Iron cultural relic rust removal device and method

Abstract

The iron cultural relic rust removal device comprises an ultrasonic cleaning machine and a turnover plate on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the turnover plate can turn over by 180 degrees on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, a fluted disc capable of rotating and fluctuating is arranged on the turnover plate, and a limiting device for fixing a to-be-derusted cultural relic is arranged on the surface of the fluted disc. Cleaning liquid is arranged in the ultrasonic cleaning machine, and the to-be-derusted cultural relics are inverted in the ultrasonic cleaning machine after the overturning plate is overturned; when the iron cultural relic rust removal device and method are used, rust on the surfaces of the cultural relics can be effectively removed, the rust removal time is shortened, the cultural relics are not prone to loosening and disengaging in the rust removal process, stability is high, the safety of the cultural relics can be effectively guaranteed, and the iron cultural relic rust removal device and method are suitable for application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rust removal devices, and in particular to a rust removal device and method for iron cultural relics. Background Art

[0002] Iron artifacts are commonly found in ancient weapons, protective gear, or other containers. Their rust is generally related to humidity, temperature, environment, and the material of the artifact. Since artifacts are generally kept for a long time, long-term contact with air or soil will cause oxidation reaction on the surface, resulting in rust. As time goes by, the rust will continue to increase, further corroding the artifact. Whether the iron artifact is collected or just unearthed, the rust on its surface needs to be removed regularly to restore the original appearance of the artifact to a greater extent, so as to improve the collection value and research value.

[0003] There are three existing ways to remove rust from cultural relics: mechanical rust removal, chemical rust removal and electrochemical rust removal; the safest and most effective is physical rust removal, which is generally carried out using an ultrasonic cleaning machine. The ultrasonic cleaning machine uses the strong shock waves generated by the cavitation effect in the liquid to impact the surface of the cultural relic, causing the rust to quickly peel off and fall off the surface of the cultural relic, thereby achieving the purpose of rust removal.

[0004] However, the traditional ultrasonic cleaning device has a relatively simple structure, takes a long time to remove rust, and the rust is not easy to loosen and fall off during rust removal. The safety of the cultural relics cannot be guaranteed, and the use effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide an iron cultural relic rust removal device and method which can effectively remove rust on the surface of cultural relics, shorten the rust removal time, and prevent the cultural relics from loosening and detaching during the rust removal process, has strong stability, and can effectively ensure the safety of the cultural relics.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a rust removal device for iron cultural relics, comprising an ultrasonic cleaning machine and a flip plate on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the flip plate can flip 180 degrees on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the flip plate is provided with a toothed disk that can rotate and fluctuate, the surface of the toothed disk is provided with a limiting device for fixing the cultural relics to be derusted, the ultrasonic cleaning machine is provided with a cleaning liquid, and after the flip plate is flipped, the cultural relics to be derusted are inverted in the ultrasonic cleaning machine.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating shaft and a supporting shaft are provided through the flip plate, and the rotating shaft and the supporting shaft are symmetrically arranged in the flip plate. The top of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is provided with two groups of bearing seats cooperating with the rotating shaft, and the two sides of the bearing seat are symmetrically provided with a first semicircular groove and a second semicircular groove cooperating with the support shaft. The rotating shaft is always arranged in the bearing seat, and the support shaft is arranged in the first semicircular groove or the second semicircular groove.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed cylinder and a rotating cylinder are provided between the flip plate and the toothed disc, one end of the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the flip plate, and the circumference of the other end is provided with a smooth first arc slope surface, one end of the rotating cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the toothed disc, and the other end is provided with a second arc slope surface that matches the first arc slope surface in a concave-convex manner, the inner and outer diameters of the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder are consistent, and the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder are located on the same axis, an extension shaft is provided in the rotating cylinder, and the extension shaft extends into the fixed cylinder and can rotate in the fixed cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a compression spring is further provided in the fixed cylinder, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the flip plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. A bearing is provided on the surface of the lifting plate, and the extension shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting plate through the bearing. A plurality of vertical slide grooves are provided in an array on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and a sliding block matching the slide grooves is provided on the circumference of the lifting plate. The expansion and contraction of the compression spring drives the lifting plate to rise and fall, and when the toothed disc continuously rotates, the cultural relics to be derusted rotate and fluctuate through the first arc slope and the second arc slope.

[0010] Preferably, a driving motor is further provided on the surface of the flip plate, and a gear meshing with a toothed disc is provided at the output end of the driving motor, and the gear meshes with the toothed disc through meshing teeth all the time.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting device includes a bottom limiting device and a surrounding limiting device, the bottom limiting device includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks, one of which is fixed to the surface of the toothed disk, and the other limiting block can slide horizontally through a guide rod, a tension spring is provided between the two limiting blocks, and an outwardly extending portion is provided on the surface of the limiting block, and the limiting block forms a concave cavity for limiting the cultural relics through the extending portion.

[0012] Preferably, the surrounding limiting device includes a lifting bracket fixed on the toothed disc, the lifting bracket is provided with two symmetrically arranged elastic clamps, the elastic clamp includes a first panel and a second panel, the first panel and the second panel overlap and are fixed as a whole, a plurality of independent elastic telescopic rods are arrayed in the second panel, one end of the elastic telescopic rod is provided with a spherical end contacting the cultural relic, and the other end passes through the second panel and is provided with a spring, the first panel is provided with a countersunk hole corresponding to the elastic telescopic rod, the end of the spring is fixed in the countersunk hole, and when the elastic telescopic rod is contracted toward the first panel, the cultural relic is clamped by the tension of the spring.

[0013] Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning machine is further provided with a blow pipe for blowing rust, the blow pipe is spirally fixed in the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the inner circumference of the spiral blow pipe is evenly provided with blow holes, one end of the blow pipe is sealed, and the other end extends outwardly to be connected to the air pump.

[0014] Preferably, a spiral blowing pipe is arranged around the cultural relics to be derusted, and the blowing pipe is in a spring shape or a tower spring shape.

[0015] A rust removal method for an iron cultural relic rust removal device, comprising the following steps: S1: primary device adjustment, a flip plate is rotated to make the support shaft fall into the second semicircular groove, so that the gear disc is on the top; S2: the cultural relic to be rusted is installed, the bottom of the cultural relic is clamped between two limit blocks, and then the height of the lifting bracket is adjusted to make two elastic clamps clamp the two sides of the cultural relic; S3: secondary device adjustment, 180° rotation of the flip plate, so that the support shaft falls into the first semicircular groove, after the rotation, the cultural relic rotates accordingly and is immersed in the cleaning liquid; S4: rust removal, start the drive motor, ultrasonic cleaning machine and external air pump to remove rust from the internal cultural relic; S5: after the rust removal is completed, the device is adjusted three times, and the flip plate is rotated 180° in the opposite direction to make the cultural relic completely leak out; S6: disassemble the cultural relic to be cleaned.

[0016] The invention discloses a device and method for removing rust from iron cultural relics, comprising an ultrasonic cleaning machine and a flip plate on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, wherein the flip plate can flip 180 degrees on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the flip plate is provided with a toothed disc capable of rotating and fluctuating, the surface of the toothed disc is provided with a limiting device for fixing the cultural relics to be removed from rust, the ultrasonic cleaning machine is provided with a cleaning liquid, and the cultural relics to be removed from rust are inverted in the ultrasonic cleaning machine after the flip plate is flipped; compared with the prior art, the device and method for removing rust from iron cultural relics have the beneficial effects of being able to effectively remove rust on the surface of the cultural relics, shortening the rust removal time, and the cultural relics are not easy to loosen and detach during the rust removal process, having strong stability, and being able to effectively ensure the safety of the cultural relics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The partial structure diagram of the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 3 The partial structure diagram of the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 4 The partial structure diagram of the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0021] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder in the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the matching state of the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder in the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limit block in the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.11 The structure of the elastic clamp in the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0028] Fig.12 The structure of the elastic clamp in the rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0029] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blowing hole in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.14 The rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is used in a schematic diagram. Figure 1 .

[0031] Fig.15 The rust removal device for iron cultural relics of the present invention is used in a schematic diagram. Figure 2 .

[0032] In the figure: 1. ultrasonic cleaning machine; 11. bearing seat; 12. first semicircular groove; 13. second semicircular groove; 14. blowing pipe; 15. blowing hole; 2. flip plate; 21. rotating shaft; 22. supporting shaft; 23. driving motor; 24. gear; 25. fixing cylinder; 26. compression spring; 27. lifting plate; 271. slide groove; 272. bearing; 273. first arc slope; 3. toothed disc; 31. rotating cylinder; 32. second arc slope; 33. extension shaft; 34. limiting block; 341. extension part; 342. concave cavity; 35. tension spring; 36. guide rod; 4. lifting bracket; 5. rectangular frame; 6. elastic clamp; 61. first panel; 62. second panel; 63. elastic telescopic rod; 64. spherical end; 65. spring; 66. countersunk hole; 7. cultural relics to be derusted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus only show the components related to the present invention.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 A rust removal device for iron cultural relics comprises an ultrasonic cleaning machine 1 and a flip plate 2 on the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1, wherein the flip plate 2 can flip 180 degrees on the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1, and a toothed disc 3 capable of rotating and fluctuating is provided on the flip plate 2, and a limiting device for fixing the cultural relic 7 to be rust-removed is provided on the surface of the toothed disc 3, and a cleaning liquid is provided in the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1, and after the flip plate 2 is flipped, the cultural relic 7 to be rust-removed is inverted in the ultrasonic cleaning machine.

[0035] That is to say, when the rust-removed cultural relic 7 is to be cleaned and rust-removed, the rust-removed cultural relic 7 is in an inverted state and inserted into the cleaning tank of the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1, and the sound energy of the power ultrasonic frequency source is converted into mechanical vibration by the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic wave is radiated to the cleaning liquid in the tank through the cleaning tank wall, so that the rust attached to the cultural relic falls off, and the rust removal function is achieved; since the flip plate 2 can be flipped 180°, after rust removal and cleaning, the cultural relic is flipped with the flip plate, and after flipping, the cultural relic is placed upright on the toothed disc 2, and the cultural relic can be removed.

[0036] In this embodiment, since the cultural relic is always fixed and limited by the limiting device, no shaking or deviation will occur during the whole process, and the cultural relic is also relatively stable during the flipping process, thereby ensuring the safety of the cultural relic.

[0037] The flip plate 2 is provided with a rotating shaft 21 and a supporting shaft 22 which are arranged through the flip plate 2. The rotating shaft 21 and the supporting shaft 22 are symmetrically arranged in the flip plate 2. The top of the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1 is provided with two groups of bearing seats 11 which cooperate with the rotating shaft 21. The two sides of the bearing seat 11 are symmetrically provided with a first semicircular groove 12 and a second semicircular groove 13 which cooperate with the supporting shaft 22. The rotating shaft 21 is always arranged in the bearing seat 21. When rust removal is performed, the supporting shaft 22 is arranged in the first semicircular groove 2. When rust removal is completed, the supporting shaft 22 is arranged in the second semicircular groove 13. That is to say, the flip plate 2 is turned over by cooperating with the rotating shaft 21 and the bearing seat 11. The establishment of the first semicircular groove 12 and the second semicircular groove 13 is to facilitate the support shaft 22 to abut against, so that the whole is more stable. Please refer to the flip state. Figure 14-15 .

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2-8In this embodiment, a fixed cylinder 25 and a rotating cylinder 31 are provided between the flip plate 2 and the toothed disc 3. One end of the fixed cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the flip plate 2, and the circumference of the other end is provided with a smooth first arc slope 273. One end of the rotating cylinder 31 is coaxially fixedly connected to the toothed disc 3, and the other end is provided with a second arc slope 32 that matches the first arc slope 273. The inner and outer diameters of the fixed cylinder 25 and the rotating cylinder 31 are consistent, and the fixed cylinder 25 and the rotating cylinder 31 are located on the same axis. A fixed extension shaft 33 is provided in the rotating cylinder 31, and the extension shaft 33 extends into the fixed cylinder 25 and can rotate in the fixed cylinder 25.

[0039] Since the rotating cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the toothed disc 3, and the extension shaft 33 is fixed in the rotating cylinder 31, the toothed disc 3 also rotates when the extension shaft rotates; when the toothed disc 3 rotates, the cultural relics to be derusted installed on the toothed disc also rotate accordingly. During the rotation process, the bubbles generated by the high-frequency conversion in the cleaning liquid can impact the rust, thereby improving the rust removal effect.

[0040] Specifically, a compression spring 26 is further provided in the fixed cylinder 25, one end of the compression spring 26 is fixedly connected to the flip plate 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 27. A bearing 272 is provided on the surface of the lifting plate 27, and the extension shaft 33 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 27 through the bearing 272. The inner wall array of the fixed cylinder 25 is provided with a plurality of vertical slide grooves 271, and the circumference of the lifting plate 27 is provided with a slider that cooperates with the slide groove 271. The expansion and contraction of the compression spring 26 drives the lifting plate 27 to rise and fall. When the toothed disc 3 continues to rotate, the cultural relics 7 to be derusted rotate and fluctuate through the first arc slope 273 and the second arc slope 32.

[0041] In this embodiment, the surfaces of the first arc slope 273 and the second arc slope 32 are smooth and matched with each other in a concave-convex manner. In the first arc slope 273 and the second arc slope 32, the sizes of the wave crests and the wave troughs are consistent and are both 6 mm. When the wave crests of the two slopes are in contact, the compression spring is further stretched, and when the two slopes are matched in a concave-convex manner, the compression spring is relatively contracted, and during the process conversion, the lifting plate 27 is vertically lifted and lowered along the slide groove.

[0042] During use, when the first arc slope 273 and the second arc slope 32 are matched in a concave-convex manner, the fixed cylinder 25 is completely in contact with the end face of the rotating cylinder 31, and the rotating cylinder 31 is close to the flip plate 2; when the first arc slope 273 and the second arc slope 32 are in contact at the crest, the rotating cylinder 31 is away from the flip plate; these two states can be continuously converted with the toothed disk 3, so that the toothed disk fluctuates slightly and rises and falls during rotation.

[0043] Please refer to the two states again Figure 8During the rust removal work, the rotating cylinder 31 can form a height difference "h", that is, the rotating cylinder 31 and the toothed disc 3 can slightly rotate and fluctuate on the arc slope. During the rotation and fluctuation process, the compression spring 26 will deform accordingly, driving the cultural relics to rise and fall and rotate; in this process, the lifting and rotation of the cultural relics can produce slight vibrations, which can also shake off the rust while fully contacting the cleaning agent, further improving the rust removal effect.

[0044] As a preferred solution, a driving motor 23 is further provided on the surface of the flip plate 2, and a gear 24 meshing with the toothed disc 3 is provided at the output end of the driving motor 23, and the gear 24 is always meshed with the toothed disc 23 through meshing teeth; at this time, when the driving motor 23 is running, the toothed disc 3 is driven to rotate by the gear 24, and the rotation of the toothed disc 3 drives the rotating cylinder 31 and the extension shaft 33 to rotate. When the rotating cylinder 31 rotates, it rotates and fluctuates through the second arc-shaped slope and the first arc-shaped slope of the fixed cylinder. The height difference formed after the rotation and fluctuation drives the toothed disc and the cultural relics to rise and fall and oscillate, which is convenient for rust to fall off.

[0045] Since the amplitude of the wave crests and wave troughs on the annular slope is small and the fluctuation degree is relatively slight, the gear 24 can always mesh with the toothed disc 3 during rust removal; of course, in order to make the two mesh better, a PLC-controlled cylinder can also be set on the flip plate 2, and the output end of the cylinder drives the drive motor 23 to rise and fall, so that the drive motor 23 and the toothed disc 3 rise and fall synchronously to ensure the meshing effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, the limiting device includes a bottom limiting device and a peripheral limiting device. For details, please refer to Figure 9-12 The bottom limiting device includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks 34, one of which is fixed on the surface of the toothed disc 3, and the other limiting block 34 can slide horizontally through a guide rod 36. A tension spring 35 is provided between the two limiting blocks 34, wherein the tension spring 35 is always in a contracted state to pull one of the limiting blocks 34 closer to clamp the cultural relic; in addition, an outwardly arranged extension portion 341 is provided on the surface of the limiting block 34, and the limiting block 34 forms a concave cavity 342 at the bottom edge of the cultural relic through the extension portion 341.

[0047] Since most of the cultural relic bases are provided with steps, the two limit blocks 34 engage with the bottom of the cultural relic through the concave cavity 342 . After engagement, the two limit blocks 34 are clamped by the tension spring 35 to prevent the cultural relic from escaping from the limit blocks.

[0048] In addition, the surrounding limiting device includes a lifting bracket 4 fixed on the toothed disc 3, and a rectangular frame 5 is provided at the end of the lifting bracket 4. Two symmetrically arranged elastic clamps 6 are provided on the rectangular frame 5. The elastic clamp 6 includes a first panel 61 and a second panel 62. The first panel 61 and the second panel 62 overlap and are fixed as a whole. A plurality of independent elastic telescopic rods 63 are arranged in an array in the second panel 62. One end of the elastic telescopic rod 63 is provided with a spherical end 64 for contacting the cultural relic, and the other end passes through the second panel 62 and is provided with a spring 65. The first panel 61 is provided with a countersunk hole 66 corresponding to the elastic telescopic rod 63, and the end of the spring 65 is fixed in the countersunk hole 66. When the elastic telescopic rod 63 contracts toward the first panel 61, the cultural relic is clamped by the tension of the spring 65.

[0049] Since the multiple elastic telescopic rods 63 are independent, that is, each elastic telescopic rod 63 can be elastically extended independently; therefore, the whole can be applied to cultural relics with irregular shapes.

[0050] Since the outer surface of the cultural relic is uneven, when the two elastic clamps are clamped relative to each other, the elastic telescopic rod 63 in contact with the cultural relic contracts and is pressed against the surface of the cultural relic by the tension of the spring 65, while the elastic telescopic rod 63 not in contact with the cultural relic is in a natural state, which can greatly improve the application range of the clamp and meet the clamping requirements of cultural relics of various shapes.

[0051] When in use, firstly, the bottom of the cultural relic is limited and fixed by the limiting clamp block 34 to keep the cultural relic upright; then, all the elastic telescopic rods 63 in the two elastic clamps are pressed, and after compression, all the elastic telescopic rods 63 are retracted into the first panel 61, and then the pressed elastic telescopic rods 63 are slowly released to make the elastic telescopic rods 63 extend elastically, and the elastic telescopic rods 63 close to the surface of the cultural relic abut against the outer wall of the cultural relic, and those away from the surface of the cultural relic will pop out naturally, which can ensure stable clamping and prevent the cultural relic from falling off.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to further improve the rust removal effect and facilitate the rust to be separated from the cultural relics, a blowing pipe 14 for blowing away the rust is also provided in the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1. Fig.13 The blowing pipe 14 is fixed in the ultrasonic cleaning machine 1 in a spiral shape, and the inner circumference of the spiral blowing pipe 14 is evenly provided with blowing holes 15. One end of the blowing pipe 15 is sealed, and the other end extends outward to be connected to the air pump.

[0053] A spiral blowing pipe 14 is arranged around the bottom of the cultural relic 7 to be derusted. When the cultural relic is turned over, the cultural relic and the blowing pipe do not interfere with each other. The blowing pipe 14 is in the shape of a spring or an inverted tower spring. After the external air pump is running, air is injected into the blowing pipe 14 and then ejected from the blowing hole 15. These air form a large number of bubbles in the cleaning liquid. The bubbles will contact the surface of the cultural relic during the upward floating process, and can wash away the loose rust, which can greatly shorten the rust removal cycle and improve the rust removal effect, with significant effect.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also discloses a rust removal method for an iron cultural relic rust removal device, comprising the following steps: S1: primary device adjustment, the flip plate is rotated so that the support shaft falls into the second semicircular groove, so that the toothed disc is at the top; S2: installing the cultural relic to be rusted, clamping the bottom of the cultural relic between the two limit blocks, and then adjusting the height of the lifting bracket so that the two elastic clamps clamp the two sides of the cultural relic; S3: secondary device adjustment, rotating the flip plate 180°, so that the support shaft falls into the first semicircular groove, and after the rotation, the cultural relic rotates accordingly and is immersed in the cleaning liquid; S4: rust removal, starting the drive motor, ultrasonic cleaning machine and external air pump to remove rust from the internal cultural relics; S5: after the rust removal is completed, adjust the device three times, rotate the flip plate 180° in the opposite direction, so that the cultural relic leaks out completely; S6: disassemble the cultural relic to be cleaned.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A rust removal device for iron cultural relics, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ultrasonic cleaning machine and a flip plate on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, wherein the flip plate can flip 180 degrees on the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the flip plate is provided with a toothed disc capable of rotating and fluctuating, the surface of the toothed disc is provided with a limiting device for fixing the cultural relics to be derusted, the ultrasonic cleaning machine is provided with a cleaning liquid, and the cultural relics to be derusted are inverted in the ultrasonic cleaning machine after the flip plate is flipped.

2. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flip plate is provided with a rotating shaft and a supporting shaft which are arranged through the flip plate, and the rotating shaft and the supporting shaft are symmetrically arranged in the flip plate. The top of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is provided with two groups of bearing seats which cooperate with the rotating shaft, and the two sides of the bearing seats are symmetrically provided with a first semicircular groove and a second semicircular groove which cooperate with the support shaft. The rotating shaft is always arranged in the bearing seat, and the support shaft is arranged in the first semicircular groove or the second semicircular groove.

3. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed cylinder and a rotating cylinder are provided between the flip plate and the toothed disc, one end of the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the flip plate, and the circumference of the other end is provided with a smooth first arc slope surface, one end of the rotating cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the toothed disc, and the other end is provided with a second arc slope surface that matches the first arc slope surface in a concave-convex manner, the inner and outer diameters of the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder are consistent, and the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder are located on the same axis, an extension shaft is provided in the rotating cylinder, and the extension shaft extends into the fixed cylinder and can rotate in the fixed cylinder.

4. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 3, characterized in that: A compression spring is also provided in the fixed cylinder, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the flip plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. A bearing is provided on the surface of the lifting plate, and the extension shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting plate through the bearing. A plurality of vertical slide grooves are provided in an array on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and a slider matching the slide grooves is provided on the circumference of the lifting plate. The expansion and contraction of the compression spring drives the lifting plate to rise and fall, and when the toothed disc continues to rotate, the cultural relics to be derusted rotate and fluctuate through the first arc slope and the second arc slope.

5. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driving motor is also provided on the surface of the flip plate, and a gear meshing with the toothed disc is provided at the output end of the driving motor, and the gear meshes with the toothed disc through meshing teeth all the time.

6. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a bottom limiting device and a surrounding limiting device. The bottom limiting device includes two symmetrically arranged limiting blocks, one of which is fixed on the surface of the toothed disc, and the other limiting block can slide horizontally through a guide rod. A tension spring is arranged between the two limiting blocks. An outwardly arranged extension portion is arranged on the surface of the limiting block, and the limiting block forms a concave cavity for limiting the cultural relics through the extension portion.

7. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding limiting device includes a lifting bracket fixed on the toothed disc, and two symmetrically arranged elastic clamps are arranged on the lifting bracket. The elastic clamp includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel and the second panel overlap and are fixed as a whole. A plurality of independent elastic telescopic rods are arranged in an array in the second panel. One end of the elastic telescopic rod is provided with a spherical end contacting the cultural relic, and the other end passes through the second panel and is provided with a spring. The first panel is provided with a countersunk hole corresponding to the elastic telescopic rod, and the end of the spring is fixed in the countersunk hole. When the elastic telescopic rod is contracted toward the first panel, the cultural relic is clamped by the tension of the spring.

8. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic cleaning machine is also provided with a blowing pipe for blowing rust. The blowing pipe is fixed in the ultrasonic cleaning machine in a spiral shape. The inner circumference of the spiral blowing pipe is evenly provided with blowing holes. One end of the blowing pipe is sealed, and the other end extends outward to be connected to the air pump.

9. The rust removal device for iron cultural relics according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spiral blowing pipe is arranged around the cultural relics to be derusted, and the blowing pipe is in a spring shape or a tower spring shape.

10. A rust removal method for an iron cultural relic rust removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: primary device adjustment, the flip plate is rotated so that the support shaft falls into the second semicircular groove, so that the gear disc is at the top; S2: the cultural relic to be derusted is installed, the bottom of the cultural relic is clamped between the two limit blocks, and then the height of the lifting bracket is adjusted so that the two elastic clamps clamp the two sides of the cultural relic; S3: secondary device adjustment, the flip plate is rotated 180°, so that the support shaft falls into the first semicircular groove, and the cultural relic rotates accordingly and is immersed in the cleaning liquid after the rotation; S4: rust removal, the drive motor, the ultrasonic cleaning machine and the external air pump are started to remove rust from the internal cultural relic; S5: after the rust removal is completed, the device is adjusted three times, and the flip plate is rotated 180° in the opposite direction to make the cultural relic completely leak out; S6: disassembling the cultural relic to be cleaned.

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