Construction method for ecologically restoring mine slope fixing structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for ecologically restoring a mine slope fixing structure. The ecological restoration mine slope fixing structure comprises a to-be-restored mine, a protective net arranged on a mine slope, anchor rods arranged on the mine at intervals, an ecological grid layer arranged on the outer side of the protective net, connecting nails connected between the ecological grid layer and the mine slope and covering soil filled on the ecological grid layer. Through the arrangement of the ecological base material layer, a mounting foundation can be provided for the ecological geotextile layer and the ecological supporting layer, and the net-shaped structure and the cross points of the ecological base material layer are arranged in a reinforced mode, so that drainage is facilitated, and the overall strength is guaranteed; through the arrangement of the ecological supporting layer, hanging of the soil covering layer is facilitated; the fixing structure is distinct in gradation, the ecological grid layer is easy to manufacture in batches and convenient and fast to install, the site construction time and space are greatly saved, and the ecological grid layer manufactured by combining plastic and geotechnical cloth is good in durability and water permeability and suitable for long-time application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine slope modification, and in particular to a construction method for an ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure. Background Art

[0002] Ecological grid layers are often used in ecological restoration in mines, riverbanks or polluted soil slopes. The purpose of ecological restoration is achieved by covering the soil and planting new plants through the ecological grid layers. Some general ecological grid layers are cast on site as grid-like strips, and some are modularized to generate cubic metal grids in one day; however, the concrete strips cast on site are not easy to construct due to the large slope of the slope, and they also need to be maintained, which takes a long time; the metal three-dimensional grids made by modularization are not only difficult to assemble and connect, but also have poor durability and are not easy to use for a long time; and when it needs to be covered with planting soil, its soil attachment and water permeability are poor, which is not conducive to ecological restoration. Therefore, it is necessary to design an ecological grid layer fixed structure that is convenient to construct, easy to install, and conducive to hanging and covering soil and good water permeability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a construction method for a fixed structure of an ecological restoration mine slope, which is used to solve the technical problems of convenient construction, easy installation, convenience for hanging and covering soil, and good water permeability when fixing an ecological grid layer on a mine slope.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for an ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure, the ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure comprising a mine to be restored, a protective net arranged on the mine slope, anchor rods arranged at intervals on the mine, an ecological grid layer arranged outside the protective net, connecting nails connecting the ecological grid layer and the mine slope, and covering soil filled on the ecological grid layer; The ecological grid layer comprises an ecological substrate layer, an ecological geotextile layer connected to the ecological substrate layer, and an ecological support layer connected to the ecological geotextile layer; the ecological substrate layer, the ecological geotextile layer and the ecological support layer are integrally tied and fixedly connected by ecological fixing ropes; wherein the ecological support layer is a continuous triangular piece; The construction method of fixed structure of mine slope for ecological restoration is applied, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Clean the debris from the mine slope in advance and measure the size of the mine slope to determine the length and number of ecological grid layers; Step 2: Determine the height of the ecological support layer and the distance between adjacent triangles according to the designed soil cover thickness and preliminary experiments, and then produce the ecological grid layer; Step 3: Install a protective net on the mine slope and drive anchor rods at intervals on the mine slope; then lay the finished ecological grid layer from top to bottom, overlapping and laying from one side to the other; the width direction of the ecological grid layer is perpendicular to the height direction of the mine slope; Step 4: During the laying of the ecological grid layer, holes are punched on the ecological geotextile layer and connecting nails are installed in the holes; the connecting nails are laid from top to bottom following the laying of the ecological grid layer and are densely arranged at the overlap; Step 5: Use a pump truck to spray mud at the foot of the mine slope so that the mud is attached to the ecological geotextile layer and the ecological support layer. The mud is sprayed from top to bottom until the mud forms the designed cover thickness; Step 6: After the mud is hung, a covering soil layer is formed on the mine slope, and seeds of restoration plants are sown in the covering soil layer, thereby completing the fixed structure of the ecological restoration mine slope.

[0005] Furthermore, for step 1, the size of the mine slope is determined by scanning and measuring the mine slope through a visual 3D scanner, and 3D modeling is performed based on the scanned data. The ecological grid layer is pre-laid in the 3D model, thereby determining the number and length of the ecological grid layer; The location of the subsequent construction connection nails is set in advance and the coordinates are exported to guide the subsequent connection nail placement.

[0006] Furthermore, for the preliminary experiment of step 2, a proportional reduction experiment is carried out according to the inclination angle and size of the mine slope determined in step 1, thereby determining the height and density of the ecological support layer; and through stress analysis and deformation analysis, it is ensured that the thickness of the covering layer to which the ecological support layer is mounted is at least 10% greater than the designed covering layer thickness.

[0007] Furthermore, the ecological substrate layer is a plastic mesh cloth layer, and the ecological substrate layer and the ecological support layer both include a substrate mesh and substrate reinforcement points arranged at intersections on the substrate mesh; the substrate mesh is formed by crossing plastic strips, and the substrate reinforcement points are plastic convex points arranged at the intersections; The ecological support layer is a plastic mesh cloth layer, and the ecological support layer is formed by folding the ecological base material layer into a continuous triangle shape, with the triangle tip facing upward.

[0008] Furthermore, the grid size of the ecological substrate layer is set corresponding to the overall load-bearing weight and hydrophobic requirements of the ecological grid layer; the grid setting of the support layer is set according to the weight of the covered soil to be hung; and the grid strips of the ecological support layer are also provided with uneven rough spots, which is conducive to hanging mud.

[0009] Furthermore, the ecological geotextile layer is made of polypropylene filament cloth; the ecological geotextile layer, the ecological base material layer and the ecological support layer form strips, and when the strips are laid, they are pressed from the top to the bottom, and from one side to the other side in sequence; the upper and lower pressing and the sequential pressing are not less than 10cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the ecological fixing rope is ring-shaped and corresponds to the triangle of each ecological support layer. It is connected to the top and bottom of the triangle, passes through the ecological geotextile layer and the ecological base material layer, and then passes back to the top of the triangle; the ecological fixing rope is continuously arranged in a multi-level U-shaped shape and is double-strand or multi-strand arranged.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting nail is a T-shaped piece; when the connecting nail is constructed, the ecological grid layer is laid and then holes are drilled on the ecological geotextile layer by a drilling machine, and then the vertical part of the connecting nail is installed in the hole, and its horizontal part overlaps the top of the ecological geotextile layer.

[0012] Furthermore, when the ecological grid layer is laid, anchor rods are encountered, and holes are drilled in the ecological geotextile layer to pass through the anchor rods; the length of the anchor rods extending out of the mine slope is adapted to the thickness of the covering soil layer, which is used for thickness control during subsequent mud injection.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at the foot of the mine slope, which is perpendicular to the ecological grid layer and forms a negative angle; the thickness of the baffle corresponds to the thickness of the covering layer; when the mud is sprayed, the baffle is used to control the elevation of the bottom and to block excess mud; the mud is mixed with chicken manure or organic fertilizer, and the mud mixture is adjusted to have a consistency suitable for hanging in the ecological grid layer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: 1) The present invention provides an installation foundation for the ecological geotextile layer and the ecological support layer through the setting of the ecological substrate layer, and the mesh structure and the cross points of the ecological substrate layer are strengthened, which is conducive to drainage and ensures the overall strength; 2) The present invention facilitates the attachment of the covering layer by setting up the ecological support layer, and enhances the overall stability by using the ecological fixing rope; 3) The present invention facilitates the fixation of the ecological grid layer and the mine slope by setting the connecting nails; the anchor rods not only reinforce the mine slope, but also facilitate the control of the thickness of the covering soil; In addition, through the joint settings of baffles and control of the consistency of the injected mud, effective hooking of the covering soil and convenient construction are guaranteed; the fixed structure of the present invention has clear layers, and the ecological grid layer is easy to mass produce and convenient to install, which greatly saves on-site construction time and space, and the ecological grid layer jointly produced by plastic and geotextile has good durability and permeability, and is suitable for long-term application.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or may be understood by practicing the present invention; the main purpose and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the solutions particularly pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the construction and installation of fixed structures for ecological restoration of mine slopes; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local installation of the fixed structure construction of the ecological restoration mine slope; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ecological grid layer and the connecting nails; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the ecological substrate layer structure.

[0017] Figure numbers: 1-mine, 2-anchor rod, 3-ecological grid layer, 31-ecological substrate layer, 311-substrate grid, 312-substrate reinforcement point, 32-ecological geotextile layer, 33-ecological support layer, 34-ecological fixing rope, 4-connecting nails, 5-covering layer, 6-mine slope, 7-protective net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Take a mine to be repaired as an example. Ecological restoration is carried out by planting plants. Ecological restoration requires slope reinforcement and soil covering. The reinforcement structure is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 The ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure comprises a mine 1 to be restored, a protective net 7 arranged on the mine slope 5, anchor rods 2 arranged at intervals on the mine 1, an ecological grid layer 3 arranged outside the protective net 7, connecting nails 4 connecting the ecological grid layer 3 and the mine slope 5, and covering soil filled on the ecological grid layer 3.

[0019] In this embodiment, the ecological grid layer 3 includes an ecological substrate layer 31, an ecological geotextile layer 32 connected to the top of the ecological substrate layer 31, and an ecological support layer 33 connected to the top of the ecological geotextile layer 32; the ecological substrate layer 31, the ecological geotextile layer 32 and the ecological support layer 33 are integrally tied and fixedly connected by an ecological fixing rope 34; wherein the ecological support layer 33 is a continuous triangular piece; Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, the construction method of the fixed structure of the mine slope for ecological restoration is applied, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: clean the movable gravel on the mine slope 5 in advance and measure the size of the mine slope 5 to determine the length and number of the ecological grid layer 3.

[0020] For step 1, the size of the mine slope 5 is determined by scanning and measuring the mine slope 5 with a visual 3D scanner, and 3D modeling is performed based on the scanned data. The ecological grid layer 3 is pre-laid in the 3D model, thereby determining the number and length of the ecological grid layer 3; The location of the connection nails 4 for subsequent construction is pre-set and the coordinates are derived to guide the subsequent driving of the connection nails 4.

[0021] Step 2: Determine the height of the ecological support layer 33 and the distance between adjacent triangles according to the designed soil cover thickness and preliminary experiments, and then produce the ecological grid layer 3.

[0022] For the preliminary experiment of step 2, a proportional reduction experiment is carried out according to the inclination angle and size of the mine slope 5 determined in step 1, thereby determining the height and density of the ecological support layer 33; and through force analysis and deformation analysis, it is ensured that the thickness of the covering layer 5 to which the ecological support layer 33 is mounted is at least 10% greater than the designed thickness of the covering layer 5.

[0023] The ecological substrate layer 31 is a plastic mesh cloth layer. Both the ecological substrate layer 31 and the ecological support layer 33 include a substrate grid 311 and substrate reinforcement points 312 arranged at the intersections of the substrate grid 311; the substrate grid 311 is formed by crossing plastic strips, and the substrate reinforcement points 312 are plastic protrusions arranged at the intersections; the ecological support layer 33 is a plastic mesh cloth layer. The ecological support layer 33 is formed by folding the ecological substrate layer 31 into a continuous triangular shape, with the tip of the triangle facing upward.

[0024] In this embodiment, the grid size of the ecological substrate layer 31 is set corresponding to the overall load-bearing weight and hydrophobic requirements of the ecological grid layer 3; the grid of the support layer is set according to the weight of the covered soil to be mounted; the grid strips of the ecological support layer 33 are also provided with uneven rough spots, which is conducive to the mounting of mud. In this embodiment, the ecological support layer 33 is bent by a folding machine, and the folding machine is provided with an upper knife and a lower knife, which work alternately to bend it. After bending, it then enters the height chamber. The height chamber is heated and formed, that is, the curvature is softened. After shaping, it is blown by cooling air and then extruded by pressure. The folding height and spacing can be adjusted through the program from the control panel.

[0025] In this embodiment, the ecological geotextile layer 32 is made of polypropylene filament cloth; the ecological geotextile layer 32, the ecological substrate layer 31 and the ecological support layer 33 form strips, which are pressed from the top to the bottom and from one side to the other side in sequence when laid; the upper and lower pressing and sequential pressing are not less than 10cm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ecological fixing rope 34 is ring-shaped and corresponds to the triangle of each ecological support layer 33. It is wound around the top and bottom of the triangle, passes through the ecological geotextile layer 32 and the ecological base material layer 31, and then passes back to the top of the triangle; the ecological fixing rope 34 is continuously arranged in a multi-level U-shaped shape and is double-strand or multi-strand arranged.

[0027] Step three, install the protective net 7 on the mine slope 5, and install anchor rods 2 at intervals on the mine slope 5; then lay the completed ecological grid layer 3 from top to bottom, overlapping and laying from one side to the other; the width direction of the ecological grid layer 3 is perpendicular to the height direction of the mine slope 5.

[0028] Step 4: During the laying of the ecological grid layer 3, holes are punched on the ecological geotextile layer 32, and connecting nails 4 are installed in the holes; the connecting nails 4 are laid from top to bottom following the laying of the ecological grid layer 3, and are densely arranged at the overlap.

[0029] The connecting nail 4 is a T-shaped piece; when the connecting nail 4 is constructed, the ecological grid layer 3 is laid and then a hole is drilled on the ecological geotextile layer 32 by a drilling machine, and then the vertical part of the connecting nail 4 is installed in the hole, and its horizontal part overlaps the top of the ecological geotextile layer 32.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the ecological grid layer 3 is laid, it encounters the anchor rod 2, and the ecological geotextile layer 32 is drilled with a hole to connect the anchor rod 2; the length of the anchor rod 2 extending out of the mine slope 5 is adapted to the thickness of the overburden layer 5, which is used to control the thickness during subsequent mud injection. A baffle is also provided at the foot of the mine slope 5, which is perpendicular to the ecological grid layer 3 and forms a negative angle; the thickness of the baffle corresponds to the thickness of the overburden layer 5; when injecting mud, the baffle is used to control the bottom elevation and block excess mud; Step 5: Use a pump truck to spray mud at the foot of the mine slope 6 so that the mud is hooked in the ecological geotextile layer 32 and the ecological support layer 33. The mud is sprayed from top to bottom until the mud forms the designed covering thickness.

[0031] Step 6: After the mud is hung, the soil layer 5 of the mine slope 5 is formed, and the seeds of the restoration plants are sown in the soil layer 5, thereby completing the ecological restoration of the mine slope fixed structure. The mud is mixed with chicken manure or organic fertilizer, and the mud mixture is adjusted to a consistency suitable for hanging in the ecological grid layer 3, and then the soil layer 5 is formed and sown and planted.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a technician familiar with the technical field can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for ecological restoration of a mine slope fixed structure, characterized in that: The ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure comprises a mine to be restored (1), a protective net (7) arranged on the mine slope (5), anchor rods (2) arranged at intervals on the mine (1), an ecological grid layer (3) arranged outside the protective net (7), connecting nails (4) connecting the ecological grid layer (3) and the mine slope (5), and covering soil filled on the ecological grid layer (3); The ecological grid layer (3) comprises an ecological substrate layer (31), an ecological geotextile layer (32) connected to the top of the ecological substrate layer (31), and an ecological support layer (33) connected to the top of the ecological geotextile layer (32); the ecological substrate layer (31), the ecological geotextile layer (32), and the ecological support layer (33) are integrally tied and fixedly connected by an ecological fixing rope (34); wherein the ecological support layer (33) is a continuous triangular piece; The construction method of fixed structure of mine slope for ecological restoration is applied, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: pre-clean the movable gravel on the mine slope (5) and measure the size of the mine slope (5), thereby determining the length and number of the ecological grid layer (3); Step 2: Determine the height of the ecological support layer (33) and the distance between adjacent triangles according to the designed soil cover thickness and preliminary experiments, and then produce the ecological grid layer (3); Step 3: Install a protective net (7) on the mine slope (5), and install anchor rods (2) at intervals on the mine slope (5); then lay the finished ecological grid layer (3) from top to bottom, overlapping and laying from one side to the other side; wherein the width direction of the ecological grid layer (3) is perpendicular to the height direction of the mine slope (5); Step 4: During the laying process of the ecological grid layer (3), holes are punched on the ecological geotextile layer (32), and connecting nails (4) are installed in the holes; the connecting nails (4) are laid from top to bottom following the laying of the ecological grid layer (3), and are densely arranged at the overlapped parts; Step 5: At the foot of the mine slope (6), mud is sprayed by a pump truck so that the mud is attached to the ecological geotextile layer (32) and the ecological support layer (33). The mud is sprayed from top to bottom until the mud forms the designed covering thickness; Step 6: After the mud is hooked up, a soil cover layer (5) of the mine slope (5) is formed, and seeds of restoration plants are sown in the soil cover layer (5), thereby completing the fixed structure of the ecological restoration mine slope.

2. A construction method for an ecological restoration mine slope fixed structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the size of the mine slope (5) is determined by scanning and measuring the mine slope (5) using a visual 3D scanner, and 3D modeling is performed based on the scanned data. The ecological grid layer (3) is pre-laid in the 3D model, thereby determining the number and length of the ecological grid layer (3); The location of the subsequent construction connection nails (4) is pre-set and the coordinates are derived to guide the subsequent installation of the connection nails (4).

3. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: For the preliminary experiment of step 2, a proportional reduction experiment is carried out based on the inclination angle and size of the mine slope (5) determined in step 1, thereby determining the height and density of the ecological support layer (33); and through force analysis and deformation analysis, it is ensured that the thickness of the covering soil layer (5) to which the ecological support layer (33) is mounted is at least 10% greater than the designed thickness of the covering soil layer (5).

4. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological substrate layer (31) is a plastic mesh cloth layer, and the ecological substrate layer (31) and the ecological support layer (33) both comprise a substrate mesh (311) and substrate reinforcement points (312) arranged at intersections on the substrate mesh (311); the substrate mesh (311) is formed by crossing plastic strips, and the substrate reinforcement points (312) are plastic protrusions arranged at the intersections; The ecological support layer (33) is formed by folding the ecological base material layer (31) into a continuous triangular shape, with the tip of the triangle facing upward.

5. A construction method for a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The mesh size of the ecological base material layer (31) is set in accordance with the overall bearing weight and water-repellent requirements of the ecological mesh layer (3); the mesh size of the support layer is set according to the weight of the covered soil to be mounted; and the mesh strips of the ecological support layer (33) are also provided with uneven rough spots, thereby facilitating the mounting of mud.

6. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological geotextile layer (32) is made of polypropylene filament cloth; the ecological geotextile layer (32), the ecological base material layer (31) and the ecological support layer (33) form a strip, and when the strip is laid, it is pressed from the top to the bottom, and from one side to the other side in sequence; the upper and lower pressing and the sequential pressing are not less than 10 cm.

7. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological fixing rope (34) is ring-shaped and corresponds to the triangle of each ecological support layer (33). It is wound around the top and bottom of the triangle, passes through the ecological geotextile layer (32) and the ecological base material layer (31), and then passes back to the top of the triangle. The ecological fixing rope (34) is continuously arranged in a multi-level U-shaped shape and is arranged in double strands or multiple strands.

8. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting nail (4) is a T-shaped piece; when the connecting nail (4) is constructed, after the ecological grid layer (3) is laid, a hole is drilled on the ecological geotextile layer (32) by a drilling machine, and then the vertical part of the connecting nail (4) is installed in the hole, and its horizontal part overlaps the top of the ecological geotextile layer (32).

9. The construction method of a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the ecological grid layer (3) is laid, an anchor rod (2) is encountered, and a hole is punched in the ecological geotextile layer (32) to pass through the anchor rod (2); wherein the length of the anchor rod (2) extending out of the mine slope (5) is adapted to the thickness of the overburden layer (5), which is used for thickness control during subsequent mud injection.

10. A construction method for a fixed structure for ecological restoration of a mine slope as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A baffle is also provided at the foot of the mine slope (5), the baffle being arranged perpendicular to the ecological grid layer (3) and forming a negative angle; the thickness of the baffle corresponds to the thickness of the overburden layer (5); when the mud is sprayed, the baffle is used to control the elevation of the bottom and to block excess mud; the mud is mixed with chicken manure or organic fertilizer, and the mud mixture is adjusted to have a consistency suitable for hanging in the ecological grid layer (3).

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