Soil conditioner and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner and application thereof. The soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 60 parts of biochar, 10 to 50 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium, 10 to 30 parts of bentonite, 15 to 35 parts of surfactant and 3 to 15 parts of biostimulant, the surfactant comprises one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium taurine laurate or rhamnolipid, and the biostimulant comprises one or more of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose or polyglutamic acid. The conditioner is prepared by compounding a plurality of surfactants and biostimulant, and has three significant soil conditioning properties of ventilation, fertility increase and water retention. The soil conditioner can break soil hardening, loosen soil, improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, promote soil microbial activity, enhance soil fertilizer and water permeability and improve crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and in particular to a soil conditioner and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern economy and the irrational use of land, the quality problem of cultivated land has become prominent. At present, more than 2 / 3 of the existing cultivated land is medium- and low-yield land, and about 20% of the cultivated land cannot be cultivated due to varying degrees of soil degradation or soil pollution. The soil problem is very prominent, seriously restricting the development of agricultural economy and the implementation of environmental protection. In response to soil degradation problems such as acidification, salinization, desertification, soil erosion, and soil pollution problems such as heavy metal pollution, different methods can be adopted to treat them in a targeted manner. Among them, improving soil properties, improving soil fertility, and repairing heavy metal soils through soil conditioners are directions that scholars from all walks of life have paid much attention to and studied a lot in recent years.

[0003] Soil is the basis of plant growth. Soil with excellent physical and chemical properties and rich nutrients is bound to be more conducive to plant growth and development. At present, many studies have shown that the application of conditioners in cultivated soil can directly or indirectly increase the yield of crops and cash crops and improve crop quality.

[0004] Red soil occupies an important position in agricultural production. However, red soil generally has a high clay content and a low organic matter content. In addition, long-term intensive use has caused the deterioration of soil structure, poor water permeability and aeration, prominent soil compaction problems, and low ability to resist drought. This has become one of the main degradation problems of red soil, resulting in low and unstable crop yields, which seriously restricts the green and high-quality development of regional agriculture. Some work has been carried out at home and abroad on the improvement of red soil structure and the reduction of seasonal drought. The main measures for improving soil structure include deep tillage, increasing the application of organic fertilizers, and adding structural improvers. However, at present, rural organic fertilizer resources are scarce, and the amount of dryland crop straw is small, which has certain limitations in actual production applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil conditioner and its application, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: A soil conditioner comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of biochar, 10-50 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 10-30 parts of bentonite, 15-35 parts of surfactants, and 3-15 parts of biostimulants; the surfactant comprises one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurine or rhamnolipid, and the biostimulant comprises one or more of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose or polyglutamic acid.

[0006] Preferably, the surfactant is composed of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurine and rhamnolipid, and the mass ratio of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurine and rhamnolipid is 6-10:8-12:6-10; the biostimulant is composed of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid, and the mass ratio of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0007] Preferably, the soil conditioner contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 7-9 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 9-11 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 7-9 parts of rhamnolipid, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of trehalose, and 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid.

[0008] Preferably, the soil conditioner comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid.

[0009] The soil conditioner of the present invention is used for improving soil, especially for improving soil air permeability, reducing soil bulk density, and enhancing soil fertilizer and water penetration.

[0010] The soil conditioner of the present invention is used for increasing crop yield, in particular for increasing greenhouse tomato yield.

[0011] If the soil is slightly compacted, the recommended dosage is 500g-1000g per mu. If the soil is severely compacted, the dosage can be doubled.

[0012] Beneficial technical effects: This conditioner is a compound of multiple surfactants and biostimulants, and has extremely significant three soil conditioning properties of "air permeability, fertilizer increase, and water retention". It can break soil compaction, loosen the soil, improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, promote soil microbial activity, and enhance soil fertilizer and water penetration. It has the functions of improving soil, retaining water and resisting drought, enhancing crop disease resistance, improving root vitality, increasing crop yields, improving agricultural product quality, and restoring the original ecology of crops. It adjusts the sand-to-stickiness ratio of the soil, improves soil structure, and promotes the formation of aggregate structure; it improves the soil's water retention capacity and increases effective water supply. It adjusts the soil microbial flora, maintains a good soil microbial environment, promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. The raw materials used in this product are all from natural sources.

[0013] Usage technology: For slightly compacted soil, the recommended dosage is 500g-1000g per mu, diluted 800-1000 times. For severely compacted soil, the dosage can be doubled. Use twice a year, and then gradually reduce the dosage until it is no longer used. It can be mixed with other fertilizers, improvers, etc. for better results. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is described with the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited thereto.

[0015] Example 1: Effects of different soil conditioners on soil improvement Experimental site: Fujian crop fields, lime mud field soil, loam texture, soil pH 5.15.

[0016] Test conditioner: Formula A: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurine, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid; Formula B: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 26 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid; Formula C: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurine, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, and 6 parts of chitosan; Formula D: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of trehalose, and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid; Formula E: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurine, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of chitosan, and 6 parts of polyglutamic acid; Formula F: Contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurine, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 6 parts of humic acid, and 2 parts of trehalose; Test method: The experiment was set up with 7 treatments and 1 blank, repeated four times, with a plot area of ​​50m2 and random block arrangement. Except for CK, soil conditioners were applied once in other treatments when applying basal fertilizer. Fertilization of each treatment was consistent with other management. Specific dosage of chemical fertilizers: nitrogen fertilizer (N) was applied at 200 kg / hm2 (pure amount, the same below), phosphorus fertilizer (P2O5) was applied at 112 kg / hm2, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) was applied at 170 kg / hm2. The application amount of soil conditioner was 750g / mu. Soil samples of each treatment were taken after 4 months of application to determine the soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal content, and Excel was used for statistics and processing.

[0017] Results and Analysis: As shown in Table 1-1, compared with CK, the soil organic matter of each treatment increased by 0.9-2.5 g / kg, an increase of 3.9%-10.9%; the soil available phosphorus of each treatment increased by 18-69 mg / kg, an increase of 14.0%-53.5%; the soil available potassium of each treatment increased by 19-42 mg / kg, an increase of 19.2%-42.4%; the soil available potassium of each treatment increased by 11-40 mg / kg, an increase of 9.3%-33.9%. In summary, each soil conditioner treatment increased the content of soil organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium to a certain extent. Compared with other formulas, the soil conditioning performance of formula A is excellent.

[0018] Table 1-1: Main physical and chemical properties of soils treated with different methods

[0019] It can be seen from Table 1-2 that compared with CK, the soil aggregates of each treatment were significantly improved, and the proportion of >2mm increased, which can break up soil compaction, loosen the soil, and improve soil permeability.

[0020] Table 1-2: Soil aggregate indexes under different treatments

[0021] As shown in Table 2, different soil conditioners can effectively reduce the content of heavy metals such as chromium, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in the soil. Compared with other formulas, the soil conditioner of formula A has excellent effect in reducing heavy metals in the soil.

[0022] Table 2 Available content of heavy metals in soils under different treatments

[0023] Example 2: Effects of different soil conditioners on greenhouse tomatoes Experimental site: Tomato greenhouse Test conditioners: Formulation A-Formulation F; Test method: The test set up 7 treatments and 1 blank, repeated four times, with a plot area of ​​25m2, and random block arrangement. Except for CK, other treatments applied soil conditioner once during conventional fertilization. The application amount of soil conditioner was 1500g / mu.

[0024] Measurement index: Soil bulk density: measured by ring knife method. Yield: Pick the 4 replicates of each treatment, calculate the actual yield of the plot, take the average value, and convert it into 667 m2 yield.

[0025] Results and Analysis As shown in Table 3, different amounts of soil conditioners have a certain improvement effect on soil bulk density. The application of soil conditioners in greenhouse tomatoes can reduce soil bulk density and improve soil compaction. Compared with other treatments, formula A is 0.21 g / cm3 lower than CK, a decrease of 15.1%. Different amounts of soil conditioners have a certain effect on increasing tomato yield. Compared with other treatments, formula A is 489.8 kg / mu higher than CK, an increase of 10.2%.

[0026] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on soil bulk density and yield

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit it.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of biochar, 10-50 parts of silicon, calcium, potassium and magnesium, 10-30 parts of bentonite, 15-35 parts of surfactant and 3-15 parts of biostimulant; The surfactant consists of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurine and rhamnolipid, and the mass ratio of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium laurate taurine and rhamnolipid is 6-10:8-12:6-10; the biostimulant consists of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid, and the mass ratio of humic acid, chitosan, trehalose and polyglutamic acid is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.

2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of biochar, 25-35 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 15-25 parts of bentonite, 7-9 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 9-11 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 7-9 parts of rhamnolipid, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of trehalose and 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid.

3. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that The invention comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium, 20 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 10 parts of sodium laurate taurate, 8 parts of rhamnolipid, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of trehalose and 2 parts of polyglutamic acid.

4. Use of the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for improving soil.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that Used to improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, and enhance soil fertilizer and water penetration.

6. Use of the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for increasing crop yield.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that Used to increase greenhouse tomato yield.

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