Main shaft structure suitable for high load bearing

Abstract

The invention relates to a spindle structure suitable for high load bearing, which comprises a spindle and a roller bearing, the roller bearing is used for supporting the spindle, the roller bearing comprises a bearing retainer, a roller, an inner ring and an outer ring, the bearing retainer is used for positioning the roller, the bearing retainer comprises an annular support frame and a plurality of positioning parts, the annular support frame comprises an inner circular frame and an outer circular frame, a plurality of positioning parts are uniformly distributed between the inner circular frame and the outer circular frame, pockets are formed among the plurality of positioning parts, an opening is formed in the inner circular frame, and each pocket is of a semi-closed structure. When the main shaft structure is overhauled, the bearing retainer can be replaced without integrally disassembling the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, so that the overhauling and mounting cost is reduced, and the operation steps are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a main shaft structure suitable for high load bearing. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine is an electric device that converts wind energy into mechanical work, which drives the rotor to rotate and finally outputs alternating current. A wind turbine generally consists of a wind rotor, a generator (including a device), a stabiliser (tail), a tower, a speed limit safety mechanism and an energy storage device.

[0003] The main load sources of the main shaft in the wind turbine are the gravity load of the fan blades and hub, the deadweight load of the main shaft, the support force and thrust force of the main shaft bearing, the inertial load and aerodynamic load of the wind acting on the main shaft through the blades and hub, etc. Therefore, the main shaft needs to bear radial force and axial force generated by wind. In addition, due to the particularity of the working environment of the fan, axial impact will also be generated with the sudden change of wind speed. The inner ring of the fan main shaft bearing is installed with the fan main shaft through an interference fit, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the special support of the frame. The axial force is applied by the shoulder of the main shaft to the end face of the inner ring 5 of the bearing.

[0004] The main shaft bearings have to bear the weight of the wind blades and the hub, the weight of the main shaft, the support force of the main shaft bearings, the thrust force, and the force of the wind on the main shaft through the wind blades and the hub. Therefore, the main shaft bearings are mainly subjected to radial forces, and are also subject to some axial forces caused by the wind. The load state of the main shaft bearing is relatively complex, changes with the wind, and is accompanied by vibration. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately calculate its load-bearing capacity, and only the force condition of the bearing can be estimated. The average effective load of the bearing is generally determined by the ratio of load, speed and time under several working conditions. During the operation of the wind turbine, due to the influence of factors such as load state and shaft deformation, higher requirements are placed on the adjustment ability of the main shaft bearings.

[0005] One of the main reasons for the failure of high-speed rotating bearings is that the clearance increases after the cage is worn and the instability of the cage movement increases when it is subjected to impact loads. When the bearing is running at high speed, there is an abnormal axial load acting on the rolling elements in the outer row, which causes severe sliding friction between the rolling elements and the outer ribs of the cage, and the rotation trajectory of the rolling elements deviates, causing the cage to run unstably and bear periodic shear forces. These factors work together to cause the damage of the cage and the final locking and burning of the bearing. In this case, when inspecting the bearings of large wind turbines, it is often necessary to remove the bearings from the main shaft and replace the integral bearings, which will result in high inspection and installation costs and cumbersome operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention aims to solve the technical problem that when the main shaft structure of the fan is subjected to high load, the bearing as the main supporting component and its retainer are damaged, which will lead to increased clearance and aggravated instability of the retainer movement when subjected to impact load. When the bearing retainer is damaged, the bearing needs to be removed from the main shaft structure for overall replacement, which makes maintenance difficult. The present invention provides a main shaft structure suitable for high load, which can replace the bearing retainer without removing the bearing when the main shaft structure is repaired. The main concept is:

[0007] A spindle structure suitable for high load, comprising a spindle and a roller bearing, the roller bearing is used to support the spindle, the roller bearing comprises a bearing retainer, a roller, an inner ring and an outer ring, the bearing retainer is used to position the roller, the bearing retainer comprises an annular support frame and a plurality of positioning parts, the annular support frame comprises an inner circular frame and an outer circular frame, a plurality of positioning parts are evenly arranged between the inner circular frame and the outer circular frame, pockets are formed between the plurality of positioning parts, the inner circular frame is provided with an opening, and the pockets are a semi-closed structure; after the bearing retainer is worn out and fails, the damaged bearing retainer is cut off and removed, and then the replaced bearing retainer is installed between the inner ring and the outer ring through the retainer support tooling. The roller bearing of this scheme can withstand axial loads and high radial loads during operation. The rollers are placed in the pockets of the bearing retainer and positioned in the retainer so that the rollers can be evenly distributed between the inner ring and the outer ring for force. After the roller bearing is assembled, the outer ring is connected to the bearing seat and the inner ring is connected to the main shaft so that the main shaft can be stably installed through the roller bearing. During maintenance, after the roller bearing is removed, since an opening is provided on the side of the positioning portion of the bearing retainer away from the annular support frame, the bearing retainer can be removed along the outer side of the roller bearing, and a new bearing retainer can be installed through the retainer support tooling.

[0008] Preferably, the roller bearing is a double-row tapered roller bearing, and the roller bearing also includes an outer ring and two inner rings, wherein the inner ring is a tapered ring, the outer ring is a double-raceway outer ring, and an inclined raceway is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring. During the installation of the roller bearing, the rollers are first distributed on the outer wall of the inner ring, and the ends of the rollers are positioned with the limiting ribs of the inner ring. The roller bearing uses a double-row tapered roller bearing to bear radial and axial loads, so that the main shaft can stably transmit power during the rotation of the blade drive, in order to achieve torque transmission under high load conditions.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention aims to solve the technical problem that the bearing retainer is difficult to remove from the main shaft and then replace and reassemble after being worn during high load stress. Further, the bearing retainer includes a plurality of arc assembly frames, and the sections on both sides of the arc assembly frame are respectively provided with a locking convex surface and a locking groove, and the two locking convex surfaces and the locking grooves cooperate with each other for detachable connection. When installing the roller in the pocket hole of the present scheme, the arc assembly frame is first spliced. After splicing, the rollers are respectively arranged in the pocket holes for positioning with the assistance of the positioning tooling. The rollers are axially positioned between the outer circular frame and the inner circular frame. The segmented structure is separately disassembled according to the actual usage conditions. The arc assembly frame of the bearing retainer does not need to be removed from the end of the main shaft along the main shaft by disassembling the roller bearing when replacing it. The two arc assembly frames are replaced in the roller bearing according to the degree of wear of the rollers thereon. During the replacement process, the sealing end covers on both sides of the roller bearing are released, so that the arc assembly frame of the bearing retainer releases the cooperation between the locking convex surface and the locking groove during the pulling-out process, and the arc assembly frame can be removed along the inclination direction of the inclined raceway in the roller bearing. The arc assembly frame will not be constrained by the main shaft, so that the arc assembly frame can be removed from the main shaft gear train without removing the retainer.

[0010] Preferably, the outer circular frame includes a closing bevel and a closing reinforcement rib, one side of the closing bevel is connected to the positioning portion, the other side of the closing bevel is connected to the closing reinforcement rib in a circular arc transition, the side wall of the closing reinforcement rib is parallel to the axis, and the inclination angle of the closing bevel is the same as the inclination angle of the positioning portion relative to the inclined raceway. This solution is provided with a closing reinforcement rib at the extension of the outer circular frame, which can improve the overall strength of the outer circular frame. Since the outer circular frame of the bearing retainer is formed by splicing a plurality of circular arc assembly frames, this solution adds a circle of closing reinforcement ribs on the basis of the closing bevel, which can not only strengthen the overall strength of the bearing retainer, but also improve the alignment accuracy of multiple semicircular frames during installation through the horizontally arranged closing reinforcement ribs.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention aims to solve the technical problem that the connection section position is displaced due to the insufficient strength of the arc assembly frame after assembly. Furthermore, a circular ring fastener is also provided on the outside of the annular support frame of the bearing retainer, and a groove strip is provided in the circular ring fastener, and the closing reinforcement ribs of multiple arc assembly frames are embedded in the groove strip. By adding a circle of circular ring fasteners to the outside of the arc assembly frame after the splicing is completed, the closing reinforcement rib position of the outer frame is positioned by the circular ring groove strip after the splicing of multiple arc assembly frames is completed. On the one hand, the bearing retainer composed of the arc assembly frame can be concentrically arranged to ensure that the bearing retainer can be evenly stressed during the rotation of the roller bearing. On the other hand, the installation of the circular ring fastener can increase the strength of the outer frame position to prevent the outer frame from being displaced or broken at the connection.

[0012] Preferably, the bearing retainer is a support structure made of a metal-plastic composite material. The metal-plastic composite material has the characteristics of low friction resistance, wear resistance, and a wide range of applications. When the main shaft is subjected to radial and axial loads generated during the rotation process under the action of wind force, the bearing retainer made of the metal-plastic composite material has good elastic deformation ability and wear resistance and impact resistance, so as to improve the bearing capacity and operation effect of the bearing.

[0013] Preferably, the width of the pocket hole is smaller than the roller diameter, and the maximum gap distance of the opening is 2 / 3 of the roller diameter. The width of the pocket hole is smaller than the roller diameter so that the roller can be between the inner ring and the bearing cage, and the bearing cage can constrain the roller. If the semi-closed opening distance is set to be larger than the roller diameter, after each arc assembly frame in the bearing cage loses connection and the arc assembly frame moves slightly along the radial outer side of the roller, the opening distance of the semi-closed opening will be larger than the cross-sectional width of the projection position.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a bearing seat, a gearbox and a hub structure, the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the cabin bottom plate, one end of the main shaft is connected to the hub, the other end of the main shaft is connected to the gearbox through a coupling, the gearbox is connected to the generator, and the main shaft includes a first mounting part and a second mounting part, the first mounting part is used to mount a roller bearing, and the second mounting part is used to mount a gearbox sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the retainer expansion tooling includes a clamping part, a movable expansion part and a pushing part, the clamping part includes a guide sleeve 1 and clamping claws evenly arranged on the outside of the guide sleeve 1 for cooperating with the outer circular frame of the bearing retainer, the movable expansion part includes a guide sleeve 2 and a plurality of movable expansion rods for expanding the positioning part of the bearing retainer, and the pushing part includes a guide column and a plurality of pressure blocks for driving the movable expansion rods to perform angular deflection; the number of movable expansion rods and pressure blocks is consistent with the number of positioning parts of the bearing retainer, the guide sleeve 2 is inserted into the guide sleeve 1 for sliding fit, and the guide column is inserted into the guide sleeve 2 for sliding fit.

[0016] Preferably, the movable spreading rod is hingedly installed on the O-ring, and the movable spreading rod includes a spreading rod portion and a pressure rod portion connected to the top of the spreading rod portion, the spreading rod portion cooperates with the inner side of the positioning portion of the bearing retainer, and the pressure rod portion cooperates with a pressure block of the pushing portion, and by moving the pushing portion toward the clamping portion, the pressure block drives the movable spreading rod to apply an outward spreading force to the positioning portion, and the spreading rod portion moves vertically under the constraint of the outer circular frame to spread the positioning portion to a vertical state, and the pressure block continues to approach the clamping portion so that the hinged position of the movable spreading rod and the O-ring is located at the positioning portion, the spreading rod portion loses the constraint of the outer circular frame, and the spreading rod portion continues to spread the positioning portion.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: since the side of the positioning portion of the bearing retainer away from the annular support frame is provided with an opening, the bearing retainer can be removed along the outer side of the roller bearing. When the main shaft structure is overhauled, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing do not need to be disassembled to replace the bearing retainer, which reduces the cost of overhaul and installation and reduces the operation steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bearing retainer of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc assembly frame of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pocket hole of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular ring fastener of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the opening of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 The structure of the retainer support tool of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 8 The structure of the retainer support tool of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0026] The reference numerals include: 1, spindle; 2, roller bearing; 3, bearing retainer; 31, outer circular frame; 311, closing bevel; 312, closing reinforcing rib; 32, inner circular frame; 33, positioning portion; 34, pocket; 35, opening; 4, roller; 5, inner ring; 6, outer ring; 7, arc assembly frame; 71, locking convex surface; 72, locking groove; 8, circular ring fastener; 81, groove strip; 9, retainer support tool; 91, clamping portion; 911, guide sleeve one; 912, clamping claw; 92, movable expansion portion; 921, movable expansion rod; 922, guide sleeve two; 93, pushing portion; 931, pressure block; 932, guide column; 94, auxiliary handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that all actions to obtain signals, information or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where they are located, and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0029] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used, such as "inside" and "outside", are defined according to the corresponding parts' own contours. The terms used in the present disclosure, such as "first" and "second", etc., are used to distinguish one element from another element and do not have order and importance.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a spindle structure suitable for high load-bearing capacity in this embodiment includes a spindle 1 and a roller bearing 2, wherein the roller bearing 2 is used to support the spindle 1, and the roller bearing 2 includes a bearing retainer 3 and a roller 4, wherein the bearing retainer 3 includes an annular support frame and a plurality of positioning portions 33, wherein the annular support frame includes an inner circular frame 32 and an outer circular frame 31, wherein a plurality of positioning portions 33 are evenly distributed between the inner circular frame 32 and the outer circular frame 31, and pockets 34 are formed between the plurality of positioning portions 33, wherein the inner circular frame 32 is provided with an opening 35, and the pockets 34 are semi-closed structures, and the pockets 34 are used to position the rollers 4. In this solution, rollers 4 are placed in pockets 34 of the bearing retainer 3. The rollers 4 are evenly distributed in the bearing retainer 3, so that the rollers 4 can be evenly distributed between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6 to bear the force. After the roller bearing 2 is assembled, the outer ring 6 is connected to the bearing seat, and the inner ring 5 is connected to the main shaft 1, so that the main shaft 1 is stably installed through the roller bearing 2, and the roller bearing 2 can withstand high loads during operation. During maintenance, since an opening 35 is provided on one side of the positioning portion 33 of the bearing retainer 3, if the rollers 4 are not constrained by the annular support frame at the opening 35 of the bearing retainer 3, the bearing retainer 3 can be removed along the outer side of the roller bearing 2.

[0032] The bearing retainer 3 evenly positions the rollers 4 between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6 of the bearing. The bearing retainer 3 equally separates the rollers 4, which can ensure that a certain distance is maintained between the rollers 4 to prevent the rollers 4 from rubbing, colliding or sticking to each other during operation. In addition, the outer frame 31 and the inner frame 32 of the bearing retainer 3 cooperate with the rollers 4, and the bearing retainer 3 can also be limited under the action of the rollers 4 to prevent the bearing retainer 3 from being separated from the roller bearing 2.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the roller bearing 2 is a double-row tapered roller bearing, and the roller bearing 2 also includes an outer ring 6 and two inner rings 5. The inner ring 5 is a tapered ring, and the outer ring 6 is a double-raceway outer ring. An inclined raceway is formed between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6. During the installation of the roller bearing 2, the rollers 4 are first distributed on the outer wall of the inner ring 5, and the ends of the rollers 4 are positioned with the limiting ribs of the inner ring 5. The roller bearing 2 uses a double-row tapered roller 4 bearing to bear radial and axial loads, so that the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine can stably transmit power during the rotation driven by the blades, and realize torque transmission under high load conditions.

[0034] The roller bearing 2 is a separable bearing. When installing and using it, the roller 4 and the bearing retainer 3 are assembled first, and then the inner ring 5 is installed to form an inner component. After the inner component is assembled, the roller 4, the bearing retainer 3 and the inner ring 5 are constrained to each other, so that the roller 4 is distributed between the bearing retainer 3 and the inner ring 5, and then the inner component is inserted into the outer ring 6 for overall installation.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the bearing retainer 3 formed by the annular support frame is a tapered frame, and the diameter of the outer frame 31 is greater than the diameter of the inner frame 32. Since the bearing retainer 3 formed by the annular support frame and the positioning portion 33 is an open structure, the pockets 34 formed between the plurality of positioning portions 33 have openings. When the bearing retainer 3 of this embodiment is assembled with the inner ring 5, the outer frame 31 positions the roller 4 between the bearing retainer 3 and the inner ring 5, the limiting rib of the inner ring 5 and the outer frame 31 of the bearing retainer constrain the axial movement of the roller 4, and the two adjacent positioning portions 33 in the bearing retainer 3 and the inclined raceway of the inner ring 5 constrain the radial movement of the roller 4.

[0036] Since the inner circular frame 32 and the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3 will increase heat and vibration when supporting the rolling elements of a large-sized bearing, thus affecting the operation effect of the bearing, the present solution sets an opening 35 at the position of the inner circular frame 32, which not only prevents the inner side of the roller 4 from rubbing against the inner side of the bearing retainer and can adapt to the operation of a high-load spindle; the setting of the opening 35 also allows the lubricant to enter the pocket 34, thereby improving the flow of the lubricant inside the bearing and the matching accuracy of the rolling elements, and further improving the load-bearing capacity of the spindle structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, the roller bearing is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 1 along the axis, and an annular shoulder is provided on the outside of the main shaft 1 for positioning the roller bearing 2. One side of the roller bearing 2 is positioned by the shoulder, and the other side of the roller bearing is positioned by providing a sleeve on the main shaft 1, so that the roller bearing can be stably installed on the main shaft 1.

[0038] During use of this embodiment, when disassembling and assembling, the failed bearing cage is sheared off, and a new bearing cage is installed between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6 of the roller bearing through the cage expansion tool 9, and the rollers are stably positioned and distributed.

[0039] like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the retainer expansion tool 9 includes a clamping portion 91 and a movable expansion portion 92, wherein the clamping portion 91 is used to clamp the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3, so that the retainer expansion tool 9 is stably connected to the bearing retainer 3; the clamping portion 91 includes a guide sleeve 911 and a plurality of clamping claws 912 evenly distributed on the guide sleeve 911, and three clamping claws 912 are provided on the clamping portion 91 of this embodiment, and the clamping claws 912 clamp the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3, and when the clamping claws 912 clamp on the outer circular frame 31, the clamping claws 912 are arranged at the position of the pocket hole 34 to avoid interference between the clamping claws 912 and the movable expansion portion 92. The stable connection between the clamping claws 912 and the outer circular frame 31 of this embodiment is tied by a cable tie.

[0040] The movable expansion portion 92 acts on the positioning portion 33. The movable expansion portion 92 includes a movable expansion rod 921 and a guide sleeve 922 for installing the movable expansion rod 921. The guide sleeve 922 is arranged in the guide sleeve 911 for sliding fit. The function of the movable expansion portion 92 is to expand the inner circular frame 32 of the bearing retainer 3 through the movable expansion rod 921 that can be evenly expanded, so that the inner diameter of the inner circular frame 32 is expanded to be larger than the outer diameter of the outer circular frame 31, so that the expanded inner circular frame 32 can be inserted into the gap formed at the outer position of the roller.

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple movable expansion rods 921 are hingedly connected to the O-ring, and the number of movable expansion rods 921 is consistent with the number of positioning parts 33 of the bearing retainer 3. The O-ring installed with the movable expansion rods 921 is installed on the outside of the guide sleeve 922 through multiple connecting parts. The hinged part of the movable expansion rod 921 and the O-ring in this embodiment can move to the positioning part 33 under the outer circular frame 31 through the sliding cooperation of the guide sleeve 2 922 and the guide sleeve 1 911, so that when the movable expansion rod 921 acts on the inner side of the positioning part 33 and causes the positioning part 33 to expand outward, the rotation of the movable expansion rod 921 will not be constrained by the outer circular frame 31.

[0042] The movable opening rod 921 includes a support rod portion and a pressure rod portion. The support rod portion is a strip-shaped structure, and the pressure plate portion is a V-shaped structure. The support rod portion and the pressure rod portion are connected so that the support rod portion and the pressure rod portion rotate synchronously. Figure 7-Figure 8 shown.

[0043] In order to achieve stable expansion of the movable expansion rod 921, the retainer expansion tool 9 also includes a push part 93, which includes a pressure block 931 and a guide column 932. The guide column 932 includes a clamping plate at the top, and a plurality of pressure blocks 931 are evenly distributed on the clamping surface of the clamping plate. An auxiliary handle 94 for applying force is arranged above the push part 93. The clamping part 91, the movable expansion part 92 and the push part 93 of the retainer expansion tool 9 are arranged coaxially, the guide sleeve 1 911 is provided with a retaining ring 1 at the opening position of the mounting part of the guide sleeve 2 922, and the guide sleeve 2 922 is provided with a retaining ring 2 at the matching position of the retaining ring 1, so that the guide sleeve 1 911 limits the guide sleeve 2 922, and the guide column 932 is provided with a retaining ring 3 at the outer end portion that matches the guide sleeve 2 922, so that the guide sleeve 2 922 limits the guide column 932.

[0044] In this embodiment, the number of pressure blocks 931 used is consistent with the number of movable expansion rods 921 and their positions correspond. When in use, the clamping plate of the guide column 932 cooperates with the surface of the guide sleeve 922. When the clamping surface of the pressure plate and the surface of the guide sleeve 922 are close to each other, the pressure rod part of the movable expansion rod 921 is pressed down and rotated by the pressure block 931, so that the expansion rod part of the movable expansion rod 921 rotates outward to expand the positioning part 33 of the bearing retainer 3.

[0045] In order to accurately position the pressing block 931 on the support rod portion of the movable support rod 921, the guide sleeve 922 has multiple connecting pieces arranged along the radial direction so that the pressing block 931 is always located in the gap between two adjacent connecting pieces to cooperate with the movable support rod 921.

[0046] The movable expansion rod 921 also includes a torsion spring, which is arranged at the hinge position of the movable expansion rod 921. Through the setting of the torsion spring, the expansion rod portion of the movable expansion rod 921 is always kept parallel to the axis of the retaining frame expansion tool 9 in the initial state. On the one hand, the expansion rod portion of the movable expansion rod 921 can be directly aligned and inserted into the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retaining frame, which facilitates the installation of the movable expansion rod 921; on the other hand, when the bearing retaining frame 3 is inserted into the interior of the bearing through the retaining frame expansion tool 9, it is necessary to first pull out the pushing portion 93 through the auxiliary handle 94, and when the pressure block 931 is removed to the outside, the movable expansion rod 921 can automatically rotate to the initial state under the action of the restoring force of the torsion spring, thereby avoiding the positioning portion 33 of the bearing retaining frame 3 that has lost its supporting force from being reset too quickly under the action of the elastic force and getting stuck with the expansion rod portion.

[0047] In the actual operation process, the jaws 912 of the clamping part 91 act on the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3, and the outer circular frame 31 is positioned and matched with the groove-shaped positioning part in the jaws 912, so that the retainer support tool 9 can stably act on the bearing retainer 3. At this time, the pushing part 93 is in the initial state, and the bottom of the support rod part of the movable support rod 921 of the movable expansion part 92 is located on the inner side of the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3 and abuts against it.

[0048] The pushing part 93 is pushed toward the clamping part 91. The main shaft structure of the wind turbine is generally larger than 1.5m. When in use, the clamping part 91 needs to be limited and gripped manually or by a mechanical arm. The pushing part 93 is pressed manually or by a mechanical arm so that when the pushing part 93 is pushed toward the clamping part 91, the clamping part 91 moves asynchronously and the pushing part 93 continuously approaches the clamping part 91. The pressure block 931 of the pushing part 93 causes the movable expansion rod 921 to expand outward.

[0049] The movable support rod 921 has two working states, namely vertical movement of the support rod part and outward rotation of the support rod part. When the pressure block 931 acts on the pressure rod part, the support rod part cannot rotate under the positioning constraint of the inner wall of the outer circular frame 31, so that the pressure rod part continues to move downward to adjust the positioning part 33 to a vertical state. When the pressure block 931 continues to act to make the hinge position of the movable support rod 921 and the O-ring move to the positioning part 33, the pressure block 931 presses the pressure rod part downward so that the pressure rod part drives the support rod part to rotate around the hinge position, and the support rod part supports the positioning part 33 outward, so that the inner diameter of the inner circular frame 32 at the lower end of the positioning part 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer circular frame 31, and the inner circular frame 32 is expanded to a state where it can be inserted between the rollers 4 of the roller bearing 2.

[0050] After being stretched open by the retainer stretching tool 9, the inner circular frame 32 of the bearing retainer 3 begins to be inserted between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6, and as the bearing retainer 3 continues to be pushed into the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6, the pushing part 93 is slowly pulled outward by the auxiliary handle 94, so that the movable stretching rod 921 is reset. After the installation is completed, the clamping part 91 is released from the installation of the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer 3.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the bearing retainer of this embodiment includes a plurality of arc assembly frames 7, and the sections on both sides of the arc assembly frames 7 are respectively provided with a locking convex surface 71 and a locking groove 72, and the two locking convex surfaces 71 and the locking groove 72 cooperate with each other for detachable connection.

[0053] When installing the roller 4 in the pocket hole 34 of the present solution, the arc assembly frame 7 is first spliced, and after splicing, the roller 4 is respectively arranged in the pocket hole 34 for positioning with the assistance of the positioning tool, and the roller 4 is axially positioned between the outer end surface and the inner circular frame 32. The segmented structure is separately disassembled according to the actual use situation. When replacing the arc assembly frame 7 of the bearing retainer, it is not necessary to remove all the roller bearings 2 along the main shaft from the end of the main shaft 1 as a whole. The arc assembly frame 7 is installed in the pocket hole 34 of the present solution, and the roller 4 is positioned in the axial direction between the outer end surface and the inner circular frame 32. The sub-bearing 2 is replaced according to the degree of wear of the roller 4. During the replacement process, the sealing end covers on both sides of the roller bearing 2 are removed, so that the arc assembly frame 7 of the bearing retainer releases the fit between the locking convex surface 71 and the locking groove 72 during the pulling out process, and the arc assembly frame 7 can be removed along the outer direction of the inclined raceway in the roller bearing 2. The arc assembly frame 7 will not be constrained by the main shaft 1, so that the arc assembly frame 7 can be disassembled from the retainer under the condition of removing the main shaft gear train.

[0054] In this embodiment, three groups of arc assembly frames 7 are used, the positioning convex surface 71 adopts a trapezoidal block structure, and the positioning groove 72 adopts a trapezoidal groove structure. In order to embed the trapezoidal block into the trapezoidal groove, the trapezoidal block is embedded from the through groove of the trapezoidal groove, and the movement direction of the positioning convex surface 71 and the positioning groove 72 is parallel to the axial direction of the roller bearing 2. The arc assembly frames 7 are connected end to end to form a bearing retainer with an annular support frame. Under the action of the trapezoidal groove, the displacement in the radial direction and the rotation of the connection between the arc assembly frames 7 are avoided, and the bearing retainer has good self-locking performance, which realizes the stable installation of the bearing retainer. The positioning convex surface 71 can also be set as a spherical protrusion structure, and the positioning groove 72 can be set as a spherical groove structure, so that the cross-sections of the arc assembly frames 7 are spherically matched.

[0055] In addition, the locking convex surface 71 and the locking groove 72 used in this embodiment are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the arc assembly frame 7, so that the arc assembly frame 7 has universality; the number of the arc assembly frames 7 can be increased according to actual conditions.

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, the outer circular frame 31 includes a closing bevel 311 and a closing reinforcing rib 312, one side of the closing bevel 311 is connected to the positioning portion 33, and the other side of the closing bevel 311 is connected to the closing reinforcing rib 312 in a circular arc transition, the side wall of the closing reinforcing rib 312 is parallel to the axis, and the inclination angle of the closing bevel 311 is the same as the inclination angle of the positioning portion 33 relative to the inclined raceway. In this solution, the closing reinforcing rib 312 is arranged at the extension of the outer circular frame 31, which can improve the overall strength of the outer circular frame 31. Since the outer circular frame 31 of the bearing retainer is spliced ​​by multiple arc assembly frames 7, this solution adds a circle of closing reinforcing ribs 312 on the basis of the closing bevel 311, which can not only strengthen the overall strength of the bearing retainer, but also improve the alignment accuracy of multiple semicircular frames during installation through the horizontally arranged closing reinforcing ribs 312.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, a circular ring fastener 8 is also provided on the outside of the annular support frame of the bearing retainer, and a groove strip 81 is provided in the circular ring fastener 8, and the groove strip 81 is embedded with the closing reinforcement ribs 312 of multiple arc assembly frames 7. By adding a circle of circular ring fasteners 8 on the outside of the arc assembly frame 7 after the splicing is completed, the closing reinforcement ribs 312 of the outer frame 31 are positioned by the circular ring groove strip 81 after the multiple arc assembly frames 7 are spliced. On the one hand, the bearing retainer composed of the arc assembly frame 7 can be concentrically arranged to ensure that the bearing retainer can be evenly stressed during the rotation of the roller bearing 2. On the other hand, the installation of the circular ring fastener 8 can increase the strength of the outer frame 31 to prevent the outer frame 31 from shifting or breaking at the connection.

[0058] The inner wall and the outer wall of the closing reinforcement rib 312 of the outer circular frame 31 are both set as horizontal installation surfaces, and the closing reinforcement rib 312 is set horizontally, so that the groove strip 81 of the circular fastener 8 can be connected to the outer circular frame 31 along the axial direction.

[0059] In order to prevent the circular ring fastener 8 from falling off, a first positioning hole is set on the side wall of the groove strip 81, and a second positioning hole is opened on the horizontal mounting surface of the outer circular frame 31. The outer circular frame 31 is inserted into the groove strip 81. When the outer side surface of the outer circular frame 31 abuts against the bottom of the groove strip 81 for limiting, the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole are coaxially arranged, and the fastening bolt is inserted between the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole, and the outer circular frame 31 is fastened to the circular ring fastener 8 with the fastening bolt.

[0060] Preferably, the bearing retainer is a support structure made of a metal-plastic composite material. When bearing the radial and axial loads generated by the main shaft 1 during rotation under the action of wind force, the bearing retainer made of the metal-plastic composite material has good elastic deformation ability and wear resistance and impact resistance, so as to improve the bearing capacity and operation effect of the bearing.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the width of the pocket 34 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 4, and the maximum gap distance of the opening 35 is 3 / 4 of the diameter of the roller 4. The width of the pocket 34 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 4, so that the roller 4 can be between the inner ring 5 and the bearing retainer, and the bearing retainer can constrain the roller 4, and the distance of the semi-closed opening 35 is set to be larger than the diameter of the roller 4. When the arc assembly frames 7 in the bearing retainer lose connection, the arc assembly frames 7 move slightly along the radial outer side of the roller 4, and the opening distance will be larger than the cross-sectional width of the roller projection position.

[0063] The maximum clearance distance of the opening 35 is 3 / 4 of the roller diameter. Since the roller 4 is arranged between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6, in order to smoothly remove the bearing retainer 3, the bearing retainer 3 can also be stably matched with the end face of the roller 4. Among them, the thickness of the bearing retainer 3 is S, the radius of the roller is R, and the diameter of the roller is D. Before the outer wall of the inner frame 32 of the bearing retainer 3 abuts against the outer ring 6, the opening 35 between the inner wall of the inner frame 32 can be larger than the chord length L from the roller side wall to the thickness of the bearing retainer 3. The opening of the inner frame 32 can be larger than the chord length of the projection position, so that the inner frame 32 can be separated from the roller 4. Since the maximum thickness of the bearing retainer 3 is about 1 / 3 of the roller radius, S = R*1 / 3. In order to enable the bearing retainer 3 at the maximum thickness to be smoothly removed from the roller 4 by radial movement, L is approximately The clearance of the opening 35 is about 3 / 4 of the roller diameter compared to the roller diameter, and the opening 35 is D*3 / 4.

[0064] The opening of the bearing retainer 3, whose thickness is less than 1 / 3 of the roller radius, is also constrained to be set within 3 / 4 times the roller 4 diameter. The purpose is to prevent the bearing retainer from easily detaching from the roller 4. The detachment process will only begin when it expands to at least 2 / 3 times the radius of the roller outward from the axis, thereby improving the stability of the bearing retainer 3.

[0065] In the design and processing of the cage of this embodiment, in order to ensure the flexibility of the roller 4 to rotate in the bearing cage, the positioning parts 33 on both sides of the pocket 34 are subjected to a slope pressing process, and the side of the positioning part 33 is processed with a slope pressing surface, so that the slope pressing angle θ is formed between the adjacent slope pressing surfaces on both sides of the pocket 34. When the thickness of the positioning part 33 is within 1.5mm, a slope pressing angle of 35°-45° is adopted, and when the thickness of the positioning part 33 is greater than 1.5mm, a slope pressing angle of 45°-50° is adopted. The angle of the slope pressing angle is appropriately adjusted according to the gap between the bearing cage 3 and the raceway of the outer ring 6. The slope pressing angle formed between the slope pressing surfaces can control the width of the pocket 34 of the bearing cage, and then the rotation flexibility of the bearing cage can be adjusted by the slope pressing angles of different designs.

[0066] When the roller bearing 2 of this embodiment is used for a period of time and is overhauled, the outer end face of the bearing retainer is cut off by a shearing tool, and the segmented retainer is moved along the outer side of the roller in the radial direction, so that the inner frame 32 also moves along the radial outer direction of the roller 4. When the length of the opening 35 of the inner frame 32 is greater than the cross-sectional length in the projection direction of the roller 4, the inner frame 32 loses the constraint of the end face of the roller 4 in the direction of the opening 35, and the segmented retainer can be removed along the outer wall of the roller 4. After taking out the new bearing retainer 3, the roller 4 in the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6 is first positioned by a positioning tool. The arc assembling frame 7 is evenly distributed and separated, and then the two ends of the multi-segment arc assembling frame 7 are expanded outward respectively. The arc assembling frame 7 reduces the curvature of the arc surface within the elastic range, so that the positioning portion 33 of the arc assembling frame 7 can be inserted between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 6 along the V-shaped groove formed by the arc surface between the rollers 4. When the outer end surface of the arc assembling frame 7 abuts against the roller 4, the positioning portion 33 loses the constraint of the outer wall of the V-shaped groove after the roller 4 is located in the installation position of the pocket hole 34. The arc assembling frame 7 restores the curvature of the arc surface under the elastic reset action, and the arc assembling frame 7 moves internally along the radial direction. At this time, the inner frame 32 constrains and positions the end surface of the roller 4.

[0067] The roller bearing 2 of the present solution does not need to be completely disassembled to realize the replacement of the worn retainer; and the semi-enclosed opening provided on the inner circular frame 32 of the pocket hole 34 can also be used when the bearing retainer 3 and the roller 4 are assembled on the inner ring 5. During the alignment and installation of the ribs of the bearing retainer 3 and the inner ring 5, the elasticity and reset function of the positioning portion 33 of the pocket hole 34 can easily achieve expansion and contraction, thereby simplifying the installation steps of the bearing retainer 3 and the inner ring 5.

[0068] Embodiment 4:

[0069] Compared with the above embodiment, the main shaft structure provided in this embodiment also includes a bearing seat, a gear box and a hub structure. The bearing seat is fixedly connected to the nacelle bottom plate, one end of the main shaft 1 is connected to the hub, and the other end of the main shaft 1 is connected to the gear box through a coupling. The gear box is connected to the generator. The main shaft 1 includes a first mounting part and a second mounting part. The first mounting part is installed with a roller bearing 2, and the second mounting part is installed with a gear box sleeve.

[0070] As one of the most important components of a wind turbine, the wind rotor consists of multiple blades, which are connected to the transmission system through a hub.

[0071] The hub connects the blades and the main shaft 1, and plays a role in supporting and protecting the blades. The hub is provided with multiple sockets for carrying the blades, and the blades are fixed to the hub through the sockets so that they can rotate smoothly. The blades are used to capture wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy. When the wind blows towards the blades, the rotation of the blades drives the wind wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of wind energy into kinetic energy.

[0072] The main shaft 1 can increase the low speed of the wind rotor rotation input to the speed required by the generator through the gearbox to meet the needs of the generator's working characteristics. The gearbox transmits the power generated by the wind rotor to the generator and makes it get the corresponding speed. The gearbox consists of an input shaft, an output shaft, a gear set and a lubrication system. It increases the wind rotor speed through a precise transmission ratio and converts it into a speed suitable for the generator.

[0073] The specific disassembly and installation operation methods of the present invention are respectively:

[0074] When the bearing cage is disassembled:

[0075] After opening the sealing oil seal cover on the side of the roller bearing 2, remove the circular ring fastener on the outside of the bearing retainer; release the positioning of the outer circular frame of the faulty bearing retainer to be replaced at the section of the locking convex surface 71 and the locking groove 72 or directly cut the outer circular frame with an auxiliary tool (if the bearing retainer has few faults, it can also be opened as a whole by the retainer opening tool 9 and then removed); then apply a force to the broken outer circular frame to move along the radial direction of the roller 4, so that the circular arc assembly frame 7 moves as a whole along the radial direction of the end face of the roller 4 after cutting. When the opening 35 at the inner circular frame 32 of the circular arc assembly frame 7 is larger than the width of the cross section of the roller 4 at the projection of the opening 35, the position of the inner circular frame 32 of the bearing retainer is no longer constrained by the roller 4, and the circular arc assembly frame 7 is pulled out of the inclined raceway of the roller bearing 2.

[0076] When the bearing cage is installed:

[0077] First, the rollers 4 in the inclined raceway are temporarily evenly distributed and positioned, and after the arc assembly frame 7 is expanded, it is inserted into the inclined raceway of the roller bearing 2 along the V-shaped groove between adjacent rollers 4. When the inner frame 32 of the arc assembly frame 7 slides to the inner end face of the roller 4 and the roller 4 completely enters the pocket 34, the arc assembly frame 7 contracts so that the inner frame 32 and the outer frame 31 position the roller 4. Then, multiple arc assembly frames 7 are installed using the above steps. When adjacent arc assembly frames 7 reach the inclined raceway, the positioning convex surface 71 and the positioning groove 72 set on the section of the arc assembly frame 7 cooperate with each other, so that the sections between the arc assembly frames 7 can be positioned and aligned; insert the annular fastener at the position of the annular closing reinforcement rib 312 formed after the multiple arc assembly frames 7 are spliced.

[0078] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A spindle structure suitable for high load bearing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main shaft (1) and a roller bearing (2), wherein the roller bearing (2) is used to support the main shaft (1), and the roller bearing (2) comprises a bearing retainer (3), a roller (4), an inner ring (5) and an outer ring (6), and the bearing retainer (3) is used to position the roller (4). The bearing retainer comprises an annular support frame and a plurality of positioning parts (33), and the annular support frame comprises an inner circular frame (32) and an outer circular frame (31). A plurality of positioning parts (33) are evenly arranged between the inner circular frame (32) and the outer circular frame (31), and pockets (34) are formed between the plurality of positioning parts (33). The inner circular frame (32) is provided with an opening (35), and the pockets (34) are semi-enclosed structures. When the bearing retainer (3) is worn out, the damaged bearing retainer (3) is cut off and removed, and then the replaced bearing retainer (3) is installed between the inner ring (5) and the outer ring (6) through a retainer support tool (9).

2. A spindle structure suitable for high load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller bearing (2) is a double-row tapered roller bearing. The roller bearing (2) further comprises an outer ring (6) and two inner rings (5). The inner ring (5) is a tapered ring. The outer ring (6) is a double-raceway outer ring (6). An inclined raceway is formed between the inner ring (5) and the outer ring (6).

3. A spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing retainer (3) comprises a plurality of circular arc assembly frames (7), and sections on both sides of the circular arc assembly frames (7) are respectively provided with a locking convex surface (71) and a locking groove (72), and the two locking convex surfaces (71) and the locking grooves (72) cooperate with each other to be detachably connected.

4. The spindle structure suitable for high load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circular frame (31) comprises a closing bevel (311) and a closing reinforcing rib (312); one side of the closing bevel (311) is connected to the positioning portion (33); the other side of the closing bevel (311) is connected to the closing reinforcing rib (312) in an arc transition; the side wall of the closing reinforcing rib (312) is parallel to the axis; the inclination angle of the closing bevel (311) is the same as the inclination angle of the positioning portion (33) relative to the inclined surface raceway.

5. A spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A circular ring fastener (8) is arranged on the outer side of the outer circular frame (31), a groove strip (81) is provided in the circular ring fastener (8), and a plurality of circular arc assembly frames (7) are embedded in the groove strip (81).

6. The spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the pocket (34) is smaller than the diameter of the roller (4), and the maximum gap distance of the opening (35) is 3 / 4 of the diameter of the roller (4).

7. The spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing retainer (3) is a supporting structure made of a metal-plastic composite material.

8. A spindle structure suitable for high load-bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing seat, a gear box and a hub structure, wherein the bearing seat is connected and fixed to the cabin bottom plate, one end of the main shaft (1) is connected to the hub, the other end of the main shaft (1) is connected to the gear box through a coupling, and the gear box is connected to the generator, and the main shaft (1) includes a first mounting part and a second mounting part, the first mounting part is installed with a roller bearing (2), and the second mounting part is installed with a gear box sleeve.

9. The spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retainer expansion tool (9) comprises a clamping portion (91), a movable expansion portion (92) and a pushing portion (93); the clamping portion (91) comprises a guide sleeve (911) and clamping claws (912) uniformly arranged outside the guide sleeve (911) for cooperating with an outer circular frame (31) of the bearing retainer (3); the movable expansion portion (92) comprises a guide sleeve (922) and a plurality of movable jaws (912) for expanding the positioning portion (33) of the bearing retainer (3). The spreading rod (921) and the pushing part (93) include a guide column (932) and a plurality of pressure blocks (931) for driving the movable spreading rod (921) to perform angular deflection; the number of the movable spreading rod (921) and the pressure blocks (931) is consistent with the number of the positioning parts (33) of the bearing retainer (3); the guide sleeve 2 (922) is inserted into the guide sleeve 1 (911) for sliding fit, and the guide column (932) is inserted into the guide sleeve 2 (922) for sliding fit.

10. A spindle structure suitable for high load bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The movable spreading rod (921) is hingedly installed on the O-ring, and the movable spreading rod (921) includes a spreading rod portion and a pressure rod portion connected to the top of the spreading rod portion. The spreading rod portion cooperates with the inner side of the positioning portion (33) of the bearing retainer (3), and the pressure rod portion cooperates with the pressure block (931) of the pushing portion (93). By moving the pushing portion (93) in a direction close to the clamping portion (91), the pressure block (931) drives the movable spreading rod (921) to apply an outward spreading force to the positioning portion (33). Under the constraint of the outer frame (31), the spreading rod portion moves vertically to spread the positioning portion (33) to a vertical state. The pressure block (931) continues to approach the clamping portion (91) so that the hinged position of the movable spreading rod (921) and the O-ring is located at the positioning portion (33). The spreading rod portion loses the constraint of the outer frame (31), and the spreading rod portion continues to spread the positioning portion (33).

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