Gear shifting system of parallel shaft structure for gearbox

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear shifting system of a parallel shaft structure for a gearbox, which is characterized in that a gear selecting device, a gear shifting device, a self-locking device, an auxiliary box and an interlocking device are integrated on a gear shifting mechanism assembly, so that a gear shifting self-locking function and an interlocking function are realized; according to the arrangement, the integration degree is high, and the assembly process of the transmission assembly is greatly optimized. Besides, according to the gear shifting system of the parallel shaft structure for the gearbox, the shifting fork groove is formed in the shifting fork, so that the shifting fork assembly structure is simplified, and only the shifting fork and the shifting fork shaft are included; the axial length of the whole gear shifting system is short, the gear shifting mechanism is located over the shifting fork, the length of the whole gearbox can be shortened, and meanwhile a motor can be conveniently arranged between a clutch shell and a gearbox shell when the hybrid gearbox is designed. The internal structure is simplified while the overall integration degree is improved, and the device is suitable for industrial large-scale use and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of automobile gearboxes, and in particular relates to a parallel-axis gearshift system for a gearbox. Background Art

[0002] The design of the gearbox requires a convenient structure, high reliability and low cost. On the one hand, in order to facilitate the flexible arrangement of the gearbox in the whole vehicle, the vehicle manufacturer requires the axial length of the gearbox to be as short as possible; on the other hand, due to the continuous pursuit of noise comfort by users, the gearbox is gradually changed from straight teeth to helical teeth, and the axial length of the gearbox is further shortened.

[0003] Existing gearboxes use a coaxial arrangement of the shift cylinder and the shift fork shaft. This arrangement causes the shift mechanism to occupy part of the space of the clutch housing, which not only increases the axial length of the gearbox, but also when designing a hybrid gearbox, this low-integration design makes it difficult to arrange the motor between the clutch housing and the gearbox housing and causes the internal structure of the gearbox to be complicated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a parallel-axis gearshift system for a gearbox, so as to solve the problems of low integration and complicated structure of the gearbox in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0006] A parallel-axis shift system for a gearbox, comprising a shift fork assembly, wherein the shift fork assembly comprises a shift fork shaft arranged transversely and a first shift fork, a second shift fork and a third shift fork sleeved on the shift fork shaft; the first shift fork, the second shift fork and the third shift fork can slide transversely along the shift fork shaft and can rotate around the central axis of the shift fork shaft, and the first shift fork, the second shift fork and the third shift fork are provided with shift fork grooves of the same specification on a side away from the shift fork shaft;

[0007] A shift mechanism assembly is arranged directly above the shift fork assembly; the shift mechanism assembly comprises a shift mechanism housing, and a shift cylinder, a shift cylinder and a sub-box cylinder are integrated on the lower end surface of the shift mechanism housing;

[0008] The gear selection cylinder includes a gear selection piston rod, and the gear selection cylinder can drive the gear selection piston rod to move longitudinally;

[0009] The shift cylinder includes a shift piston rod, and the shift cylinder can drive the shift piston rod to move laterally and rotate around its own central axis;

[0010] When the shifting system of the parallel shaft structure for the gearbox is in neutral, the shifting grooves of the first shift fork, the second shift fork and the third shift fork are aligned and arranged in an arc shape around the central axis of the shifting piston rod; the shifting fork shaft is parallel to the shifting piston rod and is not coaxially arranged;

[0011] A self-locking interlocking block is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod; a through connecting groove is provided on the self-locking interlocking block; an interlocking head is provided at the bottom of the self-locking interlocking block, and the self-locking interlocking block can drive the interlocking head to be clamped into the corresponding shift fork groove through its own rotation;

[0012] The shift piston rod is also fixedly sleeved with a shift selector head, and the shift selector head is respectively provided with a shift selector head and a shift selector head on the upper and lower sides thereof. The shift selector head is rotationally connected to the shift piston rod, and the shift selector head enters the connecting groove of the self-locking interlocking block from top to bottom and extends out of the lower end of the connecting groove.

[0013] The present invention also has the following features:

[0014] Furthermore, the self-locking interlocking block is a "U"-shaped structure formed by two side plates and a bottom plate; through holes are provided on the two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block, and the self-locking interlocking block is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod through its two through holes;

[0015] The connecting groove of the self-locking interlocking block is arranged on the bottom plate, and the gear selection and shifting dial is located between the two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block.

[0016] Furthermore, interlocking heads are provided on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate of the self-locking interlocking block.

[0017] Furthermore, a limit block is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod, and the limit block is fixedly connected to a side plate of the self-locking interlocking block;

[0018] The limit block is provided with a self-locking interlocking block limit groove, and the self-locking interlocking block limit groove is fan-shaped;

[0019] A limit pin is arranged at the lower end of the shift mechanism housing, and the limit pin is inserted into the limit groove of the self-locking interlocking block.

[0020] Furthermore, the limit block is provided with a self-locking hole which penetrates through and is perpendicular to the shift piston rod;

[0021] The shift piston rod and the self-locking hole are provided with self-locking grooves at corresponding positions; the limit block and the shift piston rod can be locked by using self-locking pins on the self-locking hole and the self-locking groove.

[0022] Furthermore, a through connecting hole is provided on the shift selector head; and a positioning hole corresponding to the connecting hole is provided on the shift piston rod.

[0023] Furthermore, a spring is sleeved on the self-locking pin;

[0024] A retaining spring is arranged on the upper inner part of the self-locking hole of the limit block, a baffle is arranged on the upper part of the self-locking pin, and the baffle is located between the spring and the retaining spring.

[0025] Furthermore, a rotation groove is provided at the end of the gear selection piston rod, and the gear selection dial head rotates into the rotation groove of the gear selection piston rod.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0027] In the parallel shaft structure shifting system used in the gearbox of the present invention, the gear selection, gear shifting, self-locking, auxiliary box and interlocking devices are integrated in the gear shift mechanism assembly, realizing the gear shifting self-locking function and interlocking function; this arrangement has a high degree of integration and greatly optimizes the assembly process of the transmission assembly.

[0028] In addition, the shifting system of the parallel shaft structure used in the gearbox of the present invention simplifies the shift fork assembly structure by providing a shift fork groove on the shift fork, and only includes a shift fork and a shift fork shaft; the axial length of the overall shifting system is short, and the shifting mechanism is located directly above the shift fork, which can shorten the length of the entire gearbox and facilitate the arrangement of the motor between the clutch housing and the gearbox housing when designing a hybrid gearbox; while improving the overall integration, the internal structure is also simplified, making it suitable for large-scale use and promotion in industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a parallel-shaft gearshift system for a gearbox of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of a gear shifting system with a parallel shaft structure for a gearbox of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift fork assembly in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift mechanism assembly in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking interlocking block in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking interlocking block in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift selector in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift piston rod in the present invention.

[0037] The meaning of the symbols in the figure is:

[0038] 1. Shift fork shaft; 2. First shift fork; 3. Second shift fork; 4. Third shift fork; 5. Shift fork groove; 6. Shift mechanism housing; 7. Shift selection cylinder; 8. Shift cylinder; 9. Auxiliary box cylinder; 10. Shift selection piston rod; 11. Shift piston rod; 12. Self-locking interlocking block; 1201. Connecting groove; 13. Interlocking head; 14. Shift selection dial head; 15. Shift selection dial head; 16. Shift dial head; 17. Limit block; 1701. Self-locking interlocking block limit groove; 18. Limit pin; 19. Self-locking hole; 20. Self-locking groove; 21. Self-locking column pin; 22. Connecting hole; 23. Positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components in the present invention are components known in the prior art. For example, the fork shaft is a known and commonly used fork shaft.

[0040] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a shifting system of a parallel shaft structure for a gearbox includes a shift fork assembly, the shift fork assembly includes a shift fork shaft 1 arranged transversely, and a first shift fork 2, a second shift fork 3 and a third shift fork 4 are sleeved on the shift fork shaft 1; the first shift fork 2, the second shift fork 3 and the third shift fork 4 can slide transversely along the shift fork shaft 1 and can rotate around the central axis of the shift fork shaft 1, and is characterized in that a shift fork groove 5 is provided on the first shift fork 2, the second shift fork 3 and the third shift fork 4 on a side away from the shift fork shaft 1; a shifting mechanism assembly is arranged directly above the shift fork assembly;

[0042] The shift mechanism assembly includes a shift mechanism housing 6, and a shift cylinder 7, a shift cylinder 8 and a sub-box cylinder 9 are integrated on the lower end surface of the shift mechanism housing 6;

[0043] The gear selection cylinder 7 includes a gear selection piston rod 10, and the gear selection cylinder 7 can drive the gear selection piston rod 10 to move longitudinally;

[0044] The shift cylinder 8 includes a shift piston rod 11, and the shift cylinder 8 can drive the shift piston rod 11 to move laterally and rotate around its own central axis;

[0045] When the parallel-axis gearshift system for the gearbox is in neutral, the fork grooves 5 of the first fork 2, the second fork 3 and the third fork 4 are aligned and arranged in an arc shape around the central axis of the shift piston rod 11; the fork shaft 1 is parallel to the shift piston rod 11 and is not coaxially arranged;

[0046] A self-locking interlocking block 12 is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod 11; a through connecting groove 1201 is provided on the self-locking interlocking block 12; an interlocking head 13 is provided at the bottom of the self-locking interlocking block 12, and the self-locking interlocking block 12 can drive the interlocking head 13 to be inserted into the corresponding shift fork groove 5 through its own rotation;

[0047] A shift selector head 14 is also fixedly sleeved on the shift piston rod 11, and a shift selector head 15 and a shift selector head 16 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the shift selector head 14. The shift selector head 15 is rotationally connected to the shift piston rod 10, and the shift selector head 16 enters the connecting groove 1201 of the self-locking interlocking block 12 from top to bottom and extends out of the lower end of the connecting groove 1201.

[0048] The first fork 2, the second fork 3 and the third fork 4 are all clearance-fitted with the fork shaft 1, and the connection mode of the fork on the fork shaft and the shape and structure of the fork are known in the prior art. The self-locking interlocking block 12 is clearance-fitted with the shift piston rod 11.

[0049] The parallel shaft structure gear shifting system of the gearbox of this embodiment is used to select and shift gears by the following operations:

[0050] The gear selection cylinder 7 drives the gear selection piston rod 10 to reciprocate in the lateral direction, thereby driving the gear selection and shifting head 14 to rotate. The gear shifting head 16 of the gear selection and shifting head 14 is inserted into the self-locking interlocking block connecting groove 1201 of the self-locking interlocking block 12. When the gear selection and shifting head 14 rotates, it drives the self-locking interlocking block 12 to rotate, thereby aligning the interlocking head 13 of the self-locking interlocking block 12 with the fork groove 5 of the first fork 2, the second fork 3 or the third fork 4, thereby selecting different gears;

[0051] When shifting gears, the shift cylinder 8 drives the shift piston rod 11 to reciprocate in the lateral direction, so that the shift head 16 of the shift selector 14 drives the corresponding shift fork to move in the lateral direction, thereby achieving the shifting gears.

[0052] It should be noted that the gear position corresponding to the shift fork is determined by actual needs and is not within the scope of the present embodiment. Those skilled in the art can correspond the shift fork to different gear positions of the vehicle according to actual needs.

[0053] As a preferred solution, the self-locking interlocking block 12 is a "U"-shaped structure formed by two side plates and a bottom plate; through holes are provided on the two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block 12, and the self-locking interlocking block 12 is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod 11 through its two through holes;

[0054] The connecting groove 1201 of the self-locking interlocking block 12 is provided on the bottom plate, and the shift selector 14 is located between two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block 12 .

[0055] As a preferred solution, interlocking heads 13 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate of the self-locking interlocking block 12 .

[0056] As a preferred solution, a limit block 17 is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod 11, and the limit block 17 is fixedly connected to a side plate of the self-locking interlocking block 12;

[0057] The limiting block 17 is provided with a self-locking interlocking block limiting groove 1701, and the self-locking interlocking block limiting groove 1701 is a fan-shaped arc structure;

[0058] A limit pin 18 is provided at the lower end of the shift mechanism housing 6 , and the limit pin 18 is inserted into the limit groove 1701 of the self-locking interlocking block.

[0059] When the device needs to be self-locking, since the self-locking interlocking block 12 is connected to the limit block 17, and the limit pin 18 is inserted into the self-locking interlocking block limit groove 1701 of the limit block 17, the self-locking interlocking block 12 cannot move axially, thereby achieving self-locking.

[0060] When the device needs to be interlocked, when in neutral, the shift head 16 of the shift selector 14 is in the shift fork groove 5 on the first shift fork 2, and the two interlock heads 13 on the interlocking self-locking block 12 are respectively in the shift fork grooves 5 on the second shift fork 3 and the third shift fork 4. When engaging gears, the shift head 16 can only drive its corresponding shift fork to move axially, and the other two shift forks cannot move axially due to the existence of the interlocking self-locking block 12, thereby achieving gear engaging interlock.

[0061] When the shift head 16 of the selected shift head 14 rotates into the fork groove 5 of the second shift fork 3, the interlocking self-locking block 12 is driven to rotate by the selected shift head 14, and the interlocking head 13 of the interlocking self-locking block 12 is in the fork groove 5 of the first shift fork 2 and the third shift fork 4 to prevent them from moving axially, thereby achieving interlocking.

[0062] Similarly, when the shift head 16 of the selected shift head 14 is rotated and located in the shift fork groove 5 of the third shift fork 4, interlocking can also be achieved.

[0063] As a preferred solution, the limit block 17 is also provided with a through self-locking hole 19;

[0064] A self-locking groove 20 is provided at a corresponding position of the shift piston rod 11 ; the limit block 17 and the shift piston rod 11 can be locked by using a self-locking pin 21 through their own self-locking hole 19 and self-locking groove 20 .

[0065] Further preferably, a spring is sleeved on the self-locking pin 21;

[0066] A retaining spring is arranged on the upper part of the self-locking hole 19 of the limit block 17, and a baffle is arranged on the upper part of the self-locking pin 21, and the baffle is located between the spring and the retaining spring. The retaining spring is assembled at the end of the self-locking hole 19 to prevent the baffle from popping out.

[0067] As a preferred solution, a through connection hole 22 is provided on the shift selector head 14, and a positioning hole 23 corresponding to the connection hole is provided on the shift piston rod 11. When in use, a connecting pin can be inserted into the positioning hole 23 and the connection hole 22 to further fix the shift selector head 14 and the shift piston rod 11.

[0068] The gearbox of this embodiment uses a shift system with a parallel shaft structure, and the shift mechanism assembly is parallel to the fork shaft 1 but not coaxially arranged. The shift mechanism assembly is located directly above the fork assembly and is not staggered with each other in the axial direction. The axial length of the shift mechanism assembly is short; the shift mechanism assembly does not occupy the space of the clutch housing, and the interlocking and self-locking functions are highly integrated, which is convenient for arranging the motor of the hybrid gearbox.

Claims

1. A shifting system with a parallel shaft structure for a gearbox, comprising a shift fork assembly, wherein the shift fork assembly comprises a shift fork shaft (1) arranged transversely and a first shift fork (2), a second shift fork (3) and a third shift fork (4) sleeved on the shift fork shaft (1); the first shift fork (2), the second shift fork (3) and the third shift fork (4) can slide transversely along the shift fork shaft (1) and can rotate around the central axis of the shift fork shaft (1), characterized in that: The first shift fork (2), the second shift fork (3) and the third shift fork (4) are all provided with shift fork grooves (5) of the same specifications on the side away from the shift fork shaft (1); A shift mechanism assembly is arranged directly above the shift fork assembly; the shift mechanism assembly comprises a shift mechanism housing (6), and a shift cylinder (7), a shift cylinder (8) and a sub-box cylinder (9) are integrated on the lower end surface of the shift mechanism housing (6); The gear selection cylinder (7) comprises a gear selection piston rod (10), and the gear selection cylinder (7) can drive the gear selection piston rod (10) to move longitudinally; The shift cylinder (8) comprises a shift piston rod (11), and the shift cylinder (8) can drive the shift piston rod (11) to move laterally and rotate around its own central axis; When the shifting system of the parallel shaft structure for the gearbox is in neutral, the shifting fork grooves (5) of the first shift fork (2), the second shift fork (3) and the third shift fork (4) are aligned and arranged in an arc shape around the central axis of the shifting piston rod (11); the shifting fork shaft (1) is parallel to the shifting piston rod (11) and is not coaxially arranged; A self-locking interlocking block (12) is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod (11); a through connecting groove (1201) is provided on the self-locking interlocking block (12); an interlocking head (13) is provided at the bottom of the self-locking interlocking block (12); the self-locking interlocking block (12) can drive the interlocking head (13) to be inserted into the corresponding shift fork groove (5) through its own rotation; The shift piston rod (11) is also fixedly sleeved with a shift selector head (14), and the shift selector head (15) and the shift selector head (16) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the shift selector head (14), and the shift selector head (15) is rotationally connected to the shift piston rod (10), and the shift selector head (16) enters the connection groove (1201) of the self-locking interlocking block (12) from top to bottom and extends out of the lower end of the connection groove (1201).

2. The parallel shaft structure gear shifting system for a gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking interlocking block (12) is a "U"-shaped structure formed by two side plates and a bottom plate; through holes are provided on the two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block (12), and the self-locking interlocking block (12) is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod (11) through its two through holes; The connection groove (1201) of the self-locking interlocking block (12) is arranged on the bottom plate, and the gear selection and shifting head (14) is located between two side plates of the self-locking interlocking block (12).

3. The parallel shaft structure gear shifting system for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: Interlocking heads (13) are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate of the self-locking interlocking block (12).

4. The parallel shaft structure gear shifting system for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limit block (17) is rotatably sleeved on the shift piston rod (11), and the limit block (17) is fixedly connected to a side plate of the self-locking interlocking block (12); The limiting block (17) is provided with a self-locking interlocking block limiting groove (1701), and the self-locking interlocking block limiting groove (1701) is fan-shaped; A limit pin (18) is provided at the lower end of the shift mechanism housing (6), and the limit pin (18) is inserted into the limit groove (1701) of the self-locking interlocking block.

5. The parallel shaft structure gear shifting system for a gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limit block (17) is also provided with a self-locking hole (19) which penetrates through and is perpendicular to the shift piston rod (11); The shift piston rod (11) and the self-locking hole (19) are provided with self-locking grooves (20) at corresponding positions; the limit block (17) and the shift piston rod (11) can be locked by using a self-locking pin (21) on the self-locking hole (19) and the self-locking groove (20).

6. The parallel-shaft gearshift system for a gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shift selector head (14) is provided with a through connection hole (22); and the shift piston rod (11) is provided with a positioning hole (23) corresponding to the connection hole (22).

7. The parallel-shaft gearshift system for a gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-locking pin (21) is sleeved with a spring; A retaining spring is arranged at the upper inner part of the self-locking hole (19) of the limit block (17), and a baffle is arranged at the upper part of the self-locking pin (21), wherein the baffle is located between the spring and the retaining spring.

8. The parallel-shaft gearshift system for a gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotation groove is formed at the end of the gear selection piston rod (10), and the gear selection dial head (15) rotates to enter the rotation groove of the gear selection piston rod (10).

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