Supply and demand balance optimization scheduling method for long-distance heat supply system based on heat storage adjusting water tank

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-distance heat supply system supply and demand balance optimization scheduling method based on a heat storage regulating water tank, which comprises the following steps: additionally arranging the heat storage regulating water tank at the urban edge of a long-distance heat supply pipe network pressure separation station to form a long-distance heat supply pipe network containing the heat storage regulating water tank; the heat supply amount of the long-distance heat supply pipe network is used as a basic heat source, and a heat storage adjusting water tank is used as a heat elastic adjusting unit for peak regulation of the long-distance heat supply pipe network and standby heat supply under the emergency operation working condition. Setting heat storage and release mechanisms of the heat storage adjusting water tank under different time dimensions and establishing a heat storage quantity model of the heat storage adjusting water tank; the heat supply amount of the long-distance heat supply pipe network and the heat storage and release amount of the heat storage adjusting water pool are utilized to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance of the system under different operation conditions, supply and demand balance and operation cost optimization serve as objective functions, a supply and demand balance scheduling model of the long-distance heat supply system is established, and an optimal scheduling strategy is obtained through solving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of long-distance heat supply systems, and in particular relates to a supply-demand balance optimization scheduling method for long-distance heat supply systems based on a heat storage regulating water tank. Background Art

[0002] In the long-distance heating system, there are three levels of heating pipe networks from the first long-distance transmission station to the heat users. The first level is the long-distance transmission heating pipe network from the first station to the pressure isolation station, the second level is the urban primary network from the pressure isolation station to various heating stations in the urban area, and the third level is the urban secondary network from various heating stations in the urban area to users in the community. To meet the heat load demand of users in the urban secondary network, it is necessary to regulate the heat supply of the upper long-distance transmission heating pipe network on demand to meet the supply and demand balance.

[0003] However, in the actual operation of the long-distance heating system, there is usually an imbalance between supply and demand. When the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network is greater than the demand, excess heat will be generated and the operating cost will increase. When the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network is less than the demand, the heating effect of the terminal secondary network users will not meet the standards. Also, when the long-distance heating system encounters sudden conditions such as heat load peaks, failures, extreme weather, etc., how to minimize the impact of sudden situations in the long-distance heating system on the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network, ensure that heat users can obtain a stable and reliable supply of thermal energy, ensure the safe and stable operation of the long-distance heating pipeline network, and achieve a balance between supply and demand of the long-distance heating pipeline network is an issue that urgently needs to be resolved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a supply and demand balance optimization scheduling method for a long-distance heating system based on a heat storage regulating water tank, which can utilize the heat storage regulating water tank as the peak load regulation of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the backup heating under emergency operation conditions, and timely and flexibly respond to the dynamic changes in the heat load of the primary network and the secondary network connected to the end of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the emergency operation conditions, minimize the impact of sudden situations of the long-distance heating system on the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network, ensure that heat users can obtain a stable and reliable supply of thermal energy, ensure the safe and stable operation of the long-distance heating pipeline network, reduce the operating cost of the long-distance heating pipeline network, and achieve the supply and demand balance of long-distance heating.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system based on a heat storage regulating pool, comprising:

[0007] Add a heat storage and regulating water pool at the edge of the city at the long-distance heat supply pipeline network pressure isolation station to form a long-distance heat supply pipeline network with a heat storage and regulating water pool;

[0008] By predicting the heat load demand of the heat users under the pressure isolation station of the long-distance heat supply network, the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions are obtained, and the change trend of the total heat load demand on the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions is analyzed after considering the heat loss;

[0009] The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network is used as the basic heat source, and the heat storage regulating pool is used as the heat elastic regulation unit to carry out peak regulation of the long-distance heating pipeline network and standby heating under emergency operation conditions. According to the supply and demand change trends of the total heat load in different time dimensions, the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating pool in different time dimensions is set, and the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established;

[0010] The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating pool are used to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system. With supply and demand balance and optimal operating cost as the objective function, a supply and demand balance scheduling model for the long-distance heating system is established, and the optimal scheduling strategy is obtained.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat load demand forecasting of the heat users under the jurisdiction of the pressure isolation station of the long-distance heat supply pipeline network includes:

[0012] The heat users on the pressure-isolating station side of the long-distance heating pipeline network are classified, and the load influencing factors are analyzed based on the historical operation data and the heat usage characteristics of the heat users themselves. A machine learning algorithm with a high degree of match with the data is selected to establish a load forecasting model for heat users. The heat load development trend of each heat user in different time dimensions in the future is predicted, and the load forecasting model is adaptively modified according to the actual heat load to approach the real heat load change trend.

[0013] Furthermore, the analysis of the change trend of the total heat load demand on the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the user's heat load demand forecast value in different time dimensions after considering heat loss includes:

[0014] Considering the pipeline layout, pipeline length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow rate from the pressure isolation station to each thermal power station in the long-distance heating pipeline network, a heat loss model between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station is established;

[0015] Considering the pipe network layout, pipe network length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow of each user between each heating station and each end user, a heat loss model between each heating station and each user is established;

[0016] According to the predicted value of the heat load demand of each heat user in different time dimensions, combined with the heat loss between each thermal power station and each user, and the heat loss between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station, the long-distance heating pipeline network simulation model is used to identify and calculate the changing trend of the total heat load demand required on the upstream pressure isolation station side in different time dimensions.

[0017] Furthermore, the method of using the heat storage regulating water tank as a heat elastic regulating unit to perform peak regulation of the long-distance heat supply network and standby heat supply under emergency operation conditions includes:

[0018] The heat storage regulating pool is used as a heat elastic regulating unit. During the peak period of heat load demand, part of the heat load is supplied through the heat storage regulating pool, reducing the peak load output of the source side unit and the peak heating cost.

[0019] Also, when the long-distance heating system is in operation and emergency operating conditions occur, including local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, and extreme weather conditions, the heat storage regulating pool is used for emergency standby heating.

[0020] Furthermore, according to the total heat load supply and demand change trends in different time dimensions, setting the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating water tank in different time dimensions and establishing the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating water tank include:

[0021] The total heat load demand value on the pressure isolation station side under different time dimensions is obtained, and combined with the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under different time dimensions, during the period when the heat load supply is greater than the demand and the period when the heat load is in the low range, the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating water pool, and the heat load demand is met only through the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network; and, during the period when the heat load is in the peak range, the heat load supply is less than the demand, or the system has an emergency condition that causes the heat load supply to be missing, the heat in the heat storage regulating water pool is released, and the heat load demand is met by the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating water pool.

[0022] Further, the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established, which is expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] H sr,k-1 , H sr,k are the total heat storage in the heat storage regulating pool at the k-1 hour and the kth hour respectively; δ sr is the hourly heat loss coefficient of the heat storage regulating pool; Q ch,k , Q dc,k are the heat storage power and heat release power of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; η ch , η dcare the heat storage efficiency and heat release efficiency of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively; Δt is the heat storage and release operation time of the heat storage regulating water tank;

[0025] The operating constraints of the heat storage regulating pool are expressed as:

[0026]

[0027] H sr,r S is the rated heat storage capacity of the heat storage regulating pool; ch,k , S dc,k are the heat storage state coefficient and heat release state coefficient of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; when the heat storage regulating water pool is storing heat, S ch,k =1, S dc,k =0; when the heat storage regulating pool is releasing heat, S ch,k =0, S dc,k =1;Q ch,max , Q dc,max They are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, the heat supply of the long-distance heat supply network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating water tank are used to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system, including:

[0029] According to the operating status parameters of the long-distance heating system, a system operating condition identification model is established to identify the operating conditions of the system in different time dimensions, including normal operating conditions, local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, emergency operating conditions under extreme weather conditions, and heat load supply and demand imbalance conditions;

[0030] Under different operating conditions, the corresponding operating modes of the long-distance heating system are set to meet the balance of heat load supply and demand, including: under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply and demand are balanced, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is greater than the demand, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network, and the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating pool; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is less than the demand or during the peak period of heat load demand, the heat load is supplied by the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating pool by heat release; under emergency operating conditions, if the missing heat load is in a low range, the heat load is supplied by the heat storage regulating pool alone, otherwise the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network is supplied by additionally dispatching the source-side standby heating units and adjusting the heat network layout, and the heat load is supplied by the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat release of the heat storage regulating pool.

[0031] Furthermore, the objective function is to balance supply and demand and optimize operating cost, which is expressed as:

[0032]

[0033] Q cs,t,s is the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of time t; H sr,t,s is the heat storage or heat release of the heat storage regulating water pool under the operating condition of time t and s. When heat is stored, the value is negative, and when heat is released, the value is positive; Q demand,t,s is the total heat load required by the pressure isolation station side under the operating condition s at time t; T is the scheduling period; S is the operating condition category;

[0034]

[0035] C cs,t,s is the operating cost of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of s at time t; C sr,t,s is the operating cost of the heat storage regulating pool under the operating condition of s at time t, which is related to the heat storage and heat release under the operating condition of s at time t.

[0036] Furthermore, after the optimal scheduling strategy is obtained, the operating output of the long-distance heating pipeline network, the heat storage and release state and the operating power of the heat storage regulating water tank under different operating conditions in different time periods are output.

[0037] Furthermore, the long-distance heat supply system supply and demand balance optimization scheduling method further includes: establishing a heat storage regulating water tank optimization configuration model with the goal of minimizing the configuration cost, and deciding the capacity of the output heat storage regulating device;

[0038] The goal is to minimize the configuration cost, which is expressed as: minC = C in +C op +C ma ;

[0039] C in , C op , C ma They are initial investment cost, operating cost and maintenance cost respectively.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] The present invention adds a heat storage regulating water tank on the side of the pressure isolation station of the long-distance heating pipeline network, analyzes the changing trend of the total heat load demand on the pressure isolation station side under different time dimensions, uses the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating water tank to perform joint heating under different operating conditions, sets a heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating water tank under the supply and demand changing trend, and establishes a supply and demand balance scheduling model for the long-distance heating system. The present invention can use the heat storage regulating water tank as the peak load regulation of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the standby heating under emergency operating conditions, and promptly and flexibly respond to the dynamic changes in the heat load of the primary network and the secondary network connected to the end of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the emergency operating conditions, minimize the impact of the sudden situation of the long-distance heating system on the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network, ensure that heat users can obtain a stable and reliable supply of thermal energy, ensure the safe and stable operation of the long-distance heating pipeline network, reduce the operating cost of the long-distance heating pipeline network, and achieve the supply and demand balance of long-distance heating.

[0042] Other features and advantages will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the invention. The purpose and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system based on a heat storage regulating pool according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long-distance heat supply system including the heat storage and regulating water tank of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system based on a heat storage regulating pool, including:

[0050] Add a heat storage and regulating water pool at the edge of the city at the long-distance heat supply pipeline network pressure isolation station to form a long-distance heat supply pipeline network with a heat storage and regulating water pool;

[0051] By predicting the heat load demand of the heat users under the pressure isolation station of the long-distance heat supply network, the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions are obtained, and the change trend of the total heat load demand on the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions is analyzed after considering the heat loss;

[0052] The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network is used as the basic heat source, and the heat storage regulating pool is used as the heat elastic regulation unit to carry out peak regulation of the long-distance heating pipeline network and standby heating under emergency operation conditions. According to the supply and demand change trends of the total heat load in different time dimensions, the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating pool in different time dimensions is set, and the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established;

[0053] The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating pool are used to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system. With supply and demand balance and optimal operating cost as the objective function, a supply and demand balance scheduling model for the long-distance heating system is established, and the optimal scheduling strategy is obtained.

[0054] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the long-distance heat supply pipeline network includes the long-distance heat supply first station, relay pump station and pressure isolation station, and a heat storage regulating water tank is added on the side of the pressure isolation station; the long-distance heat supply pipeline network is used as the basic heat source, and the heat storage regulating water tank is used as the backup heat source for heating, and the two are used to realize heating for the thermal power station and heat users behind the pressure isolation station. The pressure isolation station side and the thermal power station are called the primary network, and the network between the thermal power station and the heat user is called the secondary network. The heat storage regulating water tank is mainly used for peak load regulation and flexible regulation of emergency operation conditions of the primary and secondary networks.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heat load demand forecasting of the heat users under the long-distance heat supply network pressure isolation station side includes:

[0056] The heat users on the pressure-isolating station side of the long-distance heating pipeline network are classified, and the load influencing factors are analyzed based on the historical operation data and the heat usage characteristics of the heat users themselves. A machine learning algorithm with a high degree of match with the data is selected to establish a load forecasting model for heat users. The heat load development trend of each heat user in different time dimensions in the future is predicted, and the load forecasting model is adaptively modified according to the actual heat load to approach the real heat load change trend.

[0057] In actual applications, the specific process of using machine learning algorithms to establish a load forecasting model for heat users includes:

[0058] Analyze the correlation between heat user load and historical operation data and load influencing factors using a correlation analysis method; the load influencing factors include meteorological condition data, calendar rule information, and heat user heat use behavior habits;

[0059] The feature matrix of the heat load data sequence is extracted through CNN and input into the BiGRU model with multi-head attention mechanism for training. It can provide past and future heat load information for heat load prediction at each time point, and improve the generalization ability of the model through its multi-layer network design structure.

[0060] The features extracted by the BiGRU model with multi-head attention mechanism are used to optimize the query, key, and value of the multi-head attention mechanism layer, and linear transformation, scaled dot product attention mechanism, and splicing processing are performed; the probabilities corresponding to different feature vectors are calculated according to the weight distribution principle, and then the weight parameter matrix is ​​iteratively updated to improve the effect of the model;

[0061] The matrix trained by the optimized multi-head attention mechanism is input into the output layer, and the final heat load prediction value is output through the fully connected layer.

[0062] Among them, the attention mechanism uses weights to measure different feature information, giving larger weights to important features, which can improve the efficiency of feature learning. The multi-head attention mechanism is used to first map the input data to multiple different subspaces through a fully connected layer, each of which contains a query matrix, a key matrix, and a value matrix. Then, the scaled dot product attention function is used to perform attention calculations in parallel in multiple subspaces; finally, multi-head attention is generated in parallel at multiple terminals, and the results of the attention are combined to obtain the final output;

[0063] The attention calculation is expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] Q, K, and V are query matrix, key matrix, and value matrix, respectively; d k is the dimension corresponding to K;

[0066] The final output is expressed as:

[0067] Multihead(Q,K,V)=Concat(head1,…,head h )W;

[0068] head i =Attention(QWi Q ,KW i K ,VW i V );

[0069] Multihead(·) is the sum of the attention outputs of h heads; W is the weight; W i Q , W i K , W i V is the prediction matrix; i=1,2,…,h.

[0070] In this embodiment, the analysis of the change trend of the total heat load demand at the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the user's heat load demand forecast value in different time dimensions after considering heat loss includes:

[0071] Considering the pipeline layout, pipeline length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow rate from the pressure isolation station to each thermal power station in the long-distance heating pipeline network, a heat loss model between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station is established;

[0072] Considering the pipe network layout, pipe network length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow of each user between each heating station and each end user, a heat loss model between each heating station and each user is established;

[0073] According to the predicted value of the heat load demand of each heat user in different time dimensions, combined with the heat loss between each thermal power station and each user, and the heat loss between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station, the long-distance heating pipeline network simulation model is used to identify and calculate the changing trend of the total heat load demand required on the upstream pressure isolation station side in different time dimensions.

[0074] After the long-distance heat supply network pressure isolation station, the hot water regulated by the pressure isolation station is transported to each thermal power station through the secondary network. After receiving the hot water, the thermal power station converts the high-temperature hot water into a temperature suitable for users through a heat exchanger and distributes it to the user end as needed. The thermal power station is also responsible for monitoring and adjusting the water temperature and pressure of the secondary network to ensure that users can obtain a stable supply of thermal energy. Therefore, there is heat loss from the pressure isolation station to each thermal power station, and from each thermal power station to the end user. Only after a quantitative analysis of the heat loss can the total heat load demand change trend on the upstream pressure isolation station side be accurately known.

[0075] In this embodiment, the heat storage regulating water tank is used as a heat elastic regulating unit to perform peak regulation of the long-distance heat supply network and standby heating under emergency operation conditions, including:

[0076] The heat storage regulating pool is used as a heat elastic regulating unit. During the peak period of heat load demand, part of the heat load is supplied through the heat storage regulating pool, reducing the peak load output of the source side unit and the peak heating cost.

[0077] Also, when the long-distance heating system is in operation and emergency operating conditions occur, including local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, and extreme weather conditions, the heat storage regulating pool is used for emergency standby heating.

[0078] It should be noted that emergency operation conditions are often encountered during the heating period, but there is a lack of experience and technical means for handling and regulating emergency operation conditions. Once the emergency repair time is long, it will disrupt the entire heating effect. For example, heat source equipment failure: boilers, heat exchangers and other equipment fail to work properly, resulting in insufficient heat production; fuel supply problems: if the heat source relies on external fuel supply, fuel interruption or poor quality will lead to a reduction in heat; pipeline leakage: leakage in the heating pipeline will lead to heat loss and affect the overall heat supply of the heating network; pipeline blockage: scaling, impurity blockage and other problems in the heating pipeline will lead to poor water flow and affect heat transmission; improper user-side regulation: when the user-side regulation is improper, such as opening or closing valves too much, it will cause system imbalance and affect heat supply; user heat load mutation: when the user heat load suddenly increases and exceeds the system's regulation capacity, it will also lead to insufficient heat; extreme weather conditions: under extremely cold weather conditions, the heating network needs to provide more heat to meet demand. At this time, if the system does not have sufficient reserve capacity, insufficient heat will occur; outdoor temperature fluctuations: when the outdoor temperature fluctuates greatly, if the heating parameters are not adjusted in time, it will also lead to insufficient heat supply. The above emergency operating conditions can be flexibly controlled using the heat storage regulating pool to make up for part of the heat load supply, buy more time for fault repairs, and flexibly respond to emergencies. This can minimize the impact of heating system failures on the heat supply of the heating network, ensure that users can obtain a stable and reliable supply of heat energy, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the long-distance heating pipeline network.

[0079] In this embodiment, according to the total heat load supply and demand change trends in different time dimensions, setting the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating water tank in different time dimensions and establishing the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating water tank include:

[0080] The total heat load demand value on the pressure isolation station side under different time dimensions is obtained, and combined with the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under different time dimensions, during the period when the heat load supply is greater than the demand and the period when the heat load is in the low range, the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating water pool, and the heat load demand is met only through the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network; and, during the period when the heat load is in the peak range, the heat load supply is less than the demand, or the system has an emergency condition that causes the heat load supply to be missing, the heat in the heat storage regulating water pool is released, and the heat load demand is met by the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating water pool.

[0081] In this embodiment, the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established, which is expressed as:

[0082]

[0083] H sr,k-1 , H sr,k are the total heat storage in the heat storage regulating pool at the k-1 hour and the kth hour respectively; δ sr is the hourly heat loss coefficient of the heat storage regulating pool; Q ch,k , Q dc,k are the heat storage power and heat release power of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; η ch , η dc are the heat storage efficiency and heat release efficiency of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively; Δt is the heat storage and release operation time of the heat storage regulating water tank;

[0084] The operating constraints of the heat storage regulating pool are expressed as:

[0085]

[0086] H sr,r S is the rated heat storage capacity of the heat storage regulating pool; ch,k , S dc,k are the heat storage state coefficient and heat release state coefficient of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; when the heat storage regulating water pool is storing heat, S ch,k =1, S dc,k =0; when the heat storage regulating pool is releasing heat, S ch,k =0, S dc,k =1;Q ch,max , Q dc,max They are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively.

[0087] In actual applications, in addition to the heat storage regulating pool, electric valves are added to open and close the heat storage and release mode and the amount of heat stored and released by the heat storage regulating pool. For large-scale heat storage regulating pools, a huge pool is usually dug on the ground, and after the four walls are waterproofed, an insulation layer is made on the top cover. The advantage is that it does not occupy the ground space, can make a huge volume, and the larger the volume, the lower the unit cost.

[0088] In this embodiment, the heat supply of the long-distance heat supply network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating pool are used to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system, including:

[0089] According to the operating status parameters of the long-distance heating system, a system operating condition identification model is established to identify the operating conditions of the system in different time dimensions, including normal operating conditions, local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, emergency operating conditions under extreme weather conditions, and heat load supply and demand imbalance conditions;

[0090] Under different operating conditions, the corresponding operating modes of the long-distance heating system are set to meet the balance of heat load supply and demand, including: under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply and demand are balanced, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is greater than the demand, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network, and the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating pool; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is less than the demand or during the peak period of heat load demand, the heat load is supplied by the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating pool by heat release; under emergency operating conditions, if the missing heat load is in a low range, the heat load is supplied by the heat storage regulating pool alone, otherwise the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network is supplied by additionally dispatching the source-side standby heating units and adjusting the heat network layout, and the heat load is supplied by the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat release of the heat storage regulating pool.

[0091] In actual applications, the deployment of heat storage regulating pools on the pressure-isolating station side of the long-distance heating pipeline network can quickly respond to changes in heat load and sudden emergency events in the primary and secondary networks. For example, when the outdoor temperature drops suddenly and the demand for heat load increases, if the heat load output of the source-side unit is increased, on the one hand, the operating cost of the unit's heating will increase. On the other hand, some units are thermal-electric coupling units. If the heat load output of the unit increases, the unit's power supply will be missing, resulting in an imbalance in the supply and demand of the power load, causing disorder in the control plans of the units on the source side. In addition, the lag time from the control of the source-side thermal power plant units to the changes in the user's room temperature is relatively long; therefore, the use of heat storage regulating pools can respond to the heat load of end users and the emergency operation of the primary and secondary networks in a timely manner. For example, when a local heating network pipeline leaks, it takes about 6 hours to repair the fault. If the heat storage capacity of the heat storage regulating pool can fully meet the heat load loss caused by the leakage fault, the heat load for these 6 hours can be supplied by the heat storage regulating pool. If the heat storage regulating pool cannot fully meet the demand, the heat network layout can be adjusted, the standby units can be dispatched, and the heat storage regulating pool can be used for joint heat supply. The heat storage regulating pool can even be used to supply the heat load first, so as to provide a minimum guarantee for the user's heat load and provide a basic indoor temperature, which can provide additional compensation to the user.

[0092] In this embodiment, the objective function is to balance supply and demand and optimize operating cost, which is expressed as:

[0093]

[0094] Q cs,t,s is the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of time t; H sr,t,s is the heat storage or heat release of the heat storage regulating water pool under the operating condition of time t and s. When heat is stored, the value is negative, and when heat is released, the value is positive; Q demand,t,s is the total heat load required by the pressure isolation station side under the operating condition s at time t; T is the scheduling period; S is the operating condition category;

[0095]

[0096] C cs,t,s is the operating cost of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of s at time t; C sr,t,s is the operating cost of the heat storage regulating pool under the operating condition of s at time t, which is related to the heat storage and heat release under the operating condition of s at time t.

[0097] In practical applications, establishing a supply and demand balance scheduling model for a long-distance heating system also includes setting operating constraints: heat load balance constraints, long-distance heating pipeline network operation constraints, heat storage regulating pool operation constraints, and source-side unit operation constraints.

[0098] In this embodiment, after the optimal scheduling strategy is obtained, the operating output of the long-distance heating pipeline network, the heat storage and release state and the operating power of the heat storage regulating water tank under different operating conditions in different time periods are output.

[0099] In this embodiment, the long-distance heat supply system supply and demand balance optimization scheduling method further includes: establishing a heat storage regulating water tank optimization configuration model with the goal of minimizing the configuration cost, and deciding the capacity of the output heat storage regulating device;

[0100] The goal is to minimize the configuration cost, which is expressed as: minC = C in +C op +C ma ;

[0101] C in , C op , C ma They are initial investment cost, operating cost and maintenance cost respectively.

[0102] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can also be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of the code, and a part of the module, program segment or code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0103] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, RandomAccess Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0104] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system based on a heat storage regulating pool, characterized in that: include: Add a heat storage and regulating water pool at the edge of the city at the long-distance heat supply pipeline network pressure isolation station to form a long-distance heat supply pipeline network with a heat storage and regulating water pool; By predicting the heat load demand of the heat users under the pressure isolation station of the long-distance heat supply network, the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions are obtained, and the change trend of the total heat load demand on the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the predicted values ​​of the heat load demand of users in different time dimensions is analyzed after considering the heat loss; The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network is used as the basic heat source, and the heat storage regulating pool is used as the heat elastic regulation unit to carry out peak regulation of the long-distance heating pipeline network and standby heating under emergency operation conditions. According to the supply and demand change trends of the total heat load in different time dimensions, the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating pool in different time dimensions is set, and the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established; The heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating pool are used to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system. With supply and demand balance and optimal operating cost as the objective function, a supply and demand balance scheduling model for the long-distance heating system is established, and the optimal scheduling strategy is obtained.

2. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prediction of the heat load demand of the heat users under the pressure isolation station side of the long-distance heat supply pipeline network includes: The heat users on the pressure-isolating station side of the long-distance heating pipeline network are classified, and the load influencing factors are analyzed based on the historical operation data and the heat usage characteristics of the heat users themselves. A machine learning algorithm with a high degree of match with the data is selected to establish a load forecasting model for heat users. The heat load development trend of each heat user in different time dimensions in the future is predicted, and the load forecasting model is adaptively modified according to the actual heat load to approach the real heat load change trend.

3. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The above-mentioned analysis of the change trend of the total heat load demand on the upstream pressure isolation station side that changes dynamically with the user's heat load demand forecast value in different time dimensions after considering heat loss includes: Considering the pipeline layout, pipeline length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow rate from the pressure isolation station to each thermal power station in the long-distance heating pipeline network, a heat loss model between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station is established; Considering the pipe network layout, pipe network length, insulation material, outdoor ambient temperature, and changes in water supply temperature and hot water flow of each user between each heating station and each end user, a heat loss model between each heating station and each user is established; According to the predicted value of the heat load demand of each heat user in different time dimensions, combined with the heat loss between each thermal power station and each user, and the heat loss between the pressure isolation station and each thermal power station, the long-distance heating pipeline network simulation model is used to identify and calculate the changing trend of the total heat load demand required on the upstream pressure isolation station side in different time dimensions.

4. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of using the heat storage regulating water pool as a heat elastic regulating unit to perform peak regulation of the long-distance heat supply network and standby heat supply under emergency operation conditions includes: The heat storage regulating pool is used as a heat elastic regulating unit. During the peak period of heat load demand, part of the heat load is supplied through the heat storage regulating pool, reducing the peak load output of the source side unit and the peak heating cost. Also, when the long-distance heating system is in operation and emergency operating conditions occur, including local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, and extreme weather conditions, the heat storage regulating pool is used for emergency standby heating.

5. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the total heat load supply and demand change trends in different time dimensions, setting the heat storage and release mechanism of the heat storage regulating water pool in different time dimensions and establishing the heat storage model of the heat storage regulating water pool include: The total heat load demand value on the pressure isolation station side under different time dimensions is obtained, and combined with the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under different time dimensions, during the period when the heat load supply is greater than the demand and the period when the heat load is in the low range, the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating water pool, and the heat load demand is met only through the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network; and, during the period when the heat load is in the peak range, the heat load supply is less than the demand, or the system has an emergency condition that causes the heat load supply to be missing, the heat in the heat storage regulating water pool is released, and the heat load demand is met by the basic heat source long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating water pool.

6. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat storage model of the heat storage regulating pool is established as follows: H sr,k-1 , H sr,k are the total heat storage in the heat storage regulating pool at the k-1 hour and the kth hour respectively; δ sr is the hourly heat loss coefficient of the heat storage regulating pool; Q ch,k , Q dc,k are the heat storage power and heat release power of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; η ch , η dc are the heat storage efficiency and heat release efficiency of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively; Δt is the heat storage and release operation time of the heat storage regulating water tank; The operating constraints of the heat storage regulating pool are expressed as: H sr,r S is the rated heat storage capacity of the heat storage regulating pool; ch,k , S dc,k are the heat storage state coefficient and heat release state coefficient of the heat storage regulating water pool in the kth hour respectively; when the heat storage regulating water pool is storing heat, S ch,k =1, S dc,k =0; when the heat storage regulating pool is releasing heat, S ch,k =0, S dc,k =1;Q ch,max , Q dc,max They are the maximum heat storage power and maximum heat release power of the heat storage regulating water tank respectively.

7. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of utilizing the heat supply of the long-distance heat supply pipeline network and the heat storage and release of the heat storage regulating water tank to jointly meet the heat load supply and demand balance under different operating conditions of the system includes: According to the operating status parameters of the long-distance heating system, a system operating condition identification model is established to identify the operating conditions of the system in different time dimensions, including normal operating conditions, local heating network failures, abnormal maintenance of source-side unit equipment, emergency operating conditions under extreme weather conditions, and heat load supply and demand imbalance conditions; Under different operating conditions, the corresponding operating modes of the long-distance heating system are set to meet the balance of heat load supply and demand, including: under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply and demand are balanced, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is greater than the demand, the heat load is supplied through the long-distance heating pipeline network, and the excess heat is stored in the heat storage regulating pool; under normal operating conditions, when the heat load supply is less than the demand or during the peak period of heat load demand, the heat load is jointly supplied by the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat storage regulating pool by heat release; under emergency operating conditions, if the missing heat load is in a low range, the heat load is supplied by the heat storage regulating pool alone, otherwise the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network is supplied by additionally dispatching the source-side standby heating units and adjusting the heat network layout, and the heat load is jointly supplied by the heat of the long-distance heating pipeline network and the heat release of the heat storage regulating pool.

8. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function is to balance supply and demand and optimize operating cost, which can be expressed as: Q cs,t,s is the heat supply of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of time t; H sr,t,s is the heat storage or heat release of the heat storage regulating water pool under the operating condition of time t and s. When heat is stored, the value is negative, and when heat is released, the value is positive; Q demand,t,s is the total heat load required by the pressure isolation station side under the operating condition s at time t; T is the scheduling period; S is the operating condition category; C cs,t,s is the operating cost of the long-distance heating pipeline network under the operating condition of s at time t; C sr,t,s is the operating cost of the heat storage regulating pool under the operating condition of s at time t, which is related to the heat storage and heat release under the operating condition of s at time t.

9. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the optimal dispatching strategy is obtained by solving the problem, the operating output of the long-distance heating pipeline network, the heat storage and release state of the heat storage regulating pool and the operating power under different operating conditions in different time periods are output.

10. The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of a long-distance heat supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for optimizing the supply and demand balance of the long-distance heat supply system also includes: establishing an optimal configuration model for the heat storage regulating water tank with the goal of minimizing the configuration cost, and determining the capacity of the output heat storage regulating device; The goal is to minimize the configuration cost, which is expressed as: minC = C in +C op +C ma ; C in , C op , C ma They are initial investment cost, operating cost and maintenance cost respectively.

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