Dual-purpose telescopic impeller structure for pressure pump

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-purpose telescopic impeller structure for a pressure pump. The dual-purpose telescopic impeller structure comprises a rotating shaft, small blades, an impeller, a tension spring and a vaneless diffuser, the impeller comprises a main body structure and a plurality of large blades, the large blades are arranged on the front face of the main body structure, and an impeller back body is installed on the back face. A plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the impeller body structure, each sliding groove corresponds to one large blade, a small blade is arranged on each sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the small blades are connected with the impeller back body through tension springs. Bosses are arranged on the small blades, and clamping grooves matched with the bosses are formed in the tail edges of the large blades of the impeller; when the speed of the rotating shaft is high, centrifugal force borne by the small blades is larger than tension of the tension spring, and the small blades completely extend out of the impeller and can work as a compressor. According to the dual-purpose telescopic impeller structure for the pressure pump, the functions of the pump and a compressor can be combined on one device, and not only can the pressure of gas be increased, but also the energy of liquid can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of centrifugal compressors and relates to a retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pumping. Background Art

[0002] A pump is a machine that transfers the mechanical energy of the prime mover or other external energy to the liquid to increase the energy of the liquid. A compressor is a driven fluid machine that boosts low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas. It is expensive to buy both a pump and a compressor at the same time. If the functions of the two can be combined in one device, the cost will be reduced.

[0003] There is no research on the impeller structure of centrifugal compressors that can be used as both a pump and a compressor in the market. There are huge differences in physical properties between liquids and gases, so the design of the impeller of a centrifugal compressor that can be used as both a pump and a compressor is obviously more difficult than the design of a centrifugal compressor that can be used as a single working fluid. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pumping, which combines the functions of a pump and a compressor in one device, and can both increase the pressure of gas and increase the energy of liquid.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is:

[0006] The present invention proposes a retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pumping, the special features of which are:

[0007] It includes a rotating shaft, small blades, an impeller, a tension spring and a bladeless diffuser; the impeller includes a main structure and a plurality of large blades, the large blades are arranged on the front of the main structure, and the impeller back body is installed at the center of the back of the main structure;

[0008] The rotating shaft is fixed to the impeller after passing through the bladeless diffuser, and the bottom surface of the main structure is opposite to the bladeless diffuser; a cavity is provided inside the impeller main structure, and a plurality of slide grooves are provided in the cavity, each slide groove corresponds to a large blade, and the extension directions of the two are corresponding, and a small blade is slidably provided on each slide groove, and the small blade is connected to the back body of the impeller through a tension spring; a boss is provided at one end of the upper part of the small blade close to the rotating shaft, and a groove matching the boss is provided at the trailing edge of the large blade of the impeller, and the boss and the groove cooperate with each other to limit the small blade to ensure that the small blade will not separate from the impeller under high speed conditions; the tension spring needs to select a suitable length and elastic coefficient to ensure that the small blade can be fully extended when used as a compressor, and the small blade can be completely hidden inside the impeller when used as a centrifugal pump.

[0009] When the shaft speed is low, the small blades are held inside the main structure of the impeller by the tension of the tension spring, and can work as a pump; when the shaft speed is high, the centrifugal force on the small blades is greater than the tension of the tension spring, and the small blades are completely extended from the inside of the impeller, and can work as a compressor.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a volute, and the upper part of the small blade is provided with a curved surface, and the curved surface matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

[0011] Furthermore, each slide groove of the internal cavity of the impeller main structure is composed of an upper groove and a lower groove, and the upper groove and the lower groove are respectively arranged on the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the impeller back body and the root of the small blade are both provided with a tension spring hook for fixing with the tension spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the two sides of the boss on the small blade are flush with the trailing edge of the blade.

[0014] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the center of the bladeless diffuser, and the back side of the impeller main structure and the impeller back body are located in the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is provided with a step, and the impeller back body is installed on the step.

[0016] Furthermore, a through hole is provided at the center of the impeller, a recessed groove is provided around one end of the through hole, and the rotating shaft is also provided with a secondary step, and the impeller is installed on the secondary step through the recessed groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole in the center of the impeller and is fixed with a nut.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] The retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump provided by the present invention has a simple overall structure and combines the functions of a pump and a compressor in one device, which can both increase the pressure of gas and increase the energy of liquid, thereby reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the retractable impeller in a stretched state;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the retractable impeller in a compressed state;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the small blade of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the impeller;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the impeller without the impeller back body;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the small blades and the impeller body;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the impeller.

[0027] In the figure, 1. volute; 2. bladeless diffuser; 3. small blades; 4. impeller; 5. tension spring; 6. impeller back body; 7. rotating shaft; 8. large blades; 9. boss; 10. slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 7 A retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pumping includes a rotating shaft 7, small blades 3, an impeller 4, a tension spring 5 and a bladeless diffuser 2.

[0030] See also Figure 4 The impeller 4 includes a main structure and a plurality of large blades 8, and the large blades 8 are arranged on the front of the main structure. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the bladeless diffuser 2 and is fixed to the impeller 4. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bladeless diffuser 2 is arranged at the outlet of the large blade 8. The back surface of the main structure of the impeller 4 is opposite to the bladeless diffuser 2.

[0031] See also Figure 5 and Figure 7 The main structure has a cavity inside, and a plurality of slide grooves are arranged in the cavity radiating from the center to the outside. Each slide groove corresponds to a large blade 8, and the extension directions of the two are corresponding. A small blade 3 is slidably arranged on each slide groove, and the small blade 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 7 through a tension spring 5. Figure 3 and Figure 6, a boss 9 is provided at one end of the upper part of the small blade 3 near the rotating shaft, and a slot 10 is provided at the trailing edge of the large blade of the impeller 4 to cooperate with the boss 9. The boss 9 and the slot 10 cooperate with each other to limit the small blade 3, ensuring that the small blade will not separate from the impeller under high speed conditions. When the rotating shaft 7 is at a low speed, the small blade 3 is subjected to the tension of the tension spring 5 and remains inside the main structure of the impeller 4, and can work as a pump; when the rotating shaft 7 is at a high speed, the centrifugal force on the small blade 3 is greater than the tension of the tension spring 5, and the small blade 3 is completely extended from the inside of the impeller, and can work as a compressor, and under the action of the small boss 9 at the root of the small blade, it is ensured that the small blade will not separate from the impeller. The tension spring 5 needs to select a suitable length and elastic coefficient to ensure that the small blade can be fully extended when used as a compressor, and the small blade can be completely hidden inside the impeller when used as a centrifugal pump.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The above-mentioned retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump also includes a volute, and the upper part of the small blade 3 is provided with a curved surface, which matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump adopts a split structure, the rotating shaft 7 passes through the impeller back body 6, and each slide groove of the internal cavity of the main structure is composed of an upper groove and a lower groove, and the upper groove and the lower groove are respectively arranged on the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the cavity. A section of the lower groove is also provided on the impeller back body 6, and the impeller back body with a tension spring hook is separated from the impeller, so that there is enough space in the inlet area of ​​the slide groove in the impeller, and the small blades can be installed in the slide groove. The impeller back body 6 is fixed to the main structure of the impeller by screws.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 1 The impeller back body 6 and the root of the small blade 3 are both provided with a tension spring hook for fixing with the tension spring 5.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two sides of the boss 9 on the small blade 3 are flush with the trailing edge of the blade.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove is provided in the center of the bladeless diffuser 2, and the back of the impeller main structure and the impeller back body 6 are located in the groove. When the small blades are running at high speed, they will extend to occupy part of the diffuser space, so the diffuser adopts a bladeless diffuser.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 5 The impeller 4 is provided with a through hole at its center, a sink groove is provided around one end of the through hole, and the rotating shaft is provided with a first step and a second step (see Figure 1), the impeller back body 6 is installed on the first step, and the impeller 4 is installed on the second step through a sink groove.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rotating shaft passes through the through hole in the center of the impeller 4 and is fixed with a nut.

[0039] The working principle of the retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0040] Reference Figure 4 When the retractable impeller is used as a centrifugal compressor, the rotating shaft speed is high. Under the action of centrifugal force, the tension spring 5 connecting the impeller 4 and the small blade 3 is stretched, and the small blade 3 is fully extended from the impeller 4 to the area of ​​the bladeless diffuser 2. The incoming gas passes through the impeller in the stretched state, then flows into the bladeless diffuser 2, and finally flows out of the volute 1, thereby achieving gas compression.

[0041] refer to Figure 5 When the retractable impeller is used as a centrifugal pump, the rotating shaft speed is low. Due to the small centrifugal force, the tension spring 5 used to connect the impeller 4 and the small blades 3 is stretched less, and the small blades 3 are still kept inside the impeller 4. The incoming liquid passes through the impeller in a compressed state, then flows into the bladeless diffuser 2, and finally flows out of the volute 1 to achieve pressurization of the liquid.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related system fields, are also included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating shaft (7), small blades (3), an impeller (4), a tension spring (5) and a bladeless diffuser (2); The impeller (4) comprises a main body structure and a plurality of large blades (8), wherein the large blades (8) are arranged on the front side of the main body structure, and an impeller back body (6) is installed at the center of the back side of the main body structure; The rotating shaft (7) passes through the bladeless diffuser (2) and is fixed to the impeller (4), and the back side of the main structure is opposite to the bladeless diffuser (2); a cavity is provided inside the main structure, and a plurality of slide grooves are provided in the cavity, each slide groove corresponds to a large blade (8), and the extension directions of the two are corresponding, and a small blade (3) is slidably provided on each slide groove, and the small blade (3) is connected to the impeller back body (6) through a tension spring (5); a boss (9) is provided at one end of the upper part of the small blade (3) close to the rotating shaft, and a groove (10) matching with the boss (9) is provided at the trailing edge of the large blade, and the boss (9) and the groove (10) cooperate with each other to limit the small blade (3) to ensure that the small blade will not separate from the impeller when running under high speed conditions; When the speed of the rotating shaft (7) is low, the small blades (3) are subjected to the pulling force of the tension spring (5) and remain inside the main structure of the impeller (4), and can work as a pump; when the speed of the rotating shaft (7) is high, the centrifugal force on the small blades (3) is greater than the pulling force of the tension spring (5), and the small blades (3) are completely extended from the inside of the impeller, and can work as a compressor.

2. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a volute, wherein the upper part of the small blade (3) is provided with a curved surface, and the curved surface matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

3. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Each slide groove of the internal cavity of the main structure consists of an upper groove and a lower groove, and the upper groove and the lower groove are respectively arranged on the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the cavity.

4. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The impeller back body (6) and the root of the small blade (3) are both provided with a tension spring hook for fixing with the tension spring (5).

5. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The small blade (3) is located on both sides of the boss (9) and is flush with the trailing edge of the large blade (8).

6. The retractable impeller structure for both pressure and pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: A groove is provided at the center of the bladeless diffuser (2), and the back side of the impeller main structure and the impeller back body (6) are located in the groove.

7. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The rotating shaft (7) is provided with a step, and the impeller back body (6) is mounted on the step.

8. The retractable impeller structure for pressure and pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: The center of the impeller (4) is provided with a through hole, one end of the through hole is provided with a recessed groove, and the rotating shaft (7) is also provided with a second step, and the impeller (4) is installed on the second step through the recessed groove.

9. The retractable impeller structure for pressure pumping according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (7) passes through the through hole in the center of the impeller (4) and is fixed with a nut.

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