit, used to take the numerical change of the analysis index as an observation target and build a calculation model for analyzing the production status of the heavy oil well;

[0029] The analysis unit is used to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process using the calculation model, and analyze the production status of the heavy oil well according to the size relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0031] a memory storing a computer program;

[0032] The processor is used to implement the heavy oil well production status analysis method when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well is executed.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0035] The present invention first determines the analysis index in the heavy oil production process by a principal component analysis method; then takes the numerical change of the analysis index as an observation target, and establishes a calculation model for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well; uses the calculation model to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process, and analyzes the production status of the heavy oil well according to the size relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value; the method proposed by the present invention can timely discover, locate and assist in processing the problems of steam channeling, interference, energy shortage, etc. in heavy oil production, thereby improving steam utilization and reducing safety and environmental protection risks.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the heavy oil well production status analysis method proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 The wellhead temperature curve diagram of Well No. 0041 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 The wellhead temperature curve of well No. 1200 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heavy oil well production status analysis device proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 5 A diagram of an electronic device for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention proposes a method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well. By collecting wellhead temperature data, an analysis model is established to automatically analyze the production status of the heavy oil well. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0045] S1: Determine analytical indicators in heavy oil production process by principal component analysis method;

[0046] S2: taking the numerical changes of the analysis index as observation targets and establishing a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells;

[0047] S3: Calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process using the calculation model, and analyze the production status of the heavy oil well according to the relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

[0048] The principal component analysis (PCA) in step S1 is a statistical method for dimensionality reduction. When there is a certain correlation between multiple variables and a certain overlap of information, it deletes duplicate variables (closely related variables) and integrates the original multiple variables into fewer comprehensive indicators, while these comprehensive indicators keep the original information as much as possible.

[0049] The determination of analytical indicators in the heavy oil production process using principal component analysis includes the following steps:

[0050] The data of various indicators in the production process of multiple samples of heavy oil were obtained, including liquid volume, motor parameters, angular displacement, wellhead temperature, oil pressure, power, and pump fullness. The correlation coefficient matrix is ​​shown in Table 1. The coefficients are all greater than 0, so there is a correlation between the evaluation indicators.

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] The results are shown in Table 2 after verification by KMO and Bartlett's sphericity test. The KMO test coefficient = 0.711 (greater than 0.7), and the correlation between variables is strong; the significance (P value) = 0.000 (less than 0.05), and the variables are independent of each other to a certain extent. Therefore, there is a certain correlation between the analysis indicators, and they are independent of each other, so principal component analysis can be used.

[0054] Table 2

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] The software is used to calculate and obtain the eigenvalue λ, the number of principal components m, and the principal component load lij.

[0058] The ideal result of principal component analysis is to select parameters with eigenvalue λ>1 and cumulative contribution rate greater than 85% as principal components, but based on actual experience, a contribution rate >70% is also considered relatively good.

[0059] Table 3

[0060]

[0061] From Table 3, we can get the following results: λ1=3.297、λ2=1.324, so we can determine that the production status of heavy oil wells has two main components, and the cumulative contribution rate of the two main components is 77%, which can represent the original information and grasp the main contradiction. The remaining components contain less information, so they are discarded. The main component loads are shown in Table 4:

[0062] Table 4

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] In the first principal component, the wellhead temperature load is the largest, followed by the liquid volume, which has a great influence on the first principal component and is the key indicator of the first principal component, representing the production status of the oil well produced fluid;

[0066] In the second principal component, the motor parameters and angular displacement are the largest, greater than 0.8, and have the greatest impact on the second principal component. They are the key indicators of the second principal component and represent the mechanical condition of the oil well;

[0067] Therefore, the analytical indicator in the heavy oil production process is determined to be the wellhead temperature, which can be used to reflect the production status of the oil well.

[0068] In step S2, the numerical change of the analysis index is used as the observation target, and the calculation model for analyzing the production status of the heavy oil well is established as follows:

[0069] The total number of wellhead temperature samples is 2n, and the sampling period is T. The n wellhead temperature samples from time 1 to n×T are represented by X1, X2, …, X 2n Taking the change of wellhead temperature as a random process, through years of field experiments, we explored the corresponding rules and established a calculation model for automatically judging the production status of heavy oil wells. The calculation model for the production status of heavy oil wells is as follows:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, is the average wellhead temperature from 1×T to n×T, Y is the average wellhead temperature from (n+1)×T to 2n×T, X n+i represents the n+ith sample temperature value, X i represents the ith sample temperature value, M1 and M2 represent sensitivity coefficients, where M2 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging low-yield wells; M1 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging other production conditions of heavy oil except production wells.

[0073] In step S3, the calculation result of the calculation model is compared with the K value, and the production status of the heavy oil is analyzed according to the comparison result:

[0074] ①When M1>K (such as K=0.8) and When the oil well is affected, it may benefit, interfere or cause steam breakthrough;

[0075] ②When M1>K (such as K=0.8) and When the energy of the oil well decreases;

[0076] ③ When M1 < K (e.g., K = 0.8), the production of the oil well is normal;

[0077] ④ When M2 > 0.4×ΔT and the oil well has low production.

[0078] Among them, the K value is the set judgment value. The value of K is related to the sample size. The larger the sample size, the closer the value is to "1"; ΔT represents the local day-night temperature difference; T p represents the inflection point temperature of the current block.

[0079] Embodiment

[0080] Use the above method to analyze the production status of Well No. 0041 and Well No. 1200. The wellhead temperature curves of Well No. 0041 and Well No. 1200 are respectively as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown. The abscissa is time, with the unit of hour, and the ordinate is temperature, with the unit of degree Celsius. Calculate the average wellhead temperature and sensitivity coefficient of Well No. 0041 and Well No. 1200 yesterday and today respectively. The results are shown in Table 5:

[0081] Table 5

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] It can be seen from the above table that the sensitivity coefficient M1 of Well No. 0041 calculated by using the calculation model of the production status of heavy oil wells is 1.08, and the average wellhead temperature value yesterday is less than the average wellhead temperature today (i.e., ), and the analysis result is: there is a steam injection well within 150 m, which may be interfered by gas channeling. It is recommended to pay attention.

[0085] The sensitivity coefficient M1 of Well No. 1200 is 1.06, and the average wellhead temperature value yesterday is greater than the average wellhead temperature today (i.e., ), and the analysis result is: there is no steam injection well nearby, and the energy is insufficient.

[0086] The heavy oil well logs of Well No. 0041 and Well No. 1200 are shown in Table 6:

[0087] Table 6

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] It can be seen from Table 6 that the analysis results obtained by the method of the present invention are basically consistent with the production status recorded in the log of the heavy oil well.

[0091] The above method has been applied since 2021, and has been promoted and applied in 1,300 heavy oil wells, effectively preventing steam crosstalk 96 wells per year and reducing sludge treatment costs by about 400,000 yuan per year; according to the analysis results, about 174 steam injection plans are optimized per year, steam injection correction is made 20 wells per month, and 21,000 tons of ineffective steam injection is controlled at the source, saving about 1.5 million yuan per year.

[0092] The analysis method proposed in the present invention can timely discover, locate and assist in the treatment of problems such as steam channeling, interference, and energy shortage in heavy oil production, quickly locate abnormal wells, assist production management, and fill the gap in automatic analysis of heavy oil well production status.

[0093] Based on the same concept of the present invention, another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a heavy oil well production status analysis device, such as Figure 4 As shown, including:

[0094] An index determination unit 401 is used to determine the analysis index in the heavy oil production process by a principal component analysis method;

[0095] A calculation model building unit 402 is used to establish a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells by taking the numerical changes of the analysis index as observation targets;

[0096] The analysis unit 403 is used to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process using the calculation model, and analyze the production status of the heavy oil well according to the size relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

[0097] Based on the same inventive concept, another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device for a method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 501, at least one communication interface 502, at least one memory 503 and at least one communication bus 504; wherein the processor 501, the communication interface 502 and the memory 503 communicate with each other through the communication bus 504;

[0098] Memory 503, storing computer programs;

[0099] The processor 501 is used to implement the heavy oil well production status analysis method when executing the program stored in the memory 503.

[0100] Optionally, the communication interface may be an interface of a communication module, such as an interface of a GSM module; the processor may be a processor CPU, or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. The memory may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The memory stores a program, and the processor calls the program stored in the memory to execute some or all of the above method embodiments.

[0101] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which implements part or all of the above method embodiments when the computer program is executed. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, for example, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0102] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Determine the analysis indexes in the heavy oil production process by the principal component analysis method; Take the numerical change of the analysis indexes as the observation target, and establish a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells; Use the calculation model to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process, and analyze the production status of heavy oil wells according to the magnitude relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

2. The method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the analysis indexes in the heavy oil production process by the principal component analysis method includes the following steps: Obtain the data of various indexes in the production process of multiple sample heavy oils, and determine whether there is correlation and independence between two indexes through the correlation coefficient matrix, KMO and Bartlett tests; If there is correlation and independence between the two indexes, calculate the eigenvalue and principal component load of each index; Determine the number of principal components and the analysis indexes in the principal components according to the eigenvalue and principal component load.

3. The method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The indexes include liquid volume, motor parameters, angular displacement, wellhead temperature, oil pressure, power and pump filling degree.

4. The method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that The analysis index in the heavy oil production process is the wellhead temperature.

5. The method for analyzing the production status of a heavy oil well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of taking the numerical change of the analysis indexes as the observation target and establishing a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells includes the following steps: Take the sample data 2n of multiple analysis indexes, and set the sampling period T; Calculate the mean of the analysis indicators from 1×T to n×T respectively and the mean of the analysis indicators from (n+1)×T to 2n×T Based on the and A computational model is established to analyze the production status of heavy oil wells.

6. The method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that The calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells is as follows: In the formula, is the mean of the analysis indicators from 1×T to n×T, is the mean value of the analysis index from (n+1)×T to 2n×T; X n+i represents the analysis index value of the n+ith sample; X i It represents the analytical index value of the i-th sample; M2 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging the low-yield heavy oil well; M1 is the sensitivity coefficient for judging the production status of heavy oil except low-production wells.

7. The method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to the magnitude relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value specifically is: When M1>K and When , the status of the oil well is benefit, interference or steam channeling; When M1>K and When , the energy of the oil well decreases; When M1 < K, the oil well production is normal; When M2>0.4×ΔT and When , the oil well is under-productive, where ΔT represents the local day-night temperature difference; T p Indicates the inflection point temperature of the current block.

8. A heavy oil well production status analysis device, characterized in that: Including: An index determination unit, configured to determine the analysis indexes in the heavy oil production process by the principal component analysis method; A calculation model establishment unit, configured to take the numerical change of the analysis indexes as the observation target and establish a calculation model for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells; An analysis unit, configured to use the calculation model to calculate the sensitivity coefficient in the heavy oil production process and analyze the production status of heavy oil wells according to the magnitude relationship between the sensitivity coefficient and the production K value.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: Including a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete communication with each other through the communication bus; The memory stores a computer program; The processor is configured to implement the method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to any one of claims 1-7 when executing the program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is run, it executes the method for analyzing the production status of heavy oil wells according to any one of claims 1-7.

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