Hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen purification device for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and aims to provide a high-efficiency and high-purity hydrogen purification solution. The device comprises a hydrogen raw gas pool, a raw gas filtering pool, a purification module and a hydrogen collecting tank, the purification module adopts a palladium alloy membrane diffusion technology, and a spectrum detection module is combined to monitor the poisoning condition of a palladium alloy membrane and the hydrogen concentration in real time. Intelligent control over the hydrogen purification process is achieved through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and a deep learning model FTIR-DeepNet. According to the method, through the steps of pretreatment, purification, spectral data acquisition and analysis, data processing and control, hydrogen collection and the like, impurities are effectively removed, the purity of hydrogen is improved to 99.99% or above, and high-end application requirements are met. The method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, environmentally friendly, remarkable in economic benefit and the like, and has important significance for promoting commercial application of hydrogen energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydrogen preparation, and in particular to a hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water. Background Art

[0002] In the current energy structure, hydrogen, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, is becoming increasingly important. Especially under the dual challenges of energy crisis and environmental pollution faced by the world, the development and utilization of hydrogen as a renewable energy has become the key to energy transformation. As a green hydrogen production technology, water electrolysis has attracted much attention due to its pollution-free and renewable characteristics.

[0003] However, the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis contains a variety of impurities, such as CO, H2S and water vapor, which seriously affect the safety and efficiency of hydrogen applications. In addition, the lack of hydrogen purity also limits its application in fuel cells, chemical raw materials and other fields. Although water electrolysis can produce hydrogen with a higher purity, usually higher than 90%, further purification is still required to meet the needs of specific applications.

[0004] Therefore, developing an efficient hydrogen purification technology to remove impurities and improve hydrogen purity is of great significance for promoting the commercial application of hydrogen energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, comprising a hydrogen raw gas pool, a raw gas filtering pool, a purification module and a hydrogen collecting tank;

[0006] The hydrogen raw gas pool is connected to the raw gas filter pool, the raw gas filter pool is connected to the purification module, and the purification module is connected to the hydrogen collection tank; the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water in the hydrogen raw gas pool is transported to the raw gas filter pool for filtration to remove CO, H2S and water vapor; the filtered hydrogen raw gas enters the purification module for purification by palladium alloy membrane diffusion method, and the purified hydrogen enters the hydrogen collection tank for collection;

[0007] The purification module includes a multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank, which includes a tank body and a palladium alloy membrane inside the tank body, an air inlet connected to one end of the tank body, and the other end connected to the air outlet; hydrogen enters the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank from the air inlet, diffuses through the palladium alloy membrane, passes through the palladium alloy membrane and reaches the air outlet;

[0008] A spectrum detection module is also provided, which is arranged in the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank to collect the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the palladium alloy membrane and send the collected infrared absorption spectrum to the analysis module for analysis;

[0009] The purification controller controls the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank according to the analysis structure of the analysis module.

[0010] The palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank is in the shape of a double-layer nested cylinder, the outer layer is the tank body, and the inner layer is a cylindrical palladium alloy membrane. The tank body and one end of the palladium alloy membrane are sealed and connected, so that the hydrogen entering from one end of the tank body can only pass through the palladium alloy membrane to reach the other end of the tank body.

[0011] An air inlet valve is provided at the air inlet of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank, and an air outlet valve is provided at the air outlet. The air inlet valve is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet and adjust the adsorption pressure in the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank; the air outlet valve is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet and adjust the decomposition pressure of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank.

[0012] The spectral detection module includes an optical transceiver and a reflective plate arranged in the palladium alloy film; the optical transceiver is arranged on the pipeline of the air outlet, and the optical transceiver and the air outlet pipeline are inclined at a certain angle. The light emitted from the optical transceiver is reflected by the inner wall of the cylindrical palladium alloy film for many times, and then reaches the reflective plate at the bottom of the cylindrical palladium alloy film and is reflected back to the optical transceiver by the original path; the optical transceiver collects the reflected light and performs spectral analysis on the reflected light to obtain the infrared absorption spectrum of the palladium alloy film, that is, the FTIR spectrum.

[0013] The analysis module processes the spectrum as follows:

[0014] Normalizing the collected infrared absorption spectrum data, and performing wavelet transform or singular value decomposition for noise reduction and normalization;

[0015] The FTIR-DeepNet model is used for poisoning analysis and absorption pressure prediction. The FTIR-DeepNet model structure is as follows:

[0016] Input Layer:

[0017] Input normalized FTIR spectrum data, each sample contains spectral intensity values ​​at a series of wavelengths;

[0018] One-dimensional convolutional layer:

[0019] First layer: 64 filters, size 3x1, step size 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract local features;

[0020] Second layer: 128 filters of size 3x1, stride 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract more complex local features;

[0021] The third layer: 256 filters of size 3x1, stride 2, ReLU activation function, used to extract more abstract features;

[0022] Batch Normalization Layer: Batch normalization is applied after each convolutional layer to stabilize the learning process and accelerate convergence;

[0023] Residual connection: Introducing residual connection, allowing gradients to flow directly through the network;

[0024] Global average pooling layer: reduces feature dimensions and captures global information;

[0025] Fully connected layer: The first fully connected layer has 256 units, and the second fully connected layer has 128 units, both using the ReLU activation function;

[0026] Output layer:

[0027] Poisoning analysis: A fully connected layer to classify and categorize the poisoning of the palladium alloy membrane;

[0028] Absorption pressure prediction: a fully connected layer, regression analysis, predicts the required absorption control pressure;

[0029] Loss function: For poisoning analysis, the cross entropy loss function is used; for absorption pressure prediction, the mean square error loss function is used.

[0030] The inner surface of the palladium alloy film is designed to have a periodically arranged nanocolumn array structure, each nanocolumn has a diameter of 50 to 200 nanometers, a height of 300 to 500 nanometers, and a center distance between columns of 100 to 300 nanometers; the nanocolumn array structure is formed by implementing plasma etching technology on the surface of the palladium alloy film to ensure that infrared light is reflected multiple times on the inner surface of the palladium alloy film, thereby enhancing the spectral detection sensitivity of the palladium alloy film poisoning and hydrogen concentration; so that the spectral information carried by the reflected light can accurately reflect the poisoning state of the palladium alloy film and the change in hydrogen concentration.

[0031] The wavelength of light emitted by the optical transceiver is set in the range of 2.5 to 15 microns, covering the mid-infrared to far-infrared region, detecting chemical bonds and molecular vibrations in the palladium alloy film, and obtaining detailed information on poisoning conditions and hydrogen concentration;

[0032] The infrared light is emitted in a pulse modulation mode with a modulation frequency of 10Hz to 1000Hz to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of detection;

[0033] The power of the infrared light source is controlled between 100 μW and 1 W to ensure that the infrared light can penetrate the palladium alloy film and be reflected multiple times, while avoiding thermal damage to the palladium alloy film or the surrounding environment;

[0034] The optical transceiver head is set on the pipe of the air outlet at an angle of 30° to 60°, so that the infrared beam can cover a larger area of ​​the palladium alloy film and optimize the collection efficiency of the spectrum by adjusting the angle;

[0035] The spectrum detection module can provide at least 0.5cm -1 spectral resolution.

[0036] A method for purifying hydrogen using the hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water comprises the following steps:

[0037] a. Hydrogen preparation and pretreatment:

[0038] The hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is transported from the hydrogen raw gas pool to the raw gas filtration pool; impurities such as CO, H2S and water vapor in the hydrogen are removed in the raw gas filtration pool to obtain relatively pure hydrogen raw gas;

[0039] b. Hydrogen purification:

[0040] The filtered hydrogen raw gas is input into the multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank in the purification module; through the palladium alloy membrane diffusion method, the inlet valve and the outlet valve are controlled to adjust the adsorption pressure and the desorption pressure, so that the hydrogen passes through the palladium alloy membrane to achieve further purification of the hydrogen;

[0041] c. Spectral data collection and analysis:

[0042] The spectrum detection module is started to emit infrared light with specific parameters to the inner surface of the palladium alloy film; the nanostructure of the inner surface of the palladium alloy film is used to make the infrared light reflect multiple times on the inner surface, carrying the poisoning information and hydrogen concentration information of the palladium alloy film;

[0043] The reflected light is collected by the optical transceiver head and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR to obtain the infrared absorption spectrum data of the palladium alloy film;

[0044] d.Data processing and control:

[0045] The collected infrared absorption spectrum data is sent to the analysis module for normalization, wavelet transform or singular value decomposition to reduce noise and normalize. The spectral data is subjected to deep learning analysis using the FTIR-DeepNet model to classify the poisoning of the palladium alloy membrane and predict the absorption pressure. According to the analysis results of the FTIR-DeepNet model, the purification controller automatically adjusts the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank to optimize the hydrogen purification process.

[0046] e. Hydrogen collection:

[0047] The purified hydrogen is transported from the purification module to a hydrogen collection tank for collection to obtain a high-purity hydrogen product.

[0048] The hydrogen raw gas is hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water, and its purity is above 90%.

[0049] The purity of the purified hydrogen is above 99.99%.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0051] The present invention provides a hydrogen purification device and method integrating palladium alloy membrane diffusion technology and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, which realizes efficient preparation of high-purity hydrogen and solves the problem of high impurities in the raw gas in the existing palladium alloy membrane method.

[0052] Through the pretreatment of the raw gas filtration pool and the diffusion purification of the palladium alloy membrane, impurities such as CO, H2S and water vapor can be effectively removed and the purity of hydrogen can be improved; the integrated spectral detection module and FTIR-DeepNet model can monitor the poisoning of the palladium alloy membrane and the hydrogen concentration in real time, and realize the intelligent control of the purification process. The purity of the purified hydrogen can reach more than 99.99%, meeting the needs of high-end applications such as fuel cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0054] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0055] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the gas diffusion path structure of the palladium alloy diffusion tank;

[0056] Attached Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light propagation path structure of the palladium alloy diffusion tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, comprising a hydrogen raw gas pool 1, a raw gas filtering pool 2, a purification module 3 and a hydrogen collecting tank 4;

[0059] The hydrogen raw gas pool 1 is connected to the raw gas filter pool 2, the raw gas filter pool 2 is connected to the purification module 3, and the purification module 3 is connected to the hydrogen collection tank 4; the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water in the hydrogen raw gas pool 1 is transported to the raw gas filter pool 2 for filtration to remove CO, H2S and water vapor; the filtered hydrogen raw gas enters the purification module 3 for purification by the palladium alloy membrane 34 diffusion method, and the purified hydrogen enters the hydrogen collection tank 4 for collection;

[0060] The purification module 3 includes a multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank, which includes a tank body 33 and a palladium alloy membrane 34 inside the tank body 33. The air inlet 31 is connected to one end of the tank body 33, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 32. After the hydrogen enters the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank from the air inlet 31, it diffuses through the palladium alloy membrane 34 and reaches the air outlet 32 ​​after passing through the palladium alloy membrane 34.

[0061] A spectrum detection module is also provided, which is arranged in the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank to collect the infrared absorption spectrum of the surface of the palladium alloy membrane 34 and send the collected infrared absorption spectrum to the analysis module for analysis;

[0062] The purification controller controls the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank according to the analysis structure of the analysis module.

[0063] The palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank is in the shape of a double-layer nested cylinder, the outer layer is a tank body 33, and the inner layer is a cylindrical palladium alloy membrane 34. The tank body 33 and one end of the palladium alloy membrane 34 are sealed and connected, so that the hydrogen entering from one end of the tank body 33 can only pass through the palladium alloy membrane 34 to reach the other end of the tank body 33.

[0064] An air inlet valve 35 is provided at the air inlet 31 of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank, and an air outlet valve 36 is provided at the air outlet 32. The air inlet valve 35 is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet 31 and to adjust the adsorption pressure in the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank; the air outlet valve 36 is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet 32 ​​and to adjust the desorption pressure of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank.

[0065] The spectral detection module includes an optical transceiver head 37 and a reflective plate 38 arranged in the palladium alloy film 34; the optical transceiver head 37 is arranged on the pipeline of the air outlet 32, and the optical transceiver head 37 and the air outlet 32 ​​pipeline are inclined at a certain angle. The light emitted from the optical transceiver head 37 is reflected by the inner wall of the cylindrical palladium alloy film 34 for many times, and then reaches the reflective plate 38 at the bottom of the cylindrical palladium alloy film 34 and is reflected back to the optical transceiver head 37 by the original path; the optical transceiver head 37 collects the reflected light, and performs spectral analysis on the reflected light to obtain the infrared absorption spectrum of the palladium alloy film 34, that is, the FTIR spectrum.

[0066] The analysis module processes the spectrum as follows:

[0067] Normalizing the collected infrared absorption spectrum data, and performing wavelet transform or singular value decomposition for noise reduction and normalization;

[0068] The FTIR-DeepNet model is used for poisoning analysis and absorption pressure prediction. The FTIR-DeepNet model structure is as follows:

[0069] Input Layer:

[0070] Input normalized FTIR spectrum data, each sample contains spectral intensity values ​​at a series of wavelengths;

[0071] One-dimensional convolutional layer:

[0072] First layer: 64 filters, size 3x1, step size 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract local features;

[0073] Second layer: 128 filters of size 3x1, stride 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract more complex local features;

[0074] The third layer: 256 filters of size 3x1, stride 2, ReLU activation function, used to extract more abstract features;

[0075] Batch Normalization Layer: Batch normalization is applied after each convolutional layer to stabilize the learning process and accelerate convergence;

[0076] Residual connection: Introducing residual connection, allowing gradients to flow directly through the network;

[0077] Global average pooling layer: reduces feature dimensions and captures global information;

[0078] Fully connected layer: The first fully connected layer has 256 units, and the second fully connected layer has 128 units, both using the ReLU activation function;

[0079] Output layer:

[0080] Poisoning analysis: a fully connected layer to classify the poisoning of the palladium alloy membrane 34;

[0081] Absorption pressure prediction: a fully connected layer, regression analysis, predicts the required absorption control pressure;

[0082] Loss function: For poisoning analysis, the cross entropy loss function is used; for absorption pressure prediction, the mean square error loss function is used.

[0083] The inner surface of the palladium alloy film 34 is designed to have a periodically arranged nanocolumn array structure, each nanocolumn has a diameter of 50 to 200 nanometers, a height of 300 to 500 nanometers, and a center distance between columns of 100 to 300 nanometers; the nanocolumn array structure is formed by implementing plasma etching technology on the surface of the palladium alloy film 34 to ensure that infrared light is reflected multiple times on the inner surface of the palladium alloy film 34, thereby enhancing the spectral detection sensitivity of the poisoning condition of the palladium alloy film 34 and the hydrogen concentration; so that the spectral information carried by the reflected light can accurately reflect the poisoning state of the palladium alloy film 34 and the change in hydrogen concentration.

[0084] The wavelength of light emitted by the optical transceiver head 37 is set in the range of 2.5 to 15 microns μm, covering the mid-infrared to far-infrared region, detecting the chemical bonds and molecular vibrations in the palladium alloy film 34, and obtaining detailed information on the poisoning situation and hydrogen concentration;

[0085] The infrared light is emitted in a pulse modulation mode with a modulation frequency of 10Hz to 1000Hz to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of detection;

[0086] The power of the infrared light source is controlled between 100 microwatts μW and 1 watt W, ensuring that the infrared light can penetrate the palladium alloy film 34 and be reflected multiple times, while avoiding thermal damage to the palladium alloy film 34 or the surrounding environment;

[0087] The optical transceiver head 37 is arranged on the pipeline of the gas outlet 32 ​​at an angle of 30° to 60°, so that the infrared beam can cover a larger area of ​​the palladium alloy film 34, and the collection efficiency of the spectrum is optimized by adjusting the angle;

[0088] The spectrum detection module can provide at least 0.5cm -1 spectral resolution.

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] A method for purifying hydrogen using the hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water comprises the following steps:

[0091] a. Hydrogen preparation and pretreatment:

[0092] The hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water is transported from the hydrogen raw gas pool 1 to the raw gas filter pool 2; impurities such as CO, H2S and water vapor in the hydrogen are removed in the raw gas filter pool 2 to obtain relatively pure hydrogen raw gas;

[0093] b. Hydrogen purification:

[0094] The filtered hydrogen gas is input into the multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank in the purification module 3; the inlet valve 35 and the outlet valve 36 are controlled to adjust the adsorption pressure and the desorption pressure through the palladium alloy membrane 34 through the diffusion method of the palladium alloy membrane 34, so that the hydrogen can be further purified;

[0095] c. Spectral data collection and analysis:

[0096] The spectrum detection module is started to emit infrared light with specific parameters to the inner surface of the palladium alloy film 34; the nanostructure of the inner surface of the palladium alloy film 34 is used to make the infrared light reflect multiple times on the inner surface, carrying the poisoning information and hydrogen concentration information of the palladium alloy film 34;

[0097] The reflected light is collected by the optical transceiver head 37, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR analysis is performed to obtain infrared absorption spectrum data of the palladium alloy film 34;

[0098] d.Data processing and control:

[0099] The collected infrared absorption spectrum data is sent to the analysis module for normalization, wavelet transformation or singular value decomposition to reduce noise and normalize. The spectral data is subjected to deep learning analysis using the FTIR-DeepNet model to classify the poisoning conditions of the palladium alloy membrane 34 and predict the absorption pressure. According to the analysis results of the FTIR-DeepNet model, the purification controller automatically adjusts the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank to optimize the hydrogen purification process.

[0100] e. Hydrogen collection:

[0101] The purified hydrogen is transported from the purification module 3 to the hydrogen collection tank 4 for collection to obtain a high-purity hydrogen product.

[0102] The hydrogen raw gas is hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water, and its purity is above 90%.

[0103] The purity of the purified hydrogen is above 99.99%.

[0104] Thus far, the description of the above-described embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure. The individual elements or features of a specific embodiment are generally not subject to the limitations of the specific embodiment, but when applicable, they can be interchanged and used for selected embodiments even if not specifically shown or described. In many respects, the same element or feature also can be changed. This variation is not considered to be a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

[0105] Example embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and the scope will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In order to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, numerous details are set forth, such as examples of specific parts, devices, and methods. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to use specific details, the example embodiments can be implemented in many different forms, and neither should be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. In certain example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.

[0106] Here, specialized vocabulary is used only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments, and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a" and "the" used herein may be intended to include plural forms as well. The terms "including" and "having" are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of the claimed features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or additional presence of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. Unless the order of execution is clearly indicated, the method steps, processing and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily needing to be performed in the specific order discussed and shown. It should also be understood that additional or optional steps may be adopted.

Claims

1. A hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, comprising a hydrogen raw gas pool (1), a raw gas filtration pool (2), a purification module (3) and a hydrogen collection tank (4); characterized in that: The hydrogen raw gas pool (1) is connected to the raw gas filter pool (2), the raw gas filter pool (2) is connected to the purification module (3), and the purification module (3) is connected to the hydrogen collection tank (4); the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water in the hydrogen raw gas pool (1) is transported to the raw gas filter pool (2) for filtration to remove CO, H2S and water vapor; the filtered hydrogen raw gas enters the purification module (3) for purification by a palladium alloy membrane (34) diffusion method, and the purified hydrogen enters the hydrogen collection tank (4) for collection; The purification module (3) comprises a multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank, the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank comprises a tank body (33) and a palladium alloy membrane (34) inside the tank body (33), an air inlet (31) is connected to one end of the tank body (33), and the other end is connected to the air outlet (32); hydrogen enters the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank from the air inlet (31), diffuses through the palladium alloy membrane (34), passes through the palladium alloy membrane (34), and reaches the air outlet (32); A spectrum detection module is also provided, which is arranged in the palladium alloy film diffusion tank, collects the infrared absorption spectrum on the surface of the palladium alloy film (34), and sends the collected infrared absorption spectrum to the analysis module for analysis; The purification controller controls the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank according to the analysis structure of the analysis module.

2. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank is in the shape of a double-layer nested cylinder, wherein the outer layer is a tank body (33) and the inner layer is a cylindrical palladium alloy membrane (34). The tank body (33) and one end of the palladium alloy membrane (34) are sealed and connected, so that hydrogen entering from one end of the tank body (33) can only pass through the palladium alloy membrane (34) to reach the other end of the tank body (33).

3. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet (31) of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank is provided with an air inlet valve (35), and an air outlet (32) is provided with an air outlet valve (36). The air inlet valve (35) is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet (31) and to adjust the adsorption pressure in the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank; and the air outlet valve (36) is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet (32) and to adjust the desorption pressure of the palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank.

4. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The spectrum detection module comprises an optical transceiver head (37) and a reflective plate (38) arranged in the palladium alloy film (34); the optical transceiver head (37) is arranged on the pipeline of the air outlet (32), and the optical transceiver head (37) and the air outlet (32) pipeline are arranged at a certain angle. After the light emitted from the optical transceiver head (37) is reflected by the inner wall of the cylindrical palladium alloy film (34) for multiple times, it reaches the reflective plate (38) at the bottom of the cylindrical palladium alloy film (34) and is reflected back to the optical transceiver head (37) along the original path; the optical transceiver head (37) collects the reflected light, and performs spectral analysis on the reflected light to obtain an infrared absorption spectrum of the palladium alloy film (34), that is, an FTIR spectrum.

5. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis module processes the spectrum as follows: Normalizing the collected infrared absorption spectrum data, and performing wavelet transform or singular value decomposition for noise reduction and normalization; The FTIR-DeepNet model is used for poisoning analysis and absorption pressure prediction. The FTIR-DeepNet model structure is as follows: Input Layer: Input normalized FTIR spectrum data, each sample contains spectral intensity values ​​at a series of wavelengths; one-dimensional convolution layer: First layer: 64 filters, size 3x1, step size 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract local features; Second layer: 128 filters of size 3x1, stride 1, ReLU activation function, used to extract more complex local features; The third layer: 256 filters of size 3x1, stride 2, ReLU activation function, used to extract more abstract features; Batch Normalization Layer: Batch normalization is applied after each convolutional layer to stabilize the learning process and accelerate convergence; Residual Connection: Residual connection is introduced to allow gradients to flow directly through the network; Global average pooling layer: reduces feature dimensions and captures global information; Fully connected layer: The first fully connected layer has 256 units, and the second fully connected layer has 128 units, both using the ReLU activation function; Output layer: Poisoning analysis: a fully connected layer to classify and categorize the poisoning of the palladium alloy membrane (34); Absorption pressure prediction: a fully connected layer, regression analysis, predicts the required absorption control pressure; Loss function: For poisoning analysis, the cross entropy loss function is used; for absorption pressure prediction, the mean square error loss function is used.

6. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the palladium alloy film (34) is designed to have a periodically arranged nanocolumn array structure, each nanocolumn has a diameter of 50 to 200 nanometers, a height of 300 to 500 nanometers, and a center distance between the columns of 100 to 300 nanometers; the nanocolumn array structure is formed by implementing a plasma etching technology on the surface of the palladium alloy film (34) to ensure that infrared light is reflected multiple times on the inner surface of the palladium alloy film (34), thereby enhancing the spectral detection sensitivity of the poisoning status of the palladium alloy film (34) and the hydrogen concentration; so that the spectral information carried by the reflected light can accurately reflect the poisoning status of the palladium alloy film (34) and the change in hydrogen concentration.

7. The hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wavelength of light emitted by the optical transceiver head (37) is set within the range of 2.5 to 15 micrometers (μm), covering the mid-infrared to far-infrared region, detecting chemical bonds and molecular vibrations in the palladium alloy film (34), and obtaining detailed information on poisoning conditions and hydrogen concentration; The infrared light is emitted in a pulse modulation mode with a modulation frequency of 10Hz to 1000Hz to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of detection; The power of the infrared light source is controlled between 100 microwatts (μW) and 1 watt (W), ensuring that the infrared light can penetrate the palladium alloy film (34) and be reflected multiple times, while avoiding thermal damage to the palladium alloy film (34) or the surrounding environment; The optical transceiver head (37) is arranged on the pipeline of the gas outlet (32) at an angle of 30° to 60°, so that the infrared light beam can cover a larger area of ​​the palladium alloy film (34) and the collection efficiency of the spectrum is optimized by adjusting the angle; The spectrum detection module can provide at least 0.5cm -1 spectral resolution.

8. A method for purifying hydrogen using the hydrogen purification device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: a. Hydrogen preparation and pretreatment: The hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen is transported from a hydrogen raw gas pool (1) to a raw gas filter pool (2); impurities such as CO, H2S and water vapor in the hydrogen are removed in the raw gas filter pool (2) to obtain relatively pure hydrogen raw gas; b. Hydrogen purification: The filtered hydrogen raw gas is input into the multi-channel palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank in the purification module (3); the inlet valve (35) and the outlet valve (36) are controlled by the palladium alloy membrane (34) diffusion method to adjust the adsorption pressure and the desorption pressure, so that the hydrogen passes through the palladium alloy membrane (34) to achieve further purification of the hydrogen; c. Spectral data collection and analysis: The spectrum detection module is started to emit infrared light with specific parameters to the inner surface of the palladium alloy film (34); the nanostructure of the inner surface of the palladium alloy film (34) is used to make the infrared light reflect multiple times on the inner surface, carrying poisoning information and hydrogen concentration information of the palladium alloy film (34); The reflected light is collected by an optical transceiver (37), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis is performed to obtain infrared absorption spectrum data of the palladium alloy film (34); d.Data processing and control: The collected infrared absorption spectrum data is sent to the analysis module for normalization, wavelet transformation or singular value decomposition to reduce noise and normalize; the spectral data is subjected to deep learning analysis using the FTIR-DeepNet model to classify the poisoning conditions of the palladium alloy membrane (34) and predict the absorption pressure; according to the analysis results of the FTIR-DeepNet model, the purification controller automatically adjusts the diffusion pressure of each palladium alloy membrane diffusion tank to optimize the hydrogen purification process; e. Hydrogen collection: The purified hydrogen is transported from the purification module (3) to a hydrogen collection tank (4) for collection, thereby obtaining a high-purity hydrogen product.

9. The method for purifying hydrogen according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen raw gas is hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water, and its purity is above 90%.

10. The method for purifying hydrogen according to claim 8, characterized in that: The purity of the purified hydrogen is above 99.99%.

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