Preparation method of metal composite plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal composite plate preparation, and provides a metal composite plate preparation method which comprises the steps that a first metal plate and a second metal plate are stacked, and a first to-be-welded interface is formed by the first metal plate and the second metal plate; performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first to-be-welded interface in the width direction of the first metal plate to form a line molten pool, and pressing the line molten pool; and along the length direction of the first to-be-welded interface, high-frequency laser line scanning is carried out for many times to form a plurality of line molten pools, and the line molten pools are pressed, so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first to-be-welded interface are combined. According to the preparation method of the metal composite plate, the metal plate can be continuously welded to form the metal composite plate by performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first to-be-welded interface edge and pressing the edge-to-line molten pool, and the interface of the metal composite plate is not prone to cracking, warping and the like, so that the preparation efficiency of the metal composite plate is improved, and the production cost is reduced. And meanwhile, the preparation quality of the metal composite plate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal composite plate preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a metal composite plate. Background Art

[0002] Metal composite plates are made of two layers of heterogeneous metals that are laminated together through special processing to achieve interface metallurgical bonding. Some metal resources such as Ti, Cr, Ni, etc. have excellent corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high strength, wear resistance and good biocompatibility, but the high price and limited resources limit the widespread application of these materials. Therefore, the preparation of heterogeneous metal composite plates has gradually become a hot topic. At present, the most widely used methods for preparing metal composite plates are explosion welding, rolling, and explosion-rolling composite methods.

[0003] (1) Explosive welding method: This method is to clean the metal layers to be composited and stack them up, lay explosives on the top layer of the metal plate, and use the high temperature and shock wave generated by the explosion of the explosives to extrude, deform, fit and diffuse the metal plates to achieve interface bonding. The advantages of explosive welding are: low cost, relatively simple process, and no need for complex equipment. However, the disadvantages of explosive welding are also prominent: the noise and smoke generated by the explosion pollute the environment; the interface of the composite plate is generally wavy, and the interface bonding is uneven; the size is limited, it is suitable for small-sized thick composite plates, and cannot produce large-sized thin plates; single-piece production, cannot achieve continuous production, and low production efficiency.

[0004] (2) Rolling method: This method uses the pressure of the roller to cause the metal to deform violently. Usually, the material needs to be preheated. Under the dual effects of temperature and pressure, the mutual diffusion between metal atoms is promoted to achieve interface metallurgical bonding. Advantages of the rolling method: continuous production, high efficiency; wide production range, large-size plates can be processed; uniform interface, high surface quality. However, there are also unavoidable disadvantages: interface anti-oxidation treatment is required before hot rolling, and active metals such as Ti and Al need to be sealed in a vacuum environment, which increases the processing cycle and cost. At the same time, preheating treatment increases energy consumption; cold rolling requires high-power rolling equipment to achieve large deformation rolling, and the workpiece is prone to interface cracking or edge cracking and warping.

[0005] (3) Explosion-rolling composite method: This method is to first prepare the metal composite plate blank by explosion welding, and then prepare it into a composite plate of the required thickness by hot rolling or cold rolling. Although this method does not require pre-treatment before rolling, it also has the defects of explosion welding, and cannot be produced continuously, has low efficiency, and has high equipment cost. Based on this, providing a new method for preparing metal composite plates has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a method for preparing a metal composite plate, which is used to solve the defects in the prior art that an explosion welding method and an explosion-rolling composite method cannot produce continuously, and a rolling method workpiece is prone to interface cracking or edge cracking and warping.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a metal composite plate, comprising: stacking a first metal plate and a second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded; performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first interface to be welded along the width direction of the first metal plate to form a line molten pool, and pressing the line molten pool; performing high-frequency laser line scanning multiple times along the length direction of the first interface to be welded to form multiple line molten pools and pressing them, so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded are combined between the plates.

[0008] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the step of performing high-frequency laser line scanning multiple times along the length direction of the first interface to be welded to form multiple line molten pools and pressing them together so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded can achieve plate-to-plate bonding includes: at the first interface to be welded, performing high-frequency laser line scanning along the first bonding line between the first metal plate and the second metal plate to form a first line molten pool, pressing the first line molten pool to combine the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first bonding line; at the first interface to be welded, performing high-frequency laser line scanning along the second bonding line between the first metal plate and the second metal plate to form a second line molten pool, pressing the second line molten pool to combine the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the second bonding line; repeating the above steps until the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded are completely welded.

[0009] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the first interface to be welded is subjected to high-frequency laser line scanning along the width direction of the first metal plate to form a linear molten pool, and the step of pressing the linear molten pool includes: arranging a pressure device on one side of the first metal plate, or on both sides of the first metal plate and the second metal plate; when welding the first interface to be welded, controlling the pressure device or the first metal plate and the second metal plate to move.

[0010] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the preparation method comprises: setting the pressure device on one side of the first metal plate; when welding the first interface to be welded, controlling the pressure device to roll along the first metal plate, and at the same time, controlling the laser source to move synchronously with the pressure device.

[0011] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the preparation method comprises: arranging a pair of pressure devices on both sides of the first metal plate and the second metal plate opposite to each other; when welding the first interface to be welded, controlling the pair of pressure devices to rotate simultaneously to drive the first metal plate and the second metal plate to move.

[0012] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the step of stacking a first metal plate and a second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, comprises: stacking a first end of the first metal plate and a first end of the second metal plate; and bending at least one of the second end of the first metal plate and the second end of the second metal plate to form the first V-shaped structure.

[0013] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the method further includes: after welding the second end of the first metal plate and the second end of the second metal plate, bending at least one of the first end of the first metal plate and the first end of the second metal plate to form a second V-shaped structure, wherein the second V-shaped structure is a second interface to be welded; and performing high-frequency laser scanning on the second interface to be welded while pressing the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the second interface to be welded to achieve inter-plate bonding.

[0014] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, the opening angle of the first V-shaped structure is 45°-120°.

[0015] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, before the step of stacking a first metal plate and a second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, the method further comprises: setting a laser spot of the laser beam to 50 μm to 200 μm and a power density of 5.0×10 6 W / cm 2 ~5.0×10 8 W / cm 2 , scanning frequency ≥50 Hz.

[0016] According to a method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention, before the step of stacking a first metal plate and a second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, the preparation method further includes: setting a unit length pressure of the first interface to be welded to 2 N / mm~100 N / mm.

[0017] The method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by the present invention can continuously weld metal plates by performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the edge of a first interface to be welded and pressing the line molten pool, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the metal composite plate; the interface of the composite plate will not form a wave shape, and the interface of the metal composite plate is not prone to cracking, warping and other problems, thereby improving the preparation quality of the metal composite plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a principle diagram of the method for preparing the metal composite plate provided by the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. First metal plate; 2. Second metal plate; 3. Laser source; 4. Pressure device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Combine the following Figure 1 The method for preparing the metal composite plate of the present invention is described.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the metal composite plate includes the following steps: step 100, stacking the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2, so that the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 form a first V-shaped structure, and the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded; step 200, performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first interface to be welded, and pressing the line molten pool, and repeating this process to achieve inter-plate bonding between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the first interface to be welded.

[0024] Specifically, when welding two metal plates of different materials into a composite metal plate, first stack the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2, wherein one end of the first metal plate 1 and / or one end of the second metal plate 2 are bent to form a first V-shaped structure between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2, and the first V-shaped structure is the first interface to be welded. The laser source 3 is arranged relative to the first interface to be welded, and the focused spot emitted by the laser source 3 performs high-frequency laser line scanning along the bonding line between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2. The high-energy-density laser performs line scanning along the bonding line, which can quickly melt the surface materials of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 relative to each other to form a line molten pool, and then the line molten pool is pressed together to use pressure to weld the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the bonding line. Afterwards, the laser source 3 continues to perform high-frequency laser line scanning on the new bonding line of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2, and the high-energy-density laser forms a line molten pool along the bonding line, and then the line molten pool is pressed again to use pressure to weld the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the new bonding line. The above method is repeated until the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the first interface to be welded are completely welded, and the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are bonded to each other.

[0025] It should be noted that: in the embodiment of the present invention, the laser beam emitted by the laser source 3 is obtained by a focusing lens and a scanning device to obtain a finely focused high-frequency scanning beam. The focus spot diameter of the finely focused high-frequency scanning beam is 50 μm to 200 μm, and the power density is 5.0×10 6 W / cm 2 ~5.0×10 8 W / cm 2 , scanning frequency ≥ 50 Hz. When the finely focused high-frequency scanning beam performs high-frequency scanning on the bonding line, the surface materials of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 can be quickly heated and melted, and then the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are welded together by pressure. In this embodiment, the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 can be the same heterogeneous plates, such as the first metal plate 1 is a pure aluminum plate and the second metal plate 2 is an aluminum alloy plate; they can also be metal plates of different materials, such as the first metal plate 1 is an aluminum plate and the second metal plate 2 is a copper plate.

[0026] In this embodiment, the opening angle of the first V-shaped structure is 45°-120°.

[0027] The method for preparing a metal composite plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention can continuously weld metal plates by performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the edge of the first interface to be welded and pressing the line molten pool, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the metal composite plate; the interface of the composite plate will not form a wavy shape, and the interface of the metal composite plate is not prone to cracking, warping and other problems, thereby improving the preparation quality of the metal composite plate.

[0028] Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first interface to be welded to form a line molten pool, pressing the line molten pool, and repeating this process to achieve inter-plate bonding between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the first interface to be welded include: At the first interface to be welded, a high-frequency laser line scan is performed along the first bonding line between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 to form a first line molten pool at the first bonding line. After the high-frequency laser line scan, the first line molten pool is pressed to combine the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the first bonding line. At this time, the new bonding point between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 is the second bonding line. The second bonding line is scanned by a high-frequency laser line to form a second line molten pool. The second line molten pool is pressed to combine the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the second bonding line. Repeating the above steps, the first interface to be welded between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 can be combined into a metal composite plate by pressing N line molten pools along the length direction of the first interface to be welded.

[0029] The method for preparing a metal composite plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention forms N linear molten pools along the length direction of a first interface to be welded, and presses the linear molten pools when each linear molten pool is formed, so that the surface of the formed metal composite plate is smooth and the welding is uniform, thereby improving the preparation quality of the metal composite plate.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, for thinner plates, the raw materials of the thinner metal plates are usually set in coils. The coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2 are respectively mounted on the rotating shaft so that the coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2 can rotate when one end of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are pulled. The first end of the first metal plate 1 and the first end of the second metal plate 2 are overlapped to form a bonding line. There is a certain distance between the coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2, thereby forming a V-shaped structure. High-frequency laser scanning and pressing are performed along the first V-shaped structure to prepare a metal composite plate that meets the required length.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, for a plate having a relatively thick thickness, the plate having a relatively thick thickness is generally in the form of a sheet. The first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 can be cut according to the length of the metal composite plate to be prepared, and the center line of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 is used as the starting line, and the first end of the first metal plate 1 and the first end of the second metal plate 2 are overlapped, and at least one of the second end of the first metal plate 1 and the second end of the second metal plate 2 is bent to form a first V-shaped structure, and after the first V-shaped structure is welded, at least one of the first end of the first metal plate 1 and the first end of the second metal plate 2 is bent to form a second V-shaped structure, and the second V-shaped structure is subjected to high-frequency laser line scanning while the line molten pool is pressed together to weld the first end of the first metal plate 1 and the first end of the second metal plate 2.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, a high-frequency laser line scan is performed on the first interface to be welded to form a line molten pool, and the line molten pool is pressed, and this is repeated to achieve inter-plate bonding between the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the first interface to be welded. The step also includes: a pressure device 4 is set on one side of the first metal plate 1, or on both sides of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2; when welding the first interface to be welded, the pressure device 4 or the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are controlled to move.

[0033] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, when welding the first interface to be welded, the pressure device 4 can be controlled to move to press the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 together; the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 can also be controlled to move to press the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 together.

[0034] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure device 4 may be provided on one side of the first metal plate 1, and the second metal plate 2 may be provided on the platform. At this time, the first metal plate 1 may be bent to form a V-shaped structure with the second metal plate 2. When welding the V-shaped structure, the laser source 3 performs a high-frequency laser line scan on the bonding line, and each time a line molten pool is formed, the pressure device 4 rolls forward to press the line molten pool, so that the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are welded at the bonding line. Accordingly, when the pressure device 4 moves forward, the laser source 3 moves forward synchronously with the pressure device 4, so that the distance between the laser source 3 and the bonding line is always equal, thereby ensuring the consistency and uniformity of the weld.

[0035] Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, a pair of pressure devices 4 may be arranged on both sides of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2. In this case, the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 may be bent to form a V-shaped structure. When welding the V-shaped structure, the laser performs a high-frequency laser line scan on the bonding line. Each time a line molten pool is formed, the pressure device 4 rotates to drive the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 to move backward. The pressure device 4 presses the line molten pool to weld the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 at the bonding line. In this embodiment, the pressure device 4 rotates in situ to drive the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 to move to press the line molten pool. The laser source 3 does not need to be moved, and the operation is more convenient.

[0036] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure per unit length of the pressure device 4 on the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 is 2 N / mm-100 N / mm, and the pressure device 4 can be a pressure roller or the like.

[0037] The specific operation steps of the method for preparing the metal composite plate provided by the present invention are described in detail below with a specific embodiment: For example, the material of the first metal plate 1 is T2 copper, the material of the second metal plate 2 is 1060 aluminum alloy, the thickness of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are both 1.5 mm, and the width is 200 mm: Since the thickness of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 is relatively thin, the raw materials of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are usually provided in a coil. The coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shaft, so that the coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2 can rotate when one end of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 are pulled.

[0038] The first end of the first metal plate 1 and the first end of the second metal plate 2 are stacked, and a pair of pressure devices 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 to fit and press the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 2 together to form a fitting line. There is a certain distance between the coil of the first metal plate 1 and the coil of the second metal plate 2, thereby forming a V-shaped structure.

[0039] The laser emits a finely focused high-frequency scanning laser beam with a focus spot diameter of 100 μm and a power density of 7.64×10 7 W / cm 2, the scanning frequency is 90 Hz. The beam directly acts on the surface of the material of the copper / aluminum dissimilar metal plate to be welded in a V-shaped structure, and performs high-frequency line scanning on it, so that the surface material is quickly heated and melted. At the same time, the pressure device 4 applies a pressure of 4000 N to the area to be welded. When the pressure device 4 rotates, it drives the copper / aluminum metal composite plate to translate backward at a speed of 1 m / min, realizing large-scale and efficient welding of copper / aluminum dissimilar metal composite plates.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a metal composite plate, characterized in that: include: Stacking a first metal plate and a second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded; Performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first interface to be welded along the width direction of the first metal plate to form a line molten pool, and pressing the line molten pool; High-frequency laser line scanning is performed multiple times along the length direction of the first interface to be welded to form multiple line molten pools and press them together to achieve inter-plate bonding between the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded.

2. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing high-frequency laser line scanning multiple times along the length direction of the first interface to be welded to form multiple line molten pools and pressing them together to achieve inter-plate bonding between the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded comprises: At the first interface to be welded, high-frequency laser line scanning is performed along a first bonding line between the first metal plate and the second metal plate to form a first line molten pool, and the first line molten pool is pressed to bond the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first bonding line; At the first interface to be welded, high-frequency laser line scanning is performed along a second bonding line between the first metal plate and the second metal plate to form a second line molten pool, and the second line molten pool is pressed to bond the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the second bonding line; Repeat the above steps until the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the first interface to be welded are completely welded.

3. The method for preparing the metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing high-frequency laser line scanning on the first interface to be welded along the width direction of the first metal plate to form a line molten pool, and pressing the line molten pool comprises: A pressure device is provided on one side of the first metal plate, or on both sides of the first metal plate and the second metal plate; When welding the first interface to be welded, the pressure device or the first metal plate and the second metal plate are controlled to move.

4. The method for preparing the metal composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: The pressure device is arranged on one side of the first metal plate; When welding the first interface to be welded, the pressure device is controlled to roll along the first metal plate, and at the same time, the laser source is controlled to move synchronously with the pressure device.

5. The method for preparing the metal composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: A pair of the pressure devices are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first metal plate and the second metal plate; When welding the first interface to be welded, the pair of pressure devices are controlled to rotate simultaneously to drive the first metal plate and the second metal plate to move.

6. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of stacking the first metal plate and the second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, comprises: Overlapping the first end of the first metal plate with the first end of the second metal plate; At least one of the second end of the first metal plate and the second end of the second metal plate is bent to form the first V-shaped structure.

7. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: After welding the second end of the first metal plate and the second end of the second metal plate, at least one of the first end of the first metal plate and the first end of the second metal plate is bent to form a second V-shaped structure, wherein the second V-shaped structure is a second interface to be welded; The second interface to be welded is subjected to high-frequency laser scanning while being pressed together, so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate at the second interface to be welded are bonded to each other.

8. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening angle of the first V-shaped structure is 45°-120°.

9. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of stacking the first metal plate and the second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, the preparation method further includes: The laser spot of the laser beam was set to 50 μm~200 μm and the power density was set to 5.0×10 6 W / cm 2 ~5.0×10 8 W / cm 2 , scanning frequency ≥50 Hz.

10. The method for preparing a metal composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of stacking the first metal plate and the second metal plate so that the first metal plate and the second metal plate form a first V-shaped structure, wherein the first V-shaped structure is a first interface to be welded, the preparation method further includes: The unit length pressure of the first interface to be welded is set to 2 N / mm~100 N / mm.

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