A constant force airbag polishing head

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of airbag polishing, and specifically provides a constant force airbag polishing head, including a hydraulic tool handle, an airbag, a spline and a spline shaft. The spline connection is located in the hydraulic tool handle, which is used to transmit torque and realize the synchronization of rotational motion. The spline shaft is provided with airway through holes along the axis, and these through holes allow gas to flow inside the spline shaft. The lower end of the spline shaft extends out of the hydraulic tool handle and is connected to the airbag, and the upper end forms a cylinder structure with the hydraulic tool handle. The airbag is the part that directly contacts the workpiece during the polishing process, and a soft polishing surface is formed by inflation. The air pressure of the airbag can be adjusted by the cylinder to meet different polishing requirements. The present invention directly integrates the cylinder structure into the polishing head, optimizes the polishing airbag that does not have a constant force output function into an airbag polishing head that has a constant force output function, and greatly improves the polishing stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of airbag polishing, and in particular relates to a constant-force airbag polishing head. Background Art

[0002] Airbag polishing technology is an advanced and efficient surface processing method designed for workpieces with complex curved surfaces and high precision requirements. This technology uses a specially made flexible airbag as the core polishing tool. The airbag is made of durable and soft materials such as rubber or polyurethane, and the outer layer can be covered with different polishing media such as polishing cloth or fine abrasives as needed.

[0003] During the polishing process, the airbag can flexibly fit and adapt to various curvature changes of the workpiece surface through precise control of the internal air pressure, thereby achieving a comprehensive and uniform polishing effect. At the same time, the combined effect of the airbag rotation and the relative movement of the workpiece (such as rotation or translation) further enhances the polishing efficiency and accuracy.

[0004] Airbag polishing technology has significant advantages. First, it can excellently process workpieces of various complex shapes, including free-form surfaces, concave and convex surfaces, etc., overcoming the limitations of traditional polishing methods on complex shapes. Second, by precisely controlling polishing parameters such as pressure, speed and abrasive particle size, high-precision surface quality can be achieved to meet the needs of products such as optical components and molds that require extremely high surface accuracy. Third, this technology can also effectively reduce the thermal and mechanical stresses generated during the polishing process, avoid workpiece deformation or surface damage, and thus ensure the quality and accuracy of the final product.

[0005] Due to these advantages, airbag polishing technology has been widely used in the fields of optics, aerospace, precision instrument manufacturing, etc. Whether it is polishing high-precision optical lenses or processing mold parts with complex curved surfaces, airbag polishing technology can provide reliable and efficient solutions to help these industries continuously break through technical bottlenecks and improve product quality and market competitiveness.

[0006] The use of a robotic arm combined with airbag polishing can improve production efficiency. The robotic arm polishes continuously and quickly according to the preset program and path, greatly shortening the processing time. It realizes automation, reduces human intervention, can run stably for a long time, and is suitable for large-scale production. The operation is flexible and convenient. The robot arm movement and polishing parameters can be adjusted through programming to adapt to different workpieces, and it has strong versatility. It can also move flexibly in a small space to complete polishing tasks with limited space. Reduce labor intensity and labor costs, replace heavy and repetitive manual work, reduce the burden on workers, avoid unstable quality caused by manual fatigue, reduce dependence on skilled workers, reduce costs, and alleviate labor shortages. Improve processing safety, operators can monitor in a safe position to avoid contact hazards, the robotic arm is accurate and stable, and the risk of accidents caused by operating errors is reduced. However, due to the serial design of the robotic arm and the long cantilever structure, the movement accuracy of the robotic arm is far behind that of conventional CNC machine tools. The removal characteristics of air bag polishing are sensitive to the pressure depth of the air bag, which leads to a large gap between the stability of the removal function of air bag polishing by robotic arms and the accuracy of air bag polishing by conventional machine tools. This limits the promotion and use of robotic arm air bag polishing in the field of optical processing to a certain extent.

[0007] In order to ensure that the pressure on the workpiece during the polishing process remains constant, existing airbag polishing devices usually use sensors to collect the pressure of the polishing head on the workpiece in real time, and transmit the pressure data back for closed-loop feedback adjustment to keep the pressure as constant as possible. However, the introduction of sensors and closed-loop control systems will greatly increase the structural complexity of the airbag polishing device. In addition, since the polishing head and the rotating spindle themselves cannot achieve constant force output, in order to achieve constant force polishing, it is usually necessary to install a cylinder device at the rear end of the polishing head. However, since the cylinder device adopts a post-assembly method, on the one hand, this will cause the overall structure to become complicated and the volume to become larger. On the other hand, after the cylinder is assembled, the polishing head will be incompatible with the current polishing spindle structure. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a constant-force airbag polishing head. An integrated cylinder structure is designed at the rear end of the airbag. The cylinder is connected to the airbag, which can not only adjust the inflation state of the airbag, but also provide the airbag with a constant pressure on the polishing surface through the cylinder. The cylinder is integrated inside the polishing head, which not only simplifies the complexity of the device structure, but also ensures that the polishing head is compatible with the polishing spindle.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution created by the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0010] The present invention provides a constant force air bag polishing head, comprising: a hydraulic tool handle, an air bag, a spline and a spline shaft, wherein the spline is connected in the hydraulic tool handle, and the spline shaft has an airway through hole along the axis; the lower end of the spline shaft extends from the lower end opening surface of the hydraulic tool, and the lower end of the spline shaft is connected to the air bag; the upper end of the spline shaft and the hydraulic tool handle form a cylinder structure; the cylinder structure is connected to the air bag through the airway through hole; the cylinder structure can be used to adjust the air pressure in the air bag, and when the air pressure reaches a set threshold, the cylinder structure can drive the spline shaft to move along the axis.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided on the spline shaft to constrain the range of movement of the spline shaft along the shaft.

[0012] Preferably, at least one circle of groove is provided on the side surface of the spline shaft, and a piston sealing ring is provided in the groove to maintain the air tightness of the cylinder structure.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an airbag fixing shaft and an airbag fixing ring installed on the spline shaft and the airbag.

[0014] Preferably, a spindle with a hydraulic clamping device is connected to the upper end of the hydraulic tool handle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention integrates the cylinder structure directly into the polishing head, and realizes precise control of the airbag polishing pressure through the cylinder structure, so that the polishing head has a constant force output function. There is no need to add a cylinder device later, which reduces the structural complexity and avoids the polishing head being incompatible with the polishing spindle structure after the cylinder device is installed.

[0017] The present invention integrates a constant force output function inside the polishing head. Constant force polishing can reduce the impact of polishing force fluctuations during precision machining of optical components, ensure the consistency and high quality of the polishing effect, and not only improve machining efficiency and reduce scrap rate, but also improve product quality and meet the high standards of various precision machining fields. Constant force polishing is crucial for the stable control of material removal and can improve polishing efficiency and surface convergence accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a constant force airbag polishing head provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals include:

[0021] Hydraulic tool handle 1, spline 2, spline shaft 3, airway through hole 4, airbag 5, piston sealing ring 6, limiting structure 7, airbag fixing shaft 8, airbag fixing ring 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the invention clearer, the invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation to the invention. Similar components in different embodiments use associated similar component numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are to enable the invention to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some of the features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other components, materials, and methods. In some cases, some operations related to the invention are not shown or described in the specification, in order to avoid the core part of the invention being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to form various implementation methods. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a necessary sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0024] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0025] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0027] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a constant force airbag polishing head is provided to solve the problem that the existing polishing head does not have a constant force output function. In order to achieve constant force polishing, a cylinder device needs to be installed. However, after the cylinder device is installed, it will lead to the problem that it cannot be installed on the polishing spindle. The embodiment of the present invention integrates an integrated cylinder structure on the basis of the traditional airbag, specifically including: a hydraulic tool handle 1, a spline 2, a spline shaft 3, an airbag 5, a piston seal 6, a limiting structure 7, an airbag fixed shaft 8 and an airbag fixed ring 9, wherein the hydraulic tool handle 1 is the main body of the entire device, which is used to install and fix other components, and the hydraulic tool handle 1 can meet the installation adaptability of the polishing rotating spindle, ensuring that the constant force airbag polishing head proposed in the embodiment of the present invention can be installed on a spindle with a hydraulic clamping device. The upper and lower ends of the hydraulic tool handle 1 are both provided with openings, and the upper end opening is used to connect with an air pump to realize the inflation of the device. The spline shaft 3 can extend from the lower end opening of the hydraulic tool handle 1. The inner cavity diameter of the hydraulic tool handle 1 is a three-stage design that decreases from top to bottom. The spline 2 is fixed in the maximum inner diameter area of ​​the hydraulic tool handle 1 to transmit torque and realize the synchronization of rotational motion. The spline shaft 3 is connected to the spline 2, and the spline shaft 3 can move up and down along the axis. An airway through hole 4 is opened along the axis of the spline shaft 3. The upper end of the spline shaft 3 is located in the minimum inner diameter area of ​​the hydraulic tool handle 1. Since the spline shaft 3 can move up and down along the axis, this section of the cavity of the hydraulic tool handle 1 and the upper end of the spline shaft 3 constitute a cylinder structure, and the spline shaft 3 is a piston. The upper end of the hydraulic tool handle 1 is connected to the cylinder to drive the spline shaft 3 to move up and down. In addition, an airbag 5 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the spline shaft 3 through an airbag fixing shaft 8 and an airbag fixing ring 9. The airbag 5 is connected to the cylinder structure through the airway through hole 4. Therefore, the airbag 5 can also be inflated and deflated by the air pump and the cylinder structure to adjust the air pressure in the airbag 5. The airbag fixing shaft 8 is sleeved on the spline shaft 3, and the lower end of the airbag fixing shaft 8 is connected to the airbag 5. The airbag fixing ring 9 is wrapped around the airbag fixing shaft 8 and connected to the airbag 5. The airbag fixing shaft 8 and the airbag fixing ring 9 are mainly used to ensure the stability of the airbag 5 during the polishing process and prevent the airbag 5 from deflecting.

[0028] At least one circle of grooves is also provided on the side of the spline shaft 3 located in the minimum inner diameter area of ​​the hydraulic tool handle 1, and a piston seal ring 6 is installed in the groove. The design of the piston seal ring 6 can effectively ensure the airtightness of the cylinder structure. In addition, a limiting structure 7 is also provided on the side of the middle section of the spline shaft 3. The limiting structure 7 is a circle of raised baffles provided on the side of the spline shaft 3, which is located below the minimum inner diameter section of the hydraulic tool handle 1 and above the upper end surface of the spline 2. The limiting structure 7 can constrain the interval of the spline shaft 3 moving along the axis.

[0029] When the above-mentioned constant force airbag polishing head is used, the hydraulic tool handle 1 is inserted into the main shaft with a hydraulic clamping device, and the knob of the hydraulic clamping device is adjusted to hydraulically lock the hydraulic tool handle 1 on the main shaft. The cylinder structure is inflated, and the gas enters the airbag 5 through the airway hole 4. As the air pressure rises to a specific set threshold, the spline shaft 3 is pushed downward by the air pressure, and positive pressure is applied to the polishing surface through the airbag 5. When the air pressure in the polishing head is constant, constant force polishing can be achieved. The present invention can determine the constant pressure value of the airbag 5 by the air pressure of the gas filled into the cylinder structure by the controller air pump, so there is no need to design a force sensor to calibrate the pressure of the airbag 5. After the constant pressure value of the airbag 5 reaches the processing requirements, the spindle can be started to drive the airbag 5 to rotate at a high degree to start polishing.

[0030] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit the protection scope of this specification. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this specification shall be included in the protection scope of this specification.

[0031] The systems, devices, modules or units described in one or more of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

[0032] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0033] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0034] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Claims

1. A constant force airbag polishing head, characterized in that: include: A hydraulic tool handle, an air bag, a spline and a spline shaft, wherein the spline is connected inside the hydraulic tool handle, and the spline shaft has an airway hole along the axis; the lower end of the spline shaft extends from the lower end opening surface of the hydraulic knife, and the lower end of the spline shaft is connected to the air bag; the upper end of the spline shaft forms a cylinder structure with the hydraulic tool handle; the cylinder structure is connected to the air bag through the airway hole; the cylinder structure can be used to adjust the air pressure inside the air bag, and when the air pressure reaches a set threshold, the cylinder structure can drive the spline shaft to move along the axis, and the upper end opening of the hydraulic tool handle is used to communicate with an air pump, and the constant pressure value of the air bag can be determined by controlling the air pressure of the air pump filling the cylinder structure with gas.

2. The constant force airbag polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline shaft is provided with a limiting structure for restricting the range of movement of the spline shaft along the shaft.

3. The constant force airbag polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the spline shaft is provided with at least one circle of grooves, and a piston sealing ring is provided in the groove to maintain the air tightness of the cylinder structure.

4. The constant force airbag polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an airbag fixing shaft and an airbag fixing ring which are mounted on the spline shaft and the airbag.

5. The constant force airbag polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main shaft with a hydraulic clamping device is connected to the upper end of the hydraulic tool handle.

Images