Laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, which relates to the technical field of lasers and comprises a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, a self-adaptive optical wavefront correction module and a feedback control system. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through the second optical coupler, the wavefront sensor is connected with the output end of the gain medium, and the feedback control system is connected with the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus and automatically generates a correction signal according to wavefront distortion data. The feedback control system is installed, the function of adjusting and correcting parameters in real time based on wavefront distortion is achieved, the problem that wavefront distortion caused by optical system errors or environment disturbance is difficult to monitor and correct in real time through a traditional laser amplifier is solved, the focusing performance and transmission efficiency of laser beams are improved, and the laser amplifier has a wide application prospect. And stable and high-quality light beam output is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, and in particular to a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction. Background Art

[0002] With the development of laser technology, high-power, high-stability and high-quality laser amplifiers have been widely used in scientific research, industrial processing, laser communications, medical equipment and defense applications. However, laser amplifiers face many technical challenges in actual use, such as wavefront distortion caused by thermal effects of gain media, environmental vibrations and optical system errors. These distortions will lead to a decrease in the quality of the laser output beam, affecting its focusing ability and energy transmission efficiency, especially in long-distance transmission or precision processing.

[0003] In the prior art, although some wavefront correction methods have been adopted, most of them are based on the adjustment methods of a single optical element, with slow correction speed, insufficient accuracy, and limited adaptability to multi-wavelength lasers. In addition, the operating environment of the laser amplifier is complex, such as high temperature, vibration, or unattended harsh scenes. Traditional systems are difficult to meet actual needs in terms of real-time performance, stability, and remote management capabilities. Therefore, this application proposes a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, which comprehensively improves the performance and reliability of the laser amplifier and provides an innovative solution for high-quality laser applications.

[0004] Patent document CN117977356B discloses a device and method for improving the beam quality of a large-aperture laser. The above patent realizes the ability to identify and classify wavefront distortion patterns, thereby improving the correction efficiency and quality of the device for different types of distortions according to different wavefront distortion patterns. However, the above patent cannot realize the function of real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront distortion.

[0005] Patent document CN111427147B discloses a method for selecting a wavefront corrector based on the wavefront Zernike mode. The above patent realizes that the deflection mirror and the deformable mirror compensate for each other's insufficient correction capabilities. Compared with the single closed-loop case, the power of the deformable mirror driver is effectively alleviated, thereby weakening the wavefront distortion, avoiding the wavefront corrector from being in a full-load state for a long time, and extending the service life of the wavefront corrector. However, the above patent cannot realize the independent dynamic adjustment function according to lasers of different wavelengths.

[0006] Patent document CN106338818B discloses an adaptive optical tomography correction device based on a microsecond pulse sodium beacon. The above patent realizes real-time and accurate measurement of wavefront distortion information to correct the wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric disturbances. It can achieve perfect correction and enable large ground-based telescopes to achieve near-diffraction limit resolution imaging. However, the above patent cannot realize temperature control and vibration isolation functions.

[0007] Patent document CN113300766B discloses an adaptive distortion wavefront corrector based on LQG and a method thereof. The above patent realizes the correction processing of distorted wave signals containing random Gaussian white noise, but the above patent cannot realize the dynamic optimization function of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms.

[0008] In summary, the above patents cannot realize the functions of adjusting correction parameters in real time based on wavefront distortion, independent dynamic adjustment according to different wavelengths of lasers, temperature control and vibration isolation, and dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms, which leads to problems such as unstable laser beam output quality, large impact of environmental disturbances, inability to support independent adjustment of multiple wavelengths, small scope of application, and large errors caused by manual intervention; To this end, the present application proposes a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction that can realize real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront distortion, independent dynamic adjustment according to lasers of different wavelengths, temperature control and vibration isolation functions, and dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction to solve the technical problems proposed in the above-mentioned background technology that the function of real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront distortion, the function of independent dynamic adjustment according to lasers of different wavelengths, the function of temperature control and vibration isolation, and the function of dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms cannot be realized, resulting in unstable laser beam output quality, great influence of environmental disturbances, inability to support independent adjustment of multiple wavelengths, small scope of application and large errors caused by manual intervention.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, comprising a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module and a feedback control system, wherein the laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler, the laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler, the wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium, the feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront distortion data; The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam, and the laser source is one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser and an applicable laser source. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler for gain amplification; The gain medium is used to perform gain amplification on the initial laser beam, and the gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium; The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront distortion of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront distortion data, and the wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element, which is used to dynamically adjust the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront distortion data; The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront distortion data output by the wavefront sensor, and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront distortion data to ensure the wavefront optimization of the laser beam.

[0011] Preferably, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens, and the adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront distortion data. The liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens controls the shape through an electric drive device, and the electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor. The driving voltage of the stepper motor is 5-12V, and the control accuracy of the servo motor is 0.1um.

[0012] Preferably, the gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG crystal, an ytterbium-doped optical fiber or other solid-state laser gain medium, and is excited by a pump light source, the pump light source is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler, the pump light source is a diode laser or a fiber laser, the wavelength of the diode laser is 808nm, the power is 10-50W, the diode laser is connected to the gain medium through an optical fiber, and the core diameter of the optical fiber is 400um.

[0013] Preferably, the first optical coupler is a reflector, a collimating lens or a fiber coupler, which ensures that the laser beam is accurately introduced into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter or a fiber coupler, which is used to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens or a reflector, which is used to effectively introduce the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium.

[0014] Preferably, the wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of laser beam wavefront distortion. The wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system via a data bus in real time, ensuring rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront distortion data.

[0015] Preferably, the feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to historical wavefront distortion data through a machine learning algorithm, thereby realizing dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs wavefront distortion data analysis and prediction based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm.

[0016] Preferably, the feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront distortion. The compensation accuracy reaches 0.1um and the compensation delay is less than 2ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment.

[0017] Preferably, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes multiple adjustable optical elements and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The multiple adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The multiple optical elements include a liquid crystal aperture LCOS, a micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens and a reflector. The adjustment range of the liquid crystal aperture LCOS is ±10um, and the adjustment accuracy of the micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens is 1um.

[0018] Preferably, the gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are both installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions. The mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and a vibration isolation pad. The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are precisely aligned through an optical alignment device. The temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame maintains the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C±0.1°C through a PID temperature control algorithm, and the vibration isolation pad can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50-2000Hz.

[0019] Preferably, the laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing the operator to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion in real time, and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy to ensure continuous and efficient operation of the system in a complex environment. The remote monitoring platform exchanges data with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes the function of adjusting the correction parameters in real time based on wavefront distortion by installing a feedback control system, which solves the problem that traditional laser amplifiers are difficult to monitor and correct in real time the wavefront distortion caused by optical system errors or environmental disturbances, improves the focusing performance and transmission efficiency of the laser beam, and maintains stable and high-quality beam output; 2. The present invention realizes the independent dynamic adjustment function according to different wavelengths of lasers by installing an adaptive optical wavefront correction module, solves the problem of low efficiency and poor precision of traditional single optical element wavefront correction, improves the adaptability of laser amplifiers, and meets the optimization requirements of multi-wavelength laser systems for wavefront quality; 3. The present invention realizes temperature control and vibration isolation functions by installing a mechanical structure frame, solves the problem that environmental disturbance affects the stability and beam quality of laser amplification, ensures the stability of the working environment of the gain medium, and improves the output stability of the laser amplifier; 4. The present invention realizes the dynamic optimization function of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms by installing a remote monitoring platform, solves the problem of delayed and low efficiency of manual intervention caused by the inability to conduct real-time monitoring and remote adjustment in complex environments, improves operational efficiency and reduces the risk of human error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the laser amplifier of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, comprising a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module and a feedback control system, wherein the laser source is connected to the gain medium via a first optical coupler, the laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output via a second optical coupler, the wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium, the feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module via a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to wavefront distortion data; The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam, and the laser source is one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser and an applicable laser source. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler for gain amplification; The gain medium is used to perform gain amplification on the initial laser beam, and the gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium; The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront distortion of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront distortion data, and the wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element, which is used to dynamically adjust the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront distortion data; The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront distortion data output by the wavefront sensor, and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront distortion data to ensure the wavefront optimization of the laser beam; Furthermore, the laser source generates an initial laser beam, which enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler. These laser beams are optically collimated so that the laser beams can efficiently enter the gain medium and maximize the gain efficiency. After the particles in the gain medium absorb the pump light, they are excited and release a high-energy laser beam. The laser beam after gain is output through the second optical coupler, which collimates and outputs the amplified laser beam to ensure that the beam is transmitted to the subsequent system with a suitable direction and quality. After the laser beam is gain-amplified, the wavefront sensor begins to monitor the wavefront information in the laser beam caused by various factors in the system, such as temperature changes and optical component deviations, and converts it into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the feedback control system in real time through the data bus. The feedback control system receives the wavefront distortion data provided by the wavefront sensor, processes the wavefront distortion data through algorithms such as convolutional neural network (CNN) or support vector machine (SVM), and generates an adjustment signal according to the distortion. The feedback control system dynamically adjusts the wavefront of the laser beam by adjusting the adjustable optical element connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module to make it approach the ideal state and minimize the distortion effect. The adaptive optical wavefront correction module adjusts the shape and position of the optical element with micron-level accuracy according to the type of wavefront distortion, such as spherical aberration or coma, to correct the wavefront of the laser beam. By real-time monitoring and correction of the wavefront distortion of the laser beam, the system can effectively reduce the wavefront distortion caused by optical components, gain media, etc. The adaptive optical wavefront correction module dynamically adjusts the beam wavefront to ensure the quality of the laser beam and maintain a stable beam output even under complex working conditions.

[0024] See also Figure 1, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal diaphragm LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens, the adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront distortion data, the liquid crystal diaphragm LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens is controlled by an electric drive device, the electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor, the driving voltage of the stepper motor is 5-12V, and the control accuracy of the servo motor is 0.1um; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes a plurality of adjustable optical elements, and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The plurality of adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The plurality of optical elements include a liquid crystal aperture LCOS, a micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens and a reflector. The adjustment range of the liquid crystal aperture LCOS is ±10um, and the adjustment accuracy of the micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens is 1um. The feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront distortion, with a compensation accuracy of 0.1um and a compensation delay of less than 2ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment. Furthermore, after receiving the wavefront distortion data monitored by the wavefront sensor and performing the reverse real-time wavefront distortion analysis, the feedback control system calculates the required correction parameters and then generates a wavefront correction signal. The feedback control system automatically analyzes the type, amplitude and change trend of the wavefront distortion. The feedback control system calculates the compensation degree and compensation timing of the correction in real time, and selects an appropriate compensation delay according to actual needs to avoid the deterioration of the beam quality. The liquid crystal aperture LCOS adjusts the shape of the aperture surface through an electric drive device to change the phase distribution of the light beam, thereby achieving wavefront correction; through the continuous adjustment of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module, the wavefront distortion of the laser beam is effectively compensated, and the corrected laser beam has a higher beam quality and the wavefront error is minimized; finally, the corrected laser beam is amplified and output through the gain medium, ensuring that the laser amplifier can always work stably and efficiently under different working conditions; Through precise real-time wavefront measurement and feedback control, the wavefront of the laser beam can be dynamically adjusted as it passes through the gain medium and optical system to compensate for wavefront distortion caused by system errors, temperature changes, mechanical vibrations, etc. The compensation accuracy reaches 0.1 micron, ensuring that the output laser beam is always in the best state.

[0025] See also Figure 1, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, wherein the gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG crystal, an ytterbium-doped optical fiber or other solid-state laser gain medium, and is excited by a pump light source, the pump light source is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler, the pump light source is a diode laser or an optical fiber laser, the wavelength of the diode laser is 808nm, the power is 10-50W, the diode laser is connected to the gain medium through an optical fiber, and the core diameter of the optical fiber is 400um; The first optical coupler is a reflector, a collimating lens or a fiber coupler, which ensures that the laser beam is accurately introduced into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter or a fiber coupler, which is used to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens or a reflector, which is used to effectively guide the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium. Furthermore, the pump light source provides the required energy to excite the particles in the gain medium, thereby generating laser gain. The third optical coupler is used to effectively guide the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles in the gain medium. The particles in the gain medium transition from a low energy level to a high energy level under the excitation of the pump light, and then undergo a radiation transition under appropriate conditions to release a high-energy laser beam. The initial laser beam from the laser source is accurately introduced into the gain medium through the first optical coupler. The second optical coupler is used to guide the laser beam amplified by the gain medium to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The collimating lens ensures that the laser beam remains collimated during transmission. The beam splitter can simultaneously transmit part of the laser beam to the wavefront sensor, and the other part is used for laser output. The fiber coupler is suitable for high-precision laser beam introduction to reduce light loss. The reflector is used to accurately reflect and guide the laser beam to the optical fiber input end of the gain medium. The selection of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler ensures that the laser beam remains stable during transmission, which not only improves the collimation of the laser beam, but also reduces the light loss that may be generated in the system. The precise optical coupling ensures that the input and output of the light beam in the gain medium are in the optimal state, thereby improving the stability of the entire laser system, thereby optimizing the wavefront quality of the laser beam and improving the output accuracy of the system.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, the wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of the wavefront distortion of the laser beam, the wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time through the data bus, ensuring the rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront distortion data; The feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to the historical wavefront distortion data through a machine learning algorithm, thereby realizing dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs wavefront distortion data analysis and prediction based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Furthermore, the phase sensor provides the phase information of the wavefront by detecting the phase change of the laser beam, and can realize high-precision measurement of the wavefront error. The interferometer uses the interference principle to obtain detailed information of the wavefront distortion by analyzing the interference fringes, and is suitable for accurately measuring the distortion of the laser wavefront. These sensors transmit the measured wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time through the data bus. The computer control platform analyzes the historical wavefront distortion data through machine learning algorithms, especially the convolutional neural network CNN or the support vector machine SVM, and mines the laws and characteristics of the wavefront distortion. The convolutional neural network CNN is good at processing image data and can extract local features in the wavefront distortion data. It is suitable for images or light field data obtained from the wavefront sensor. The support vector machine SVM can realize classification and regression by optimizing the hyperplane. In wavefront correction, it can be used to predict the wavefront error and fit the correction model. The computer control platform uses these historical data to optimize the wavefront correction strategy, thereby improving the accuracy and response speed of wavefront distortion compensation, and dynamically adjusts the correction strategy to achieve accurate correction of the wavefront. After the real-time wavefront distortion data is transmitted to the computer control platform, the system dynamically adjusts the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront correction according to the real-time data and the optimized model. The computer platform automatically generates a new wavefront correction signal and transmits it to the adaptive optics wavefront correction module through the interface. The convolutional neural network CNN can identify the wavefront distortion type and its distribution characteristics by extracting and processing the features of the input wavefront image, and adjust the correction strategy through the regression layer of the neural network. The support vector obtained by the support vector machine SVM through training can accurately fit the distribution of the wavefront error, thereby predicting and correcting the wavefront distortion; Through the above steps, the wavefront sensor monitors the wavefront changes in real time, and performs data analysis through the feedback control system, automatically generates correction signals, and drives the adaptive optical module to adjust the beam wavefront. The system ensures that the wavefront quality of the laser beam is always in an optimized state; Through machine learning algorithms, the system can optimize the wavefront correction strategy based on historical data, providing higher accuracy than traditional control methods. This accuracy is not only reflected in the single wavefront correction process, but also in the continuous improvement of the correction strategy through the accumulation and optimization of historical data; in laser amplifiers, wavefront correction can significantly improve the beam quality, power and stability of laser output. The optimized wavefront not only improves the gain efficiency of the laser amplifier, but also ensures the consistency and reliability of the laser output.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, the gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are both installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions, the mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and a vibration isolation pad, the gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are precisely aligned through an optical alignment device, the temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame maintains the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C±0.1°C through a PID temperature control algorithm, and the vibration isolation pad can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50-2000Hz; The laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing an operator to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion in real time, and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the system in a complex environment. The remote monitoring platform exchanges data with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction; Furthermore, a heat exchange system is installed in the mechanical structure frame, and a PID temperature control algorithm is used to adjust the temperature in real time. The temperature control system can accurately maintain the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C ± 0.1°C, avoiding the decrease in laser amplification efficiency and wavefront distortion caused by temperature fluctuations; the frame also includes vibration isolation pads, which can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50-2000Hz. This is because the precise operation of the laser amplifier requires that its optical path must be stable, and vibrations will have an adverse effect on beam propagation and wavefront distortion. The vibration isolation pads can significantly reduce the impact of external vibrations on the laser amplifier system through special materials and structural design, ensuring the precise propagation of the laser beam; The remote monitoring platform is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, and can obtain the working status and wavefront distortion data of the laser amplifier in real time. The operator can check the wavefront quality of the laser beam, the temperature of the gain medium, the vibration state and other parameters through the monitoring platform to ensure the normal operation of the system; The remote monitoring platform provides a convenient way to monitor the working status of the laser amplifier in real time. The operator can remotely view the wavefront distortion data and other key parameters through the platform, and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy when necessary. This remote control function enables the system to maintain continuous and efficient operation in complex environments, reduces the need for manual intervention, and improves the intelligence and automation of the system.

[0028] Working principle: After the laser beam is amplified by the gain medium, its wavefront may be distorted due to factors such as errors in the optical system and environmental influences. The wavefront sensor detects the wavefront quality of the laser beam in real time, generates wavefront distortion data, and transmits the data to the feedback control system through the data bus. The feedback control system analyzes the data transmitted by the wavefront sensor in real time, and uses the convolutional neural network (CNN) or support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to identify wavefront distortion and perform wavefront correction. The system automatically generates a correction signal based on the analysis results and makes adjustments by controlling the adaptive optics wavefront correction module. The adaptive optical wavefront correction module dynamically adjusts the wavefront of the laser beam through its adjustable optical elements according to the instructions of the feedback control system. The adjustable optical elements are fine-tuned by electric drive to compensate for wavefront distortion and ensure that the wavefront quality of the laser beam remains in the best state when it is output, ultimately achieving optimal adjustment of the wavefront and ensuring the quality and stability of the output laser beam.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, comprising a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module and a feedback control system, characterized in that: The laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler, the laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler, the wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium, the feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront distortion data; The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam, and the laser source is one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser and an applicable laser source. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler for gain amplification; The gain medium is used to perform gain amplification on the initial laser beam, and the gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium; The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront distortion of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront distortion data, and the wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element, which is used to dynamically adjust the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront distortion data; The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront distortion data output by the wavefront sensor, and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront distortion data to ensure the wavefront optimization of the laser beam.

2. A laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens. The adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront distortion data. The liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens controls the shape through an electric drive device. The electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor. The driving voltage of the stepper motor is 5-12V, and the control accuracy of the servo motor is 0.1um.

3. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG crystal, an ytterbium-doped optical fiber or other solid-state laser gain medium, and is excited by a pump light source, which is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler. The pump light source is a diode laser or an optical fiber laser, the wavelength of the diode laser is 808nm, the power is 10-50W, the diode laser is connected to the gain medium through an optical fiber, and the core diameter of the optical fiber is 400um.

4. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first optical coupler is a reflector, a collimating lens or a fiber coupler, which ensures that the laser beam is accurately introduced into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter or a fiber coupler, which is used to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens or a reflector, which is used to effectively introduce the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium.

5. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of laser beam wavefront distortion. The wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system via a data bus in real time, ensuring rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront distortion data.

6. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to historical wavefront distortion data through a machine learning algorithm, thereby realizing dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs wavefront distortion data analysis and prediction based on a convolutional neural network CNN or a support vector machine SVM algorithm.

7. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront distortion. The compensation accuracy reaches 0.1um and the compensation delay is less than 2ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment.

8. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes multiple adjustable optical elements and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The multiple adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The multiple optical elements include a liquid crystal aperture LCOS, a micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens and a reflector. The adjustment range of the liquid crystal aperture LCOS is ±10um, and the adjustment accuracy of the micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens is 1um.

9. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are both installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions. The mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and a vibration isolation pad. The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are precisely aligned through an optical alignment device. The temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame maintains the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C±0.1°C through a PID temperature control algorithm. The vibration isolation pad can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50-2000Hz.

10. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing the operator to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion in real time, and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the system in a complex environment. The remote monitoring platform exchanges data with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction.

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