Follow-up type external flushing liquid rotary printing electrolytic machining device and method for sheet parts

Abstract

The invention discloses a follow-up type external flushing liquid rotary printing electrolytic machining device and method for sheet parts, and relates to the field of electrolytic machining. Comprising a tool clamp system, a liquid outlet system, an anode workpiece, a cathode tool and a direct-current power source, the anode workpiece and the cathode tool are connected to a machine tool workbench through the tool clamp system, and the cathode tool can synchronously rotate and linearly move along with a machine tool spindle; the liquid outlet system and the machine tool spindle keep consistent linear motion, and electrolyte is sprayed between the anode workpiece and the cathode tool; the anode of the direct-current power supply is connected with the anode workpiece, and the cathode is connected with the cathode tool; the cathode tool is of a revolving body circular ring structure, and a window for insulation treatment is formed in the side wall of the cathode tool. According to the follow-up external liquid flushing rotary printing electrolytic machining method for the thin plate parts, the thinning of the anode workpiece and one-time efficient machining of the surface characteristics are completed by using a follow-up external liquid flushing mode of the cathode tool and the liquid outlet system of the circular ring-shaped rotary body through the specific movement mode of the cathode tool and the anode workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and in particular to a follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrolytic machining device and method for thin plate parts. Background Art

[0002] Thin plate parts are widely used in aerospace, defense industry, automobile industry and other fields. Especially in the aerospace field, the application of thin plate parts can reduce the weight of aircraft, reduce energy consumption and improve its carrying capacity and performance. However, the thin wall features and the design of various reinforcing ribs and mounting holes increase the complexity of the manufacturing process of such low-rigidity parts; on the other hand, due to the particularity of its working environment, it is often made of difficult-to-process materials such as high-strength and high-hardness titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys.

[0003] There are the following disadvantages in traditional milling. First, due to the existence of cutting force, elastic-plastic deformation of the material or tool deflection may occur during the milling process, which makes the processed parts fail to meet the geometric dimensions and form and position tolerance requirements of the design; secondly, due to the lack of rigidity of thin plate parts, chatter is prone to occur during the milling process, which may lead to reduced processing accuracy and surface flatness of the processed surface, affecting the quality and performance of the parts processing; then, since such parts are often made of high-strength materials, this brings difficulties to the traditional processing method based on the principle of "hard against hard". The increase in cutting force not only makes the machine tool bear additional load, but also aggravates the wear of the tool and increases the processing cost; in addition, the thermal shock generated in the processing area, burrs and residual stress after processing all pose challenges to traditional milling.

[0004] As a non-contact special processing method, electrochemical machining is based on the principle of electrochemical anode dissolution, which allows the material on the anode workpiece to be stripped in the form of ions. It is suitable for the processing of any conductive material, especially in difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys or metal gold compounds. In addition, compared with traditional mechanical processing methods, electrochemical machining has the advantages of no cutting force, no thermal impact, no tool wear, no processing stress and burrs. Therefore, based on the shortcomings of traditional processing in the field of thin plates and the advantages of electrochemical processing, it is necessary to design an electrolytic processing device and method for thin plate parts to achieve high-efficiency, high-quality and low-cost processing of thin plate parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for follow-up external liquid flushing rotary electrolytic processing of thin plate parts to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By using a rotating annular cathode tool and a follow-up external liquid flushing method of a liquid outlet system, and utilizing the specific movement mode of the cathode tool and the anode workpiece, the thinning of the anode workpiece and the one-time efficient processing of the surface features of the surface can be completed.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrolytic processing device for thin plate parts, comprising:

[0008] A fixture system, the fixture system comprising a thin plate fixture, a transfer shaft, a cathode tool upper cover plate, and a connector;

[0009] The thin plate fixture is used for positioning and tightening the anode workpiece, and the anode workpiece of the present invention is a thin plate part;

[0010] The adapter shaft is fixed on the machine tool spindle, and the cathode tool is connected to the machine tool spindle through the cathode tool upper cover plate. The cathode tool is located on the same side of the anode workpiece surface to be processed, and the cathode tool can rotate and move linearly synchronously with the machine tool spindle, that is, when the machine tool spindle rotates, it can drive the adapter shaft to rotate synchronously, and then drive the cathode tool to rotate synchronously. When the machine tool spindle moves horizontally following the translation structure of the machine tool, the cathode tool moves horizontally synchronously. The structure of the machine tool and its horizontal movement structure belong to the prior art. For example, a screw nut structure or a cylinder structure can be used, connected to a sliding block, and the machine tool spindle is installed on the sliding block to realize the translation of the machine tool spindle.

[0011] The connecting piece is fixed on the machine tool spindle base, and the machine tool spindle base only moves horizontally and does not rotate with the machine tool spindle. The connecting piece is connected to a liquid outlet system, and the liquid outlet system maintains a consistent linear movement with the machine tool spindle; the liquid outlet system can spray electrolyte between the anode workpiece and the cathode tool, thereby realizing external flushing of liquid during the electrolysis process;

[0012] A direct current power supply, the positive pole of which is connected to the anode workpiece, and the negative pole of which is connected to the cathode tool; the cathode tool is a rotating ring structure, and during the electrolysis process, in addition to linear movement from one end of the anode workpiece to the other end, it is also in a rotating state, thereby realizing rotary electrolytic processing, and the side wall of the cathode tool is provided with groove-shaped windows of different shapes and sizes, and the bottom surface and side wall of the window are insulated to form an insulating window.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a connecting block, and both ends of the thin plate clamp are respectively fixed to the corresponding connecting blocks, and the lower parts of the two connecting blocks are arranged on the workbench of the machine tool.

[0014] Optionally, the connecting part includes a connecting rod and a connecting plate, the horizontally arranged connecting plate is fixed on the machine tool spindle base, and two vertically arranged connecting rods are symmetrically connected at both ends of the connecting plate, and a liquid outlet system is installed on the inner side of each connecting rod; the two liquid outlet systems alternately provide follow-up external flow field liquid supply to the processing area, and the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the busbar closest to the cathode tool in the processing area to the anode workpiece.

[0015] Optionally, the liquid outlet system includes a nozzle assembly installed on the inner side of the connecting rod, and the nozzle assembly is a split structure, including an upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, a lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, a left wall plate of the nozzle assembly, a right wall plate of the nozzle assembly and a flow equalizer. The left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly are symmetrically arranged inclined inward, the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly is sealed at the upper part of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly, and the lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly is sealed at the lower part of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly. The flow equalizer is located in a closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly, and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly; the electrolyte enters the closed space from the circular hole at the front end of the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, flows through the flow equalizer, and flows out from the gap at the end of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting block is a "convex" shaped structure, with four waist-shaped holes at the bottom of the connecting block, which can be fixed on the T-slot of the workbench and can be adjusted in position; two threaded holes are opened on the top of the connecting block for fixing the thin plate clamp.

[0017] Optionally, the thin plate clamp is a rectangular structure with countersunk waist-shaped holes at its four top corners for connecting with the corresponding connecting blocks. An L-shaped groove is provided on the surface of one side of the thin plate clamp for positioning the anode workpiece; a three-quarter circular groove is provided at the top corner of the L-shaped groove to prevent interference with the positioning of the anode workpiece; multiple rows of threaded holes are provided on the L-shaped groove, and bolt structures are arranged in the threaded holes, which can fix the anode workpiece to the L-shaped groove, and multiple rows of threaded holes at different positions can accommodate the clamping of anode workpieces of different lengths.

[0018] Optionally, the connecting plate is a U-shaped plate, and the U-shaped plate has three waist-shaped holes distributed along its U-shaped notch for connecting with the machine tool spindle base, and circular notches are distributed in a circular array at both ends of the U-shaped plate for fixing the connecting rod; the connecting rod can rotate around the center of the circular notch array within a set angle to adjust the electrolyte outlet direction of the nozzle assembly. The set angle is any value within a range of less than 90 degrees.

[0019] Optionally, the flow equalizer divides the interior of the closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the left side wall plate of the nozzle assembly, and the right side wall plate of the nozzle assembly into a front space and a rear space; the flow equalizer includes a flow equalizer plate and a flow column, and the flow equalizer plate and the flow column are welded into an integral structure through a cylinder, the flow equalizer plate is a flat plate with a plurality of through holes, the flow column is a cylinder, and the axis of the flow column is parallel to the line connecting the centers of the plurality of through holes of the flow equalizer plate, after the electrolyte flows through the through holes, it enters the flow column arranged opposite to the through holes, and then flows through the smooth side wall of the flow column; the electrolyte enters the front space of the closed space from the circular hole at the front end of the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, flows through the through holes of the flow equalizer plate and the side wall of the flow column, enters the rear space of the closed space, and flows out from the gap at the end of the left side wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate of the nozzle assembly.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for electrolytic machining of thin plate parts by follow-up external flushing liquid rotary printing, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: The anode workpiece is stationary, and the cathode tool performs tool alignment processing at one end of the anode workpiece so that the two maintain a relative position relationship; the liquid supply valve is opened to supply liquid to the processing area, and the external DC power supply is kept connected so that the cathode tool and the anode workpiece form a closed loop under the action of the external DC power supply and the electrolyte;

[0022] Step 2, start the reversing valve to make one of the nozzle assemblies supply liquid to the processing area. The nozzle assembly is selected based on the liquid supply direction being consistent with the linear velocity direction of the busbar closest to the cathode tool in the processing area from the anode workpiece; the liquid supply time is t1=T0+△t, where T0=L / v, △t is the common liquid supply time of the two sets of nozzle assemblies; the cathode tool rotates at an angular velocity of ω and moves along the anode workpiece at a linear velocity of v, and the size of v satisfies v=ω·R c , R c is the radius of the cathode tool, and its direction is opposite to the linear velocity direction of the busbar of the cathode tool in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece; in the process of the cathode tool moving along the anode workpiece and gradually reaching the other end thereof, electrochemical dissolution reaction occurs at all positions on the surface of the anode workpiece except for the position corresponding to the window of the cathode tool insulation treatment, forming a boss and a reinforcing rib structure on the surface of the anode workpiece;

[0023] Step 3, when the cathode workpiece reaches the endpoint of the other end of the anode workpiece, the processing gap becomes larger due to corrosion and dissolution on the surface of the anode workpiece; to ensure a smaller processing gap, the cathode tool is fed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece, and its size satisfies the following relationship:

[0024]

[0025] Where: L is the length of the anode workpiece, v is the linear velocity of the cathode tool moving along the anode workpiece, η is the current efficiency, ω is the volume electrochemical equivalent of the element, κ is the conductivity of the electrolyte, and E is the electric field intensity at each point on the surface of the anode workpiece;

[0026] Step 4, start the reversing valve, replace another nozzle assembly to supply liquid, the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the cathode tool in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece, that is, in the opposite direction of step 2, and the liquid supply time is t1; at the same time, the cathode tool rotates at an opposite angular velocity of -ω and translates in the opposite direction along the anode workpiece at an opposite linear velocity of -v; as the cathode tool advances, the grid processing depth of the anode workpiece surface is further deepened, and the height of the surface boss and the reinforcing rib increases accordingly;

[0027] Step 5, when the cathode tool moves to the end point of the initial end of the anode workpiece, the cathode tool is fed f in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece as in step 3; a cycle of processing is completed, and it is determined by calculation or measurement whether the anode workpiece meets the design requirements. If not, repeat steps 2 to 5. If it meets the design requirements, continue to step 6;

[0028] Step 6, disconnect the external DC power supply, close the liquid supply valve, move the cathode tool to a safe point, disassemble and obtain the processed anode workpiece, and replace the new anode workpiece blank for the next round of processing.

[0029] Optionally, the cathode tool has a set motion relationship relative to the anode workpiece coordinate system, that is, any point p on the cathode tool is expressed as:

[0030]

[0031] Where: (x(t), y(t)) represents the coordinates of any point p on the cathode tool at time t in the anode workpiece coordinate system, R c represents the radius of the cathode tool, α represents the angle between the line connecting the point and the center of the circle at time 0 and the y-axis of the anode workpiece coordinate system, ω represents the angular velocity of the cathode tool, v represents the moving speed of the cathode tool along the anode workpiece, and H a is the thickness of the anode workpiece, G0 is the initial gap between the cathode tool and the anode workpiece, f is the feed speed of the cathode tool, and i is the number of reciprocating times of the cathode tool.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0033] The present invention provides a new option for the processing of thin plate parts, especially difficult-to-process materials. The processing scheme provided by the present invention does not have cutting force, thermal shock, etc. during the processing process, so the processing accuracy will not be reduced due to factors such as chatter, elastic-plastic deformation, etc. The processed parts do not have defects such as residual stress, burrs, thermal burns, etc., and the processing quality is good without the need for post-processing procedures. The cathode tool has no loss during the processing process and can be reused, which has good economy and practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a general assembly diagram of a follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrolytic processing device for thin plate parts of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a connection block in the fixture system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a thin plate fixture in the fixture of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a connecting plate in the fixture of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cathode tool according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a nozzle assembly in the liquid outlet system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A 1 / 4 cross-sectional view of a nozzle assembly in the liquid outlet system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrolytic machining method for thin plate parts of the present invention.

[0043] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. Machine tool worktable; 2. Connecting block; 3. Thin plate fixture; 4. Anode workpiece; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Machine tool spindle base; 8. Nozzle assembly; 9. Connecting shaft; 10. Cathode tool upper cover plate; 11. Cathode tool; 12. Nozzle assembly upper cover plate; 13. Left side wall plate of nozzle assembly; 14. Flow equalizer; 15. Right side wall plate of nozzle assembly; 16. Lower cover plate of nozzle assembly; 17. DC power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for follow-up external liquid flushing rotary electrolytic processing of thin plate parts to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By using a rotating annular cathode tool and a follow-up external liquid flushing method of a liquid outlet system, and utilizing the specific movement mode of the cathode tool and the anode workpiece, the thinning of the anode workpiece and the one-time efficient processing of the surface features of the surface can be completed.

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 7 The present invention provides a thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrolytic processing device, which mainly includes a tooling fixture system, a liquid outlet system, an anode workpiece 4, a cathode tool 11 and a DC power supply 17;

[0048] The fixture system includes a connecting block 2, a thin plate fixture 3, a transfer shaft 9, a cathode tool upper cover plate 10, a connecting plate 6 and a connecting rod 5; the liquid outlet system includes at least but not limited to two mirror-symmetrical nozzle assemblies 8, which are set as nozzle assembly A and nozzle assembly B. The nozzle assembly 8 is a split structure, including a nozzle assembly upper cover plate 12, a nozzle assembly lower cover plate 16, a nozzle assembly left side wall plate 13, a nozzle assembly right side wall plate 15 and a flow equalizer 14; the cathode tool 11 is a rotating body structure, on which grooves of different shapes and sizes are opened, and the inner wall and inner side wall of the groove are insulated to form an insulating groove. The anode workpiece of the present invention is a length of L and a thickness of H. a The cathode tool 11 is a rotating ring structure with a radius R c The length L of the anode workpiece 4 satisfies the following relationship: L = 2πR c, there are groove-shaped windows of different shapes and sizes, and the bottom and side walls of the windows are insulated, and the cathode tool 11 is connected to the negative pole of the external DC power supply 17. During the processing, the anode workpiece 4 remains stationary, while the cathode tool 11 moves purely in rolling motion along the surface of the anode workpiece 4 and feeds the anode workpiece 4. The liquid outlet system uses a follow-up external flushing method to alternately supply liquid, ensuring that the electrolyte in the processing area has a uniform and high-speed flow state, effectively taking away the processing products and heat, and has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost.

[0049] The liquid outlet system of this embodiment includes a nozzle assembly 8 installed on the inner side of the connecting rod 5. The nozzle assembly 8 is a split structure, including an upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly, a lower cover plate 16 of the nozzle assembly, a left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly, a right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly and a flow equalizer 14. The left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly are arranged symmetrically toward the inside. The upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly is sealed and arranged on the upper part of the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly. The lower cover plate 16 of the nozzle assembly is sealed and arranged on the lower part of the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly. The upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate 16 of the nozzle assembly, the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly form a closed space. The closed space has a gap for liquid outlet only at the ends of the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly. The front end of the upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly has a circular hole for liquid inlet, and the circular hole is connected through a liquid inlet pipe and a water pump. The structure is an external liquid storage device, which is a prior art structure. The flow equalizer 14 is located in a closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate 16 of the nozzle assembly, the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly, and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly; the flow equalizer 14 divides the closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate 16 of the nozzle assembly, the left side wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly, and the right side wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly into a front space and a rear space; the flow equalizer 14 includes a flow equalizer plate and a flow column The flow equalizing plate and the flow column are welded into an integral structure through a cylinder. The flow equalizing plate is a flat plate with multiple through holes, and the flow column is a cylinder, and the axis of the flow column is parallel to the line connecting the centers of the multiple through holes of the flow equalizing plate. The electrolyte enters the front space of the enclosed space from the circular hole at the front end of the upper cover plate 12 of the nozzle assembly, flows through the through holes of the flow equalizing plate and the side walls of the flow column, enters the rear space of the enclosed space, and flows out from the gap at the end of the left wall plate 13 of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate 15 of the nozzle assembly.

[0050] Before processing, the various components need to be assembled to ensure that the cathode tool 11 and the anode workpiece 4 have a relative positional relationship. The cathode tool 11 has a set motion relationship relative to the anode workpiece 4 coordinate system, that is, any point p on the cathode tool 11 is expressed as:

[0051]

[0052] Where: (x(t), y(t)) represents the coordinates of any point p on the cathode tool at time t in the anode workpiece 4 coordinate system, R c represents the radius of the cathode tool, α represents the angle between the line connecting the point and the center of the circle at time 0 and the y-axis of the coordinate system of the anode workpiece 4, ω represents the angular velocity of the cathode tool 11, v represents the moving speed of the cathode tool 11 along the anode workpiece 4, H a is the thickness of the anode workpiece 4, G0 is the initial gap between the cathode tool 11 and the anode workpiece 4, f represents the feed speed of the cathode tool 11, and i represents the number of reciprocating times of the cathode tool 11.

[0053] During installation, first, the "convex"-shaped connection block 2 is fixed to the T-slot of the machine tool worktable 1 through the four waist-shaped holes opened in its lower part; then, the thin plate fixture 3 is fixed to the screw hole on the side of the connection block 2 by screws, the anode workpiece 4 is positioned through the L-shaped groove on the thin plate fixture, and the screws are passed through the through holes at the four top corners to fix it and connect it to the positive pole of the external DC power supply 17. Secondly, the connection plate 6 is connected to the machine tool spindle base 7 through the three waist-shaped holes around the U-shaped notch of the U-shaped plate, the upper end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the circular notches of the circumferential array on both sides of the connection plate 6 by screws, and the lower end is connected to the nozzle assembly 8; finally, one end of the connecting shaft 9 is fixed to the machine tool spindle, and the other end connects the cathode tool 11 to the machine tool spindle through the cathode tool upper cover plate 10, and the machine tool spindle is connected to the negative pole of the external DC power supply, that is, the cathode tool 11 is connected to the negative pole of the external DC power supply.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 The present invention provides a method for electrochemical machining of thin plate parts by follow-up external flushing liquid rotary printing, and its specific implementation method includes the following process:

[0055] Step 1, the anode workpiece 4 is stationary, and the cathode tool 11 performs tool alignment processing at one end of the anode workpiece 4 (set as end point a) so that the two maintain a relative position relationship; open the liquid supply valve to supply liquid to the processing area, keep the external DC power supply 17 connected, so that the cathode tool 11 and the anode workpiece 4 form a closed loop under the action of the external DC power supply 17 and the electrolyte;

[0056] Step 2, start the reversing valve to make one of the nozzle assemblies 8 (set as nozzle assembly A) supply liquid to the processing area. The selection basis of the nozzle assembly 8 is that the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the busbar of the cathode tool 11 in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece 4; the liquid supply time is t1=T0+△t, where T0=L / v, △t is the common liquid supply time of the two groups of nozzle assemblies 8, so as to ensure that the processing area will not be insufficiently supplied with liquid when the liquid is alternately supplied; the cathode tool 11 rotates at an angular velocity of ω, and moves along the anode workpiece 4 at a linear velocity of v, and the size of v satisfies v=ω·R c, the direction is opposite to the linear velocity direction of the busbar of the cathode tool 11 in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece 4, that is, it moves from the end point a of the anode workpiece 4 to the end point b of the anode workpiece 4; in the process that the cathode tool 11 moves along the anode workpiece 4 and gradually reaches its end point b, the surface of the anode workpiece 4 except for the place corresponding to the insulating window of the cathode tool 11 undergoes electrochemical dissolution reaction, and a boss and reinforcing rib structure of a certain height are formed on the surface of the anode workpiece 4;

[0057] Step 3, when the cathode workpiece 11 reaches the end point b of the anode workpiece 4, the processing gap becomes larger due to corrosion and dissolution on the surface of the anode workpiece 4; to ensure a smaller processing gap, the cathode tool 11 is fed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece 4, and its size satisfies the following relationship:

[0058]

[0059] Wherein: L is the length of the anode workpiece 4, v is the linear velocity of the cathode tool 11 moving along the anode workpiece 4, η is the current efficiency, ω is the volume electrochemical equivalent of the element, κ is the conductivity of the electrolyte, and E is the electric field intensity at each point on the surface of the anode workpiece 4;

[0060] Step 4, start the reversing valve, replace another nozzle assembly 8 (nozzle assembly B) to supply liquid, the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the cathode tool 11 in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece 4, that is, in the opposite direction of step 2, and the liquid supply time is t1; at the same time, the cathode tool 11 rotates at an opposite angular velocity of -ω, and moves horizontally from the end point b to the end point a of the anode workpiece 4 at an opposite linear velocity of -v; as the cathode tool 11 advances, the grid processing depth of the surface of the anode workpiece 4 is further deepened, and the height of the surface boss and the reinforcing rib increases accordingly;

[0061] Step 5, when the cathode tool 11 moves to the end point a of the anode workpiece 4, the cathode tool 11 is fed f in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece 4, as in step 3; a cycle of processing is completed, and it is determined by calculation or measurement whether the anode workpiece 4 meets the design requirements. If not, repeat steps 2 to 5. If it meets the design requirements, continue to step 6;

[0062] Step 6, disconnect the external DC power supply 17, close the liquid supply valve, move the cathode tool 11 to a safe point, disassemble and obtain the processed anode workpiece 4, replace the new anode workpiece blank and proceed to the next round of processing.

[0063] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device for thin plate parts, characterized in that: include: A fixture system, the fixture system comprising a thin plate fixture, a transfer shaft, a cathode tool upper cover plate, and a connector; The thin plate fixture is used for positioning and tightening the anode workpiece; The adapter shaft is fixed on the machine tool spindle, and the cathode tool is connected to the machine tool spindle through the cathode tool upper cover plate, the cathode tool is located on the same side of the anode workpiece to be processed, and the cathode tool can rotate and move linearly synchronously with the machine tool spindle; The connecting piece is fixed on the machine tool spindle base, and the connecting piece is connected to a liquid outlet system, and the liquid outlet system maintains a consistent linear motion with the machine tool spindle; the liquid outlet system can spray electrolyte between the anode workpiece and the cathode tool; A DC power supply, the positive pole of which is connected to the anode workpiece, and the negative pole of which is connected to the cathode tool; the cathode tool is a rotating ring structure, and its side wall is provided with groove-shaped windows of different shapes and sizes, and the bottom surface and side wall of the window are insulated.

2. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a connecting block, both ends of the thin plate fixture are respectively fixed on the corresponding connecting blocks, and the lower parts of the two connecting blocks are arranged on the machine tool workbench.

3. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting part includes a connecting rod and a connecting plate. The horizontally arranged connecting plate is fixed on the spindle base of the machine tool. Two vertically arranged connecting rods are symmetrically connected at both ends of the connecting plate. A liquid outlet system is installed on the inner side of each connecting rod. The two liquid outlet systems alternately provide follow-up external flow field liquid supply to the processing area, and the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the busbar closest to the cathode tool in the processing area and the anode workpiece.

4. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The liquid outlet system includes a nozzle assembly installed on the inner side of the connecting rod. The nozzle assembly is a split structure, including an upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, a lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, a left wall plate of the nozzle assembly, a right wall plate of the nozzle assembly and a flow equalizer. The left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly are tilted inward and symmetrically arranged. The upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly is sealed and arranged on the upper part of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly. The lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly is sealed and arranged on the lower part of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly. The flow equalizer is located in a closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly; the electrolyte enters the closed space from the circular hole at the front end of the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, flows through the flow equalizer, and flows out from the gap at the end of the left wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right wall plate of the nozzle assembly.

5. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting block is a "convex" shaped structure, and four waist-shaped holes are opened at the bottom of the connecting block. The waist-shaped holes can be fixed on the T-slot of the workbench and can be adjusted in position; two threaded holes are opened at the top of the connecting block for fixing the thin plate clamp.

6. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The thin plate clamp is a rectangular structure with countersunk waist-shaped holes at its four top corners for connecting with the corresponding connecting blocks. An L-shaped groove is provided on the surface of one side of the thin plate clamp for positioning the anode workpiece; a three-quarter circular groove is provided at the top corner of the L-shaped groove to prevent interference in the positioning of the anode workpiece; and multiple rows of threaded holes are provided on the L-shaped groove to accommodate the clamping of anode workpieces of different lengths.

7. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting plate is a U-shaped plate, and three waist-shaped holes are distributed along the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped plate, which is used to be connected to the spindle base of the machine tool. Circular grooves are distributed in a circular array at both ends of the U-shaped plate, which are used to fix the connecting rod; the connecting rod can rotate around the center of the array of circular grooves within a set angle to adjust the electrolyte outlet direction of the nozzle assembly.

8. The thin plate parts follow-up external flushing liquid rotary electrochemical processing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flow equalizer divides the interior of the closed space surrounded by the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the lower cover plate of the nozzle assembly, the left side wall plate of the nozzle assembly, and the right side wall plate of the nozzle assembly into a front space and a rear space; the flow equalizer includes a flow equalizer plate and a flow column, and the flow equalizer plate and the flow column are welded into an integral structure through a cylinder, the flow equalizer plate is a flat plate with multiple through holes, the flow column is a cylinder, and the axis of the flow column is parallel to the line connecting the centers of the multiple through holes of the flow equalizer plate; the electrolyte enters the front space of the closed space from the circular hole at the front end of the upper cover plate of the nozzle assembly, flows through the through holes of the flow equalizer plate and the side walls of the flow column, enters the rear space of the closed space, and flows out from the gap at the end of the left side wall plate of the nozzle assembly and the right side wall plate of the nozzle assembly.

9. A method for electrochemical machining of thin plate parts by follow-up external flushing liquid rotary printing, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The anode workpiece is stationary, and the cathode tool performs tool alignment processing at one end of the anode workpiece so that the two maintain a relative position relationship; the liquid supply valve is opened to supply liquid to the processing area, and the external DC power supply is kept connected so that the cathode tool and the anode workpiece form a closed loop under the action of the external DC power supply and the electrolyte; Step 2, start the reversing valve to make one of the nozzle assemblies supply liquid to the processing area. The nozzle assembly is selected based on the liquid supply direction being consistent with the linear velocity direction of the busbar closest to the cathode tool in the processing area from the anode workpiece; the liquid supply time is t1=T0+△t, where T0=L / v, △t is the common liquid supply time of the two sets of nozzle assemblies; the cathode tool rotates at an angular velocity of ω and moves along the anode workpiece at a linear velocity of v, and the size of v satisfies v=ω·R c , R c is the radius of the cathode tool, and its direction is opposite to the linear velocity direction of the busbar of the cathode tool in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece; in the process of the cathode tool moving along the anode workpiece and gradually reaching the other end thereof, electrochemical dissolution reaction occurs at all positions on the surface of the anode workpiece except for the position corresponding to the window of the cathode tool insulation treatment, forming a boss and a reinforcing rib structure on the surface of the anode workpiece; Step 3, when the cathode workpiece reaches the endpoint of the other end of the anode workpiece, the processing gap becomes larger due to corrosion and dissolution on the surface of the anode workpiece; to ensure a smaller processing gap, the cathode tool is fed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece, and its size satisfies the following relationship: Where: L is the length of the anode workpiece, v is the linear velocity of the cathode tool moving along the anode workpiece, η is the current efficiency, ω is the volume electrochemical equivalent of the element, κ is the conductivity of the electrolyte, and E is the electric field intensity at each point on the surface of the anode workpiece; Step 4, start the reversing valve, replace another nozzle assembly to supply liquid, the liquid supply direction is consistent with the linear velocity direction of the cathode tool in the processing area closest to the anode workpiece, that is, in the opposite direction of step 2, and the liquid supply time is t1; at the same time, the cathode tool rotates at an opposite angular velocity of -ω and translates in the opposite direction along the anode workpiece at an opposite linear velocity of -v; as the cathode tool advances, the grid processing depth of the anode workpiece surface is further deepened, and the height of the surface boss and the reinforcing rib increases accordingly; Step 5, when the cathode tool moves to the end point of the initial end of the anode workpiece, the cathode tool is fed f in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode workpiece as in step 3; a cycle of processing is completed, and it is determined by calculation or measurement whether the anode workpiece meets the design requirements. If not, repeat steps 2 to 5. If it meets the design requirements, continue to step 6; Step 6, disconnect the external DC power supply, close the liquid supply valve, move the cathode tool to a safe point, disassemble and obtain the processed anode workpiece, and replace the new anode workpiece blank for the next round of processing.

10. The method for electrochemical machining of thin plate parts by follow-up external flushing liquid rotary printing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cathode tool has a set motion relationship relative to the anode workpiece coordinate system, that is, any point p on the cathode tool is expressed as: Where: (x(t), y(t)) represents the coordinates of any point p on the cathode tool at time t in the anode workpiece coordinate system, R c represents the radius of the cathode tool, α represents the angle between the line connecting the point and the center of the circle at time 0 and the y-axis of the anode workpiece coordinate system, ω represents the angular velocity of the cathode tool, v represents the moving speed of the cathode tool along the anode workpiece, and H a is the thickness of the anode workpiece, G0 is the initial gap between the cathode tool and the anode workpiece, f is the feed speed of the cathode tool, and i is the number of reciprocating times of the cathode tool.

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