Icing mold, and device and method for measuring icing bonding force by using icing mold

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an icing mold, and a device and a method for measuring icing bonding force by using the icing mold. The icing mold comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and anti-icing coatings to be tested are arranged on the two opposite side faces of the first substrate and the second substrate; the freezing frame is arranged between the first base plate and the second base plate, the freezing frame is provided with openings facing the first base plate and the second base plate, and a water injection opening is formed in the side wall of the freezing frame; wherein the to-be-tested anti-icing coating can cover the openings in the two sides of the freezing frame, a freezing cavity is defined by the to-be-tested anti-icing coating and the freezing frame, and the water injection opening communicates with the freezing cavity. The icing mold is simple in structure, and ice and the to-be-tested anti-icing coating can be fully bonded together.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to research on anti-icing performance, and in particular to an icing mold, a device for measuring icing adhesion using the icing mold, and a method for measuring icing adhesion using the icing mold. Background Art

[0002] For wind power generation, plateaus, cold regions, ridges and mountain tops are rich in wind energy resources and have great development value. However, these places have low temperatures, high altitudes and high humidity, which can easily cause blade icing, resulting in increased blade loads, directly affecting the life of the unit and reducing the unit's annual power generation. At present, the research on deicing technology mainly includes three directions: coating anti-icing, mechanical deicing, and heating deicing. Among them, coating anti-icing is a relatively economical and pre-emptive anti-icing solution, but there is currently no perfect test standard for the detection of coating anti-icing performance, and the ice-covering mold structure used is relatively complex. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ice coating mold and a device and method for measuring ice coating adhesion using the ice coating mold, so as to at least solve the problem that the current ice coating mold structure is relatively complex.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides an ice-coating mold, which includes: a first substrate and a second substrate, which are arranged facing each other, and the two side surfaces facing each other of the first substrate and the second substrate are provided with a test-type anti-icing coating; an ice-freezing frame, which is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the ice-freezing frame has openings facing the first substrate and the second substrate respectively, and a water injection port is provided on the side wall of the ice-freezing frame; wherein the test-type anti-icing coating can cover the openings on both sides of the ice-freezing frame, and form an ice-freezing cavity with the ice-freezing frame, and the water injection port is connected to the ice-freezing cavity.

[0005] The ice-coating mold provided by the embodiment of this aspect is to pre-set the anti-icing coating to be tested on the first substrate and the second substrate, and use the ice freezing frame and the two substrates to form an ice freezing cavity. After water is injected into the ice freezing cavity through the water injection port to freeze the ice, the ice is bonded to the anti-icing coating to be tested on the two side substrates, so as to realize ice coating on the anti-icing coating to be tested. The structure is simple, and water is injected into the ice freezing cavity, which is conducive to fully bonding the anti-icing coating to be tested with the ice. Specifically, different coatings can be applied to the substrates as needed, so as to test the anti-icing performance of different coatings, and the ice freezing frame can be reused and matched with substrates coated with different anti-icing coatings to be tested, so it has good versatility.

[0006] The second aspect of the present invention provides a device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold, comprising: an environmental chamber, a tensile testing machine, and an ice coating mold as provided in the first aspect of the present invention; the ice coating mold is placed in the environmental chamber, the clamp of the tensile testing machine connects the first substrate and the second substrate, and the tensile testing machine can apply a tensile force that moves the first substrate and the second substrate away from each other.

[0007] The device for measuring ice adhesion using an ice-coated mold provided by the embodiment of this aspect places the ice-coated mold in an environmental chamber, and uses a tensile machine to apply a pulling force away from each other to the first substrate and the second substrate to obtain ice adhesion. The operation is simple, and because the ice-coated mold is subjected to the pulling force of the tensile machine in a low-temperature environment, the risk of ice melting is eliminated, which is conducive to improving the measurement accuracy. Moreover, when using a tensile machine for measurement, the ice-coated fixture is subjected to uniform force, the test data has high repeatability, and the test results are more accurate.

[0008] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold, including the following steps: pre-coating an anti-icing coating to be tested on a first substrate and a second substrate; placing an ice freezing frame at designated positions of the first substrate and the second substrate, so that the anti-icing coating to be tested on the first substrate and the anti-icing coating to be tested on the second substrate cover the openings on both sides of the ice freezing frame and form an ice freezing cavity with the ice freezing frame; placing the first substrate, the second substrate and the ice freezing frame in an environmental chamber, and injecting water into the ice freezing cavity; controlling the environmental chamber to lower the temperature so that the water in the ice freezing cavity freezes to form an ice layer and bonds with the anti-icing coating to be tested; and using a tensile testing machine in the environmental chamber to apply a pulling force away from each other to the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0009] The method for measuring ice adhesion force using an ice-coated mold provided in the embodiment of this aspect uses a tensile testing machine to apply a tensile force away from each other to the first substrate and the second substrate to obtain the ice adhesion force. The operation is simple, and because the ice-coated mold withstands the tensile force of the tensile testing machine in a low temperature environment, the risk of ice melting is eliminated, which is conducive to improving measurement accuracy.

[0010] Additional aspects and / or advantages of the present general inventive concept will be set forth in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the present general inventive concept. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0012] Figure 1 The structure of the ice-coating mold of the first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0013] Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of a second substrate coated with an anti-icing coating to be tested in the first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an ice freezing frame according to a first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0015] Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of an ice-coating mold according to a first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the binding position of the first substrate and the second substrate by the cable tie of the first embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the binding position of the first substrate and the second substrate by the cable tie of the first embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 7 The structure of the ice-coating mold of the second embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present application in which an anti-icing coating to be tested is coated on a first substrate is shown;

[0020] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of an ice freezing frame according to a second embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Fig.10 A partial schematic diagram of an ice-coating mold according to a second embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing the binding position of the first substrate and the second substrate by the cable tie of the second embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0023] Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing the binding position of the first substrate and the second substrate by the cable tie of the second embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0024] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring ice-coating adhesion using an ice-coating mold according to another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Fig.15 Shows Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the local method at I in the figure.

[0027] Figures 1 to 15 Description of Figure Numbers:

[0028] 110 first substrate, 120 second substrate, 130 anti-icing coating to be tested, 140 ice frame, 141 water injection port,

[0029] 150 cable ties,

[0030] 210 tensile machine, 211 fixture, 212 lifting platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, after understanding the disclosure of the present application, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be clear. For example, the order of operations described herein is only an example and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, for greater clarity and simplicity, the description of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0032] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided to illustrate only some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein, which will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0033] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0034] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions should not be limited by these terms. Instead, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples may also be referred to as the second member, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion.

[0035] In the specification, when an element such as a layer, a region or a substrate is described as being “on”, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, the element may be directly “on”, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on”, “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element, other elements may not be present therebetween.

[0036] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof. The term "plurality" represents any number of two and more than two.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical terms and scientific terms, have the same meaning as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs after understanding the present invention. Unless explicitly defined as such herein, terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field and the present invention, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal way.

[0038] The wind energy resources in plateaus, cold regions, mountain ridges and mountain tops are very rich and have great development value, but the efficient operation of wind turbines in these places is difficult. The low temperature, high altitude and high humidity in these places can easily cause blade icing, which increases the blade load and directly affects the life of the unit. It also reduces the annual power generation of the unit. Therefore, the relevant technology proposes a solution to coat the blade surface with an anti-icing coating, but there is currently no perfect test standard for the detection of the anti-icing performance of the coating.

[0039] Based on this, the following will combine Figures 1 to 15 The present invention provides an ice coating mold, a device for measuring ice coating adhesion using the ice coating mold, and a method for measuring ice coating adhesion using the ice coating mold. The ice coating mold and the device for measuring ice coating adhesion can be used to detect the anti-icing coating on the blade, and can also be used to detect the anti-icing coating on other components, not limited to blades, nor limited to wind turbines, which are not listed here one by one.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, an ice-coating mold includes a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120 and an ice-freezing frame 140. The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are arranged facing each other, and the two sides of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 facing each other are provided with an anti-icing coating 130 to be tested. The ice-freezing frame 140 is arranged between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and the ice-freezing frame 140 has openings facing the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 respectively, and a water injection port 141 is arranged on the side wall of the ice-freezing frame 140. The anti-icing coating to be tested can cover the openings on both sides of the ice-freezing frame 140, and enclose an ice-freezing cavity with the ice-freezing frame 140, and the water injection port 141 is connected to the ice-freezing cavity.

[0041] The ice-coating mold provided in this embodiment is configured by presetting the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and using the ice-freezing frame 140 and the two substrates to enclose an ice-freezing cavity. After water is injected into the ice-freezing cavity through the water injection port 141 to freeze the ice, the ice is bonded to the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the two side substrates, so as to achieve ice-coating on the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested. The structure is simple, and water is injected into the ice-freezing cavity, which is conducive to fully bonding the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested with the ice. Specifically, different coatings can be applied to the substrates as needed, so as to test the anti-icing performance of different coatings. The ice-freezing frame 140 can be reused and matched with substrates coated with different anti-icing coatings 130 to be tested, so it has good versatility.

[0042] Here, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested can be made of the same material and the same process as the coating to be sprayed on the blade, so that the ice adhesion detected by the ice-coating mold is equivalent to the ice adhesion of the coating on the blade, which helps to judge the anti-icing effect of the coating on the blade and provides a research basis for applying a good anti-icing coating on the blade.

[0043] As an example, the anti-icing coating to be tested may be any one of a roller coating, a wipe coating, a spray coating, a scrape coating, a vapor deposition coating and an electroplating coating, like the anti-icing coating on the blade.

[0044] The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can both be material substrates for manufacturing wind turbine blades. The substrate is used to simulate the blade. In combination with the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested, the situation of coating the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the blade can be better simulated, so that the ice adhesion detected by the ice coating mold can be almost equivalent to the ice adhesion of the coating on the blade, which helps to predict the anti-icing effect of coating the coating on the blade and provides a research basis for coating an anti-icing coating with good effect on the blade.

[0045] For example, different anti-icing coatings 130 to be tested are set on the substrate in advance for testing, and the anti-icing coating with better anti-icing effect is obtained and applied to the blade. Of course, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested that is planned to be sprayed on the blade can also be sprayed on the substrate, using the same preparation process and a substrate of the same material as the blade to ensure the bonding strength between the two. After ice is coated with an ice coating mold, the ice adhesion is tested with the help of the ice coating mold, and the anti-icing effect of the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested can be tested.

[0046] As an example, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are any one of a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, a carbon fiber plate, a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, and a plastic plate. The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of the same material.

[0047] The method of measuring the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested using an ice-coating mold can be to apply a pulling force to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to move the two away from each other. Since the two are bonded together by the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice, the magnitude of the pulling force applied to successfully separate the two and the area of ​​adhesion between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice can reflect the magnitude of the bonding force. Based on this, in order to facilitate the detection using the ice-coating mold, the first substrate 110 can be circumferentially protruding from the frozen ice frame 140, and the second substrate 120 can be circumferentially protruding from the frozen ice frame 140, leaving a clamping area, which is conducive to the force-applying device and the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 protruding from the frozen ice frame 140 to apply a pulling force, so as to avoid the force-applying device and the substrate from accidentally damaging the ice layer or accidentally applying force to the ice layer during the installation and connection process, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0048] Regarding the structures of the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the ice freezing frame 140, in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are both long strips, and the ice frame 140 is a long strip frame. The first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the ice frame 140 are roughly distributed in a Z shape, and the ends of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 away from the ice frame 140 are conveniently connected to the force-applying device. For example, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are long strip substrates with dimensions of 200 mm (length) × 25 mm (width) × 5 mm (thickness), and the ice frame 140 is a long strip frame with dimensions of 80 mm (length) × 20 mm (width) × 5 mm (thickness).

[0049] In another specific embodiment, Figure 7As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are both square plates, and the ice frame 140 is a square frame. The four sides of the ice frame 140 do not exceed the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The roughly square ice-coated mold is small in size, occupies little space, reduces materials, and saves costs. For example, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are square substrates with a size of 50 mm (side length) × 50 mm (side length) × 5 mm (thickness), and the ice frame 140 is a square frame with a size of 40 mm (side length) × 40 mm (side length) × 5 mm (thickness).

[0050] Of course, the shapes and sizes of the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the ice frame 140 are not limited thereto. The design of the long strip frame and the square frame is mainly to facilitate the calculation of the contact area between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice, thereby facilitating the calculation of the ice adhesion of the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested. In addition to the above shapes, the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the ice frame 140 can also be circular or other shapes, which are not listed here one by one.

[0051] As for the coating area of ​​the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested, the entire surface of both sides facing the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can be coated, or only a portion can be covered and coated at the opening position of the corresponding ice freezing frame 140 to ensure that the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is bonded to the ice, reducing material usage and saving costs.

[0052] For the structure of the frozen ice frame 140, further, as Figure 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, the water inlet 141 can be set at the center of the side wall of the ice freezing frame 140. This facilitates the water to evenly fill the ice freezing cavity, ensures that the bonding area of ​​the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is the area of ​​the openings on both sides of the ice freezing frame 140, and facilitates the calculation of the ice adhesion. Of course, the water inlet 141 may not be set at the center of the side wall of the ice freezing frame 140, but may be set offset from the center.

[0053] The inner diameter of the water injection port 141 ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. For example, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, etc. If it is too small, it is not conducive to water injection. If it is too large, water may expand and overflow through the water injection port 141 during the freezing process and cannot be effectively bonded to the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested. Therefore, the inner diameter of the water injection port 141 is set between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, which is convenient for water injection and helps ice to be bonded to the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, the ice-coating mold may further include a fastening device, which is detachably connected to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and is used to fasten the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the ice freezing frame 140 together. In actual application, the fastening device can be used to press the two substrates and the ice freezing frame 140 together to avoid water leakage, which is conducive to promoting the formation of ice in the ice freezing cavity. After the ice layer is formed, the fastening device can be removed and a tensile force can be applied to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to detect the adhesion between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice.

[0055] As an example, the fastening device includes a cable tie 150, which is sleeved on the outer sides of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to apply a force to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to press the ice frame 140. The structure is simple.

[0056] The number of the cable ties 150 may be multiple, and the multiple cable ties 150 are spaced apart in the length direction of the first substrate 110, or the multiple cable ties 150 are cross-distributed on the surface of the first substrate 110. The number of cable ties 150 may be designed according to the required fastening force, the size of the frozen ice frame 140, etc. The bundling method of the multiple cable ties 150 may also be designed according to the shape and size of the frozen ice frame 140 to ensure that the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 tightly clamp the frozen ice frame 140. The cable ties 150 may be elastic bands. The elastic squeezing force is conducive to causing the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to tightly clamp the frozen ice frame 140. Of course, the cable ties 150 may also be ropes similar to those used to strangle dogs to prevent the substrates and the frozen ice frame 140 from spreading out during the freezing process of water.

[0057] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The fastening position of the cable ties 150 relative to the ice freezing frame 140 is shown when the ice freezing frame 140 is a long strip frame. The number of the cable ties 150 is two and four respectively, which are evenly spaced along the length direction and wrapped around the outside of the two base plates.

[0058] Fig.11 and Fig.12 The fastening position of the cable ties 150 relative to the ice frame 140 is shown when the ice frame 140 is a square frame. The number of cable ties 150 is two and four respectively, which are staggered horizontally and vertically, specifically in a cross shape or a tic-tac-toe shape, and wrapped around the outside of the two base plates.

[0059] As an example, the fastening device includes two clamping plates (not shown in the figure) and fastening bolts (not shown in the figure) connecting the two clamping plates. The two clamping plates are clamped on the outside of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and the fastening bolts tighten the two clamping plates. When clamping is required, the two substrates and the ice-freezing frame 140 therebetween are placed between the two clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are tightened by the fastening bolts, thereby squeezing the two substrates and the ice-freezing frame 140 to prevent water leakage and facilitate ice freezing. After the ice freezing is completed, the fastening bolts can be rotated in the opposite direction to loosen the two clamping plates and detach from the substrates, thereby facilitating the subsequent force-applying device to apply force to the substrates to measure the adhesion between the anti-icing coating and the ice.

[0060] The following describes in detail the use of an ice-covered mold according to an embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is pre-coated on one side of the long strip second substrate 120. Similarly, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is coated on one side of the first substrate 110. Figure 3 , prepare a long strip ice-freezing frame 140. Then, arrange the two substrates with the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested face to face, and sandwich the ice-freezing frame 140 between the two substrates, so that the openings on both sides of the ice-freezing frame 140 are blocked by the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on both sides. Then, tie the cable tie 150 so that the two substrates clamp the ice-freezing frame 140. This is conducive to the subsequent smooth freezing of water in the ice-freezing cavity without leaking out. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an ice-covered mold that hides the first substrate 110 is shown, and four cable ties 150 are sleeved on the connection area between the two substrates and the ice freezing frame 140. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the ice-coating mold after assembly is shown. The end of the second substrate 120 away from the ice freezing frame 140 in the length direction can form a clamping area, and the end of the first substrate 110 away from the ice freezing frame 140 in the length direction can also form a clamping area, so that the clamp 211 of the force-applying device can clamp the area and apply tension to the two substrates.

[0061] Similarly, if Figure 8 As shown, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is pre-coated on one side of the square first substrate 110. Similarly, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is shown on one side of the second substrate 120. Fig. 9 , prepare a square ice frame 140. Then, arrange the two substrates with the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested face to face, and sandwich the ice frame 140 between the two substrates, so that the openings on both sides of the ice frame 140 are blocked by the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on both sides. Then, tie the cable tie 150 so that the two substrates clamp the ice frame 140. This is conducive to the subsequent smooth freezing of water in the freezing cavity without leaking out. Fig.10A schematic diagram of the ice-covered mold when the second substrate 120 is hidden is shown, showing that four cable ties 150 are arranged in a tic-tac-toe pattern on the connection area between the two substrates and the ice-freezing frame 140. Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the ice-coating mold after assembly is shown. The area of ​​the first substrate 110 protruding outward from the ice freezing frame 140 can form a clamping area, and the area of ​​the second substrate 120 protruding outward from the ice freezing frame 140 can also form a clamping area, which is convenient for the clamp 211 of the force-applying device to clamp the area and apply tension to the two substrates.

[0062] like Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold, comprising: an environmental chamber, a tensile testing machine 210 and an ice coating mold as provided in the first embodiment described above; the ice coating mold is placed in the environmental chamber, the clamp 211 of the tensile testing machine 210 connects the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and the tensile testing machine 210 can apply a tensile force that moves the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 away from each other.

[0063] The device for measuring ice adhesion using an ice-coating mold provided in the embodiment of this aspect places the ice-coating mold in an environmental chamber, and uses a tensile testing machine 210 to apply a pulling force away from each other to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to obtain the ice adhesion force, which is simple to operate. Moreover, since the ice-coating mold is subjected to the pulling force of the tensile testing machine 210 in a low-temperature environment, the risk of ice melting is eliminated, which is conducive to improving the measurement accuracy. Moreover, when the tensile testing machine 210 is used for measurement, the ice-coating fixture 211 is subjected to uniform force and is not prone to slippage, the test stability is good, the test data repeatability is high, and the test results are more accurate. In addition, the fixture 211 of the existing universal tensile testing machine 210 can be used directly to clamp the substrate, without the need to invest in new fixtures and tooling, thereby reducing the measurement cost.

[0064] In addition, the environmental chamber can be used to simulate the ambient temperature of plateaus, cold regions, ridges, and mountain tops where wind turbines are located. By applying tension to the two substrates in the environmental chamber, the ice adhesion force of the anti-icing coating on the blades of the wind turbine can be simulated during actual use. This makes the ice adhesion force obtained using the ice-coating mold test equal to or nearly equal to the ice adhesion force during actual use, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0065] The test process can be as follows: first, place the frozen ice frame 140 at the designated position of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 and fix it with an elastic band. Then place the frozen ice frame 140 in an environmental chamber with the water injection hole facing upward. The environmental chamber has a tensile machine 210, and inject water into the frozen ice frame 140 through the water injection hole with a syringe until the water escapes. After wiping off the escaped water, cool down to -20°C at a rate of 2°C / min in the environmental chamber, and keep it at -20°C for 12 hours. After the insulation is completed, the substrates at both ends of the ice-covered sample are supported by the clamp 211 of the tensile machine 210, and tested at a speed of 5mm / min until failure. Five valid data need to be retained for one set of tests. The moment of failure is the moment when the ice separates from the anti-icing coating. Since the process of ice separation takes a certain amount of time, the tensile machine 210 also shifts with time. Therefore, retaining 5 or more valid data, such as multiple consecutive data before and after the moment of failure, is conducive to accurately calculating the tension at the moment of failure, thereby accurately obtaining the ice adhesion.

[0066] Furthermore, if Fig.13 As shown, the tensile machine 210 can apply a tensile force in a direction parallel to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The ice shear resistance on the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested is tested, so as to obtain the ice adhesion force of the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested in this direction.

[0067] Furthermore, if Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the tensile machine 210 can apply a tensile force in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to test the ice tensile resistance on the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested, thereby obtaining the ice adhesion force of the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested in this direction.

[0068] Furthermore, the device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold further includes a syringe, which is used to inject water into the ice freezing cavity through the water injection port 141. Using a syringe to inject water is beneficial to making the diameter of the water injection port 141 not too large.

[0069] Furthermore, the environmental chamber can cool down to the set low temperature at a rate of 0.5°C / min to 5°C / min. Here, the corresponding cooling rate can be designed according to the equipment capacity of the environmental chamber. The set low temperature is maintained for 8h to 24h. It can ensure that the freezing is in place and the ice adhesion is received to test the anti-icing coating 130.

[0070] Furthermore, the tensile machine 210 can apply the tensile force at a moving speed of 0.5 mm / min to 10 mm / min, for example, at a moving speed of 2 mm / min, 5 mm / min, or 8 mm / min.

[0071] Furthermore, the device for measuring ice adhesion using an ice coating mold further includes a control device (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the tensile machine 210 for communication, and is used to control the tensile machine 210 to apply tension at a set speed, and receive the maximum tension value fed back by the tensile machine 210 when the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice layer are displaced. The ice adhesion of the coating can be calculated using the maximum tension value and the bonding area between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice.

[0072] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for measuring ice adhesion using an ice coating mold, which can use the above-mentioned device for measuring ice adhesion using an ice coating mold. The method includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Pre-coat the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Here, the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested can be the same as the anti-icing coating that has been or is about to be coated on the wind turbine blade. The coating method can be selected from the same coating process as the anti-icing coating on the actual blade, such as roller coating, wiping coating, spraying, scraping, vapor deposition, electroplating, etc.

[0074] In addition, a substrate of the same material as the blade of the wind turbine generator can be selected as the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Coating the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested of the same material on the substrate of the same material and using the same coating process is conducive to ensuring that the measurement result is close to the ice adhesion of the anti-icing coating on the blade of the wind turbine generator set in the actual application scenario.

[0075] In addition, after coating the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, the coating can be left at room temperature for a set time, such as more than 5 days, to cure the coating. The thickness of the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested after curing can be more than 100 μm, such as 120 μm, to ensure strength.

[0076] Step 2: Place the ice-freezing frame 140 at the designated position of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 so that the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the first substrate 110 and the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested on the second substrate 120 cover the openings on both sides of the ice-freezing frame 140 and form an ice-freezing cavity with the ice-freezing frame 140.

[0077] Here, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may be arranged face to face with the side with the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested, and the ice freezing frame 140 may be sandwiched between the two to form an ice freezing cavity.

[0078] After that, in order to prevent the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 from loosening and causing water leakage in the freezing chamber, the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the freezing frame 140 can be fastened together by a fastening device, so that the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 tightly clamp the freezing frame 140. For example, a plurality of cable ties 150 are used to tie the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Of course, in order to avoid affecting the subsequent test, the fastening device needs to be removed in advance.

[0079] Step 3: Place the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the freezing frame 140 in an environmental chamber, and inject water into the freezing chamber.

[0080] Here, the side of the ice freezing frame 140 with the water injection port 141 may be facing upward, and then a syringe is used to inject water into the ice freezing cavity through the water injection port 141 until water escapes, and the escaped water is wiped off.

[0081] Step 4: Control the environmental box to lower the temperature so that the water in the freezing chamber freezes to form an ice layer and adheres to the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0082] The environmental chamber is controlled to cool down to a set low temperature at a rate of 0.5°C / min to 5°C / min, and the low temperature is maintained for 8 hours to 24 hours, so as to ensure that the water freezes to form an ice layer that adheres to the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0083] Step 4: Use a tensile testing machine 210 in an environmental chamber to apply a pulling force to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 away from each other. The tensile testing machine 210 is controlled to apply the pulling force at a moving speed of 0.5 mm / min to 10 mm / min. The direction of the pulling force can be parallel to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, or perpendicular to the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Receive the maximum pulling force value fed back by the tensile testing machine 210 when the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice layer are displaced, and calculate the ice adhesion force between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice layer in the direction of the force applied by the tensile testing machine 210. Specifically, the ice adhesion force of the coating can be calculated using the maximum pulling force value and the bonding area between the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested and the ice layer.

[0084] Examples of tests for ice shear resistance are as follows:

[0085] The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, both with dimensions of 200 mm (length) × 25 mm (width) × 5 mm (height). The anti-icing coating is applied to one side of the substrate with a roller, and the anti-icing coating must be fully cured and can be left at room temperature for more than 7 days, with a dry film thickness of 120 μm. An ice frame 140 with dimensions of 80 mm (length) × 20 mm (width) × 5 mm (thickness) is selected and placed on the Figure 1140, and then use 4 elastic bands to tie and fix. Use a syringe to inject water through the water injection port 141 on the freezing frame 140 until the water escapes. After wiping off the escaping water, cool it to -20℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min in the environmental box and keep it at -20℃ for 12 hours. After the insulation is completed, remove the elastic band and clamp the ice shear force test sample symmetrically on the clamp 211 of the tensile machine 210, refer to Fig.13 At this time, the tensile machine 210 applies an upward tensile force to the first substrate 110 by means of the clamp 211. Test at a speed of 5 mm / min until failure. Record the maximum load of the sample shear failure as the failure load, and 5 valid data must be retained for one set of tests. The shear strength is equal to the failure load. The opening area of ​​the deicing frame 140, that is, the contact area between the deicing and the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0086] When the substrate is clamped by the tensile testing machine 210, a gasket can be added between the clamp 211 and the substrate so that the tensile force applied to the substrate by the tensile testing machine 210 extends along the length direction of the substrate without deviation, so as to ensure that the force is applied to the bonding surface between the ice and the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0087] An example of a test for ice tensile strength is as follows:

[0088] The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, both with dimensions of 50 mm (side length) × 50 mm (side length) × 5 mm (thickness). The anti-icing coating is applied to one side of the substrate with a roller, and the anti-icing coating must be fully cured and can be left at room temperature for more than 7 days, with a dry film thickness of 120 μm. Select an ice frame 140 with dimensions of 40 mm (side length) × 40 mm (side length) × 5 mm (thickness) and place it on the Figure 7 The ice frame 140 is placed in the position shown in the figure, and then tied and fixed with 4 elastic bands. Use a syringe to inject water through the water injection port 141 on the ice frame 140 until the water escapes. After wiping off the escaped water, cool it down to -20℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min in the environmental chamber and keep it at -20℃ for 12 hours. After the insulation is completed, remove the elastic band and fix the ice tensile test sample on the tensile fixture 211 of the tensile machine 210, refer to Fig.14 and Fig.15 At this time, the tensile machine 210 applies an upward tensile force to the first substrate 110 by means of the fixture 211, and tests at a speed of 5 mm / min until failure. The maximum load of the sample failure is recorded as the failure load, and 5 valid data must be retained for one set of tests. The tensile strength is equal to the failure load. The opening area of ​​the deicing frame 140, that is, the contact area between the deicing and the anti-icing coating 130 to be tested.

[0089] The ice-coating mold and the device for testing the adhesion of ice to the surface of a material provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used to quantitatively test the adhesion of ice to the surface of a material by using a microcomputer control. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has good repeatability of results. The material actually used can be directly selected as the substrate, and the device is simple. The existing universal tensile machine fixture can also be used directly, without the need to invest in new fixtures. The fixture 211 is used to center and support the ice-coating mold, so that the force is evenly applied and the test data has high repeatability. In addition, the ice freezing frame 140 has a simple structure, is reusable, and has good versatility.

[0090] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that, in the opinion of those skilled in the art, these modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An ice-covered mold, characterized in that: The ice-coating mold comprises: A first substrate (110) and a second substrate (120), wherein the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are arranged facing each other, and two facing sides of the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are provided with an anti-icing coating to be tested; An ice freezing frame (140) is arranged between the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120), the ice freezing frame (140) having openings facing the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) respectively, and a water injection port (141) is arranged on a side wall of the ice freezing frame (140); The test anti-icing coating is capable of covering the openings on both sides of the ice freezing frame (140), and forming an ice freezing cavity together with the ice freezing frame (140), and the water injection port (141) is connected to the ice freezing cavity.

2. The ice-coating mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are both material substrates used to manufacture wind turbine blades, and the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are any one of a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, a carbon fiber plate, a steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate and a plastic plate; and / or The anti-icing coating to be tested is any one of a roller coating, a wipe coating, a spray coating, a scraper coating, a vapor deposition coating and an electroplating coating.

3. The ice-coating mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate (110) protrudes outwardly from the ice freezing frame (140) in a circumferential direction, and the second substrate (120) protrudes outwardly from the ice freezing frame (140) in a circumferential direction; and / or The first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are both long strips, and the ice frame (140) is a long strip frame, or the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) are both square plates, and the ice frame (140) is a square frame.

4. The ice-coating mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection port (141) is located at the center of the side wall of the ice freezing frame (140); and / or The inner diameter of the water injection port (141) ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

5. The ice-coating mold according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The ice-coating mold also includes: A fastening device, wherein the fastening device is detachably connected to the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120), and is used to fasten the first substrate (110), the second substrate (120) and the ice frame (140) together.

6. The ice-coating mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fastening device comprises: A cable tie (150) is sleeved on the outer sides of the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) to apply a force to the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) to press the ice frame (140).

7. The ice-coating mold according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are a plurality of cable ties (150), and the plurality of cable ties (150) are distributed at intervals in the length direction of the first substrate (110), or the plurality of cable ties (150) are distributed crosswise on the surface of the first substrate (110); and / or The cable tie (150) is an elastic band.

8. The ice-coating mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fastening device comprises two clamping plates and fastening bolts connecting the two clamping plates, the two clamping plates are clamped on the outer sides of the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120), and the fastening bolts tighten the two clamping plates.

9. A device for measuring ice adhesion using an ice coating mold, characterized in that: include: An environmental chamber, a tensile testing machine (210), and an ice-coating mold as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; The ice-coated mold is placed in the environmental chamber, the clamp (211) of the tensile machine (210) connects the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120), and the tensile machine (210) is capable of applying a tensile force that causes the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) to move away from each other.

10. The device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tensile testing machine (210) is capable of applying the tensile force in a direction parallel to the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120) or applying the tensile force in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120).

11. The device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A syringe is used to inject water into the ice freezing cavity through the water injection port (141).

12. The device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: The environmental chamber can cool down to a set low temperature at a rate of 0.5°C / min to 5°C / min, and maintain the low temperature for 8h to 24h; The tensile testing machine (210) can apply tensile force at a moving speed of 0.5 mm / min to 10 mm / min.

13. The device for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A control device is communicatively connected to the tensile machine (210), the control device being used to control the tensile machine (210) to apply tensile force at a set speed, and to receive a maximum tensile force value fed back by the tensile machine (210) when the anti-icing coating (130) to be tested is displaced from the ice layer.

14. A method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pre-coating the anti-icing coating to be tested on the first substrate and the second substrate; Placing an ice freezing frame at designated positions of the first substrate and the second substrate, so that the anti-icing coating to be tested on the first substrate and the anti-icing coating to be tested on the second substrate cover the openings on both sides of the ice freezing frame and form an ice freezing cavity with the ice freezing frame; Placing the first substrate, the second substrate and the ice freezing frame in an environmental chamber, and injecting water into the ice freezing chamber; Controlling the environmental box to lower the temperature so that the water in the freezing chamber freezes to form an ice layer and adheres to the anti-icing coating to be tested; A tensile force is applied to the first substrate and the second substrate in the environmental chamber to move them away from each other using a tensile machine.

15. The method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 14, characterized in that: Before the anti-icing coating to be tested is pre-coated on the first substrate and the second substrate, the method further includes: selecting a substrate made of the same material as the wind turbine blade as the first substrate and the second substrate.

16. The method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 14, characterized in that: Before the step of injecting water into the ice freezing cavity, the method further includes: fastening the first substrate, the second substrate and the ice freezing frame together by using a fastening device; After the step of controlling the environmental chamber to lower the temperature so that the water ice in the freezing cavity is bonded to the anti-icing coating to be tested, and before the step of using a tensile testing machine in the environmental chamber to apply a tensile force to the first substrate and the second substrate to move them away from each other, the method further includes: removing the fastening device from the first substrate and the second substrate.

17. The method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 14, characterized in that: The step of controlling the environmental box to lower the temperature so that the water ice in the ice freezing cavity is bonded to the anti-icing coating to be tested comprises: The environmental box is controlled to cool down to a set low temperature at a rate of 0.5°C / min to 5°C / min, and the low temperature is maintained for 8h to 24h.

18. The method for measuring ice coating adhesion using an ice coating mold according to claim 14, characterized in that: The step of applying a pulling force to the first substrate and the second substrate away from each other by using a tensile testing machine in the environmental chamber comprises: Controlling the tensile machine to apply a tensile force at a moving speed of 0.5 mm / min to 10 mm / min, wherein the direction of the tensile force is parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate, or perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate; The maximum tension value fed back by the tensile machine when the anti-icing coating to be tested and the ice layer are displaced is received, and the ice adhesion force between the anti-icing coating to be tested and the ice layer in the force application direction of the tensile machine is calculated accordingly.

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