Cold and hot energy supply system for extraterrestrial planet base

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraterrestrial planet base cold and hot energy supply system, which relates to extraterrestrial base energy supply and comprises a solar heat collector, a cold radiation absorber, a heat storage phase change pool, a cold storage phase change pool and a plate heat exchanger. The solar heat collector is connected with the heat storage phase change pool through a first heat conduction oil way, the cold radiation absorber is connected with the cold storage phase change pool through a first cold conduction oil way, the heat storage phase change pool is connected with the plate heat exchanger through a second heat conduction oil way, and the cold storage phase change pool is connected with the plate heat exchanger through a second cold conduction oil way. The plate heat exchanger is connected with a circulating water path, the plate heat exchanger and the circulating water path are both arranged in the extraterrestrial planet base, and the circulating water path is connected with heat preservation equipment in the extraterrestrial planet base through a water segregator and a water collector. According to the invention, the loss caused by energy conversion can be effectively reduced, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to energy supply for an extraterrestrial base, and more specifically, to a cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base. Background Art

[0002] As human beings explore and develop outer space more and more deeply, the construction of extraterrestrial bases has become a major step that must be taken. In the construction of extraterrestrial bases, the stable supply of cold and heat sources has become the key to the survival and development of the base. These energy sources are not only related to the living conditions of astronauts, but also the basis for ensuring the normal progress of scientific research experiments.

[0003] The cold source and heat source requirements of the extraterrestrial base can be obtained through cold radiation and solar energy respectively. In the prior art, relevant technologies have proposed to realize energy supply for the base through the technology of combined cold, heat and electricity. The implementation method is mainly to meet the base's demand for cold, heat and electricity through a power generation system, a heating module and a cooling module. However, for extraterrestrial technology, by deploying solar panels on extraterrestrial planets, solar radiation energy can be more effectively converted into electrical energy to provide a stable power supply for the base. Moreover, the application of solar cell technology in extraterrestrial is relatively mature and reliable. In contrast, if the heating module and the cooling module are used to provide energy for the power generation system to generate electricity, the loss of conversion rate generated in the process of cold, heat and electricity conversion will lead to energy waste. Therefore, the energy supply technology of the extraterrestrial base in the future still needs to be continuously innovated and broken through to ensure the efficient use of extraterrestrial energy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] A hot and cold energy supply system for an extraterrestrial planetary base described in the present invention comprises a solar collector, a cold radiation absorber, a heat storage phase change pool, a cold storage phase change pool, and a plate heat exchanger; the solar collector is connected to the heat storage phase change pool via a heat conduction oil circuit 1, the cold radiation absorber is connected to the cold storage phase change pool via a cold conduction oil circuit 1, the heat storage phase change pool is connected to the plate heat exchanger via a heat conduction oil circuit 2, the cold storage phase change pool is connected to the plate heat exchanger via a cold conduction oil circuit 2, the plate heat exchanger is connected to a circulating water circuit, the plate heat exchanger and the circulating water circuit are both arranged in the extraterrestrial planetary base, and the circulating water circuit is connected to the insulation equipment in the extraterrestrial planetary base via a water distributor and a water collector.

[0006] Preferably, circulating oil pumps are installed in the heat conduction oil circuit 1, the cooling oil circuit 1, the heat conduction oil circuit 2 and the cooling oil circuit 2.

[0007] Preferably, valve 1 is installed in both the second heat conduction oil circuit and the second cooling oil circuit, and the second heat conduction oil circuit and the second cooling oil circuit share fluid channel 1 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0008] Preferably, valve 2 is installed in both the heat transfer oil circuit 1 and the cooling oil circuit 1.

[0009] Preferably, a circulating water pump is installed in the circulating water circuit.

[0010] Preferably, phase change energy storage devices are installed in both the heat storage phase change pool and the cold storage phase change pool.

[0011] Preferably, the energy storage medium in the phase change energy storage device is phase change paraffin.

[0012] Preferably, the output end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the water distributor through the output section of the circulating water circuit, the output end of the water distributor is connected to the input end of the insulation device, the output end of the insulation device is connected to the input end of the water collector, and the output end of the water collector is connected to the input end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger through the reflux section of the circulating water circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the water distributor and the water collector are both provided with a plurality of spare interfaces.

[0014] Preferably, the heat storage phase change pool and the cold storage phase change pool are both buried beneath the extraterrestrial planetary base.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are: the structure of solar collector, cold radiation absorber, heat storage phase change pool and cold storage phase change pool is adopted to realize the storage of extraterrestrial cold energy and heat energy. The structure of plate heat exchanger and circulating water circuit is adopted to directly apply the extraterrestrial cold energy and heat energy to the insulation equipment of the extraterrestrial planetary base, realize the application of the stored cold energy and heat energy to the extraterrestrial planetary base, and effectively reduce the loss caused by energy conversion and improve the utilization rate of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cold and hot energy supply system of the extraterrestrial base of the present invention.

[0018] Among them: 1-solar collector, 2-cold radiation absorber, 3-heat transfer oil circuit 1, 4-circulating oil pump, 5-valve 2, 6-heat storage phase change tank, 7-cold transfer oil circuit 1, 8-cold storage phase change tank, 9-heat transfer oil circuit 2, 10-cold transfer oil circuit 2, 11-valve 1, 12-plate heat exchanger, 13-circulating water circuit, 14-circulating water pump, 15-water distributor, 16-water collector, 17-insulation equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Any limited number of modifications made by anyone within the scope of the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1 The present invention discloses a cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial planetary base, comprising a solar collector 1, a cold radiation absorber 2, a heat storage phase change pool 6, a cold storage phase change pool 8, and a plate heat exchanger 12. The solar collector 1 is connected to the heat storage phase change pool 6 through a heat conduction oil circuit 1 3, the cold radiation absorber 2 is connected to the cold storage phase change pool 8 through a cold conduction oil circuit 1 7, the heat storage phase change pool 6 is connected to the plate heat exchanger 12 through a heat conduction oil circuit 2 9, the cold storage phase change pool 8 is connected to the plate heat exchanger 12 through a cold conduction oil circuit 2 10, and the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the insulation equipment 17 in the extraterrestrial planetary base through a circulating water circuit 13. The plate heat exchanger 12 is used as a conversion node for the external energy supply part of the extraterrestrial planetary base and the internal energy consumption part of the extraterrestrial planetary base, and the plate heat exchanger 12 can play a good temperature conduction function, and as an important component in the temperature control function, it can greatly reduce the complexity of the system and improve the feasibility and reliability of the system. In addition, the circulating water circuit 13 is directly connected to the heat preservation equipment 17 in the extraterrestrial planetary base, wherein the heat preservation equipment 17 can be a coil arranged in the wall panels and floors of the extraterrestrial planetary base. The temperature in the extraterrestrial planetary base is regulated by the circulating water circuit 13 and the coil, so that the internal space of the extraterrestrial planetary base is covered in a heat preservation cover composed of pipes, which can make the internal temperature of the extraterrestrial planetary base adaptable and have a good heat preservation effect. However, the heat preservation equipment is not limited to the coil, but can also be other temperature control equipment in the extraterrestrial planetary base, such as cold and warm air blowers, water-cooled air conditioners, etc., and these equipment can be used to heat / cool the base through water.

[0021] For the heat transfer oil circuit 13, the cooling oil circuit 17, the heat transfer oil circuit 29 and the cooling oil circuit 210 in this system, the fluids in these oil circuits use heat transfer oil with high boiling point and low freezing point to meet the high temperature difference conditions of extraterrestrial planets. In addition, each oil circuit is composed of an oil outlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline. In order to realize the flow of oil in the oil circuit, a circulating oil pump 4 is installed in the oil circuit of this system. Through the action of the circulating oil pump 4, the oil can flow between the solar collector 1, the cold radiation absorber 2 and the phase change pool, thereby realizing heat collection or cold collection.

[0022] In addition, valve 11 is installed in both the heat transfer oil circuit 2 9 and the cooling oil circuit 2 10. The heat transfer oil circuit 2 9 and the cooling oil circuit 2 10 share the fluid channel 1 of the plate heat exchanger 12, thereby realizing a structure in which one plate heat exchanger 12 corresponds to two phase change pools, simplifying the structure of the system. Valve 2 5 is installed in both the heat transfer oil circuit 1 3 and the cooling oil circuit 1 7. The valve is installed in the oil circuit mainly to facilitate maintenance and control the on-off of the oil circuit.

[0023] In this embodiment, the heat storage phase change pool 6 and the cold storage phase change pool 8 are both buried under the extraterrestrial planetary base, and phase change energy storage devices are installed in the heat storage phase change pool 6 and the cold storage phase change pool 8, and the energy storage medium in the phase change energy storage device is phase change paraffin, which is used for energy storage. The amount and enthalpy value of the phase change paraffin in the phase change energy storage device can be determined according to the heating area. The determination of the phase change energy storage device and the amount and enthalpy value of the phase change paraffin therein are all existing technologies, so this article will not discuss further. However, regarding the design of the phase change energy storage device, considering the energy of extraterrestrial transportation, the present invention proposes a new design for the installation method of the phase change energy storage device. Multiple phase change energy storage devices can be constructed in the phase change pool, thereby avoiding the problem of a single phase change energy storage device being too large when the amount of phase change paraffin is large. Among the multiple phase change energy storage devices, we adopted a design of one master with multiple slave phase change energy storage devices. That is, a main phase-change energy storage device is designed to be connected to each oil circuit, while each slave phase-change energy storage device only exchanges heat with the main phase-change energy storage device but not with the oil in the oil circuit. And when designing the main phase-change energy storage device, its energy storage capacity should be greater than that of the slave phase-change energy storage device. For example, the main phase-change energy storage device is designed with one-third of the total energy consumption required for the heating area, and the slave phase-change energy storage device can be designed to be four or more. The main phase-change energy storage device and the slave phase-change energy storage device can be connected through the oil circuit to achieve heat exchange. Similarly, corresponding valves are also set in these oil circuits. Through such distribution, not only can the problem of transportation conditions being restricted be solved, but also energy can be used more reasonably and effectively. For example, in the energy storage stage, all phase-change energy storage devices in the phase-change pool are turned on, and energy first enters the main phase-change energy storage device, and then is distributed to each slave phase-change energy storage device. After the energy storage is completed, the temperature of each phase-change energy storage device is finally achieved to be consistent. In the functional stage, the energy in the main phase-change energy storage device is first used, and the main phase-change energy storage device is supplemented by the slave phase-change energy storage device through the set control program. For example, when the temperature difference between the main and slave phase-change energy storage devices is lower than the set temperature step, the oil circuit in the main and slave phase-change energy storage devices is connected, and all the slave phase-change energy storage devices simultaneously supply energy to the main phase-change energy storage device, thereby replenishing the energy of the main phase-change energy storage device. And when the temperature difference between the main and slave phase-change energy storage devices is greater than the set temperature step, the oil circuit between the main and slave phase-change energy storage devices is disconnected, and at this time only the main phase-change energy storage device supplies energy to the extraterrestrial planetary base. This control method ensures that the external function is reliable and effective, and can also prevent energy leakage to the greatest extent when the system fails. That is, when the system fails, the energy of the main phase-change energy storage device may be completely leaked, but by controlling the valves between the main and slave phase-change energy storage devices, it can ensure that the energy in the slave phase-change energy storage device is always maintained, so that the energy stored in the slave phase-change energy storage device can be used as an emergency energy source when the system fails. This is very important for the extraterrestrial planetary base.

[0024] Preferably, a heat-insulating material is provided between the phase-change pool and the phase-change energy storage device for heat preservation and reducing energy loss in the phase-change energy storage device.

[0025] In this embodiment, a circulating water pump 14 is installed in the circulating water circuit 13 to realize water circulation in the extraterrestrial planetary base, thereby realizing energy supply. Among them, the output end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the input end of the water distributor 15 through the output section of the circulating water circuit 13, the output end of the water distributor 15 is connected to the input end of the heat preservation device 17, the output end of the heat preservation device 17 is connected to the input end of the water collector 16, and the output end of the water collector 16 is connected to the input end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger 12 through the reflux section of the circulating water circuit 13. In addition, the water distributor 15 and the water collector 16 are both provided with a number of spare interfaces, which can be connected and disassembled at any time to provide heating or cooling for the air conditioning terminal system of the lunar rover or the lunar base and the space capsule.

[0026] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0027] Heat storage stage: Taking the moon as an example, during the lunar day, the temperature on the lunar surface is as high as 300 degrees. During the lunar day, the solar collector 1 absorbs heat and transfers the heat to the phase change energy storage device of the heat storage phase change pool 6 through the flowing heat transfer oil for storage. The heat transfer oil should be resistant to high temperatures above 350 degrees, is not easy to burn, and can meet the heat transfer requirements.

[0028] Cold storage stage: On moonlit nights or when there is no sunlight, the temperature on the lunar surface is -180 degrees. At this time, the heat transfer oil transported into the cold radiation absorber 2 will release radiant heat through the cold radiation absorber 2, causing the temperature of the heat transfer oil to drop. The heat transfer oil is resistant to -250 degrees low temperature and does not solidify. The heat transfer oil transfers the cold to the cold storage phase change pool 8, and absorbs the cold through the phase change energy storage device therein and stores it.

[0029] Heating stage: When heating is needed in the lunar base, the circulating oil pump 4 in the heat transfer oil circuit 2 9 and the circulating water pump 14 in the circulating water circuit 13 are started. The circulating oil pump 4 transfers the heat in the heat storage phase change pool 6 to the plate heat exchanger 12 through the heat transfer oil. Through the action of the plate heat exchanger 12, the heat in the heat transfer oil is transferred to the circulating water, and the heat is transferred to the insulation equipment through the circulating water circuit 13, thereby providing the required heating heat for the lunar base.

[0030] Refrigeration stage: When the lunar base needs refrigeration, the circulating oil pump 4 in the cooling oil circuit 10 and the circulating water pump 14 in the circulating water circuit 13 are started. The circulating oil pump 4 transfers the energy in the cold storage phase change pool 8 to the plate heat exchanger 12 through the heat transfer oil; and the water in the circulating water circuit 13 absorbs the heat in the lunar base to increase its own temperature. Under the action of the circulating water pump 14, the water in the circulating water circuit 13 brings the heat to the plate heat exchanger 12 and exchanges heat with the heat transfer oil in the plate heat exchanger 12, that is, the heat in the water is transferred to the heat transfer oil, so that the water cools down. Through the continuous circulation of water, the heat in the lunar base is brought out, achieving a cooling effect in the base.

[0031] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar thermal collector (1), a cold radiation absorber (2), a heat storage phase change pool (6), a cold storage phase change pool (8), and a plate heat exchanger (12); the solar thermal collector (1) is connected to the heat storage phase change pool (6) via a heat conduction oil line (3), the cold radiation absorber (2) is connected to the cold storage phase change pool (8) via a cold conduction oil line (7), the heat storage phase change pool (6) is connected to the plate heat exchanger (12) via a heat conduction oil line (9), and the cold radiation absorber (2) is connected to the cold storage phase change pool (8) via a cold conduction oil line (7). The cold storage phase change pool (8) is connected to the plate heat exchanger (12) through a second cooling oil circuit (10), the plate heat exchanger (12) is connected to a circulating water circuit (13), the plate heat exchanger (12) and the circulating water circuit (13) are both arranged in an extraterrestrial planetary base, and the circulating water circuit (13) is connected to a heat preservation device (17) in the extraterrestrial planetary base through a water distributor (15) and a water collector (16).

2. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating oil pump (4) is installed in each of the heat conduction oil circuit 1 (3), the cooling oil circuit 1 (7), the heat conduction oil circuit 2 (9) and the cooling oil circuit 2 (10).

3. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer oil circuit 2 (9) and the cooling oil circuit 2 (10) are both provided with a valve 1 (11), and the heat transfer oil circuit 2 (9) and the cooling oil circuit 2 (10) share a fluid channel 1 of a plate heat exchanger (12).

4. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Valve 2 (5) is installed in both heat transfer oil circuit 1 (3) and cooling oil circuit 1 (7).

5. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating water pump (14) is installed in the circulating water circuit (13).

6. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1, characterized in that: Phase change energy storage devices are installed in both the heat storage phase change pool (6) and the cold storage phase change pool (8).

7. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy storage medium in the phase change energy storage device is phase change paraffin.

8. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger (12) is connected to the input end of the water distributor (15) via the output section of the circulating water circuit (13); the output end of the water distributor (15) is connected to the input end of the heat preservation device (17); the output end of the heat preservation device (17) is connected to the input end of the water collector (16); the output end of the water collector (16) is connected to the input end of the fluid channel 2 of the plate heat exchanger (12) via the reflux section of the circulating water circuit (13).

9. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water distributor (15) and the water collector (16) are both provided with a plurality of spare interfaces.

10. The cold and hot energy supply system for an extraterrestrial base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage phase change pool (6) and the cold storage phase change pool (8) are both buried under the extraterrestrial planet base.

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