A hydraulic engineering concrete quality detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of water conservancy engineering concrete quality detection devices, it is related to concrete quality detection technology, including bottom plate, two mobile supports are slidably installed on the bottom plate, top pressure mechanism is also provided on the bottom plate, further including flexural tensile strength detection unit, preloading plate is vertically slidably installed on the bottom plate by elastic support part, the preloading plate is located just above mobile support and the preloading plate is opened with two pass-through openings corresponding to the mobile support;The application provides a kind of water conservancy engineering concrete quality detection device, when carrying concrete test block, one end of concrete test block can be moved and abutted on the upper end of preloading plate, then concrete test block is pushed along the upper end of preloading plate and moved to just above two mobile supports, in this way, avoid the phenomenon that concrete test block directly knocks with bottom plate due to its own heavy, simplify the carrying process of concrete test block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to concrete quality testing technology, specifically to a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, the quality of concrete not only affects the structural strength of the project but also relates to its durability properties, such as impermeability, frost resistance, and resistance to sulfate attack. Therefore, quality testing of concrete in water conservancy projects is necessary. The testing indicators are mainly divided into two categories: one is testing the quality of concrete raw materials, including cement, aggregates, and admixtures; the other is testing the quality of the finished concrete product, mainly including performance indicators such as flexural strength, density, and impermeability. Among these, flexural strength is a crucial testing indicator for concrete used in water conservancy projects, and is generally tested using a pressure tester or a universal testing machine. Currently, commonly used flexural strength testing devices include dual-point loading devices at three points and three-point free-support flexural strength testing devices. To more accurately assess the strength and toughness of concrete and reduce the impact of local stress concentration, a four-point loading configuration may also be used.

[0003] For example, patent CN118209399B, with an authorization announcement date of July 19, 2024, entitled "A Concrete Quality Testing Device for Hydraulic Engineering," includes a base, a cone-breaking unit, and a clamping unit. The cone-breaking unit includes an air pump and a cylinder mounted on the base. The air pump is connected to the cylinder body via an air pipe, and a pressure gauge is installed on the air pipe. The piston rod of the cylinder extends horizontally and is fitted with a cone. The clamping unit includes a positioning ring and a pushing seat. The positioning ring is mounted on the base, one end of the pushing seat is slidably embedded in the positioning ring, and the other end of the pushing seat extends out of the positioning ring. The test block can be slidably inserted into the positioning ring and abuts against the pushing seat. The cylinder can push the cone to break the test block away from one end of the pushing seat. An mounting seat is installed on the piston rod of the cylinder, and a flexible first lever is installed on the mounting seat. The movement trajectory of the pushing seat has a first endpoint and a second endpoint. The beneficial effect of this application is that it improves the efficiency of concrete quality testing.

[0004] Another example is the patent with authorization announcement number CN117451535B, authorization announcement date March 8, 2024, entitled "A Concrete Quality Testing Device for Water Conservancy Projects". It includes a pressurizing mechanism, as well as a top pressure mechanism and a bottom support mechanism for applying pressure to the concrete test block for testing. The top pressure mechanism is located at the upper end of the concrete test block and has a pressure balancing component that always ensures balanced downward pressure. The top pressure mechanism is fixed to the pressure component of the pressurizing mechanism. The bottom support mechanism is located at the lower end of the concrete test block and is fixed to the support component of the pressurizing mechanism. Lateral pressure mechanisms for applying pressure to the concrete test block are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the concrete test block and are fixedly installed on the pressurizing mechanism. This is used to solve the technical problem that the test results are affected by the displacement caused by uneven deformation of the concrete test block due to uneven internal stress during testing.

[0005] When testing the compressive strength of concrete test blocks, the concrete test blocks need to be manually moved to the movable supports of the press. However, there is a gap between the two movable supports. During the manual handling process, due to the presence of the top pressure device, it is difficult to place the concrete test blocks directly onto the two movable supports from directly above. Usually, the concrete test blocks need to be supported against one of the movable supports and moved and aligned by two or more workers. During this process, the concrete test blocks are prone to bumping against the press workbench and will also increase the workload of the workers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A concrete quality testing device for hydraulic engineering includes a base plate with two movable supports slidably mounted on it. A top pressurizing mechanism is also provided on the base plate. The device further includes a flexural strength testing unit. A preload plate is vertically slidably mounted on the base plate via an elastic support. The preload plate is located directly above the movable supports and has two openings corresponding to the movable supports. When the top pressurizing mechanism applies downward pressure, the preload plate moves downward first, allowing the openings to pass through the movable supports and supporting the concrete test block. When the movable supports support the concrete test block, the top pressurizing mechanism contacts the concrete test block, and the flexural strength testing unit performs flexural strength testing on the concrete test block.

[0009] The aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects includes an elastic support section comprising an elastic telescopic rod connected between the base plate and the pre-stressing plate.

[0010] In the aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects, the top end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixed to the bottom of the pre-stressing plate, and the pre-stressing plate is in a horizontal state.

[0011] In the aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects, the top end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the pre-stressing plate, and the pre-stressing plate is in an inclined state.

[0012] The above-mentioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects has an installation plate fixed on the base plate, and two limiting grooves are opened on the installation plate. The two movable supports slide relative to each other in the corresponding limiting grooves.

[0013] The aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects has a top support roller rotatably mounted on the top of the movable support.

[0014] In the aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects, a driving component is installed in the limiting groove. The driving component is used to drive the movable support to slide within the limiting groove to adjust the distance between the two movable supports.

[0015] The aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects includes a top pressurization mechanism comprising two limiting columns vertically fixed on the base plate, with a pressurization platform slidably mounted on the two limiting columns, and a downward pressurization drive unit for driving the pressurization platform to move downward.

[0016] The aforementioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects includes a connecting plate detachably fixed to the bottom of the pressure platform, a pressure support fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate, and a pressure roller rotatably mounted on the lower end of the pressure support.

[0017] The above-mentioned concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects has a connecting block fixed on the side wall of the pre-stressing plate and a pre-stressing rod detachably fixed at the bottom of the pressure support. The pre-stressing rod and the connecting block are correspondingly matched, and the length of the pre-stressing rod is greater than the thickness of the concrete test block. When the pressure support moves downward, the pre-stressing rod first contacts the connecting block and pushes the connecting block and the pre-stressing plate downward.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a concrete quality testing device for hydraulic engineering, including a pre-pressure plate and a passage. When transporting concrete test blocks, one end of the concrete test block can be moved to abut against the upper end of the pre-pressure plate, and then the concrete test block can be pushed along the upper end of the pre-pressure plate to move it directly above the two movable supports. In this way, the phenomenon of the concrete test block directly colliding with the base plate due to its own weight is avoided, and the transportation process of the concrete test block is simplified. When the top pressure mechanism applies pressure downward, the pre-pressure plate first moves downward so that the passage passes through the movable supports and supports the concrete test block, ensuring the normal testing process of the concrete test block. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 The following is a top view of the structure of the blocking plate, connecting spring, contact plate and elastic trapezoidal block provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of the area at point X.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8A magnified view of the area at point Y.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Base plate; 2. Movable support; 3. Top pressurization mechanism; 31. Limiting post; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Pressurizing roller; 34. Connecting block; 341. Through hole; 342. Trapezoidal extrusion block; 343. Extrusion rod; 344. Limiting bracket; 345. Telescopic positioning shaft; 346. Elastic positioning block; 347. Vertical positioning groove; 348. Horizontal positioning groove; 349. Reset pressure rod; 350. Return block; 351. Elastic driven block; 35. Preload rod; 4. Elastic support part; 41. Elastic telescopic rod; 5. Preload plate; 51. Through hole; 52. Blocking plate; 53. Connecting spring; 54. Contact plate; 541. Elastic trapezoidal block; 6. Mounting plate; 61. Limiting groove; 62. Top support roller; 63. Driving component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-9 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete quality testing device for hydraulic engineering, including a base plate 1, two movable supports 2 slidably installed on the base plate 1, a top pressure mechanism 3, and a flexural tensile strength testing unit. A preload plate 5 is vertically slidably installed on the base plate 1 via an elastic support 4. The preload plate 5 is located directly above the movable supports 2 and has two through-holes 51 corresponding to the movable supports 2. When the top pressure mechanism 3 applies downward pressure, the preload plate 5 moves downward first, allowing the through-holes 51 to pass through the movable supports 2 and support the concrete test block. When the movable supports 2 support the concrete test block, the top pressure mechanism 3 contacts the concrete test block, and the flexural tensile strength of the concrete test block is tested by the flexural tensile strength testing unit.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the concrete test block for hydraulic engineering is a square block structure. Two movable supports 2 are arranged opposite each other on the base plate 1, and the two movable supports 2 can only slide relative to each other to adjust the distance between them. The movable supports 2 are mainly used to support the concrete test block to facilitate three-point or four-point pressure application. The top of the movable support 2 has line contact with the concrete test block, which can be achieved through a cylindrical structure. The top pressure mechanism 3 is used to apply single-point or multi-point pressure to the top of the concrete test block, and can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The bending tensile strength... The degree detection unit (not shown in the figure) is used to detect the ultimate failure load and the fracture location at the lower edge of the concrete specimen, etc. These are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated further. In this embodiment, preferably, the preload plate 5 is a plate-shaped structure with a thickness ranging from 5 to 10 mm. The middle position of the preload plate 5 is aligned with the middle position of the two movable supports 2. The top height of the movable supports 2 is not greater than the top height of the preload plate 5. The through-hole 51 is a square through hole, and the width of the through-hole 51 is greater than the width of the movable support 2. The size of the through-hole 51 is sufficient for the movable support 2 to pass through. The elastic support part 4 mainly... The pre-stressing plate 5 is used to provide elastic support and restrict its movement direction, allowing it to move only vertically. During the complete testing process, the pre-stressing plate 5 has three stable working states. In the first working state, no concrete test block is placed on the pre-stressing plate 5, and the pre-stressing plate 5 and elastic support 4 are in their natural state, with the pre-stressing plate 5 located directly above the movable support 2. In the second working state, a concrete test block is transported onto the pre-stressing plate 5. Under the weight of the concrete test block, the pre-stressing plate 5 moves downwards a certain distance and presses against the elastic support 4, then remains stationary. In the third working state... The top pressure mechanism 3 applies downward pressure, and the pre-pressure plate 5 first contacts a part of the top pressure mechanism 3 and gradually squeezes the elastic support part 4. The pre-pressure plate 5 moves downward so that the through port 51 passes through the movable support 2. At this time, the pre-pressure plate 5 moves to below the top of the movable support 2 and a certain gap appears between it and the concrete test block. The concrete test block is supported by the movable support 2. The top pressure mechanism 3 continues to apply downward pressure so that another part of it contacts the concrete test block and gradually applies pressure to the concrete test block. At this time, the flexural tensile strength of the concrete test block is tested by the flexural tensile strength testing unit.

[0034] In the above embodiments, when transporting concrete test blocks, one end of the concrete test block can be moved to abut against one side of the upper end of the preload plate 5, and then pushed along the upper end of the preload plate 5 to move the concrete test block directly above the two movable supports 2. This avoids the concrete test block from directly colliding with the base plate 1 due to its weight, simplifying the transport process. Clearly, the preload plate 5 has two effects: firstly, when the preload plate 5 is directly above the movable supports 2, it facilitates the transport of the concrete test block, and the contact between the preload plate 5 and the concrete test block is elastic, preventing collisions; secondly, when the preload plate 5 is directly below the movable supports 2 (third working state), it continuously... When the concrete test block is compressed, the middle part of the concrete test block may gradually crack or break directly (when the thickness of the concrete test block is small). In either case, the cracked concrete test block may have fragments falling out. The pre-compression plate 5 can collect the fallen fragments on the pre-compression plate 5 for easy handling and prevent the fragments from splashing after falling. Moreover, more importantly, if the middle part of the concrete test block breaks, the fracture point in the middle part of the concrete test block will tilt downward and may fall out between the top pressure mechanism 3 and the movable support 2 and hit the bottom plate 1. At this time, the pre-compression plate 5 has the function of buffering the impact and protecting the testing device. That is to say, the two relative positions of the pre-compression plate 5 and the movable support 2 have two different functions.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present invention, the elastic support 4 includes an elastic telescopic rod 41 connected between the base plate 1 and the pre-pressure plate 5; the top end of the elastic telescopic rod 41 is fixed to the bottom of the pre-pressure plate 5, and the pre-pressure plate 5 is in a horizontal state. When the concrete test block moves onto the pre-pressure plate 5, under the gravity of the concrete test block, the pre-pressure plate 5 moves downward and compresses the elastic telescopic rod 41; when the top pressing mechanism 3 applies downward pressure, the pre-pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, and at this time the elastic telescopic rod 41 also continues to move downward, and the elastic telescopic rod 41 is further compressed, thus providing elastic support for the pre-pressure plate 5 and restricting its direction of movement so that the pre-pressure plate 5 can only move in the vertical direction.

[0036] When transporting concrete test blocks, one end of the concrete test block is placed against one side of the upper end of the pre-pressure plate 5, and then the concrete test block is pushed along the upper end of the pre-pressure plate 5 to move it directly above the two movable supports 2. During this process, the concrete test block is relatively heavy, which makes moving the concrete test block difficult. In another embodiment of the present invention, the top end of the elastic telescopic rod 41 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the pre-pressure plate 5. The initial state of the pre-pressure plate 5 is inclined. The length of one of the elastic telescopic rods 41 is greater than the length of the other elastic telescopic rod 41. The height of the side of the pre-pressure plate 5 connected to the longer elastic telescopic rod 41 is greater than the height of the side of the pre-pressure plate 5 connected to the shorter elastic telescopic rod 41 (the inclination direction of the pre-pressure plate 5 at this time is defined as positive inclination). In this way, when transporting concrete test blocks, one end of the concrete test block is placed at the higher end of the pre-pressure plate 5. The end of the preload plate 5 closest to the shorter elastic telescopic rod 41 is defined as the first end, and the end of the preload plate 5 closest to the longer elastic telescopic rod 41 is defined as the second end. At this time, the preload plate 5 moves, and the movement of the preload plate 5 is a combination of downward sliding and deflection. The degree of inclination of the preload plate 5 also changes. However, the inclination direction of the preload plate 5 will not reverse due to the increased weight of the concrete test block. That is to say, the preload plate 5 is still inclined in the positive direction (this can be achieved by setting the elastic coefficient of the longer elastic telescopic rod 41). In this way, when one end of the concrete test block is placed on the higher end of the preload plate 5, the concrete test block can be moved along the inclination direction of the preload plate 5, which reduces the workload and facilitates the movement of the concrete test block. In this embodiment, the concrete test block can not only achieve elastic contact to avoid collision, but also use the inclination angle of the preload plate 5 to assist in the loading of the concrete test block.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present invention, a mounting plate 6 is fixed on the base plate 1, and two limiting grooves 61 are formed on the mounting plate 6. The limiting grooves 61 are preferably located in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate 1. The two movable supports 2 slide relative to each other in the corresponding limiting grooves 61, thereby limiting the movement direction of the movable supports 2 to adapt to different working scenarios. A top support roller 62 is rotatably mounted on the top of the movable support 2 to achieve line contact between the concrete test block and the top support roller 62. At the same time, when the concrete test block is pressed on the top support roller 62, it is also convenient to adjust the position of the concrete test block. A driving component 63 is installed in the limiting groove 61. The driving component 63 is used to drive the movable support 2 to slide in the limiting groove 61 to adjust the distance between the two movable supports 2. The driving component 63 is preferably an electric push rod. Before testing, the movable support 2 needs to be driven by the driving component 63 to slide slightly in the limiting groove 61 in advance for slight adjustment.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the top pressurizing mechanism 3 includes two limiting columns 31 vertically fixed on the base plate 1, and a pressurizing platform is slidably installed on the two limiting columns 31. It also includes a downward pressurizing drive unit (not shown in the figure). The downward pressurizing drive unit is used to drive the pressurizing platform to move downward. The downward pressurizing drive unit is a prior art technology, which only needs to drive the pressurizing platform to move downward. There are multiple solutions in the prior art. Optionally, the downward pressurizing drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder. After the concrete test block is installed, the pressurizing platform is driven by the downward pressurizing drive unit to gradually move downward on the limiting columns 31 and contact the concrete test block. The downward pressurizing drive unit then continuously and stably pressurizes the concrete test block, thereby performing flexural tensile strength testing on the concrete test block.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, a connecting plate 32 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the pressure table, and a pressure support is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate 32. A pressure roller 33 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the pressure support. The pressure roller 33 is used to contact the concrete test block and squeeze its upper surface. The two pressure rollers 33 are arranged opposite to each other, and the distance between the two pressure rollers 33 is smaller than the distance between the two top support rollers 62. In this way, pressure can be applied to the middle position of the concrete test block, causing the middle part of the concrete test block to tilt downward and break.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of connecting blocks 34 are fixed on the side wall of the preload plate 5. Preferably, there are four connecting blocks 34, which are arranged in pairs opposite each other. A preload rod 35 is detachably fixed at the bottom of the pressure support. The preload rod 35 and the connecting blocks 34 are correspondingly matched. The contact surfaces of the preload rod 35 and the connecting blocks 34 are both horizontal. When the preload rod 35 moves vertically downward, it will contact the connecting blocks 34. The length of the preload rod 35 is greater than the thickness of the concrete test block. When the pressure support moves downward, the preload rod 35 first contacts the connecting blocks 34 and pushes the connecting blocks 34 and the preload plate 5 downward. In this way, the concrete test block falls on the movable support 2 and is lifted by the movable support 2. When the preload plate 5 is no longer in contact with the concrete test block, the pressure roller 33 begins to contact the upper surface of the concrete test block and apply pressure. Of course, for the convenience of testing, an additional driving mechanism can be used to drive the connecting blocks 34 downward to push the preload plate 5 to move.

[0041] Obviously, in the third working state, the concrete test block is arranged horizontally. That is to say, the preload plate 5 is first pressed into a horizontal state by the top pressure mechanism 3 before the concrete test block is pressure tested. During this process, the preload rod 35 first contacts the docking block 34 which is at a higher horizontal height.

[0042] Obviously, when the concrete test block slides along the inclined direction of the preload plate 5, it will slide off the preload plate 5 without any obstruction, and it is also difficult to maintain the inclined state on the inclined preload plate 5. To address this, this embodiment provides a solution: a blocking plate 52 is installed on the preload plate 5, and the blocking plate 52 is perpendicular to the preload plate 5. A contact plate 54 is installed on the upward inclined end of the blocking plate 52 through a connecting spring 53. When the concrete test block slides downward along the inclined direction of the preload plate 5, the side wall of the concrete test block will contact the contact plate 54 and cause the contact plate 54 to slide and squeeze the connecting spring 53. In this way, the concrete test block is elastically blocked, preventing the concrete test block from sliding off the preload plate 5.

[0043] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5-6 Two elastic trapezoidal blocks 541 are provided at the upward-facing end of the contact plate 54. The two elastic trapezoidal blocks 541 are arranged opposite each other, and the shortest distance between the two elastic trapezoidal blocks 541 is equal to the width of the concrete specimen. The end of the elastic trapezoidal block 541 near the concrete specimen is inclined, and this inclined surface can push the concrete specimen to move towards the center position. When the concrete specimen slides along the inclined direction of the preload plate 5, it can be guided to slide into the space between the two elastic trapezoidal blocks 541, so that the concrete specimen can be centered in the width direction of the preload plate 5 (the centering of the concrete specimen in the width direction of the preload plate 5 is defined as width centering, and the centering of the concrete specimen in the length direction of the preload plate 5 is defined as length centering). In this way, the accuracy of the test results is ensured. In this embodiment, the inclined preload plate 5 is used to assist the concrete specimen in entering the space between the two elastic trapezoidal blocks 541, passively driving the concrete specimen to be centered in the width direction of the preload plate 5.

[0044] In summary, the contact plate 54 has two functions: first, to prevent the concrete test block from sliding out of the preload plate 5; and second, to passively drive the concrete test block to center itself by utilizing the tilted state of the preload plate 5.

[0045] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6-9When testing the ultimate breaking load, the preload plate 5 is also subjected to a certain pressure, which will affect the test results. Therefore, this embodiment provides a further solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problem (taking the preload plate 5 as horizontally arranged as an example); the preload plate 5 is horizontally arranged and has a split structure. The preload plate 5 is divided into a first plate and a second plate by its centerline (parallel to the length direction of the preload plate 5). The two are connected by an elastic connector, such as a spring rod. The direction of movement of the elastic connector is parallel to the extension direction of the width of the preload plate 5 (the length direction of the preload plate 5 is defined as the front-back direction, and the width direction of the preload plate 5 is defined as the left-right direction). That is to say, the first plate and the second plate can be separated horizontally. In the initial state, the first plate and the second plate are tightly attached together under the elastic action of the elastic connector; to assist the horizontal sliding separation of the first plate and the second plate, four elastic support parts 4 are preferably provided. An elastic support part 4 is slidably connected to the front and back sides of the first plate or the second plate, and the bottom of the elastic support part 4 is fixed to the base plate 1; The docking block 34 has a through-hole 341. A trapezoidal extrusion block 342 is formed at the bottom of the docking block 34. One end of the trapezoidal extrusion block 342 near the pre-pressing plate 5 is inclined. The trapezoidal extrusion block 342 is adjacent to the through-hole 341. An extrusion rod 343, corresponding to the docking block 34, is detachably fixed on the base plate 1. When the trapezoidal extrusion block 342 moves vertically downwards, it contacts the upper end of the extrusion rod 343. There is a certain distance between the upper end of the extrusion rod 343 and the bottom of the trapezoidal extrusion block 342. This distance... The pre-pressure plate 5 moves vertically downwards. The upper end of the extrusion rod 343 is provided with an installation groove. The width of the through-hole 341 is greater than the width of the extrusion rod 343, and the width of the installation groove is greater than the width of the pre-pressure rod 35. That is to say, the extrusion rod 343 can be inserted into the through-hole 341, and the pre-pressure rod 35 can also be inserted into the through-hole 341. When the extrusion rod 343 contacts the pre-pressure rod 35, the pre-pressure rod 35 will move downwards into the installation groove. This design is to avoid the extrusion rod 343 blocking the downward movement of the pre-pressure rod 35.A limit bracket 344 is rotatably mounted on the extrusion rod 343 via a torsion spring (not shown in the figure). The limit bracket 344 consists of a limit shaft and a connecting square plate. The limit shaft rotatably passes through the extrusion rod 343, and the connecting square plate is fixed to the end of the limit shaft away from the pre-pressure plate 5. A telescopic positioning shaft 345 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the limit bracket 344. A limit spring connects the telescopic positioning shaft 345 and the limit bracket 344. An elastic positioning block 346 is formed on the telescopic positioning shaft 345. The elastic positioning block 346 is trapezoidal and can undergo a certain elastic deformation. The end of the elastic positioning block 346 near the pre-pressure plate 5 is inclined. A vertical positioning groove 347 is provided at the end of the docking block 34 away from the pre-pressure plate 5. The vertical cross-section of the vertical positioning groove 347 is arc-shaped, and the ends of the two vertical positioning grooves 347 on the first plate or the second plate that are close to each other pass through the docking block. 34. This design facilitates the telescopic positioning shaft 345 to move away from the vertical positioning groove 347 in a circular motion direction. A horizontal positioning groove 348 is also formed on the side of the vertical positioning groove 347 near the pre-pressure plate 5. The horizontal positioning groove 348 is correspondingly matched with the elastic positioning block 346 to facilitate the positioning of the docking block 34 in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a reset pressure rod 349 is detachably fixed to one end of the pre-pressure rod 35 near the pre-pressure plate 5. A return block 350 is formed at the lower end of the reset pressure rod 349. A horizontal elastic follower block 351 is formed at one end of the limiting rotating shaft near the pre-pressure plate 5. The elastic follower block 351 and the return block 350 are correspondingly matched. When the pre-pressure plate 5 is stationary, the reset pressure rod 349 will directly insert into it when moving downwards. When the pre-pressure rod 35 drives the reset pressure rod 349 downwards, the return block 350 will squeeze the elastic follower block 351.

[0046] During the downward movement of the preload rod 35, the preload plate 5 has three strokes: vertical downward stroke, oblique separation stroke, and reset stroke. Vertical downward stroke: the preload rod 35 moves downward and contacts the docking block 34. At this time, the preload rod 35 pushes the docking block 34 and the preload plate 5 to move vertically downward. The trapezoidal extrusion block 342 also moves closer to the extrusion rod 343. This stroke is used to move the preload plate 5 downward and make the moving support 2 lift the concrete test block.

[0047] During the oblique separation stroke, the trapezoidal extrusion block 342 gradually contacts the top of the extrusion rod 343. At this time, the trapezoidal extrusion block 342 is extruded by the extrusion rod 343 and moves away from the pre-pressure plate 5, which causes the mating block 34 to move away from the pre-pressure plate 5. The first plate and the second plate then slide horizontally apart, and the elastic connector is stretched. At the same time, the pre-pressure plate 5 also moves downward. Therefore, the movement of the first plate or the second plate is a combination of downward and horizontal movements, which causes the first plate or the second plate to tilt downward. At this moment, (taking the first plate as an example) the side wall of the docking block 34 on the first plate begins to contact and press the telescopic positioning shaft 345 to slide. At the same time, the limiting spring is compressed, and the telescopic positioning shaft 345 slides tightly against the side wall of the docking block 34 and contacts the vertical positioning groove 347. Under the elastic action of the limiting spring, the telescopic positioning shaft 345 enters the vertical positioning groove 347, and the elastic positioning block 346 is squeezed and deformed and stuck into the horizontal positioning groove 348. When the elastic positioning block 346 is stuck into the horizontal positioning groove 348... During this process, the preload rod 35 also moves above the through-hole 341 and no longer contacts the connecting block 34 to apply pressure. Thus, the telescopic positioning shaft 345 and the elastic positioning block 346 limit the vertical and horizontal movement of the preload plate 5, ensuring that even when the preload rod 35 is not applying pressure to the preload plate 5, the preload plate 5 can remain below the concrete test block. At this time, the preload rod 35 will not be subjected to horizontal or vertical pressure. It should be noted that during this process, the compression rod 343 also moves below the through-hole 341, and the preload rod 35 continues to move downwards. When inserted into the mounting slot, the compression rod 343 will not obstruct the downward movement of the preload rod 35. In addition, during this process, the downward movement of the reset rod 349 will cause the return block 350 to contact the elastic follower block 351. The return block 350 compressing the elastic follower block 351 will cause the limiting shaft to tend to rotate. However, the tendency of the limiting shaft to rotate cannot cause the telescopic positioning shaft 345 to rotate out of the vertical positioning slot 347. Therefore, the movement of the limiting shaft is blocked, the elastic follower block 351 is compressed, and the return block 350 moves to below the elastic follower block 351.

[0048] During the reset stroke, the reset lever 349 moves upward following the preload lever 35. At this time, the return block 350 contacts and presses the driven block 351 to move. Simultaneously, the limiting shaft is driven and rotates (the torsion spring also moves accordingly), causing the telescopic positioning shaft 345 and the elastic positioning block 346 to rotate out of the vertical positioning groove 347 and the horizontal positioning groove 348. Under the elastic action of the elastic connector and the elastic support 4, the preload plate 5 resets. After the preload plate 5 resets, under the elastic action of the torsion spring, the limiting bracket 344 also... Resetting facilitates the next test of the flexural tensile strength of the concrete specimen. Obviously, through the above scheme, the preload plate 5 can be restricted and positioned in a completely passive manner after moving downward, thereby avoiding continuous reverse pressure on the preload rod 35. This can reduce interference when testing the ultimate failure load, which is beneficial to the test of the flexural tensile strength of the concrete specimen. It can also avoid excessive compression of the elastic support part 4. At the same time, the movement and reset of the preload plate 5 in the above technical solution are passive, which can avoid installing additional drive on the preload plate 5.

[0049] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A concrete quality testing device for hydraulic engineering, comprising a base plate, two movable supports slidably mounted on the base plate, a top pressure mechanism on the base plate, and a flexural tensile strength testing unit, characterized in that... A preload plate is vertically slidably mounted on the base plate via an elastic support. The preload plate is located directly above the movable support and has two openings corresponding to the movable support. When the top pressurizing mechanism applies downward pressure, the preload plate first moves downward so that the through-hole passes through the movable support and supports the concrete test block through the movable support; When the movable support supports the concrete test block, the top pressure mechanism comes into contact with the concrete test block, and the flexural tensile strength of the concrete test block is tested by the flexural tensile strength testing unit. A baffle plate is installed on the preload plate. The baffle plate is perpendicular to the preload plate. A contact plate is installed on the upward inclined end of the baffle plate through a connecting spring. Two elastic trapezoidal blocks are provided at the upward-facing end of the contact plate. The two elastic trapezoidal blocks are arranged opposite each other, and the shortest distance between the two elastic trapezoidal blocks is equal to the width of the concrete test block. The end of the elastic trapezoidal block closest to the concrete test block is an inclined surface. The top pressurizing mechanism includes two limiting columns fixed vertically on the base plate, and a pressurizing platform is slidably mounted on the two limiting columns. It also includes a downward pressurizing drive unit, which is used to drive the pressurizing platform to move downward. The bottom of the pressure table is detachably fixed with a connecting plate, and a pressure support is fixedly provided at the bottom of the connecting plate. A pressure roller is rotatably installed at the lower end of the pressure support. A connecting block is fixed on the side wall of the preload plate, and a preload rod is detachably fixed at the bottom of the pressure support. The preload rod and the connecting block are correspondingly matched, and the length of the preload rod is greater than the thickness of the concrete test block. When the pressure support moves downward, the preload rod first contacts the connecting block and pushes the connecting block and the preload plate downward. The pre-compression plate is arranged horizontally and is divided into a first plate and a second plate with its centerline as the dividing line. The first plate and the second plate are connected by an elastic connector. In the initial state, the first plate and the second plate are tightly pressed together under the elastic action of the elastic connector. The elastic support is provided in four parts. An elastic support is slidably provided on both the front and rear sides of the first plate, and an elastic support is slidably connected to both the front and rear sides of the second plate. The bottom of the elastic support is fixed to the base plate. The docking block has a through opening, and a trapezoidal extrusion block is formed at the bottom of the docking block. An extrusion rod corresponding to the docking block is also fixed on the base plate. An installation groove is formed at the upper end of the extrusion rod. The width of the through opening is greater than the width of the extrusion rod, and the width of the installation groove is greater than the width of the pre-pressure rod. When the extrusion rod contacts the pre-pressure rod, the pre-pressure rod will move downward into the installation groove. A limit bracket is also rotatably mounted on the extrusion rod via a torsion spring. The limit bracket consists of a limit shaft and a connecting square plate. The limit shaft rotatably passes through the extrusion rod, and the connecting square plate is fixed to the end of the limit shaft away from the pre-pressing plate. A telescopic positioning shaft is also slidably mounted on the upper end of the limit bracket. A limit spring is connected between the telescopic positioning shaft and the limit bracket. An elastic positioning block is formed on the telescopic positioning shaft. The end of the elastic positioning block near the pre-pressing plate is inclined. A vertical positioning groove is formed at the end of the docking block away from the pre-pressing plate. The two vertical positioning grooves of the first plate pass through the docking block at their close ends, and the two vertical positioning grooves of the second plate also pass through the docking block at their close ends. A horizontal positioning groove is also formed on the side of the vertical positioning groove near the pre-pressing plate. The horizontal positioning groove is correspondingly matched with the elastic positioning block. A reset rod is detachably fixed at one end of the preload rod near the preload plate. A return block is formed at the lower end of the reset rod. An elastic follower block is formed at one end of the limiting shaft near the preload plate. The elastic follower block and the return block are correspondingly arranged.

2. The concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support includes an elastic telescopic rod connecting the base plate and the preload plate.

3. The concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixed to the bottom of the preload plate, which is in a horizontal state.

4. The concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the preload plate, which is in an inclined state.

5. The concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting plate is fixed on the base plate, and two limiting grooves are provided on the mounting plate. The two movable supports slide relative to each other in the corresponding limiting grooves.

6. The concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the movable support is rotatably mounted with a top support roller.

7. A concrete quality testing device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, A driving component is installed in the limiting groove, and the driving component is used to drive the movable support to slide in the limiting groove to adjust the distance between the two movable supports.

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