Offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method, and relates to the field of offshore photovoltaic technologies. The construction method comprises the steps that a pile driving barge and a pile foundation are transported to a first to-be-laid area of the sea surface, the pile driving barge comprises a lifting device, the lifting device comprises a first rigging and a second rigging, and the pile foundation comprises a column body, a first lifting lug arranged at the first end of the column body and a second lifting lug arranged at the second end of the column body; the first rigging is connected with the first lifting lug, and the second rigging is connected with the second lifting lug; the first rigging and the second rigging are lifted to lift the pile foundation to a preset position; the first rigging is lifted, and the second rigging is lowered, so that a preset angle is formed between the pile foundation and the sea surface; and the pile foundation is lowered through the first rigging, so that the pile foundation goes deep into a seabed mud layer corresponding to the first to-be-laid area. According to the construction method, the mounting difficulty of the pile foundation can be reduced, and the mounting efficiency and the mounting stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of offshore photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a method for constructing an offshore photovoltaic support foundation. Background Art

[0002] In the field of offshore photovoltaic power generation, with the continuous growth of global demand for renewable energy and technological advancement, offshore photovoltaic power stations, as an emerging renewable energy power generation method, are gradually gaining attention. Compared with land-based photovoltaic power stations, offshore photovoltaic power stations have multiple advantages such as sufficient sunlight, high resource utilization, high power generation efficiency, and reduced land occupation. Photovoltaic modules are usually supported by pile foundations and installed above the sea surface. However, due to the complexity and uncertainty of the offshore environment, pile foundation installation is difficult.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for constructing an offshore photovoltaic support foundation, which can reduce the difficulty of installing a pile foundation and improve installation efficiency and installation stability.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for constructing an offshore photovoltaic support foundation is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Transporting a pile-driving ship and a pile foundation to a first area to be laid on the sea surface, wherein the pile-driving ship comprises a lifting device, wherein the lifting device comprises a first rigging and a second rigging, and the pile foundation comprises a column, a first lifting lug provided at a first end of the column, and a second lifting lug provided at a second end of the column;

[0007] Connecting the first rigging to the first lifting lug, and connecting the second rigging to the second lifting lug; lifting the first rigging and the second rigging to raise the pile foundation to a preset position;

[0008] lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging so that the pile foundation is at a preset angle with the sea surface;

[0009] The pile foundation is lowered by the first rigging so that the pile foundation penetrates into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the preset position and the sea surface is 10 meters to 15 meters.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset angle is 85° to 95°.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a lowering rate of the pile foundation by using the first rigging is 0.5 m / min to 1 m / min.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a third hanging ear is further provided on the column, the third hanging ear is located between the first hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the distance between the third hanging ear and the first hanging ear is smaller than the distance between the third hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the construction method further includes:

[0014] A guy rope is connected at the third lifting eye; when the pile foundation is lowered, the guy rope is used to adjust the angle between the pile foundation and the sea surface so that the pile foundation and the sea surface are at the preset angle.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the depth of the pile foundation penetrating into the mud layer is greater than or equal to 5 meters.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the pile-driving ship is further provided with a hanging hammer and a plurality of guide hoops spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the sea surface, and the pile foundation is lowered by the first rigging so that the pile foundation penetrates into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid, including:

[0017] Lowering the pile foundation by using the first rigging so that the pile foundation passes through each of the guide hoops in sequence;

[0018] Continue lowering the pile foundation until the pile foundation contacts the mud layer on the seabed;

[0019] The hanging hammer is placed in the end of the pile foundation away from the seabed and the hammer is pressed until the pile foundation stops sinking.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction method further includes:

[0021] Before connecting the first rigging to the first lifting lug and connecting the second rigging to the second lifting lug, the position of the piling vessel is fixed.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a distance between the first lifting ear and an end surface of the first end is equal to a distance between the second lifting ear and an end surface of the second end.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction method further includes:

[0024] After the pile foundation is driven deeply into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid, the pile-driving ship and the pile foundation are transported to the second area to be laid on the sea surface.

[0025] The disclosed offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method uses the first rigging and the second rigging to raise the pile foundation to a preset position, which not only ensures the precise control of the installation process, but also enhances the safety of the operation. By lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging, the pile foundation forms a preset angle with the sea surface, so that the pile foundation and the seabed mud layer can be aligned and embedded, avoiding positioning deviations caused by unstable offshore environment, and helping to improve installation accuracy. At the same time, the first rigging is used to accurately lower the pile foundation so that it penetrates deep into the seabed mud, ensuring the stable installation of the pile foundation. This method not only significantly improves the installation efficiency and stability of the pile foundation, but also reduces the technical difficulty and risks during the installation process.

[0026] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Flow chart of the offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination state of the pile-driving vessel, the lifting device, the pile foundation and the guide hoop in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first rigging, the second rigging, the first lifting eye, the second lifting eye, the third lifting eye and the guy rope in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state of lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a hanging hammer in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] In the figure: 100, pile-driving barge; 1, lifting device; 11, first rigging; 12, second rigging; 13, guy rope; 2, pile foundation; 21, column; 22, first lifting lug; 23, second lifting lug; 24, third lifting lug; 3, lifting hammer; 4, guide hoop; 5, mud layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0035] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the illustration to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples described in the drawings. It is understood that if the device of the illustration is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component "lower". When a structure is "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is formed integrally on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0036] The terms "a", "an", "the" and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "including" and "having" are used to indicate an open-ended inclusive meaning and mean that there may be additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc. The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0037] The present disclosure provides a method for constructing an offshore photovoltaic support foundation. Figure 1 As shown, the construction method includes steps S110 to S140, wherein:

[0038] Step S110, transporting a pile-driving ship and a pile foundation to a first area to be laid on the sea surface, wherein the pile-driving ship comprises a lifting device, wherein the lifting device comprises a first rigging and a second rigging, and the pile foundation comprises a column, a first lifting lug provided at a first end of the column, and a second lifting lug provided at a second end of the column;

[0039] Step S120, connecting the first rigging to the first lifting lug, and connecting the second rigging to the second lifting lug; lifting the first rigging and the second rigging to raise the pile foundation to a preset position;

[0040] Step S130, lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging, so that the pile foundation and the sea surface are at a preset angle;

[0041] Step S140: lowering the pile foundation by using the first rigging, so that the pile foundation penetrates into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first to-be-laid area.

[0042] The distance between the preset position and the sea surface may be 10 to 15 meters. The preset angle may be 85° to 95°. The lowering rate of the pile foundation by the first rigging may be 0.5 to 1 meter per minute. The depth of the pile foundation in the mud is greater than 5 meters.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a third hanging ear is further provided on the column, the third hanging ear is located between the first hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the distance between the third hanging ear and the first hanging ear is smaller than the distance between the third hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the construction method further includes:

[0044] A guy rope is connected at the third lifting eye; when the pile foundation is lowered, the angle between the pile foundation and the sea surface is adjusted by the guy rope so that the pile foundation and the sea surface are at a preset angle.

[0045] The disclosed offshore photovoltaic pile foundation construction method utilizes the coordinated operation of the first rigging and the second rigging to smoothly lift the pile foundation to a preset height of 10 meters to 15 meters, which not only provides sufficient control space for the installation process, but also effectively avoids the risk of collision during offshore operations, significantly enhancing the safety of the operation. By accurately lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging, the pile foundation forms a preset angle of 85° to 95° with the sea surface, which helps to accurately align and deeply embed the pile foundation with the seabed mud layer, effectively offsets the positioning deviation caused by the unstable offshore environment, and helps to improve the installation accuracy.

[0046] In addition, the precise lowering of the pile foundation at a rate of 0.5m / min to 1m / min can ensure the stability of the pile foundation during the process, reduce the probability of excessive shaking caused by the lowering speed too fast, and help maintain the preset angle. At the same time, the pile foundation is made to penetrate more than 5 meters into the seabed mud, which can provide solid support for the pile foundation and ensure the long-term stability of the pile foundation in a complex marine environment. The third lifting lug and cable wind rope adjustment mechanism provide a flexible and reliable solution for fine-tuning the angle of the pile foundation, further improving the adaptability and precision control of the installation process.

[0047] The following is a detailed description of the various steps and specific details of the offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method in the embodiment of the present disclosure:

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S110, a pile-driving ship and a pile foundation are transported to a first area to be laid on the sea surface, the pile-driving ship includes a lifting device, the lifting device includes a first rigging and a second rigging, and the pile foundation includes a column, a first lifting lug provided at a first end of the column, and a second lifting lug provided at a second end of the column.

[0049] The pile foundation can be transported to the dock first, and the pile foundation can be tested for anti-corrosion and mechanical properties at the dock to ensure the reliability of the pile foundation. The pile foundation with no abnormalities in the performance test can then be loaded onto a transport ship, and the pile foundation can be transported to the first area to be laid by the transport ship. It should be noted that in order to ensure the stability of the pile foundation during transportation, the pile foundation can be arranged into two side-by-side pyramids, each pyramid includes 3 layers, 12, 8, and 4 piles from bottom to top, and different pile foundations are separated and fixed with brackets. That is, each pyramid-shaped structure contains 24 pile foundations, and the two pyramid-shaped structures contain a total of 48 pile foundations, which can meet the pile sinking needs for two days.

[0050] In this disclosure, Figure 2 As shown, the sea surface can be the sea surface in any sea area, and the sea area where the sea surface is located is not specifically limited. The piling ship 100 is the core equipment for installing offshore photovoltaic pile foundations. The piling ship 100 not only has a strong navigation capability and can stably navigate to the designated first area to be laid in a complex and changeable marine environment, but is also equipped with a lifting device 1. The lifting device 1 can cooperate with the pile foundation 2 to facilitate lifting the pile foundation 2.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the lifting device 1 may include a first rigging 11 and a second rigging 12. The first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12 may both be chain-shaped, and one end of the first rigging 11 and one end of the second rigging 12 converge to a point. The first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12 may be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials to ensure stable performance even in a harsh marine environment. A main hook is provided at the end of the first rigging 11 away from the convergence point, and an auxiliary hook is provided at the end of the second rigging 12 away from the convergence point.

[0052] The pile foundation 2 may be columnar, and may include a column 21, a first lifting lug 22, and a second lifting lug 23. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the column 21 may be a columnar structure with equal radial dimensions. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the column 21 may be a tapered column 21, and the radial dimension of the column 21 may gradually increase or decrease in its length direction.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the column 21 may be a hollow structure, and the size of the hollow structure inside the column 21 gradually increases or decreases along the length direction of the column 21.

[0054] The two ends of the column 21 can be defined as a first end and a second end, respectively. The first ear 22 can be disposed on the periphery of the first end of the column 21. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there can be multiple first ears 22, and the multiple first ears 22 can be evenly distributed along the circumference of the column 21. For example, the number of the first ears 22 can be at least two. The second ear 23 can be disposed on the periphery of the second end of the column 21. Both the first ear 22 and the second ear 23 can be an integrated structure with the column 21.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacing between the first lifting lug 22 and the end face of the first end away from the second end and the spacing between the second lifting lug 23 and the end face of the second end away from the first end can be equal, so that during the lifting process of the pile foundation 2, both ends of the pile foundation 2 maintain a uniform and stable stress state, which can reduce the probability of deflection, shaking or uneven stress during the lifting process of the pile foundation 2, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the lifting operation. The weight of the pile foundation 2 can be 20 tons to 25 tons, and its length can be set according to the depth of seawater, and is not specifically limited here.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S120, the first rigging 11 is connected to the first lifting lug 22, and the second rigging 12 is connected to the second lifting lug 23; the first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12 are lifted to raise the pile foundation 2 to a preset position.

[0057] For example, the main hook on the first rigging 11 can be detachably connected to the first lifting lug 22, for example, the main hook can be hung on the first lifting lug 22; at the same time, the auxiliary hook on the second rigging 12 can be detachably connected to the second lifting lug 23, for example, the auxiliary hook can be hung on the second lifting lug 23. The lifting device 1 on the pile-driving ship 100 is started to synchronously lift the first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12. At the same time, the first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12 can drive the pile foundation 2 to be synchronously lifted until the pile foundation 2 is lifted to a preset position. At the preset position, the pile foundation 2 is substantially parallel to the sea surface.

[0058] It should be noted that when there are multiple first lifting ears 22, the corresponding number of first rigging 11 is also multiple. The multiple first rigging 11 can be connected to different first lifting ears 22 respectively, and the pile foundation 2 can be lifted simultaneously by the multiple first lifting ears 22. When any first rigging 11 fails, the other first rigging 11 can continue to lift the pile foundation 2, which helps to improve the reliability of the lifting process.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the preset position is located above the sea surface. For example, the distance between the preset position and the sea surface can be 10 meters to 15 meters. For example, the distance between the preset position and the sea surface can be 10 meters, 11 meters, 12 meters, 13 meters, 14 meters or 15 meters. Of course, the preset position can also be other positions, which are not listed here one by one. From the perspective of safety, the distance of 10 meters to 15 meters can provide a relatively stable working environment for the pile foundation 2. On the sea surface, natural factors such as wind, waves, and tides will have a certain impact on the pile foundation 2, and the distance set within this range can effectively reduce the interference of these external factors on the installation process of the pile foundation 2. When the pile foundation 2 is lifted to the preset position, it can stay away from the fluctuations of the sea surface, reducing the installation deviation or safety risk caused by the slapping of waves or the impact of tides. From the perspective of construction efficiency, the distance of 10 meters to 15 meters provides sufficient working space for operators. In this height range, the operator can more clearly observe the installation of the pile foundation 2, and timely adjust the tension and the lifting angle of the first rigging 11 and the second rigging 12 to ensure that the pile foundation 2 can be accurately aligned with the preset position on the seabed. At the same time, this height also facilitates the operator to perform subsequent installation operations, such as aligning, embedding and fixing the pile foundation 2 with the seabed mud layer 5.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, before performing step S120 (i.e., before connecting the first rigging 11 to the first lifting eye 22 and connecting the second rigging 12 to the second lifting eye 23), the construction method of the present disclosure may further include:

[0061] Step S150, fixing the position of the piling vessel 100.

[0062] After the pile-driving ship 100 is driven to the first area to be laid, the anchoring position can be determined by the ship positioning system and then the anchor can be dropped. Six anchors can be used for positioning. The lengths of anchoring at different anchor positions are different. In the present disclosure, the lengths of anchoring at different anchor positions are all within the range of 50m to 300m. After dropping the anchor, the positions of the two positioning frames on the pile-driving ship 100 can be checked by GPS. During the checking process, the hull can be adjusted to make the plane of the positioning frame the same as the pre-set plane position.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S130, the first rigging 11 is lifted and the second rigging 12 is lowered, so that the pile foundation 2 is at a preset angle with the sea surface.

[0064] like Figure 4As shown, the pile foundation 2 can be tilted as a whole by lifting the first rigging 11. For example, the lifting speed of the first rigging 11 can be accurately controlled by the lifting device 1 on the pile-driving ship 100. The second rigging 12 is lowered to cooperate with the lifting of the first rigging 11 so that the other end of the pile foundation 2 can be gradually lowered, thereby forming a preset angle with the sea surface. In the present disclosure, there is no special limitation on the lifting speed of the first rigging 11 and the lowering speed of the second rigging 12, as long as the pile foundation 2 can present a preset angle with the sea surface. It should be noted that the preset angle can be the angle between the extension line of the pile foundation 2 and the sea surface. When the pile foundation 2 is at a preset angle with the sea surface, the secondary hook portion in the second rigging 12 is separated from the second lifting ear 23 on the pile foundation 2, that is, the second rigging 12 is no longer connected to the pile foundation 2.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset angle may be 85° to 95°, for example, it may be 85°, 87°, 89°, 91°, 93° or 95°. Of course, the preset angle may also be other angles, which are not listed here one by one. Due to the complex seabed conditions, the selection of the preset angle has a decisive influence on the stress conditions of the pile foundation 2. If the preset angle is too small, the pile foundation 2 may not be able to effectively resist the impact force of the waves and the lateral pressure of the seabed soil, thereby threatening its long-term stability. On the contrary, if the preset angle is too large, it will not only increase the difficulty in the installation process, but may also cause the pile foundation 2 to be unable to form close contact with the seabed soil, thereby affecting the bearing capacity of the pile foundation 2.

[0066] In order to find the best angle range that can ensure both installation efficiency and structural safety, we conducted in-depth simulation analysis. The results show that the angle range of 85° to 95° performs well in many aspects. Within this range, the pile foundation 2 can better embed into the seabed mud layer 5, improving the stability and reliability of the installation. At the same time, this angle range also helps to reduce the impact of wind and waves on the photovoltaic power station during operation, thereby extending the overall life of the power station and improving its performance.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S140, the pile foundation 2 is lowered by the first rigging 11 so that the pile foundation 2 penetrates into the mud layer 5 of the seabed corresponding to the first to-be-laid area.

[0068] In the process of lowering the pile foundation 2 by the first rigging 11, the speed of lowering the pile foundation 2 can be strictly controlled to reduce the angular fluctuation between the pile foundation 2 and the sea surface. For example, the lowering rate of the pile foundation 2 by the first rigging 11 can be 0.5 m / min to 1 m / min. For example, it can be 0.5 m / min, 0.6 m / min, 0.7 m / min, 0.8 m / min, 0.9 m / min or 1 m / min. Of course, it can also be other lowering speeds, which are not listed here one by one.

[0069] From the perspective of the installation stability of the pile foundation 2, a suitable lowering rate can ensure that the pile foundation 2 is in uniform contact and compression with the seabed mud layer 5 during the descent. If the lowering rate is too fast, the pile foundation 2 may deviate from the predetermined trajectory due to excessive impact force, or even damage the pile body structure, resulting in unstable installation. On the contrary, if the lowering rate is too slow, although the impact force can be reduced, the construction time may be increased, and the pile foundation 2 may be corroded or disturbed by waves if it is suspended in the seawater for a long time. Therefore, the lowering rate range of 0.5 m / min to 1 m / min can take into account construction efficiency while ensuring installation stability.

[0070] From a control perspective, this speed range provides construction workers with sufficient reaction time and adjustment space. During the lowering process, construction workers can observe the descent of the pile foundation 2 in real time, and accurately control the inclination and embedding depth of the pile foundation 2 by adjusting the tension of the rigging and the lowering speed. This refined control not only helps the pile foundation 2 to form a good contact and bite with the seabed mud layer 5, but also ensures that the pile foundation 2 will not be offset or tilted due to external forces during the installation process.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, please continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, the column 21 of the pile foundation 2 may also be provided with a third hanging ear 24, which is located between the first hanging ear 22 and the second hanging ear 23, and the distance between the third hanging ear 24 and the first hanging ear 22 is smaller than the distance between the third hanging ear 24 and the second hanging ear 23. The third hanging ear 24 may also be an integrated structure with the column 21.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method of the present disclosure may also include:

[0073] Step S160, connecting the guy rope 13 at the third lifting eye 24; when lowering the pile foundation 2, adjusting the angle between the pile foundation 2 and the sea surface through the guy rope 13, so that the pile foundation 2 and the sea surface are at the preset angle.

[0074] Please continue to see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the guy rope 13 may be in a chain shape and may be detachably connected to the third lifting lug 24. The guy rope 13 may be made of a material having high strength, high wear resistance and good load-bearing capacity, for example, it may be a steel wire rope.

[0075] The cable wind rope 13 can provide additional support and adjustment force for the pile foundation 2. The pile foundation 2 can be guided to slowly descend at a preset angle by controlling the tension and direction of the cable wind rope 13. During the adjustment process, the construction personnel are required to constantly observe the descending trajectory of the pile foundation 2 and the change in the angle with the sea surface to ensure that the pile foundation 2 can reach the preset angle smoothly and accurately.

[0076] Through fine adjustment of the guy rope 13, it can be ensured that the pile foundation 2 can be embedded in the seabed mud layer 5 at the correct preset angle, which not only helps to improve the installation accuracy and stability of the pile foundation 2, but also provides a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic power station.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 As shown, the depth of the pile foundation 2 into the mud layer 5 can be greater than or equal to 5 meters, and when the pile foundation 2 penetrates into the mud layer 5 to reach or exceed 5 meters, it can more effectively disperse and transfer the load of the upper structure of the pile foundation 2, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the entire power station. At the same time, the pile foundation 2 penetrates into the seabed mud layer 5 to a greater depth, which can make the pile foundation 2 more firmly rooted in the seabed, effectively resist the impact of these external forces, and ensure the long-term stability of the power station.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, please continue to refer to Figure 5 As shown, the pile-driving ship 100 is also provided with a hanging hammer 3 and a plurality of guide hoops 4, wherein the weight of the hanging hammer 3 may be greater than the weight of the pile foundation 2, for example, the weight of the hanging hammer 3 may be about 25 tons. The length of the hanging hammer 3 may be 8 meters, and a pile pad is provided on the surface of the hanging hammer 3. The guide hoop 4 may be annular and may be distributed in a direction parallel to the sea surface. The inner ring sizes of different guide hoops 4 may be the same or different, and no special limitation is made here. The plurality of guide hoops 4 may be spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the sea surface. The material of the guide hoop 4 may be a material with strong rigidity and corrosion resistance, for example, the material may be metal, alloy or steel.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, lowering the pile foundation 2 by the first rigging 11 so that the pile foundation 2 penetrates into the mud layer 5 of the seabed corresponding to the first to-be-laid area (i.e., step S140) may include steps S210 to S230, wherein:

[0080] Step S210 , lowering the pile foundation 2 by using the first rigging 11 , so that the pile foundation 2 passes through each of the guide hoops 4 in sequence.

[0081] After the pile foundation 2 forms a preset angle with the sea surface, the pile foundation 2 can be lowered by the first rigging 11, so that the pile foundation 2 passes through each guide hoop 4 in sequence. That is, during the lowering process of the pile foundation 2, the guide hoop 4 can be used to limit and guide the pile foundation 2 to ensure the angle between the pile foundation 2 and the sea surface during the lowering process.

[0082] Step S220, continue lowering the pile foundation 2 until the pile foundation 2 contacts the mud layer 5 on the seabed.

[0083] The pile foundation 2 may continue to be lowered at a speed of 0.5 m / min to 1 m / min until the pile foundation 2 stops sinking. At this time, it can be determined that the pile foundation 2 is in contact with the seabed mud layer 5 .

[0084] Step S230: placing the hanging hammer 3 at the end of the pile foundation 2 away from the seabed and hammering until the pile foundation 2 stops sinking.

[0085] After the pile foundation 2 contacts the seabed mud layer 5, the hammer 3 can be placed on the end of the pile foundation 2 away from the seabed. It should be noted that the pile pad on the hammer 3 can face the pile foundation 2, that is, the pile pad can contact the pile foundation 2; during the hammering process, the top of the pile foundation 2 can be protected by the pile pad, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the top of the pile foundation 2. It should be noted that during the hammering process, it is necessary to ensure that the hammer 3, the pile pad and the pile foundation 2 are in the same straight line, the pile pad must be kept flat to avoid eccentric hammering, the hammering should be continuous, and the hammer core stroke is controlled within 3.4m. When the pile foundation 2 stops sinking under the hammering pressure of the hammer 3 and maintains a stable state, it can be considered that the hammering operation is completed. At this time, the depth of the pile foundation 2 into the seabed is generally greater than or equal to 5 meters. The verticality, position and stability of the pile foundation 2 can be finally checked to ensure that the design requirements are met. And after the final inspection is correct, the first rigging 11 can be lowered to separate the first rigging 11 from the pile foundation 2.

[0086] It should be noted that when the pile foundation 2 is a hollow structure, the pile foundation 2 gradually sinks during the process of hammering the pile foundation 2. At the same time, the mud layer 5 in the seabed will fill the hollow of the pile foundation 2. At this time, a close contact is formed between the mud layer 5 and the pile foundation 2, which helps to increase the frictional resistance between the pile foundation 2 and the mud layer 5, and then helps to improve the bearing capacity of the pile foundation 2, so that the pile foundation 2 can more effectively disperse and transfer the upper load.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the offshore photovoltaic support foundation construction method of the present disclosure may further include:

[0088] Step S170, after the pile foundation 2 is driven deep into the mud layer 5 of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid, the pile-driving ship 100 and the pile foundation 2 are transported to the second area to be laid on the sea surface.

[0089] Each photovoltaic module in offshore photovoltaics requires multiple pile foundations 2 to support it. For example, four pile foundations 2 can be used to support the photovoltaic module at the same time. After completing the installation of the pile foundation 2 in the first area to be laid, the pile foundation 2 in the next area can be installed. At this time, the piling ship 100 and the pile foundation 2 can be transported to the second area to be laid for installing the next pile foundation 2.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, at least some of the pile foundations 2 have different distances from the top of the sea surface to the sea surface (i.e., there may be height differences between different pile foundations 2). For example, the number of pile foundations 2 is four, wherein the distances from the top of two pile foundations 2 to the sea surface are the same, and the distances from the top of the other two pile foundations 2 to the sea surface are the same. For the convenience of distinction, the four pile foundations 2 can be defined as the first pile foundation, the second pile foundation, the third pile foundation, and the fourth pile foundation, wherein the heights of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation are the same, the heights of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation are different, and the heights of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation are greater than the heights of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation. The height difference of different pile foundations 2 can be used to accurately control the inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules installed on the top of each pile foundation 2, so that the photovoltaic modules can capture solar radiation to the greatest extent and improve the power generation efficiency. At the same time, the layout of the photovoltaic modules can also be optimized to reduce or avoid shadows between adjacent photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic modules, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic array.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least part of the pile foundation 2 penetrates into the seabed mud layer 5 at different depths, which can achieve flexible adaptation to geological conditions, optimize the pile sinking process, and reduce construction risks. The design of the shallower pile foundation 2 helps to quickly sink the pile and reduce the risk of soil flow; the deeper pile foundation 2 helps to enhance stability and ensure bearing capacity. At the same time, due to the depth of the part of the pile foundation 2 penetrating into the seabed mud layer 5, it helps to improve construction efficiency, reduce equipment energy consumption and additional reinforcement costs.

[0092] For example, the depths of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5 are substantially the same, and the depths of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5 are substantially the same, and the depths of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5 are greater than the depths of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5. For example, the depths of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5 may be 7 to 9 meters, and the depths of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation into the seabed mud layer 5 may be 5 to 7 meters.

[0093] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the height of at least some of the pile foundations 2 is different from the height of other parts of the pile foundations 2. For example, the height of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation is the same, and at the same time, the height of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation is the same, and the height of the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation is less than the height of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation. The height of the pile foundation 2 can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the pile foundation 2. For example, for the third pile foundation and the fourth pile foundation with smaller heights, a shorter pile foundation 2 can be used, thereby reducing the use of materials, avoiding unnecessary material waste, and also reducing manufacturing costs and manufacturing difficulty.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an offshore photovoltaic support foundation, characterized in that: The construction method comprises: Transporting a pile-driving ship and a pile foundation to a first area to be laid on the sea surface, wherein the pile-driving ship comprises a lifting device, wherein the lifting device comprises a first rigging and a second rigging, and the pile foundation comprises a column, a first lifting lug provided at a first end of the column, and a second lifting lug provided at a second end of the column; Connecting the first rigging to the first lifting lug, and connecting the second rigging to the second lifting lug; lifting the first rigging and the second rigging to raise the pile foundation to a preset position; lifting the first rigging and lowering the second rigging so that the pile foundation is at a preset angle with the sea surface; The pile foundation is lowered by the first rigging so that the pile foundation penetrates into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the preset position and the sea surface is 10 meters to 15 meters.

3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset angle is 85° to 95°.

4. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lowering rate of the pile foundation by the first rigging is 0.5 m / min to 1 m / min.

5. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is further provided with a third hanging ear, the third hanging ear is located between the first hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the distance between the third hanging ear and the first hanging ear is smaller than the distance between the third hanging ear and the second hanging ear, and the construction method further includes: A guy rope is connected at the third lifting eye; when the pile foundation is lowered, the guy rope is used to adjust the angle between the pile foundation and the sea surface so that the pile foundation and the sea surface are at the preset angle.

6. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the pile foundation penetrating into the mud layer is greater than or equal to 5 meters.

7. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The piling ship is also provided with a hanging hammer and a plurality of guide hoops spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the sea surface. The pile foundation is lowered by the first rigging so that the pile foundation penetrates into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid, including: Lowering the pile foundation by using the first rigging so that the pile foundation passes through each of the guide hoops in sequence; Continue lowering the pile foundation until the pile foundation contacts the mud layer on the seabed; The hanging hammer is placed in the end of the pile foundation away from the seabed and the hammer is pressed until the pile foundation stops sinking.

8. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The construction method also includes: Before connecting the first rigging to the first lifting lug and connecting the second rigging to the second lifting lug, the position of the piling vessel is fixed.

9. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The distance between the first lifting ear and the end surface of the first end is equal to the distance between the second lifting ear and the end surface of the second end.

10. The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The construction method also includes: After the pile foundation is driven deeply into the mud layer of the seabed corresponding to the first area to be laid, the pile-driving ship and the pile foundation are transported to the second area to be laid on the sea surface.

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